江苏省徐州市第一中学2021届高三全国卷第一次适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省徐州市第一中学2021届高三全国卷第一次适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 徐州一中 2021 届新高考全国卷第一次适应性考试 英语 听力部分 注意事项： 1．本试卷共 2 页，包含第一节（第 1 题～第 5 题，共 7.5 分）和第二节（第 6 题～第 20 题， 共 22.5 分）两节。本卷满分 30 分，考试时间 22 分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡、 试卷和草稿纸的指定位置上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷或草稿纸上均无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation take place? A. At a store. B. At a gym. C. At home. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m looking for a plain blue sweater. W: How about this one? M: Yes, that’s nice. Could I try it on? W: Certainly. The fitting rooms are over there. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will David get to the club? - 2 - A. By car. B. By subway. C. By bike. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: David’s going to meet us at the club around six. M: Good. How will he get there? I don’t think driving is a good choice in the rush hour. W: David said he’ll take the underground. What about us? M: Let’s go by bike. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Jane studying? A. Biology. B. Chemistry. C. Calligraphy. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Jane, wait a second. I’m going with you. W: Okay. I’m going to Professor Wang’s calligraphy class. M: I know. It’s in the chemistry building, right? My biology class is in the same building. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man doing? A. Buying an air conditioner. B. Returning an air conditioner. C. Fixing an air conditioner. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Is there anything else you want? M: No, thank you. By the way, in case there’s a problem with this air conditioner, can I return it? W: Yes, but you must return it within thirty days. M: Thank you. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 - 3 - How does the woman probably feel? A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Puzzled. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Stop checking emails! We are in the middle of a vacation! M: Okay! One more minute and I’ll switch it off. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话和独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How many people will be travelling? A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. 7. When will the man leave for Seattle? A. This Wednesday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Wednesday. 【答案】6. C 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, Global Travel Agency. May I help you? M: Hello. Do you have a package tour to Seattle? If you do, how many days will it last? W: Yes, we do. Four days and three nights. It’s available every Monday and Wednesday. M: Please help me register two people for the tour for this Wednesday. W: I’m sorry. This Wednesday is already fully booked. It’s the travelling season, you know. Would you go for next week? M: Okay. Can I book it now? W: Yes, of course. Now, when will you start your holiday, Monday or Wednesday? M: Well, I’m teaching on Monday. So Wednesday, please. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 - 4 - 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Buying a present. B. Attending a concert. C. Planning a birthday party. 9. What will the speakers do later? A. See a movie. B. Read a novel. C. Meet up with Jane. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: I have been trying hard to choose a gift for Kate for her birthday. M: That’s been hard for me too. W: Would you like to go in with me and choose something together? M: Yes, two heads are better than one. So, what does Kate like doing? That might help us choose something. W: She seems to enjoy listening to music, reading novels, and going to the movies. M: Maybe we could get her a concert ticket. What do you think? W: That’s a good idea. But we don’t know what concert she likes. M: Jane can help us. She knows Kate very well. W: You’re right. Let’s see Jane this afternoon after class. M: Okay. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where is Lisa? A. Liverpool. B. London. C. Paris. 11. What kind of people does London Week need? A. Reporters. B. Sales representatives. C. Advertisers. 12. How much did Lisa earn monthly in her last job? A. 3 500 pounds. B. 3 000 pounds. C. 2 500 pounds. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, I think I found a job that might interest Lisa. Where is she? - 5 - W: She went to Liverpool visiting friends, I think. What is it? M: Well, it’s from London Week, which claims to be the only newspaper for visitors to London. W: What do they want, a reporter? M: No, it’s what they call a sales representative. W: Hmm. Could be interesting. How much does it pay? M: Not bad. Three thousand pounds a month. That’s five hundred pounds more than what she made in her last job. W: Not bad at all. Any requirement? M: Salespeople with no less than two years of experience, not necessarily in advertising. Lisa’s got plenty of that. W: Any other details about the job? M: No, just the paid trips to Paris on top of the salary. W: Well, let’s tell Lisa. She’ll be back tomorrow I expect. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Good friends. B. Fellow students. C. Roommates. 14. When did Sarah start college? A. A year ago. B. Three months ago. C. A week ago. 15. Why does Ricky want to move? A. He wants younger company. B. He wants to be nearer college. C. He doesn’t get along with the host family. 