高三英语考试模拟试题(含答案)(20200907201733)

高三英语考试模拟试题(含答案)(20200907201733)

高三英语考试模拟试题（含答案） 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名写在密封线内。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 20 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有 2 分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题 卡上。 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每 段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。 ( )1. What do we know about Sheila? A. She talks a lot. B. People can be persuaded by her. C. She stops talking to people. ( )2. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Host and guest. ( )3. What does the woman mean? A. Be quick. B. Run for a while. C. Take the next bus. ( )4. What is the woman unhappy about? A. Her neighbour's keeping a cat. B. Her neighbour's walking on her grass. C. Her neighbour's not keeping her word. ( )5. Why does the man like that type of music? A. Because he likes the instruments. B. Because rock interests him. C. Because the music is wonderful. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳 选项。 听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟； 听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 ( )6. How many people will be at the dinner? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. ( )7. When will they arrive at the restaurant? A. At 7 ：00 p．m., Thursday. B. At 7 ：00 a．m., Tuesday. C. At 7 ：00 p．m., Tuesday. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 ( )8. What is the teacher's family name? A. Bean. B. Chris. C. Chen. ( )9. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In Mr Bean's house. B. In the classroom. C. In Lily's house. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 ( )10. How long will the woman stay in New York? A. For two years. B. For four years. C. For three years. ( )11. From whom did the man know where the woman is? A. The woman's brother. B. The woman herself. C. The woman's team. ( )12. What does the man think of their relationship? A. It will end. B. It will continue. C. It will improve. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 ( )13. What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary. ( )14. How many oranges does the woman want? A. 4. B. 6. C. 8. ( )15. Who will go shopping soon? A. The woman. B. The man. C. Neither of the speakers. ( )16. What are the speakers talking about? A. Daily expenses. B. Dinner dishes. C. A shopping list. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 ( )17. How often is the programme about popular American expressions broadcast? A. Three times per month. B. Every day. C. Every seven days. ( )18. What is a bagman? A. One who sells bags. B. One who does something against the law. C. One who carries money in big bags. ( )19. What does the expression “ let the cat out of the bag ” mean? A. Give a secret away. B. Keep something secret. C. Make something known to animals. ( )20. What will probably be broadcast next? A. The explanation about the phrase. B. Another widely －used expression. C. The story behind the expression. 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 单项填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 ( )21. What people are concerned about is ________ violent and criminal practices have severely threatened their safety and property. A. what B. why C. that D. how ( )22. The manager will have to work overtime this weekend due to the fact that projects must be ________ by next Monday. A. committed B. submitted C. substituted D. composed ( )23. People are increasingly living or working in countries other than the ones ________ they were born. A. where B. that C. what D. who ( )24. He slept like a log through all the noise —he ________ very tired. A. must be B. might have been C. might be D. must have been ( )25. This set of papers should be good exercises for those who like to ________ challenging questions. A. mix with B. wrestle with C. go with D. consult with ( )26. Twenty years ago, people in this town lacked both the motivation to fight pollution and the knowledge of what exactly needed ________ ． A. to clean B. have cleaned C. clean D. cleaning ( )27. I would rather you ________ to your parents about the test scores yesterday. A. hadn't lied B. didn't lie C. wouldn't have lied D. wouldn't lie ( )28. —Do you allow your twelve －year－old son to travel alone at night? —________. I won't expose him to a slight possibility of danger. A. Forget it. B. Go ahead C. Absolutely not D. By all means ( )29. The words “ protect animals ” appear everywhere in books and on screens, ________ some animals are even in danger of dying out. A. before B. until C. because D. where ( )30. The young scholar died though great efforts ________ to save his life. A. was made B. had been made C. have been made D. were to be made ( )31. Rapidly globalizing countries like India expect that their aging populations ________ by the year 2050. A. will have doubled B. will double C. have doubled D. are to double ( )32. With a lot of empty ________ in the area, house prices are unlikely to continue to grow in the short term. A. properties B. prospects C. possessions D. proposals ( )33. Citizens over age 65, ________ 2017, represented 15% of the US population, 6% of India's population and 11% of China's population. A. as