云南省玉溪市2020届高三英语第二次质量检测试题（解析版）

云南省玉溪市2020届高三英语第二次质量检测试题（解析版）

2019~2020 学年玉溪市普通高中毕业生第二次教学质量检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在 答题卡上填写清楚。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3. 考试结束前，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分 120 分，考试用时 100 分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A While you’re grounded and social distancing, you can still travel the world through the pages of these novels whose setting is often the main character. Whether going back in time to Cartegna, Colombia in “Love in the Time of Cholera” or getting lost on a remote volcanic Russian peninsula in “Disappearing Earth”, these books will transport you all around the globe. 1 ‘Snow Falling on Cedars’ by David Guterson Puget Sound, Washington While San Piedro is a fictional island in the real life San Juan Islands off Washington, the location of this haunting mystery is believed to be based on Bainbridge Island, which is more to the south in Puget Sound. But for anyone who’s been to these Pacific Northwest islands and experienced their pine and cedar forests and quiet harbors, the book’s description of San Piedro rings true: “a brand of green beauty that inclined its residents toward the poetical.” 2. ‘Disappearing Earth’ by Julia Phillips Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia This detective fiction’s main character is Kamchatka, the remote Siberian peninsula full of unique characters who reveal the ethnic and cultural conflicts of the region, all connected by a crime. 3. ‘Love in the Time of Cholera’ by Gabriel Garcia Marquez Cartagena, Colombia Although the location of the book goes unnamed, it’s generally accepted that Marquez’s hometown was the inspiration for this story of unrequited love. The film adaptation was shot within the walls of the Old City. 4. ‘Florida’ by Lauren Groff Florida Storms, snakes, sinkholes and stories? Welcome to Florida. The fantastical tales in this collection span centuries, characters and towns, but all take place in the Sunshine State. You’ll be swept up in a wild hurricane of a ride with these lyrical stories of anger and love, loss and hope. 1. The text is especially helpful for those who ________. A. are fond of traveling B. are afraid of working C. are eager to read D. are happy to be grounded 2. Which of the following is an imaginary place? A. San Piedro. B. Puget Sound. C. San Juan Islands. D. Bainbridge Island. 3. Which book will you choose if you like the stories in the Sunshine State? A. Snow Falling on Cedars B. Disappearing Earth C. Love in the Time of Cholera D. Florida 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。通过读书，即便足不出户也能领略大千世界旖旎风光，文章向读者介绍了 几部能够让人读来如亲身游览各地风景的小说。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“While you’re grounded and social distancing, you can still travel the world through the pages of these novels whose setting is often the main character.”可知，本文 是推荐几本将故事环境作为主要特色的小说，最能吸引到的应该是阅读爱好者。故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“While San Piedro is a fictional island in the real life San Juan Islands off Washington”可知，San Piedro 是一个虚构的地点，符合题意。故选 A 项。 【3 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 第 二 句“The fantastical tales in this collection span centuries, characters and towns, but all take place in the Sunshine State.”可知，介绍这部小说的故事背景， 这里的 Sunshine State 就是指 Florida。故选 D 项。 B The moment I see a beautiful cloud while driving, taking in the colorful light during a sunset, or watching birds flying south, I begin to think what we are supposed to learn from nature and animals. Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished. As seasons change, we are guided to learn acceptance and non-resistance. A green leaf doesn’t resist turning red when autumn approaches. Trees don’t resist leaves falling when winter arrives. They stand deeply rooted in the ground, with their vulnerability out in the open and branches spread wide, giving up to the universe. Do what you will with me; I trust it is for my highest good. Who said that the bamboo is more beautiful than the maple tree and maple tree is more valuable than the bamboo? Does the bamboo feel jealous of the maple tree because it is bigger and its leaves change color? The idea of trees comparing themselves to others is ridiculous, as should humans comparing themselves to one another. We must compare our growth to who we were yesterday not to the growth of another. Everyone is incomparably unique. The community of bees and ants all participate together to benefit all those in their community. We each have our own calling that is best performed by us. Each part is necessary for a functioning family, community, nation and world. Embrace your special responsibility, share it proudly with the world, and always do your best. Birds flying through the sky represent the limitless freedom and potential available to us if we release our fears. Taking off to fly for the first time can be scary and bring about feelings of fear. Without taking the risk of the first flight, we won’t find the internal freedom we desire. We must dare to take our feet off the ground, spread our wings and fly. 4. What does the underlined word “vulnerability” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Weakness. B. Possibility. C. Disability. D. Resistance. 5. What does the example of the bamboo and the maple tree indicate? A. We humans should learn from one another. B. There is no sense in comparing different plants. C. Everyone has his own quality and strengths. D. Each part is necessary for a functioning world. 6. What can we learn from bees and ants? A. Independence. B. Unity. C. Pride. D. Diligence. 7. Which is the main idea of this text? A. Acceptance and non-resistance are the law of nature., B. The bamboo is more beautiful than the maple tree. C. Animals’ way of living has changed human’s life. D. Humans can learn from nature and animals. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。人类本就是自然的一部分，作者联系对于大自然的观察，将一些向自然学 习得来的哲理娓娓道来。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“They stand deeply rooted in the ground, with their vulnerability out in the open and branches spread wide, giving up to the universe.”可知，这里写的是树木的特 点，out in the open 与 deeply rooted in the ground 形成对照，坚韧结实的根扎根于地下不见天日， 而脆弱娇嫩的茎叶则露在外面。weak 置于此处应该是最符合文意的。故选 A 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“We must compare our growth to who we were yesterday not to the growth of another. Everyone is incomparably unique.”可知，通过竹子和枫树的比较，作者 想要表达的是，不要与他人攀比，每个人都是独特的。C 选项“每个人都有自己的品质和能力” 符合主题。故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Each part is necessary for a functioning family, community, nation and world.”可知，通过蚂蚁和蜜蜂的例子，作者想要表达的是，每个人在集体中都有 自己的定位，大家齐心协力才能让集体正常运行，B 选项 unity 意为“团结、联合”，符合主 题。故选 B 项。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章在第一句中就点明了“I begin to think what we are supposed to learn from nature and animals.”，作者就是想通过一些案例说明，人们可以从大自然中学习一些处事的哲 理，这就是本文的主题。故选 D 项。 【点睛】阅读理解中主旨大意题是重难点题型之一，也是区分度较大的题目，主要考查考生 对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对 某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。要解答好这类题目，提炼主题句是必须具备的 能力，一般在文章中主题句会有下列几种呈现形式：1.文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节 来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想中，这是最常见的一种类型；2.文末归纳要点、 印象、结论或结果，以概括主题；3.个别文章没有明确的主题句，或者说主题句隐含在全文中， 必须根据文章中提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑、综合分析，归纳成一般概念。本文属于在 开头就提出主题的类型，当然考生只要理解文章大意，也不难梳理出“向自然学习”这一主 题思想，继而在第 4 小题中做出正确选择。 