江苏省徐州市2020届高三考前最后一卷英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省徐州市2020届高三考前最后一卷英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 江苏省徐州市 2019~2020 学年度高三年级考前最后一卷 英语试题 （考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：120 分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在 本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 20 分) 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the man want to leave? A. The service is too slow. B. The food is bad. C. The music is too loud. 2. What does the woman do? A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A shop assistant. 3. What has the man decided to do? A. Continue his talk with Mr Black. B. Go to see an engineer. C. Check the schedule. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. On a bus. B. In a library. C. In a shop. 5. How did the man feel about his jump in the end? - 2 - A. Terrified. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. An accident. C. A magazine. 7. Why is The Sunflower closed now? A. It will move to another town. B. The workers are on holiday. C. It is under repair. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What do we know about Mr Bannister? A. He lacks experience. B. He worked on a trade deal last year. C. He is a new member of the company. 9. Who do the speakers think is suitable for the position in the end? A. Amelia. B. Mr Duncan. C. Mrs Templeton. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking. B. Watching TV. - 3 - C. Doing shopping. 11. What does the man like best? A. Ice cream. B. Milk. C. Cheese. 12. When does the conversation take place? A. At noon. B. In the late afternoon. C. At night. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Who gave the woman her first mountain bike? A. Her father. B. Her uncle. C. Her brother. 14. Why did the woman slow down at one point in the Regional Championship? A. The road was full of rocks. B. She was too tired to speed up. C. Someone appeared on the road suddenly. 15. What does the woman think is the most important before a race? A. Making sure the bike is in good condition. B. Looking at the route in advance. C. Doing sports to keep fit. 16. What does the woman say about the clothes for a race? A. They’re comfortable. B. They’re pretty. C. They’re tight. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. When does the Business Studies course start? A. On June 5th. B. On June 12th. - 4 - C. On July 11th. 18. What can the students bring with them during the course? A. Business videos. B. Notebook computers. C. Mobile phones. 19. Where is the Business Studies Department? A. Next to the staff car park. B. On the left side of the Science Center. C. Beside the main entrance of the college. 20. What language classes are provided this summer? A. Japanese and German. B. French and Chinese. C. Italian and Spanish. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work. A. goes back on B. takes away from C. makes up for D. catches up with 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline 没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不 足。goes back on 违背；takes away from 从……拿走；makes up for 弥补；catches up with 赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选 C。 2.______the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资，而且要求减少劳动时间。 - 5 - 此处后面的 but also 被省略，not only 引导的句子置于句首时，需部分倒装。把助动词 do 放在主语 the nurses 的前面，故选 D。 【知识拓展】not only.., but also 连接并列分句且置于句首时前倒后不倒，但连接并列主 语时不倒装。 Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn't done a very good repair job either. 修车厂不仅对我超额收费，而且维修工作还很差。 Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅帮助人们寻找工作。而且也将提供医疗给那些需 要的人。 考点：考查倒装句。 3.Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close. A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：除非找到一些额外的钱，否则，剧院就倒闭了。根 据主句的将来时态可知，状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为 find 和 money 之间是 被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选 C。 【点睛】本题考查一般现在时表将来和被动语态。Unless 引导条件状语从句。表示让步、相 似、比例的从句也必须用一般现在时表将来：You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 除非你早点动身，否则你就不能及时赶到那儿。I’ll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。Whatever you say, I won’t pay. 无论 你说什么，我都不会付钱。Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 无论我们帮他与 否，他都会失败。The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。 考生要注意归纳总结。 4. --- Jack, I’d like to have your opinions about my written report. --- _______. But I have one suggestion. - 6 - A. That’s a good idea B. You are too modest C. It looks fine to me D. You should check it first 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。