for B. as to C. as against D. as of ( )34. Despite his indifference to poverty, he did not become ________ to the sight of death in that area. A. addicted B. true C. immune D. opposed ( )35. Mr Smith is ________. He always devotes his spare time to helping those in need. A. a black sheep B. a good Samaritan C. a dark horse D. a green hand 第二节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I'm standing in a class of wild 14 －year－old girls as they throw paper and howl with laughter. They won't __36__ to me. I was 22 and I didn't know what I was doing. I never wanted to teach. I wanted to be a __37__. But when I arrived in London, they were short of teachers. My __38__ at teaching were hopeless. When the bell finally rang, I rushed to the __39__ room, red __40__ anger. The other teachers weren't surprised. “ That's 4B, the worst class in school ，” one said. I was afraid of our next meeting, but I couldn't give up, because I needed the job. Therefore, I __41__ formal lessons. __42__ ， I brought topics for class discussions. One of the liveliest talks was about the arguments they had with their __43__. They paid attention and shared about their families. Then I had them write about themselves. As time went on, their essays became a __44__ between us. I think they __45__ my interest in their lives. The musical My Fair Lady was playing in the West End, but they had never seen a(n) __46__ stage performance. I asked if they would like to see the musical. They thought I was __47__. No teacher had ever __48__ taking them out. A few weeks later, 4B and I were __49__ in a theatre. They loved the music and the characters. It was the __50__ of their year, and they talked about it for days. Near the end of the semester, someone__51__ on the door of the staff room. The two girls most unwilling to __52__ rules in 4B were there—with flowers. I was __53__ to know I had touched their lives, but they had also touched mine. When I returned to Australia several years later, I still wanted to be a writer. For the first time in my life, I stopped __54__ and started writing. My first story was __55__ ， My Fair Ladies. Teaching wasn't the end of my writing career; it was the beginning. ( )36. A. reply B. hold C. apply D. listen ( )37. A. director B. writer C. singer D. musician ( )38. A. efforts B. ambitions C. experiences D. experiments ( )39. A. sitting B. consulting C. staff D. waiting ( )40. A. with B. at C. for D. on ( )41. A. prepared B. abandoned C. attended D. favoured ( )42. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. Nevertheless ( )43. A. parents B. classmates C. friends D. teachers ( )44. A. topic B. argument C. bridge D. conflict ( )45. A. ignored B. denied C. restricted D. appreciated ( )46. A. instructive B. thrilling C. live D. formal ( )47. A. promising B. joking C. complaining D. protesting ( )48. A. kept B. minded C. suggested D. avoided ( )49. A. sitting B. performing C. competing D. singing ( )50. A. expectation B. success C. fantasy D. highlight ( )51. A. called B. fell C. knocked D. leaned ( )52. A. chase B. desert C. dismiss D. observe ( )53. A. proud B. interested C. curious D. relaxed ( )54. A. moving B. dreaming C. working D. travelling ( )55. A. commented B. awarded C. introduced D. titled 第三部分 阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Assistant Professor of Chemistry The University of Chicago: Physical Sciences Division: Department of Chemistry Location Chicago, Illinois Description The Department of Chemistry at The University of Chicago invites applications for the position of Assistant Professor of Chemistry in all areas of chemistry. Applicants must apply online at apply.interfolio .com/66199 and upload a cover letter, a curriculum vitae with a list of publications, a brief outline of research plans and a one－page teaching statement. In your cover letter, please specify( 注明 ) one sub－ discipline that best represents your research interests (inorganic, materials, organic, physical, theoretical or chemical biology). In addition, three reference letters are required. Qualifications At the time of hire the successful candidate must have completed all requirements for a PhD in Chemistry or a related field. Joint appointments with other departments are possible. Application Instructions Review of applications will begin on October 7, 2020 and will continue until all positions are filled. Apply to: apply.interfolio .com/66199 Equal Employment Opportunity Statement The University of Chicago is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity/Disabled/Veterans Employer and does not discriminate on the basis of race, colour, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national or ethnic origin, age, status as an individual with a disability, protected veteran status, genetic information, or other protected classes under the law. For additional information please see the University's Notice of Nondiscrimination. Job seekers in need of a reasonable accommodation to complete the application process should call 7737021032 or e －mail equalopportunity @uchicago.edu with their request. ( )56. According to the passage, an applicant ________ ． A. must upload three reference letters specifying one sub －discipline in them B. may apply online with necessary