C Latin and the works of Sophocles (索福克勒斯,诗人) are no longer the preserve of private schools thanks to a project that links professors with underprivileged teenagers. The new project between King’s College London (KCL) and Newham Sixth Form College in east London offering lessons in Classics to bright senior-three students is now in its second year. Students from disadvantaged backgrounds with high academic potential can attend the classes, which are designed to inspire and engage them in challenging topics that are often the preserve of private schools. Lecturers cover subjects including ancient literature, religion, theology, Persian history and philosophy. Some teenagers from neighbouring state schools also attend. The students act out Greek plays such as Antigone by Sophocles and are encouraged to consider Classics as a degree. Edith Hall, a Classics lecturer at KCL, said: “We wanted to enable the students from Newham to understand the richness and relevance of the classical world. They have a unique opportunity to engage with world-class lecturers,” Juned Malek,19,who is in his first year at KCL, was introduced to literature, theology, history and philosophy by the classical outreach program when he was at Newham. He now helps to run it. He said the program was “essential in making the myths that surround studying Classics disappear, namely that it is an elitist (精英) subject or that it has limited career opportunities”. The analytical skills that the degree develops are in high demand by employers, particularly investment banks and law firms. He said all schools should teach Classics to give a “basic introduction of historical principles passed down through millennia”, adding: “A limited classical education leaves you stuck in the constant present, lacking the ability to use the past as a frame of reference when making decisions.” 8. Why do the professors start the project? A. To control the study time. B. To help the underprivileged students. C. To help the talented students from KCL. D. To inspire and engage all students in challenging topics. 9. According to the text, who may attend the classes? A. A naughty student with no talent in study. B. A bright student with a talent for music. C. A clever student with disadvantaged background. D. A talented student with private school learning background. 10. According to the text, which is one of the benefits of studying Classics? A. Being admitted to the private school. B. Having limited career choices. C. Observing the life of the elitists. D. Having reference when making decisions. 11. Which section in a magazine is this text most likely from? A. Education. B. Technology. C. Business. D. Science. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伦敦国王学院和纽汉姆学院一起提供了一个项目，推出一系列 古典学课程，让背景普通的学生也有机会参与学习。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Students from disadvantaged backgrounds with high academic potential can attend the classes, which are designed to inspire and engage them in challenging topics that are often the preserve of private schools.”可知，策划这一项目的目的就是为了激励、吸引背景普通 但极具学习潜力的学生参与进来。故选 B 项。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Students from disadvantaged backgrounds with high academic potential can attend the classes, which are designed to inspire and engage them in challenging topics that are often the preserve of private schools.”可知，项目招收的目标群体就是背景不占优的优秀学生。 故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据全文最后一句“A limited classical education leaves you stuck in the constant present, lacking the ability to use the past as a frame of reference when making decisions.”可知，缺 乏古典学教育会使人在做决定时无法熟练使用过去作为参考框架，这正是学习古典学课程可 以弥补的，即其优势之一。故选 D 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。总览全文，同样也可以从最后一句话的 classical education 提炼出来，文章就是 围绕古典学教育教学这一主题展开的，应该归属于教育版块。故选 A 项。 D Authorities in China have approved a drug for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (早老性痴 呆), the first new medicine with the potential to treat the cognitive (认知的) disorder in 17 years. The seaweed-based drug, called Oligomannate, can be used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s, according to a statement from China’s drug safety agency. The approval is conditional however, meaning that while it can go on sale during additional clinical trials, it will be strictly monitored and could be withdrawn if any safety issues should arise. In September, the team behind the new drug, led by Geng Meiyu