——杰克，我想听听你对我的书面报告的意见。——我觉得挺好的。 但我有一个建议。A. That’s a good idea 那是个好主意；B. You are too modest 你太谦 虚了；C. It looks fine to me 我觉得挺好的；D. You should check it first 你应该先检 查一下。对方请 Jack 就一份书面报告说说自己的看法，回答在肯定之后提出建议，符合得体 交际。故选 C。 5.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea _____________ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities. A. when B. why C. that D. how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：——迈克做出了放弃耶鲁大学的邀约是真的吗？——是的， 但是我不知道他为什么这么做，那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A 项表“时间”，D 项表“方式”， 均不合题意。have no idea =“not” know，后面的从句应该表示“疑问”，排除表“确定 事实”的 C 项。故本题选择 B 项。why 表示“原因”，引导同位语从句解释说明 idea。Mike 放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。故选 B。 6. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _______ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态的语境运用。句意：詹姆斯刚到，但我直到昨天才知道他要来。“我” 此前不知道 James 要来，本题中“不知道”的是一个尚未发生的动作，排除 C、D 两项。didn’t know 要求后接表示“过去将来”的动词，排除 A 项。故 B 项正确。 7. I can't tell you____ way to the Wilson's because we don't have _____Wilson here - 7 - in the village. A. a; / B. the; a C. a; the D. the; / 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家的路，因为我们村没有一个叫威尔逊的 人。the way to 去的路，这里特指去威尔逊家的路，用定冠词 the，排除 A、C；第二空泛指 一个叫威尔逊的人，应该用不定冠词，a Wilson 一个叫威尔逊的人，排除 D，故选 B。 8. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired. A. can’t B. dare not C. needn’t D. may not 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：我已经点了一些披萨，所以我们回家累了就不用 担心做饭了。A. can’t 表示“无能力”；B. dare not 表示“无勇气”；C. needn’t 意为 “无必要”；D. may not 表示“推断”。 因为买了比萨饼，无必要担心回家后疲劳还要做饭。 故选择 C 项。 9.By now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected. A. that B. which C. who D. it 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩 子募捐到了五万英镑，这一点是完全没有预料到的。本句中的关系代词 which 指代前面主句 的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。that 不能引导非限制性定语从句；who 的先行词必须是人；it 不能引导定语从句。故 B 正确。 10.As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can ______concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. A. catch sight of B. get hold of C. take charge of D. make mention of - 8 - 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的一切， 并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会。A.catch sight of 看见；B. Get hold of 找到某物以供使 用；C.Take charge of 控制；D.make mention of 提到。根据 takes every opportunity to improve herself.可知，，她阅读能够找到的关于音乐的一切，并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会。故选 B。 【点睛】本题考查短语词义辨析及语境理解。选项是动词+名词+of 的结构。还有一些类似结 构，如：get the best of 胜过 make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理；get the better of 打败；take care of 照顾，照料；take the place of 代替，考生平时要多积累多总结。 11. —Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes? — Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook. A. feature B. plan C. cost D. trick 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。——你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的窍门吗?——好吧，我只是 按照食谱上的指示做。A. feature 特征；B. plan 计划；C. cost 花费；D. trick 诀窍。这 里指“做这么好吃蛋糕的诀窍”。所以选 D。 【点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。由后文的回答可以推断本题答 案，“我只是按照食谱上说明书（做蛋糕）”，那么前面问的肯定是“你做蛋糕有啥技巧呀？” 再根据初步判断去看选项，B、C 可以排除，A 和 D 可能拿捏不准，尤其是 D,考生可能会想到 play tricks 认为是“把戏”的意思，就错选成 A 了。但是 A 仅仅有“特征”之意，D 在此由 “把戏”被转化为“技巧”，类似于 tips，考生一定要注重转化意，这也是近年高考的趋势。 12.(2014·江西)It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. A. that B. as C. which D. when 【答案】D - 9 - 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：我父亲半夜叫醒我，告诉我去看足球比赛。 my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.是一个定语从句，修饰 先行词 the middle of the night，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词 when。故选 D。 13.I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. A. as B. why C. when D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的 那一天。先行词是 the day，后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词 when 在句中 做时间状语，同时引导这个定语从句。故 C 正确。 14. —Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now? —Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。——莉迪亚，我们班主任刚才说什么了?——要求每个男孩和女孩以 及带队的老师在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词，这个定语从句 的先行词是 the teachers，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动词，句子的 主语是 Every boy and every girl，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。因为 every/each/no+单数 名词+ every/each/no 做主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。故 C 正确。 15.The sun is bigger than the moon , ___ we all know it. A. and B. as C. which D. it 【答案】A 【解析】 - 10 - 【分析】 这是一道单项选择题。 【详解】考查连词的辨析。句意：太阳比月亮要大，这我们都知道。