qualifications before October 7, 2019 C. must hold roles in the Department of Chemistry with a PhD in Chemistry D. may complete the application process in a room provided by the University ( )57. What kind of writing is the passage? A. A report. B. A brochure. C. A presentation. D. An advertisement. B I took a job as a receptionist for a vet almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn't have to assist with any wounded animals. I couldn't bear to see any creature in pain. At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day when a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman Pinscher puppy in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four －month－old pup had been hit by a car. The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place the skin was still attached to this poor little animal's body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, sewing him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his spine. If he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again. That day forever changed my life. The vet mentored me, and I became his assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his muscles from withering. Weeks went by until one day, I felt this little fighter push back ever so slightly. And he continued to push back till he could finally use his legs. Fast－forward about a year. I walked into the clinic's crowded waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman who had been standing quietly with his owner on the opposite side of the room ran toward me. I found myself pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, washing my face with abundant and joyful kisses! I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet for 14 years, and since retirement, I've volunteered at a no － kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I've never met a dog who didn't know it had been rescued in one way or another. ( )58. Involved in the process of the puppy's operation, the author ________ ． A. overcame his own mental obstacle B. was sure the dog could walk again C. decided to be a vet via his own efforts D. realized the pup would thank him later ( )59. What does the underlined word “ mentored ” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Coached. B. Praised. C. Impressed. D. Dismissed. ( )60. What might be the best title for the passage? A. A Special Friend B. A Grateful Patient C. An Instructive Lesson D. A Terrible Experience C Bees can be harmed by low levels of neonicotinoid( 新烟碱类农药 ) pesticides, and now it seems birds can too. Migrating white －crowned sparrows have been found to lose weight after eating seeds treated with one of these chemicals, imidacloprid ( 吡虫啉〈一种杀虫剂〉 ), delaying their onward migration by several days. Such a delay could hamper their chances of successfully breeding. However, the main manufacturer of the pesticide disputes the findings. The latest twist in the debate over neonicotinoids is the result of work by Christy Morrissey at the University of Saskatchewan in Canada and her team.They caught migrating sparrows, tagged them with tiny radio transmitters and gave them feed containing imidacloprid or an alternative without the chemical. The birds given the pesticide lost up to 6 per cent of their body weight in the 6 hours before release, whereas the other birds hardly lost any. Scans also showed a decline in body fat among the first group. When released, the birds not fed imidacloprid continued their migration after half a day. Those given the pesticide took four days, on average, to do the same. Morrissey says she also has unpublished evidence that two other neonicotinoids have similar effects. Birds that arrive late at breeding grounds are less likely to raise the young successfully and may not breed at all, says Morrissey. “ This has serious impacts on populations. ” The study shows sublethal(亚致死的 ) doses of neonicotinoids can have adverse effects on seed－eating birds as well as on beneficial insects such as bees, says Caspar Hallmann of Radboud University in the Netherlands. “Birds— especially small birds—are really dependent on having sufficient body fat during migration. ” The findings are disputed by Bayer, the main manufacturer of imidacloprid. Real－world neonicotinoid exposure levels are far below those that disrupt migratory behaviour, and the pesticides are safe when applied according to instructions, says a Bayer spokesperson. Morrissey says the birds were given realistic amounts. They could get the highest dose given in the study by eating just one －tenth of a treated maize seed, a fifth of a soya bean or three canola seeds, for instance. “It's tiny, tiny amounts ，” she says. In North America, 57 of the 77 bird species associated with farmland are in decline, with neonicotinoids one possible factor. However, Morrissey says that banning these pesticides isn't the answer because farmers will just use alternatives that may turn out to be as bad. Instead, we need to find ways of farming that don't rely on any chemical fixes, she says. ( )61. What's the possible risk of birds delaying their onward migration? A. Birds may lose weight up to 6 per cent of their body in hours. B. Birds may fail to arrive in their migration destination in the end. C. Birds