at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said they were inspired to look into seaweed due to the relatively low incidence of Alzheimer’s among people who consume it regularly. In a paper in the journal Cell Research, Geng’s team described how a sugar contained within seaweed prevents certain bacteria contained in the gut (肠子) which can cause neural decline and infection of the brain, leading to Alzheimer’s. This mechanism was confirmed during a clinical trial carried out by Green Valley, a Shanghai based pharmaceutical company that will be bringing the new drug to market. Conducted on 818 patients, the trial found that Oligomannate-which is got from brown algae (海藻)－can statistically improve cognitive function among people with Alzheimer’s in as little as four weeks, according to a statement from Green Valley. The company said Oligomannate will be available in China “very soon”, and it is currently seeking approval to market it abroad, with plans to launch third-phase clinical trials in the US and Europe in early 2020. 12. What can Oligomannate be used for? A. Curing the severe Alzheimer’s. B. Treating the minor Alzheimer’s. C. Killing all bacteria in the body. D. Treating all cognitive disorders. 13. What inspired the team to look into the seaweed? A. The praise from a patient with Alzheimer’s. B. An incident of brain infection in the laboratory. C. The approval for the seaweed research from the authorities. D. The low occurrence of the disease among people eating the seaweed. 14. What causes the Alzheimer’s? A. The brown algae. B The wound of the head. C. Some bacteria contained in the gut. D. A sugar contained within seaweed. 15. What is the company Green Valley’s attitude to the future of Oligomannate? A. Optimistic. B. Uncertain. C. Indifferent. D. Anxious. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中科院上海药物所研究员耿美玉带领团队研制出一种治疗阿尔 茨海默症新药，其机理是从海藻中提取出一种糖类调整肠道菌群从而提高患者的认知能力。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据地二段第一句“The seaweed-based drug, called Oligomannate, can be used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s, according to a statement from China’s drug safety agency.”可知，这种物质被用于治疗轻中度的早老性痴呆，而非 A 选项中的“治愈”。故选 B 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“said they were inspired to look into seaweed due to the relatively low incidence of Alzheimer’s among people who consume it regularly.”可知，之所以会 关注到海藻，就是因为数据显示经常食用海藻的人群早老性痴呆发病率相对较低。D 选项中 eating the seaweed 与原文 consume it 对应。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Geng’s team described how a sugar contained within seaweed prevents certain bacteria contained in the gut (肠子) which can cause neural decline and infection of the brain, leading to Alzheimer’s.”可知，是肠道中的菌群引起神经问题和大脑感染，从而导致早老性痴 呆。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The company said Oligomannate will be available in China “very soon”, and it is currently seeking approval to market it abroad, with plans to launch third-phase clinical trials in the US and Europe in early 2020.”可知，绿谷公司称药品即将在中国上市，且已 经在计划投往国外市场，可见对于其未来是比较看好、比较乐观的。故选 A 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Protecting Yourself Against COVID-19 You’re probably really worried about the COVID-19 virus, especially if there are confirmed cases near you. Fortunately, you can take action to protect yourself and your family from getting infected. 1. Wash your hands with soap and water to minimize your infection risk. The best way to prevent COVID-19 is to wash your hands as often as possible. Wet your hands with warm water. ____16____ And then rinse your hands clean under warm running water. 2. Keep your hands away from your eyes, nose, and mouth. ____17____ When this happens, the germs can stay on your hands, so you can easily infect yourself if you touch your face with dirty hands. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth in case the virus is on your skin. 3. ____18____ Since COVID-19 is a respiratory infection (呼吸道感染), coughing and sneezing are common symptoms. Additionally, coughing and sneezing both release the virus into the air, so they may increase your risk of infection. Keep your distance from people who appear to have symptoms of an upper respiratory infection. 4. Stay home as much as possible to distance yourself from other people. You’ve probably heard about “social distancing” or “physical distancing” which can help limit the spread of the virus.____19____ If you can, work or do your schoolwork at home, as well. Don’t go out to eat, hang out in bars, or participate in recreational activities, like going to the movies. 5. Wear a mask to cover your nose and mouth when in public. The WHO recommends even healthy people wear cloth coverings when expecting to encounter others in public, like when you are going to the grocery store or using public transportation. “____20____”,experts also warn. A. Ask the person to stay away from you. B. Wash them with soap for 20-30 seconds. C. Always wash your hands before you eat or drink anything. D. Face coverings are NOT a replacement for social distancing! E. Distance yourself from people who are coughing or sneezing. F. Only get out for necessities, like buying necessary groceries or going to work. G. You may come into contact with corona virus on a surface, like a doorknob or countertop. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。文章就目前肆虐全球的新冠疫情，向读者们介绍了一些日常的防护措施。 【16 题详解】 第一部分的主题是勤洗手。前句是用温水打湿手，后句则是再次冲洗干净，不难理解这里是 描述洗手的流程。B 选项“用肥皂清洗 20-30 秒”符合流程。故选 B 项。 【17 题详解】 第二部分的主题是避免用手接触口鼻和眼睛。后句提到“当这样做时，病菌会留在你手上”， 而 G 选项“你可能通过触摸某些物体表面接触新冠病毒”与后文连贯。故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 梳理第三部分的内容，主要讲述了新冠病毒属于呼吸道感染，常见症状是咳嗽和打喷嚏，要 与有此类症状的人保持距离。E 选项“和打喷嚏、咳嗽的人保持距离”符合文段主题。故选 E 项。 【19 题详解】 第四部分的主题是尽可能保持居家，不外出不与外人接触。空白前句提到保持社交距离、身 体距离的概念，后句表示如果可以的话也要在家里上班上课。F 选项“只在必要的时候外出， 比如买必需品或上班”承上启下，符合文意。故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 第五部分的主题是在公共场合佩戴口罩。空白前句提到世卫组织推荐即使健康的人也要在外 出时戴口罩，空白处是“专家也警告说”的内容，D 选项“戴口罩不等于不用保持社交距离！” 符合段落主题。故选 D 项。 【点睛】七选五题型主要考查考生对文章的整体理解和掌握情况，相当于阅读理解和完形填 空的综合。它不仅需要阅读速度，还要对文章的结构、主旨、写作意图、观点都有所了解。 主要考点包括：1.考查主题句，也就是考查对文章整体内容的概括能力；2 考查上下文衔接， 即考查文章的过渡部分；3 考查中心句，需要考生学会归纳段落大意。拿到题目时，应该先确 定出题位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落 中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。针对不同设空位置选择 不同的策略就能事半功倍。第 4 小题属于缺少主题句的设空类型，归纳段落大意时一定不会 忽视“coughing and sneezing”这个字眼，据此就可以做出正确判断。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together. They had announced her plane’s ____21____ and he said, “I love you. I wish you ____22____.” They kissed good-bye and she left. He walked over to where I was seated. I could see he wanted to ____23____.I tried not to ____24____ him, but he welcomed me in by asking, “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be forever?” “Yes, I have,” I ____25____. Saying that brought back ____26____ I had of expressing my ____27____ and appreciation for all my Dad had done for me. Knowing his days were____28____,I took the time to tell him how much he ____29____ to me. So I knew what this man was experiencing. “Forgive me for asking, but why is this a(n) ____30____ good-bye?” I asked. “I am old and she lives too far away. I have challenges ahead and her next trip back will be for my ____31____,” he said ____32____. “I heard you say,” I wish you enough. “May I ask what that means?” He began to smile. “That’s a wish ____33____ from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He ____34____ into the air as if trying to remember it in ____35____. “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we ____36____ the other person to have a life filled with enough good things,” then he shared the following as if he were ____37____ it from memory. “I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude ____38____. I wish you enough ____39____ to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest ____40____ in life appear much bigger. I wish enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Good-bye’.” He