A. and 而且；B. as 当……； C. which 哪一个，引导定语从句；D. it 它，引导形式主语或宾语。根据句意分析可以知道 此处的从句里面的 it 指的就是前面的句子所说的事情，因此表示与前面的主句是并列关系。 故选 A。 第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Canadian smart－phone maker Research In Motion(RIM), which makes the BlackBerry, says it's back. The company is ___16___ to reclaim a market it once dominated by ___17___ two new devices. The last few years have been a painful time for the company as customers deserted its platform in ___18___ of newer and more ___19___ devices. This may be the company's last chance to ___20___ a vital player in an increasingly crowded market place. Two brand new devices are perhaps a fresh ___21___ for a company that has seen its global market share ___22___ from 20 percent three years ago to just over 3 percent today. For BlackBerry CEO Thorsten Heins, it's another chance to remake a faded ___23___. “We have ___24___ been on a journey of transformation, not only a journey to transform our business and our brand, ____25____ one that I truly ____26____ transforms mobile communications into true mobile computing，” he said. The company promises the same ____27____ level of network security the BlackBerry is known for, ____28____ a fast new browser and a more intuitive operating system. The Z10 ____29____ much like the touch－screen phones popularized by its competitors(竞争者), but the Q10 maintains the “qwerty” keyboard that has become BlackBerry's trademark. Besides the technical and cosmetic(外观上的) updates, Heins says the company will no longer be called RIM or Research In Motion. “Our customers use a BlackBerry, our ____30____ work for BlackBerry and our - 11 - shareholders are owners of BlackBerry. From today on, we are BlackBerry ____31____ in the world，” he said. Shareholders will be watching if customers ____32____ the new devices. The company's stock has dropped as much as 90 percent in the last four years as it lost ____33____ to competitors. But company shares have doubled in the last four months as anticipation(预期) ____34____ for the new models. Analysts say the new devices could make or ____35____ a company, which many people praise for starting the technological revolution in smart－phones. 16. A. refusing B. trying C. urging D. pretending 17. A. introducing B. reviewing C. rejecting D. discovering 18. A. favor B. charge C. honor D. defense 19. A. popular B. expensive C. complicated D. familiar 20. A. replace B. react C. remain D. reset 21. A. record B. dilemma C. end D. start 22. A. lose B. increase C. rise D. fall 23. A. brand B. trade C. technique D. phone 24. A. specially B. definitely C. doubtfully D. essentially 25. A. and B. or C. but D. so 26. A. agree B. believe C. suspect D. deny 27. A. high B. average C. backward D. normal 28. A. except for B. regardless of C. despite D. along with 29. A. sounds B. smells C. looks D. finds 30. A. employees B. consumers C. relatives D. competitors 31. A. however B. whenever C. nowhere D. everywhere - 12 - 32. A. adapt B. adjust C. adopt D. advocate 33. A. land B. ground C. soil D. earth 34. A. dropped B. changed C. remained D. grew 35. A. desert B. abandon C. break D. deny 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黑莓手机重回手机市场以及对于回归的相关预期与展望。 【16 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司正试图通过推出两款新设备，重新夺回一度占据主导地位 的市场。A. refusing 拒绝；B. trying 尝试；试图；C. urging 催促；D. pretending 假装。 结合上文可知，公司现在的市场缩小了，所以试图（try）重新收回之前的市场。故选 B。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司正试图通过推出两款新设备，重新夺回一度占据主导地位 的市场。A. introducing 引进；B. reviewing 回顾；C. rejecting 拒绝；D. discovering 发现。结合文意可知，公司想要通过引进（introduce）新的设备重新占领市场。故选 A。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去几年对苹果公司来说是一段痛苦的时期，因为消费者放弃了 它的平台，转而购买更新、更受欢迎的设备。A. favor 喜欢；B. charge 收费；C. honor 尊 敬；D. defense 防卫。结合文意可知，顾客抛弃了他们的客户端，是因为喜欢（favor）更新 的设备。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去几年对苹果公司来说是一段痛苦的时期，因为消费者放弃 了它的平台，转而购买更新、更受欢迎的设备。A. popular 流行的；B. expensive 昂贵的； C. complicated 复杂的；D. familiar 熟悉的。结合文意可知，顾客喜欢的是更新更流行的 （popular）设备。故选 A。 【20 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也许是公司的最后在这个日益拥挤的市场上留有一席之地的机 会了。A. replace 代替；B. react 反应；C. remain 保持；保留；D. reset 重置。本句大意 - 13 - 为，这也许是公司的最后在这个日益拥挤的市场上留有（remain）一席之地的机会了。故选 C。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一家全球市场份额从三年前的 20%下降到今天的 3%多一点的 公司来说，两款全新的设备或许是一个新的开始。A. record 记录；B. dilemma 困境；C. end 结束；D. start 开始。结合文意可知，新设备的引入被看作是公司新的开始（start）。故选 D。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一家全球市场份额从三年前的 20%下降到今天的 3%多一点的 公司来说，两款全新的设备或许是一个新的开始。A. lose 失去；B. increase 增加；C. rise 上升；D. fall 下跌。