may suffer from higher level of neonicotinoid pesticides. D. Birds may miss out on the opportunities to breed. ( )62. The result of work by Christy Morrissey implies ________ ． A. pesticides' makers should not question her findings B. she has enough evidence to illustrate birds' suffering C. pesticides could be in part to blame for the bird decline D. birds are really dependent on body fat during migration ( )63. The purpose of Paragraph 8 is to ________ ． A. illustrate the danger of exposure to imidacloprid B. counter the safety of imidacloprid Bayer claims C. show large amounts of imidacloprid used in farming D. indicate tiny imidacloprid is deadly for wild animals ( )64. The farming practice Morrissey prefers is ________ ． A. chemical －free B. farmland －free C. farmer－friendly D. machine－friendly D The Democratic debate on health care has to date centred around who should be covered and who should pay the bill. That debate, which has been going on for decades, has no clear answers and cannot be easily resolved because of two fundamental realities: Health care is expensive, and Americans are sick. Instead of debating who should pay for all these, no one is asking the far more simple and imperative question: What is making us so sick, and how can we reverse this so we need less health care? The answer is staring us in the face, on average three times a day: our food. Poor diet is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, causing more than half a million deaths per year. Just 10 dietary factors are estimated to cause nearly 1 ，000 deaths every day from heart disease(心血管疾病 ), stroke and diabetes alone. These conditions are dizzyingly expensive. Cardiovascular disease costs $351 billion annually in health care spending and lost productivity, while diabetes costs $327 billion annually. The total economic cost of obesity is estimated at $1.72 trillion per year, or 9.3 per cent of gross domestic product. Fortunately, advances in nutrition science and policy now provide a road map for addressing this national nutrition crisis. The “ Food Is Medicine ” solutions are win－win, promoting better well －being, lower health care costs, greater sustainability, reduced disparities among population groups, improved economic competitiveness and greater national security. Some simple, measurable improvements can be made in several health and related areas. For example, Medicare, Medicaid, private insurers and hospitals should include nutrition in any electronic health record; update medical training, licensing and continuing education guidelines to put an emphasis on nutrition; offer patient prescription programmes for healthy produce; and, for the sickest patients, cover home－delivered, medically －tailored meals. Just the last action, for example, can save a net $9， 000 in health care costs per patient per year. Taxes on sugary beverages and junk food can be paired with subsidies on protective foods like fruits, nuts, vegetables, beans, plant oils, whole grains, yogurt and fish. Emphasizing protective foods represents an important positive message for the public and food industry that celebrates and rewards good nutrition. Levels of harmful additives like sodium, added sugar and trans fat can be lowered through voluntary industry targets or regulatory safety standards. The private sector can also play a key role. Changes in shareholder criteria and new investor coalitions should financially reward companies for tackling obesity, diabetes and other diet－ related illness. Public－private partnerships should emphasize research and development on best agricultural and food－processing practices. All work sites should demand healthy food when negotiating with cafeteria vendors and include incentives for healthy eating in their wellness benefits. Government plays a crucial role. The significant impacts of the food system on well －being, health care spending, the economy and the environment —together with mounting public and industry awareness of these issues—have created an opportunity for government leaders to champion real solutions. Yet with rare exceptions, the current presidential candidates are not being asked about these critical national issues. Every candidate should have a food platform, and every debate should explore these positions. A new emphasis on the problems and promise of nutrition to improve health and lower health care costs is long overdue for the presidential primary debates and should be prominent in the 2020 general election and the next administration. ( )65. According to the author, the core problem on health care is ________ ． A. who should be covered in health care B. who should pay the bill of health care C. how to find reasons of people's sickness D. how to reduce dependence on health care ( )66. The danger of poor diet is to ________ ． A. worsen the problem of health care B. increase the number of stroke alone C. cause the death rates higher than ever D. contribute to the rise of national GDP ( )67. The example of the sickest patients is to show ________ ． A. the necessity of health records B. the importance of tailored meals C. the way to reduce health care costs D. the ambition to cut medical budgets ( )68. What can we know from Paragraph 6 and Paragraph 