then began to sob and walked away. 21. A. arrival B. departure C. accident D. delay 22. A. enough B. happiness C. luck D. success 23. A. shout B. laugh C. cry D. fly 24. A. interrupt B. meet C. invite D. disturb 25. A. added B. replied C. thought D. promised 26. A. words B. gifts C. memories D. stories 27. A. anger B. regret C. love D. sorrow 28. A. numbered B. wasted C. lost D. spent 29. A. turned B. spoke C. gave D. meant 30. A. instant B. forever C. unforgettable D. disappointing 31. A. funeral B. birthday C. anniversary D. wedding 32. A. loudly B. happily C. sadly D. calmly 33. A. taken up B. taken down C. given away D. handed down 34. A. looked down B. looked up C. looked around D. looked forward 35. A. detail B. surprise. C. trouble D. silence 36. A. forced B. wanted C. encouraged D. persuaded 37. A. reciting B. singing C. reaching D. painting 38. A. different B. right C. negative D. bright 39. A. sky B. storm C. light D. rain 40. A. results B. hardships C. joys D. failures 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. D 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对父女在机场告别，这位父亲告诉作者这是一次永别，他觉 得自己活不到下次与女儿见面了，并解释了他在告别时说的“I wish you enough”的含义。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们谈到了她的航班要出发了。A. arrival 到达；B. departure 离开， 出发；C. accident 事故；D. delay 延迟。从下文中“They kissed good-bye and she left”可知， 这对父女是在告别，女儿要乘航班离开。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爱你。祝你充实富足。A. enough 很多，充足；B. happiness 快乐； C. luck 运气；D. success 成功。下文中多次出现“I wish you enough”呼应。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能看出来他想哭。A. shout 喊叫；B. laugh 大笑；C. cry 哭泣；D. fly 飞翔。结合下文内容分析，这位父亲觉得这次与女儿分别是永别了，所以应当是感到悲伤 难过的。故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽量不去打扰他，但他迎着我就问道。A. interrupt 打断；B. meet 相遇；C. invite 邀请；D. disturb 打扰。这位父亲沉浸在悲伤的情绪里，作者应该是不想打搅他。 故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，我说过。”我回答道。A. added 增加；B. replied 回应；C. thought 认为；D. promised 承诺。这里显然是对前面问句的回答。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到这里我想起了我曾表达过对我父亲为我所做一切的爱和感激。 A. words 话语；B. gifts 礼物；C. memories 回忆；D. stories 故事。本段是作者对自己父亲的一 些回忆。故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到这里我想起了我曾表达过对我父亲为我所做一切的爱和感激。 A. anger 愤怒；B. regret 后悔；C. love 爱；D. sorrow 悲伤。从下文与这对父女类似的经历的描 述中可知，作者在父亲最后的日子是非常不舍所以才表达爱和感激的。故选 C 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道他剩下的日子不多了，我花了很多时间来告诉他对我的重大 意义。A. numbered 使为数有限；B. wasted 浪费；C. lost 失去；D. spent 度过。结合下文作者 能理解这位父亲的意思，可见作者与自己的父亲也经历过永别，所以指的是时日不多了。故 选 A 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道他剩下的日子不多了，我花了很多时间来告诉他对我的重大 意义。A. turned 转变；B. spoke 讲话；C. gave 给予；D. meant 意味着。与 express love and peace 意义相近，应该是表达父亲对自己很重要。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：原谅我这么问，不过为什么说这是永别呢？A. instant 立刻的；B. forever 永远的；C. unforgettable 难忘的；D. disappointing 令人失望的。此处与前文出现的 forever 对应，文意上就指这位父亲觉得再也见不到女儿了。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还有很多坎儿要迈，下次她回家就是参加我的葬礼了。A. funeral 葬礼；B. birthday 生日；C. anniversary 周年纪念日；D. wedding 婚礼。既然是永别，那就是说 不可能再活着相见了。故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他悲伤地说着。A. loudly 响亮地；B. happily 高兴地；C. sadly 悲伤 地；D. calmly 冷静地。以人之常情猜度，说自己的葬礼这种话时一定是很难过的。故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一个从上一代传下来的祝愿。A. taken up 拿起，占据；B. taken down 拆除，写下；C. given away 捐赠；D. handed down 把……传下去。下文中谈到了这位父 亲的父母也给过他这样的祝福，也就是一种家族传承。故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他仰头看着天空就像在努力回忆其中的细节。A. looked down 向下 看；B. looked up 向上看；C. looked around 环顾四周；D. looked forward 向前看。这里搭配 into the air 结合生活经验不难推断，在回忆往事时一般都是向上看的。故选 B 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仰头看着天空就像在努力回忆其中的细节。A. detail 细节；B. surprise 惊喜；C. trouble 麻烦；D. silence 沉默。既然是在回忆，而且“trying to”是在努力去 做的，应该是在回忆细节。故选 A 项。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们是想让对方的生活充满美好的事物。A. forced 强迫；B. wanted 想要；C. encouraged 鼓励；D. persuaded 劝说。空白处要填的词应该与 wish 含义相同或相近， 只能是 want“想要”。故选 B 项。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他又分享了接下来的事情，好像是在背诵自己记忆一样。