结合句意可知，公司在全球市场的份额由百分之二十下跌（fall）到了 百分之三。故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对黑莓首席执行长海因斯(Thorsten Heins)来说，这是重塑一个 衰落品牌的又一个机会。A. brand 品牌；B. trade 贸易；C. technique 技术；D. phone 电 话。结合下文可知，这两项新的设备被看成是一个新的品牌。由此可以推断，对于他们来说， 这是一次新的机会来重塑品牌（brand）。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们无疑一直在进行一场变革之旅。A. specially 特别地；B. definitely 当然；毋庸置疑地；C. doubtfully 怀疑地；D. essentially 本质上。本句大意 为，毋庸置疑地（definitely），我们已经处于这种转化的旅途中了。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：这不仅是一场变革我们的业务和品牌的旅程，也是一场将移动通信转 变为真正移动计算的旅程。A. and 并且；B. or 或者；C. but 但是；D. so 因此。固定句式 not onlybut also 意为“不仅而且”，为固定搭配，also 可省略。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚信将移动通信转变为真正的移动计算。A. agree 同意；B. believe 相信；C. suspect 怀疑；D. deny 否定。结合下文可知，“我”始终相信（believe） 的东西就是，移动通信时代最终一定会进入移动计算时代。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公司对黑莓所著称的高水平的网络安全做出了同样的承诺。A. - 14 - high 高的；B. average 平均的；C. backward 向后的；D. normal 普通的。结合文意可知， 公司对黑莓所著称的高水平（high level）的网络安全做出了同样的承诺。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：伴随高水平的网络安全而来的是一个快速的浏览器和一个更直观 的操作系统。A. except for 除了；B. regardless of 不顾；C. apart from 除了；D. along with 伴随。根据语境可知，高水平的网络安全和一个快速的浏览器和一个更直观的操作系统 是相伴而来的。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Z10 看起来很像竞争对手普及的触摸屏手机，但 Q10 保留了 “qwerty”键盘，这已成为黑莓的商标。A. sounds 听起来；B. smells 闻起来；C. looks 看 起来；D. finds 找到。根据语境可知，Z10 看上去很像他的竞争对手推广的触屏手机。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的客户使用黑莓，我们的员工为黑莓工作，我们的股东是黑 莓的所有者。A. employees 员工；B. consumers 消费者；C. relatives 亲戚；D. competitors 竞争者。根据前后文可知，此处说的是我们的员工（employee）为黑莓工作。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查连接词辨析。句意：从今天起，我们将把黑莓手机推向世界各地。A. however 无论如何； B. whenever 无论何时；C. nowhere 无处；D. everywhere 到处。根据语境可知，我们要推广 黑莓，因此我们将把黑莓手机推向世界各地（everywhere）。故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：股东将会观察顾客是否会采用我们的新设备。A. adapt 适应；B. adjust 调整；C. adopt 采取；D. advocate 提倡。根据下文的 the new devices 可推断，股 东将会观察顾客是否会采用（adopt）我们的新设备。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司的股票在过去四年里下跌了 90%，因为它输给了竞争对手。 A. land 陆地；B. ground 平台；C. soil 土地；D. earth 地表。失去了股份，是因为失去了 与对手竞争的平台（ground）。故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着市场对新车型的预期增加，过去 4 个月，该公司股价已上 涨一倍。A. dropped 下降；B. changed 改变；C. remained 保持；D. grew 生长；增长。由 - 15 - 下文的 for the new models 可知，此处说的是新车型的预期增长（grow）水平。故选 D。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：分析人士表示，新设备可能成就一家公司，也可能毁掉这家公司。 许多人称赞这家公司开启了智能手机的技术革命。A. desert 遗弃；B. abandon 抛弃；C. break 打破；毁灭；D. deny 否认。根据语境可知，新的设备可以成就公司，同样也可以毁灭（break） 公司。故选 C。 第三部分 阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A E Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation. Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are some people happy and successful while others aren’t? To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters. - 16 - On the whole,Brooks’ story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’ attempt to translate his tale into science. 36. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________. A. illustrate where science can be applied B. demonstrate the value of Brooks’ new book C. remind the reader of the importance of science D. explain why many writers use science in their works 37. According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book? A. Its strong basis. B. Its convincing points. C. Its clear writing. D. Its memorable characters. 38. What is the author’s general attitude towards the book? A. Contradictory. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Critical. 39. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? A. Problems with the book. B. Brooks’s life experience. C. Death of the characters. D. Brooks’s translation skills. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. D 39. A 【解析】 本文是一篇书评，介绍了 David Brooks 的书 The Social Animal，并告诉我们在这本书中他 - 17 - 如何运用科学方面的知识来阐述他的故事，并指出这本书的优点和不足。 【36 题详解】 推理判断题。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力， 以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“…, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,… ”可知，作者认为写作思路清晰是这 本书的一大优势。故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段中的连接词“while”之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。 因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段中连接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此作 者紧接着应该还是在写这本的不足。故选 A 项。 【名师点睛】 推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法： 推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存， 推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面 文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文 章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达 的态度和观点。 