7? A. Lowering levels of harmful additives has become a safety standard. B. Taxing sugary beverages as well as protective food may be essential. C. Rewarding companies providing healthy food should be encouraged. D. Emphasizing healthy eating is beneficial to food －processing practices. ( )69. In the 2020 general election, he author will vote for a candidate who ________ ． A. has created a new food system for government leaders B. has a food platform and explores the presidential position C. is being asked about some critical national issues in debates D. is committed to food management and lower health care costs ( )70. What can we infer from the passage? A. Our food is killing too many of us. B. National nutrition crisis is coming. C. Junk food may be forbidden for sale. D. Sick Americans need more health care. 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 请认真阅读下列短文， 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个 ．．最恰当的单词。 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填 1 个单词。 According to the recently published cultural mindset study from Culture Trip, 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by influences from different cultures. At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in younger generations being more interested in collecting experiences than possessions. Welcome to the “ new culture economy ” The collision of the two trends— globalization and the experience economy—has caused a new travel concept with cultural curiosity at its heart. This is the “ new culture economy” . The phenomenon is having a profound impact on people's interactions and definitions of cultural exploration and presents an incredible commercial opportunity. Education, travel, exposure to other customs and the cultural mashup that energes are the more influential social effects of globalization. More than half of respondents from the cultural mindset study have friends living overseas, while 78% have friends or family of different nationalities. Besides, the confines of student debt and unaffordable housing have created a shift in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than ownership. Why we travel People's social networks expose them to digital influencers and keep them connected to friends or family living in other parts of the world. The combination of these cultural, social and personal drivers has helped us to identify four cultural mindsets. 1. Culturally aware —The motivation to travel among this group is anchored in pleasure. They seek out familiarity and select destinations close to home or reflective of their own culture. 2. Culturally curious —Those with this mindset travel to discover new things and disrupt their everyday routines. They seek some familiarity, but also want to explore boundaries. They want to be seen as someone who is interested in culture, but this is often expressed in terms of visual interest and well －known sites. 3. Culturally immersive —For this group, travel is all about adventure and personal growth. They want to be seen as highly cultured and as “ explorers ”； they are happy to celebrate when things go wrong, which they see as the key ingredient to making memories. 4. Culturally fluid —The group's identity is shaped by their familiarity with travel. They feel at home everywhere and have adopted a hybrid cultural identity. Memories are often tied to experiences with people that represent the culture they are travelling to rather than sites. The environmental trade －off The cultural mindset research also sheds light on how people perceive the effect of tourism on the environment and the measures they take to reduce their impact. Two in five millennials — more than any other generation—worry that tourism has a negative impact on the environment and over a third limit how much they travel to reduce their impact. While most people won't control their desire to travel entirely, good news is that those who see the world are also the ones taking measures in their everyday lives to reduce their impact on the environment. How Curiosity and Globalization Are Driving A New Approach to Travel Introduction ◆ Being (71)________ to different cultures has an impact on people's outlook on life. ◆ The economic situation of the past ten years can (72)________ for young people's shift in values away from materialism. Welcome to the “ new culture economy ” ◆ The collision of globalization and the experience economy has given birth to a new travel pattern, which (73)________ cultural curiosity. ◆ A shift in spending patterns has appeared in that a trip is more (74)________ than a house. Why we travel ◆ How the cultural, social and personal factors (75)________ helps the researchers identify different cultural mindsets. Culturally aware ◆ People in this group travel for the fun of it and prefer (76)________ close to where they live to seek some familiarity. Culturally curious ◆ People with this mindset can be regarded as someone interested in culture and (77)________ for exploring boundaries. Culturally immersive ◆ People belonging to this group think travel will (78)________ to personal growth and create something worth recalling. Culturally fluid ◆ For this group, they are (79)________ with travel and experiences with the local people representing the culture count. The environmental trade－off,◆ (80)________ of the negative effect tourism has on the environment, those travelling are willing to take measures like setting a limit to their travel. 