A. reciting 背诵；B. singing 歌唱；C. reaching 到达；D. painting 画画。与回忆搭配，表现这位父 亲讲述往事的过程，最形象的描述应该是 recite“背诵”。故选 A 项。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我祝你拥有充足的阳光，让你心中明亮。A. different 不同的；B. right 正确的；C. negative 消极的；D. bright 明亮的。既然是与 sun 搭配，应该是表达“阳光向 上”的愿望，用 bright 是最合适的。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祝你拥有充足的雨雪，好让你感激阳光。A. sky 天空；B. storm 风暴；C. light 光明；D. rain 雨水。分析句子可知，这里祝福的目的是“更加感谢阳光”，容 易想到“经历了风雨才懂得珍惜阳光”。故选 D 项。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我祝你遭受充足的痛苦，这样生活中微不足道的幸福也会变得弥 足珍贵。A. results 结果；B. hardships 困难；C. joys 乐趣；D. failures 失败。这里与前句“风雨 和阳光”的说法类似，都强调“体会过不好的东西，才能发现、在意好的东西”，所以选择 与 pain 意义相反的 joys。故选 C 项。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was founded, ___41___ number of people living in urban areas accounted for only about 10 percent of the total ___42___ (populate). China is today home ____43____ more than half of the skyscrapers in the world. Of these, 680 are more than 200 meters tall. In addition,310 skyscrapers ____44____ (add) in the country since 2015.In contrast, only 33 new skyscrapers were built in the United States during the same period. One of the best-known examples of skyscrapers in China is the Shanghai Tower, the nation’s ____45____ （tall)and world’s second highest building. ___46___ (stand) in the heart of Lujiazui, the 132-story building has 575,000 square meters of space ____47____ can accommodate up to 40,000 people. The 114 ___48___ (elevator) running inside the building have been arranged like metro lines, heading to different floors and at different speeds. “What we want to achieve and demonstrate to developers and designers of skyscrapers around the world is ___49___ we can make living and working in ___50___ (high)populated cities more efficient, energy-saving and fun through skyscrapers,” says Ge Qing, chief engineer and architect of the building. As the first skyscraper in China that is more than 600 meters tall, the Shanghai Tower has the highest recognition of the energy and resource efficiency of a building. 【答案】41. the 42. population 43. to 44. have been added 45. tallest 46. Standing 47. which/that 48. elevators 49. how/that 50. highly 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新中国成立以来，城市化进程加快，许多摩天大楼拔地而起， 并向读者介绍了中国最高建筑——上海中心大厦。 【41 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：城镇人口只约占全国总人口的百分之十。这里要表达的是城镇人口的数量， 要用 the number of 表示“……的数量”。故填 the。 【42 题详解】 考查名词。句意：城镇人口只约占全国总人口的百分之十。分析句子结构可知，the total 和空 白处共同组成 of 的宾语，需要一个名词。故填 population。 【43 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：今天世界上有超过一半的摩天大楼都在中国。be home to 意为“是…… 的家，是……的所在地”，要表达的是世界上超过一半的摩天大楼都在中国。故填 to。 【44 题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：此外，310 座摩天大楼自 2015 年起就被加入了中国。分析句子可知， 谓语动词 add 与主语 skyscrapers 之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；再根据时间状语 since 2015 可知，动作从过去开始并持续到现在，要用现在完成时。故填 have been added。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：全国最高的建筑，也是世界第二高建筑。这里与后句“世界第二 高” 并列不难推断是要表示中国最高，要用形容词最高级形式。故填 tallest。 【46 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：矗立在陆家嘴中心地带。分析句子结构可知，stand in the heart of Lujiazui 作后句的状语，非谓语动词 stand 与主语 the building 之间是主动关系，要用现在分词 形式。故填 Standing。 【47 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这座 132 层的建筑面积达到 575000 平方米，能容纳最多 40000 人。分 析句子结构可知，前句结构完整，后句缺少主语，考虑定语从句，先行词为 space，事物属性， 无特殊情况可用 which 或 that。故填 which/that。 【48 题详解】 考查名词。句意：建筑内运行的 114 台电梯像地铁线一样，不同的电梯可抵达不同的楼层，速 度也有所差异。分析句子可知，elevator 是可数名词，其前面有表示数量的 114，要用复数形 式。故填 elevators。 【49 题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：我们想完成和展示给全世界摩天大楼的开发者、设计者们看的是， 我们（如何）通过摩天大楼让生活和工作在人口密集的大城市里变得更加高效、节能且愉快。 分析句子结构可知，空白和其后句子置于 be 动词后作表语从句，本身是不缺成分的。可以直 接看作“要完成和展示”的内容，此时要用 that 引导；也可以看作需要一个表方式方法的 how， 表达“我们是如何能使其实现的”，此时可用 how 引导。故填 how/that。 【50 题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们想完成和展示给全世界摩天大楼的开发者、设计者们看的是，我们（如 何）通过摩天大楼让生活和工作在人口密集的大城市里变得更加高效、节能且愉快。分析句 子结构可知，high 在句中修饰 populated，表达“人口稠密”，要用副词形式。故填 highly。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从 11 处起）不计分。 