16. What will Ricky probably do next? A. Visit a teacher. B. Hang out with friends. C. Give John a phone call. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, I’m Sarah. - 6 - M: Hello, Sarah. My name’s Ricky. W: Hi Ricky. Are you a new student here? M: Yes, I just had my first lesson this morning. Are you a new student too? W: No. I’ve been here for a year. M: A year? That’s a long time. W: Yes, it is. I went through three months of language training after I first arrived in this college, and now I’m a psychology student here. Today I’ve come to visit my teacher in the language centre. How long have you been here? M: Only a week. W: Oh, not long. Where do you live, with a family? M: Yes, I’m staying with a retired couple at the moment. They’re very nice, but I’m looking for a new place where I can hang out with more people of my age. Do you know of any good places? W: Yes. Actually, my friend John has a spare room in his apartment. And he is looking for a roommate. Would you like his phone number? M: That would be great! Thanks for your help. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is the speaker? A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A coach. 18. When will the students leave for the museum? A. 6∶30. B. 7∶45. C. 8∶00. 19. What will the students do at 1∶15? A. See a film. B. Meet at a café. C. Visit a gallery. 20. Where can the students find more information? A. From teachers. B. From a website. C. From a book. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, everybody. Before we start the class today, I need to give you some information about our field trip on the 27th of May. As you know, we’re - 7 - spending the day at The Science Museum in London. A coach will pick us up in the school car park. We’ll leave at 8 o’clock, so plan to be there at least fifteen minutes before that, 7:45 at the latest. You’d better set your alarms for 6:30, okay? If you’ve visited The Science Museum before, you’ll know that it’s enormous, and we can’t possibly see everything in one day. The Welcome Wing has three galleries which deal only with contemporary science. We’re going to have a guided tour of one of them. We’ve ordered lunch at the café, so we’ll all meet up there at 12:30. And don’t be late. We have to go to the cinema at 1:15. I think that’s all for now. Oh, one last thing. Check out The Science Museum website before we go. The more you read about it, the more interesting the visit will be. 笔试部分 注意事项： 1．本试卷共 8 页，包含阅读（第 1 题～第 20 题，共 50 分）、语言运用（第 21 题～第 45 题， 共 30 分）、写作（共 40 分）三部分。本卷满分 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡、 试卷和草稿纸的指定位置上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水的 签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷或草稿纸上均无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Feeling down? Why not visit one of these four websites? Collegehumor.com This site was created in 1999 and gets about seven million visitor per month. Two of its videos have been chosen as winners for the Webby Awards: Pixar Intro Parody and Web Site Story. Other funny videos to looks out for include a debate on the advantages and disadvantages of going to college. - 8 - Funnyordie.com This site has lots of really funny videos And as the name suggests, users vote on videos, choosing the options “funny” or “die”. If the video receives too many “die” votes, it's sent to the site's “crypt”. But if it gets enough “funny” votes, it goes into the Hall of Fame. The site was crated in 2006 by comedians Will Ferrell and Adam McKay. The site’s first video. The Landlord has had over 70 million views Videos to watch out for include Just a Tip: Taxi, with some valuable advice on how to catch a taxi, and Over Analyzing Texts, with some tips on how to respond to text messages Reddit.com Founded in 2005, Reddit.com is a social news and entertainment website. Registered users put funny content in the form of the video link or texts on the website. Other users then vote these things “up” or “down”. The most recent and well-liked content appears at the top on the front page of the site. Theonion.com First appearing as a satirical newspaper in 1988, Theonion.com has hundred of videos and articles on news and current affairs, and receives an average of 7.5 million visitors a months. It’s famous for its amusing items, such as Michelle Obama Seen Outside Walking Family Rhinoceros or Dad Can’t Believe Lawn. 21. If you want to watch videos ever winning the Webby Awards, you can visit____________. A. Reddit. com B. Collegehumor. com C. Theonion.com D. Funnyordie.com 22. Videos on the website Funnyordie.com are __________. A. watched over 70 million times B. voted by their users C. based on newspaper stories D. created by users 23. What do Reddit.com and Theonion.com have in common? - 9 - A. They include funny videos B. They include valuable advice C. They include debates on education D. They provide satirical news 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲了当你心情低落的时候，可以访问文中推荐的四个网址。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Collegehumor.com 中 Two of its videos have been chosen as winners for the Webby Awards: Pixar Intro Parody and Web Site Story. Other funny videos to looks out for include a debate on the advantages and disadvantages of going to college. 可知，如果你想观看获得“威比奖”的视频，你可以访问 Collegehumor. Com。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Funnyordie.com 中 This site has lots of really funny videos And as the name suggests, users vote on videos, choosing the options “funny” or “die”. 可知，在 Funnyordie.com 网站上的视频是由用户投票选出的。