第五部分 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 81. 请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。 Smartphones have become a necessary part of daily life. A study shows that smartphones owners usually start to use their phones in the morning. It appears that they can hardly go without their phones even for one day. “I feel chained to the phone all the time. I use it for everything and I am in cellphone prison. It is time that I should do something to change the situation ，” 17－ year－old Johnson said to CGTN. According to new research carried out by Asurion, a global tech protection and support company, people all over the world check their phone on average once every 12 minutes —burying their heads in their phones 80 times a day and spending over five hours on the phones. That seriously affects their daily lives. “Using smartphones definitely causes poor attention control ，” Abraham Zangen, a professor told CGTN. “ It also leads to social stress ‘What are they thinking of me ？’” [ 写作内容 ] 1. 以约 30 个单词概括文章大意； 2. 举例简要说明手机的不当使用给学生带来的消极影响； 3. 就高中学生合理使用智能手机这一话题谈谈你的观点 (不少于两点 )。 [ 写作要求 ] 1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 不必写标题。 [ 评分标准 ] 内容完整、语言规范、语篇连贯、词数适当。 参考答案 1—5 BACCA 6—10 BCABB 11—15 AAABB 16— 20 CCBAC 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 单项填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 21. C 考查名词性从句。句意：人们忧虑的是暴力和犯罪行为严重威胁他们的安全和财 产。根据句意可知，此处引导表语从句，且引导词在句中不作任何成分，故填 that。 22. B 考查动词辨析。句意：由于这套方案必须在下周一前上交，经理这个周末不得不 加班。 commit 承诺，保证； submit 提交，呈递； substitute 取代； compose 组成，作曲。 23. A 考查定语从句。句意：越来越多的人在不同于自己出生地的国家生活与工作。先 行词是 the ones，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填 where。 24. D 考查情态动词。句意：在闹哄哄的环境里他却睡得很熟，他肯定是太累了。根据 句意可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，故用 must have done。 25. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这套试卷对于喜欢钻研难题的人来说应该是不错的练 习。 mix with 融合，交往； wrestle with 奋力对付， 努力处理； go with 与某物相配； consult with 商议，商量。 26. D 考查非谓语动词。 句意： 20 年前镇上的人们既没有治理污染的积极性， 也不知道 究竟要清理什么。 the motivation 和 the knowledge 是 lack 的并列宾语； need 是实意动词， need doing ＝need to be done。 27. A 考查虚拟语气。句意：我倒是希望昨天你没对父母谎报考试成绩。 would rather 后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反的愿望，要用过去完成时， 故填 had done。 28. C 考查情景交际。句意： —— 你允许你 12 岁的儿子晚上独自外出吗？ —— 当然不 允许。我不会让他有一丁点危险的。 forget it 算了吧； go ahead继续； absolutely not 当然不； by all means 当然。 29. C 考查状语从句。句意：“保护动物”这几个字在书中和屏幕上随处可见，因为一 些动物甚至处在灭绝的危险中。 because引导原因状语从句。 30. B 考查时态。 句意： 尽管作出了巨大的努力来挽救那位年轻的学者， 他还是去世了。 根据句意可知，此处表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。 31. A 考查时态。句意：预计到 2050 年，正在快速全球化的印度等国家的老龄化人口 将翻一番。根据时间状语 by the year 2050 可知，用将来完成时。 32. A 考查名词辨析。句意：因为该地区有大量闲置的房地产，短期内房价不可能继续 上升。 property 房地产； prospect 前景，前途； possession 物品，个人财产； proposal 提议。 33. D 考查介词短语辨析。句意：截至 2017 年， 65 岁以上公民占美国、印度和中国的 人口比例分别是 15%、6%和 11%。as for 至于，关于； as to 至于； as against 和⋯⋯相比较； as of 截至，自⋯⋯起。 34. C 考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管对贫困无动于衷，对于该地区的死亡惨象他还是不 免动容。 be addicted to 上瘾； be true to 忠于； be immune to 不受影响； be opposed to 反对。 35. B 考查习语。 句意： 史密斯先生是个善良的人。 他总是把空闲时间用来助人。 a black sheep害群之马； a good Samaritan 好人； a dark horse 黑马； a green hand 新手。 第二节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在伦敦做教师时通过改变教学方式，改变了学生的 人生也改变了自己的一段经历。 36. D 根据前一句“ I'm standing in a class of wild 14 － year－old girls as they throw paper and howl with laughter. ”可知， 学生们在教室里扔纸团， 大声吼叫， 根本不听 (listen)老师上课。 37. B 根据第 54 空后 started writing 可知，作者当时想成为作家 (writer) 。 38. A “我”在教学上付出的努力是白费的。 effort 努力； ambition 志向； experience 经历； experiment 实验，试验。 39. C 句意：下课铃终于响起，我冲进教师办公室，气得满脸通红。 staff room 教师办 公室。第 51 空后的 the staff room 是具体提示。 40. A 见第 39 题解析。 with 意为“由于”，表示原因。 41. B 句意：因此，我放弃 (abandon)了正规的课程，而是带来可供课堂讨论的话题。 42. B 见第 41 题解析。 instead 反而，却。 43. A 其中最热烈的一个话题是有关他们与父母 (parents)之间的讨论。下一句中的 their families 是具体提示。 44. C 随着时间的推移， 学生的文章成了师生交流的桥梁和纽带。 topic 话题； argument 争论； bridge 桥梁； conflict 冲突。 45. D 句意：我认为学生们很感谢我对于他们生活的兴趣。 ignore 忽视； deny 否认； restrict 限制； appreciate 感谢，感激。 46. C 句意：音乐剧《窈窕淑女》正在伦敦西区上演，但是他们从来没有看过现场演出 的舞台剧。 instructive 增长知识的； thrilling 惊险的，紧张的； live 现场演出的； formal 正 式的。 47. B 句意：他们觉得我在开玩笑 (joke)。 48. C 从来没有老师曾建议带他们出去。 suggest 建议。 49. A 句意：几周后， 4B 班级的学生和我坐 (sit)进了剧院。 50. D 这是他们一年中最激动人心的时刻， 他们谈论了好些天。 expectation 期待；success 成功； fantasy 幻想； highlight 最好 (或最精彩、最激动人心的 )的部分。 51. C 学期就要结束时有人敲响 (knock) 教师办公室的门。 52. D 4B 班两个最不愿意遵守规则的学生站在门口，手里捧着花。 observe rules 遵守规 则。 53. A 看到学生们的积极转变，老师当然是感到自豪 (proud)。 54. B 句意：在我回到澳大利亚几年后，我仍然想成为一名作家。在我人生中第一次不 再单纯地去梦想 (dream)，而是开始动笔写作。 55. D title 给书籍或文章定题目。 第三部分 阅读理解 (共 1.5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) A 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥大学化学系招聘助理教授的相关事项。 56. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“ Job seekers in need of a reasonable accommodation to complete the application process should call 7737021032 or e － mail equalopportunity @uchicago.edu with their request. ”可知，若申请人要求的话，学校可以提供 住处给他们完成申请程序。 57. D 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知， 本文是一篇芝加哥大学化学系招聘助理教授的 广告。 B 本文是一篇记叙文。作者做兽医接待员的工作时在医生的指导下救治了一条杜宾犬。一 年后，小狗回来感恩，让作者很感动。 