一、常见的推理判断题的考法： 1)推测作者写作目的或意图。 2)推测文章的观点或结论。文章第 23 小题最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本书的优 势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选 D 项。 3)推断文章出处。 4)是非判断题。 5)逻辑排序题。 二、推理判断题的解题方法 ： - 18 - 推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己 的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵 义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考 问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文 章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的 结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。第 22 小题根据最后一段中“…, his writing is mostly clear and , to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,… ”可知作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。故选 C 项。24 小题文章最 后一段中连接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此作者紧接着应该还是在 写这本的不足。故选 A 项。 B What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods. “I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ‘‘anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea. - 19 - Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.” In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will.” 40. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“ ”. A. recipe B. substitute C. requirement D. challenge 41. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs? A. They are used daily. B. They are easy to grow. C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked. 42. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A. It can preserve their best flavor. B. It can promote her online sales. C. It can better her cooking skills. D. It can improve their nutrition. 43. What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand? A. The knowledge about good food. B. The way to live a grow-our-own life. C. The joy of getting in touch with foods. D. The responsibility to protect our earth 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. A 43. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。Loe 是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味 道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩 子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。 【40 题详解】 - 20 - 词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe 在那里所做的一切证明，一 个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选 C 项。 【41 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. ”可知香草很容易生长。故选 B 项。 【42 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植 的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选 A 项。 【43 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will” 可知 the bigger picture 指的是保护地球的责任。故选 D 项。 C The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples. First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny ballet（芭蕾）dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.” On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale（呼气）has a tendency to form an invisible（隐形的）cloud around your head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache. - 21 - Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat. “Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying －that’s why some people feel sick. “Within a couple of days truly terrible days for some－astronauts’ brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears. Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass’ That’s why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration（NASA）puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy. NASA is worried about two things: recovery time once astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars’ 44. What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space? A. Deciding on a proper sleep position. B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag. C. Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly. D. Finding a right time to go to sleep. 45. The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when . A. they circle around on their bikes B. they use microcomputers without a stop C. they exercise in one place for a long time D. they watch a movie while pedaling 46. Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because . A. their senses stop working B. they have to stand up straight C. they float out of their seats unexpectedly - 22 - D. their brains receive contradictory messages 47. One of NASA’s major concerns about astronauts is . A. how much exercise they do on the station B. how they can remain healthy for long in space C. whether they can recover after returning home D. whether they are able to go back to the station 【答案】44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 【解析】 试题分析：这是一篇说明文。