With our activity approach, I’m now writing to invite you to join us. Here are some detail about it. The activity will be organized to a farm from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. the next Sunday. What we had to do is to gather together at the school gate at 8:30 a.m. We are expected to pay a visit to the farm first. After that we will enjoy picking vegetables by ourself. We also have the opportunity to look after animals for a while, without that I will be disappointing because of my passion for animals. Knowing that you’re really into nature, I believe you will definite have a good time. 【答案】1.approach→approaching 2.detail→details 3.to→on 4.去掉 the 5.had→have 6.ourself→ourselves 7.that→which 8.disappointing→disappointed 9.definite→definitely 10.在 appreciate 和 if 中间加上 it 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。作者写信邀请一位朋友参加活动，并向其介绍了活动的安排和内容。 【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的活动快开始了，我现在写信邀请你参加。分析句 子结构可知，with our activity approach 作后句的状语，其中 activity 与非谓语动词 approach 之 间是主动关系（活动接近了），要用现在分词形式。故将 approach 改为 approaching。 2. 考查名词。句意：这里是一些活动的详情。detail 意为“详情、资料”时是可数名词，此时 置于 some 之后要用复数形式。故将 detail 改为 details。 3. 考查介词。句意：活动将会被组织在一个农场，从下周日的早上 9 点到下午两点。分析句 意可知，这里要表示活动的地点，用地点状语表示“在一个农场”要用 on a farm。故将 to 改 为 on。 4. 考查冠词。句意：活动将会被组织在一个农场，从下周日的早上 9 点到下午两点。表示星 期的名词前是不用冠词的。故去掉 the。 5. 考查时态。句意：我们要做的就是早上八点半在校门口集合。结合语境可知，这里是在讲 述未来的活动安排，时态上使用一般现在时或一般将来时。故将 had 改为 have。 6. 考查代词。句意：之后我们会体验单独采摘蔬菜的乐趣。这里使用反身代词指代的是“我 们自己”，要用复数形式。故将 ourself 改为 ourselves。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：错过这个机会我会很失望的，因为我很喜欢动物。分析句子结构可 知，这里是使用“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句，该结构中关系代词是不能用 that 的，先 行词 opportunity 是事物属性，要用 which。故将 that 改为 which。 8. 考查形容词。句意：错过这个机会我会很失望的，因为我很喜欢动物。这里表达的是作者 主观上“感到失望的”，要用 disappointed，而 disappointing 则强调事物给人的客观感受，意 为“令人失望的”。故将 disappointing 改为 disappointed。 9. 考查副词。句意：我知道你很喜欢大自然，相信你绝对会玩得很开心的。分析句子结构可 知，definite 修饰谓语动词 have，要用副词形式。故将 definite 改为 definitely。 10. 考查形式宾语。句意：如果你能来参加活动我会非常感激的。分析句子结构可知，if 引导 的从句内容就是 appreciate 的宾语，符合“动词+it+when(if)+从句”的特殊形式宾语结构。故 在 appreciate 和 if 中间加上 it。 I would appreciate if you could participate in the activity. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友 Tom 打算今年暑假到你市某高校进行一个月的游学。出 发前他向你了解更多相关信息，请你给他回信。内容包括： 1. 欢迎他的到来； 2. 课程介绍； 3. 费用、住宿及其它。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I am so delighted to hear that you plan to come to our city for one month's study this summer vacation. The university you plan to study in is one of the best in China. As far as I know, the university provides a variety of courses for foreigners, such as Chinese culture, Chinese history, and Chinese painting. Each course will be organized in small classes and given by famous lecturers. You can choose your favourite from those courses. The fees are not very high, only $2, 000 for each course, including free lunch and accommodation on campus. Two free cultural visits will be arranged. Once you have made your decision please let me know. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信，向外国朋友介绍高校课程的相关情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1. 欢迎到来（Welcome） 2. 课程相关 1）课程内容（the content of courses） 2）费用、住宿和其他（other things in detail） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） summer vacation；welcome；as far as I know；look forward to；fee；accommodation；introduction； arrange 第三步：连词成句 1. Glad to hear that you will come to our city this summer vacation. 2. Welcome to have one month’s study here. 3. Let me introduce some information about the courses. 4. The university provides a variety of courses for foreigners. 5. The fees of courses are not very high. 6. Look forward to your coming. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了 较多主从复合句，如：The university you plan to study in is one of the best in China 这句话运用了 that 引导的定语从句（省略 that）；I am so delighted to hear that you plan to come to our city for one month's study this summer vacation 这句话运用了 that 引导的宾语从句。另外，文章对于被动语 态使用得比较合理熟练，彰显了较高的英语表达水平。