58. A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句 “ As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn't have to assist with any wounded animals. I couldn't bear to see any creature in pain. ”和第四段第一句 “ That day forever changed my life. ”以及全文内容可 知， 身为兽医接待员， 作者接受这个职位的条件是不需要帮助任何受伤的动物。 因为他不忍 看到任何动物痛苦。但是作者最终还是帮助救治了那条杜宾犬，克服了这一心理障碍。 59. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的 I became his assistant in all things medical 可知，此 处表示兽医指导作者，故选 A。 60. B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段第一句 “ I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. ”可知，本文讲述了作 者救助受伤的小狗后小狗回来感恩的故事，故选 B。 C 本文是一篇说明文，研究发现新烟碱类农药杀虫剂的使用会对鸟类产生影响，具体体现 在会使鸟类体重减轻，推迟迁徙，最终会影响鸟类繁殖，致使其种群数量减少。 61. D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 “ Such a delay could hamper their chances of successfully breeding. ”和第五段“ Birds that arrive late at breeding grounds are less likely to raise the young successfully and may not breed at all, says Morrissey. ‘ This has serious impacts on populations. ’”可知，鸟类推迟迁徙的风险是可能失去繁殖的机会，致使其种群数量减少。 故选 D。 62. C 推理判断题。通读全文可知， Christy Morrissey 的研究发现新烟碱类农药杀虫剂 的使用会对鸟类产生影响， 具体体现在会使鸟类体重减轻， 推迟迁徙， 最终会影响鸟类繁殖， 致使其种群数量减少。所以 Christy Morrissey 的研究暗示农药可能是导致鸟类数量下降的原 因。 63. B 写作目的题。根据第七、八段内容可知，杀虫剂制造商拜耳公司认为使用杀虫剂 的量不足以对鸟类产生影响，而 Christy Morrissey 用实验反驳了这一观点，认为在自然界中 最微量的摄入也达到了实验中最高致伤的程度。故选 B。 64. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句 “ Instead, we need to find ways of farming that don't rely on any chemical fixes, she says. ”可知， Morrissey 理想的耕作方式是不依 赖任何化学品。故选 A。 D 本文是一篇议论文。文章指出食物是导致美国民众生病及医疗费用过高的原因之一，并 从多个方面提出解决这一问题的办法。 最后希望 2020 年美国大选的候选人正视并解决这个问 题。 65. D 推理判断题。根据第二段“ Instead of debating who should pay for all this, no one is asking the far more simple and imperative question: What is making us so sick, and how can we reverse this so we need less health care ？”可知，与其讨论谁应该为医疗费用买单，不如找到 人们生病的原因，以减少对医疗的依赖。 66. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，不健康的饮食习惯造成了很多疾病的产生， 使得医疗成本大为增加，从而恶化医疗问题。 67. C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“ ...and, for the sickest patients, cover home－ delivered, medically －tailored meals. Just the last action, for example, can save a net $9 ，000 in health care costs per patient per year.”可知，提到病情严重的人的例子是为了展现节省医疗成 本的方法。 68. C 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句 “ Taxes on sugary beverages and junk food can be paired with subsidies on protective foods like fruits, nuts, vegetables, beans, plant oils, whole grains, yogurt and fish. ”和第七段第二句“ Changes in shareholder criteria and new investor coalitions should financially reward companies for tackling obesity, diabetes and other diet－ related illness.”可知，应鼓励奖励那些提供健康食物的企业和公司。 69. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知， 作者希望下一届总统选候人能正视和解决医疗 问题。故选 D。 70. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，我们的食物造成了很多人的死亡。 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了好奇心和全球化是如何推动一种新的以文化好奇心为核 心的旅行新概念。 71. exposed 根据第一段第一句中的 60% of people in the US and UK say that their outlook on life is shaped by influences from different cultures 可知，接触不同的文化对人们的人生观产 生影响。 72. account 根据第一段第二句 “ At the same time, the economic landscape of the last decade has resulted in younger generations being more interested in collecting experiences than possessions. ”可知， 过去十年的经济形势可以解释为什么年轻人的价值观发生了转变。 account for 是⋯⋯的说明 (或原因 )。 73. features 根据 Welcome to the “ new culture economy”部分第一段第一句“ The collision of the two trends — globalization and the experience economy — has caused a new travel concept with cultural curiosity at its heart. ”可知。 feature 以⋯⋯为主要组成。 74. affordable 根据 Welcome to the “ new culture economy ”部分第二段最后一句 “ Besides, the confines of student debt and unaffordable housing have created a shift in spending patterns, and so a new set of values has emerged in which experiences matter more than owne rship. ”可知，学生 贷款的限制和负担不起的住房导致了消费模式的转变。 75. combine 根据 Why we travel 部分第一段第二句 “ The combination of these cultural, social and personal drivers has helped us to identify four cultural mindsets. ”可知。 76. destinations 根据 Why we travel 部分“ Culturally aware—The motivation to travel among this group is anchored in pleasure. They seek out familiarity and select destinations close to home or reflective of their own culture. ”可知。 77. desperate/thirsty/eager/longing/dying 根据 Why we travel 部分 Culturally curious 一节 中的第二句 “They seek somefamiliarity, but also want to explore boundaries. ”可知，这些人被认 为是对文化感兴趣，渴望探索边界。 be desperate/thirsty/eager/longing/dying for 渴望做⋯⋯。 78. contribute 根据 Why we travel 部分 Culturally immersive 一节中的第一句 “ For this group, travel is all about adventure and personal growth. ”可知，对这类人来说，旅行就是冒险和 个人成长。 contribute to 增进。 79. familiar 根据 Why we travel 部分 Culturally fluid 一节中的第一句“ The group's identity is shaped by their familiarity with travel. ”可知。 80. Aware/Conscious 根据倒数第二段第二句“ Two in five millennials —more than any other generation —worry that tourism has a negative impact on the environment and over a third limit how much they travel to reduce their impact. ”可知。 aware/conscious of 意识到。 