本文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙：在太空睡觉时，对宇航 员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇 航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的 担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。 【44 题详解】 A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges.”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在 于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选 A 项。 【45 题详解】 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. …You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选 C 项。 【46 题详解】 D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your inner ear thinks you’re failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying-that’s why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选 D 项。 【47 题详解】 B 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy…NASA is worried about two things :… and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness…” 可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选 B 项。 【考点定位】说明文阅读 - 23 - D “I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat,”said the man at the petrol station.“Is it raining out there?”“No,it’s pretty nice,”I replied,checking my sleeve.“Oh,right.A pony(马驹)bit me earlier.” As it happened,the bite was virtually painless:more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child.The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor,and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him. The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a tourist-heavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods,despite signs asking them not to.By feeding the ponies,tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car,and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移). The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked,the baby ones can be stopped from feeding on their mothers’ milk,and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area.Some of them are also later sold,in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England. Three weeks ago,I witnessed a small near-disaster a few miles west of here.While walking,I noticed a pony roll over on his back.“Hello!”I said to him,assuming he was just rolling for fun,but he was very still and,as I got closer,I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily.I began to properly worry about him.Fortunately,I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo.The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony.The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks.The farmer freed him,and he began to run happily around again. Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies,who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area.Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies,and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的)future for one of Dartmoor’s most financially-troubled elements. 48. Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies? - 24 - A. To protect the tourists from being bitten. B. To keep the ponies off the petrol station. C. To avoid putting the ponies in danger. D. To prevent the ponies from fighting. 49. One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is______. A. to feed baby ponies on milk B. to control the number of ponies C. to expand the habitat for ponies D. to sell the ponies at a good price 50. What was the author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back? A. He freed it from the trap. B. He called a protection officer. C. He worried about it very much. D. He thought of it as being naughty. 【答案】48. C 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在海特关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱， 了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹所面临的困难。 【48 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car，and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift（迁移）.”通过喂养小马，游客增加它们让车撞了的风险，使它们每年的在区域里的 迁移期间更难聚集起来。可知，不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选 C 项。 【49 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up… Some of them are also later sold,in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.”小马驹迁移的目的是把它们聚集起来……其中一些后来也 被出售，以限制小马的数量。可知，马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选 B 项。 - 25 - 【50 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“While walking,I noticed a pony roll over on his back.