第五部分 书面表达 (满分 25 分) As is stated in the above passage, numerous people are inclined to employ their smartphones excessively, unavoidably affecting their normal lives. And attention has been drawn to this phenomenon. Despite the convenience smartphones bring to people, the improper use does have negative effect on the users, especially young students. Tom used to be a top student in our class, but he has grown addicted to playing games on the mobile phone at home recently, feeling sleepy or absent － minded in class. What a pity! From my point of view, it is not wise for us students to rely on smartphones, or rather online games for relaxation. After all, there are other meaningful choices such as reading favourite books and doing sports on the playground. On the other hand, we can adopt abundant useful newly － released data through mobile phones, which will boost the efficiency of our self －study. In a word, a sensible choice can make a difference. 【听力资料】 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有 2 分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。 听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话 仅读一遍。 Text 1 M: Sheila is a very persuasive speaker. When she talks, people stop and listen. W: That's right. A lot of people even change their opinions after talking to her. Text 2 M: Cathy, this is Mike. I am telephoning because I am going to meet some guests at the airport. So I will be absent for lunch. W: That is OK. I will wait for you at supper time. M: See you then. Text 3 M: Look! Here comes the bus. Let's hurry. W: Why run? There is no need to be in such a hurry. There will be another one in two or three minutes. Text 4 M: What made you so upset? W: My neighbour gave me her word that she would keep her cat off my grass, but she hasn't. M: That's too bad. Text 5 W: What kind of music do you enjoy listening to? M: I like to listen to rock. W: Why do you like that type of music? M: I like the kinds of instruments that they use. W: I think that's an excellent reason to like something. M: Thanks, I feel the same way. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 Text 6 M: Hello, I need to make a dinner reservation. W: Can you tell me when you will come? M: We will come to your restaurant on Tuesday night. W: What time will you dine? M: Our first choice would be 7 ：00, or perhaps 7：30. W: How many guests will be at the dinner? M: Four of us will come. W: Please just give me your name, and at 7 ：00 on Tuesday we will have a table for you! M: Great! My last name is Foster. W: Thank you, Mr Foster. See you at 7 ：00 this Tuesday. M: I look forward to having dinner in your restaurant. Thank you for your help. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 Text 7 M: Hello, my name's Chris Bean. I'm your new English teacher. W: Hello, Mr Chris. It's nice to meet you. M: No, that's not right. My first name is Chris, and my last name is Bean. W: Oh, I'm sorry, Mr Bean. M: That's all right. What's your name? W: My first name is Lily, and my last name is Chen. Chen is also my family name. M: Good. You can call me my first name, Chris, if you like. W: Great, you can call me Lily. M: Good. Well, it's time to start our lesson. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 Text 8 W: Hey, Matt! What are you doing here? M: I called your house, and your brother told me you'd be here. Nice jacket. W: Thanks. It's a present from the baseball team. M: They're going to miss you. You're their star player. W: I wasn't today. We lost, twenty －two to two. M: Ouch. I think we need to have a talk. W: Look, if it's about my decision to go to New York, I'm not going to change my mind. M: I realize that. W: But I'll be back to visit...and you can come and see me. M: No, let's not kid ourselves. Four years in New York will pretty much end our relationship. W: Lots of people have long － distance relationships. M: Not me. I'm not a long －distance kind of guy. All our friends are getting married. They're having kids. I thought we were the next. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 Text 9 W: Could you do me a favuor? M: Sure. What is it? W: Could you go to the store? We need a few things. M: All right. What do you want me to get? W: Well, could you pick up some sugar? M: Okay. How much? W: A small bag. I guess we also need a few oranges. M: How many? W: Oh, let's see...about six. M: Anything else? W: Yes. We're out of milk. M: Okay. How much do you want me to get? A gallon? W: No. I think a half gallon will be enough. M: Is that all? W: I think so. Have you got all that? M: Yes. That's a small bag of sugar, six oranges, and a half gallon of milk. W: Do you have enough money? M: I think so. W: Thanks very much. I appreciate it. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 Text 10 Now, the VOA special English programme, WORDS AND THEIR STORIES. Different people have different ways of saying things—their own special expressions. Each week we tell you some popular American expressions. The bag is one of the most simple and useful things in the world. It is a container made of paper or cloth. It has given the world many strange expressions that are not very simple. Some of them are used in the United States today. One is “ bagman” . It describes a go－between. The go－between sees to it that money is passed—often illegally —from one person to another. Another widely －used expression is “ let the cat out of the bag ” . It is used when someone tells something that was supposed to be secret. No one can explain how the cat got into the bag. But there is an old story about it.