“Hello!”I said to him,assuming he was just rolling for fun,”走着走着，我 注意到一匹小马翻了个身。我猜想他只是为了好玩才在地上滚来滚去。可知，当作者看到一 匹小马打滚时，他的第一反应是小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选 D 项。 【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从 原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会 明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文 章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第 1 题，根据第三 段的“By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car， and make them harder to gather during the area's annual pony drift（迁移）.”通过 喂养小马，游客增加它们让车撞了的风险，使它们每年的在区域里的迁移期间更难聚集起来。 可知，不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险中。故选 C 项。 第四部分 任务型阅读(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. Many of us invest valuable time，energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression. Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分)• Perhaps you’re planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days，and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important. - 26 - Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second，don’t spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions. 【答案】【小题 1】Vacations 【小题 2】performance 【小题 3】quality of sleep 【小题 4】attempt 【小题 5】worry 【小题 6】good flight deal 【小题 7】adding 【小题 8】rules 【小题 9】choice 【小题 10】shopping wisely 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。文章说明了度假虽然对我们有很多的好处，不过与此同时，我们在度假方面 也有许许多多的误区。因此，文章作者对我们如何度过快乐的假期给予我们几条实用的建议。 【详解】1.考查原词再现。文章多次出现 vacation 及 vacations，因此推断文章主要讲述如 - 27 - 何度过一个快乐的假期的建议。填写的时候注意首字母大写以及复数形式。故填 Vacations。 2.考查词性转换。根据第一段中的最后一句 Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.(假期帮助我们在工作中 表现得更好，提高我们的睡眠质量，减轻我们的抑郁)可以归纳出答案，在工作中更好的表现， 形容词 better 修饰名词，故填 performance。 3.考查词义归纳。根据第一段中的最后一句 Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression. (假期帮助我们在工作 中表现得更好，提高我们的睡眠质量，减轻我们的抑郁)可以归纳出答案，假期让我们有一个 提高了的睡眠质量。故填 quality of sleep。 4.考查词性转换。根据第二段中的 A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部 分).( 一个经典的度假规划师正在试图通过规划有太多组件的旅行来最大化金钱的价值)可 以归纳出答案，试图最大化钱的价值，原句的动词转换为名词。故填 attempt。 5.考查原词再现。根据文中第二段中 Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues(另一个错误是我们太担心策略问题)可以归纳出答案，过于担心下列问题。 故填 worry。 6.考查原词再现。根据第二段的最后 such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey.(比如如何 找到一个好的航班交易，如何从 a 到 b，或者从我们的旅程中添加或减去哪些目的地。)可以 得出答案，担心找到好的航班交易。故填 good flight deal。 7.考查词性转换。根据第二段的最后 such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey.由 add 转换 为 adding。故填 adding。 8.考查原词再现。根据第三段第一句 Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules.(事实上，假期快乐是基于以下顶级的规律。)可以归纳出答案。故填 rules。 9.考查词性转换。根据第三段中的 First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions.中有动 词 choose 转换为词组 make a choice，明智的选择旅游同伴。故填 choice。 10.考查词性转换。根据最后三段中 Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences - 28 - provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.由 shop wisely 转换为 shopping wisely。明智地购物，故填 shopping wisely。 第五部分 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52.请认真阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。 某英文杂志正在举办以“Fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动,请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题,写一篇英语短文。 内容包括: 1.采访的对象; 2.采访的原因; 3.想提的问题。 注意:1.词数 150 左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息; 4.短文的标题已给出,不计入总词数。 A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【答案】 A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview The famous person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei. I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it. If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained. I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is - 29 - such great fun as I have read. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题, 写一篇英语短文参加正在举办以“Fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法。 要求： 1.采访对象； 2.采访的原因； 3.想提的问题。 第二步：列提纲（重点短语） not only…but also ; a great deal; such…as 第三步：连词成句 1.he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. 2.I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it. 3.I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表示文章结构顺序：提出采访对象；阐明原因；细述想提问题。 2. 表示并列补充关系：not only…but also; such…as; Finally, 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如原因状语从句：I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also - 30 - one of the greatest astronauts in the world；虚拟语气： If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained；非限制性定语从 句：Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting…..等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。 - 31 -