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Reddit.com 中 Founded in 2005, Reddit.com is a social news and entertainment website. Registered users put funny content in the form of the video link or texts on the website.和 Theonion.com 中 It’s famous for its amusing items 可知，Reddit.com 和 Theonion.com 的共同之处是它们都包括有趣的视频。故选 A。 B On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy. Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During - 10 - his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪 印) of a lion from those of other animals. Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints. Each year, thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the＂big five＂; elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income. Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门 地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas. They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection. 24. How did Kasaine track lions? A. By working together with tourists. B. By running after them all the time. C. By going to school every day. D. By studying their paw prints. 25. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Maasai people are born animal lovers. B. Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife. C. Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection. D. Small animals are not included in their protection policy. 26. What does the underlined word ＂it＂in the last paragraph refer to? A. Kenya’s economic development. B. People’s leaving their original homes. - 11 - C. Kenya’s second-largest income source. D. Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Wildlife protection in Kenya B. Meeting a dangerous animal C. Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice D. Learning to live with lions 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 【解析】 本文是记叙文。这篇文章通过讲述 Kasaine 通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明 了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴， 并且支持野生动植物保护。 【24 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段 During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.可推知 Kasaine 通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子，选 D。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段 The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.可知肯尼亚从它的野生动植 物保护中受益很多，选 C。 【26 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段 But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas,可推 知"it”指的是人们离开他们最初的家，选 B。 【27 题详解】 主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述 Kasaine 通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了 肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴， 并且支持野生动植物保护，选 A。 C - 12 - Food storing is common in members of the crow（乌鸦）family. A new study tested the birds outside this naturally occurring behaviour, which may have evolved（进 化）specifically because it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could get it at their food after a gap of 17 hours—something we wouldn’t expect them to do naturally. But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items. In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token （礼品 券）from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food. Again, the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new behaviour. This is different from all of the previous studies in future planning, which have focused on naturally occurring behaviour. For example, we know that chimpanzees select, transport and save appropriate tools for future needs. These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future—but they left an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage, or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behaviour across various actions? Most critics would say the former, as the animals were tested in naturally occurring behaviours. But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behaviour that doesn’t typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some recognitive abilities in animals don’t evolve just in response to specific problems. Instead, it suggests that animals can apply these behaviours flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved. Then we might be able to see how crows’ ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers. 28. What’s the new finding about some crows according to Paragraph 1? A. They can store food. B. They can use tools to recover food. C. They can store and recover tools. D. They can select and store food. 29. What are crows trained by scientists to do when given a token? A. Reject it casually. B. Exchange it for food. - 13 - C. Save it as their food. D. Build a nest with it. 30. What do scientists think of the studies that animals can plan for the future? A. They are controversial. B. They are disappointing. C. They are contradictory. D. They are convincing. 31. What can be inferred about recognitive abilities in animals? A. They develop only with age. B. It is unclear how they’ve evolved now. C. No animals but crows benefit from them. D. Planning for the future helps their evolution. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乌鸦，谈论有关动物的进化。它们是怎样进化的目前还不清楚。 【28 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. 和 But they were able to instantly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.通过第一段可知对乌鸦的新发现是：他们可以存储和恢复工具。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 In another experiment, the researchers taught crows to select a token (礼品券) from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food.可知训练乌鸦用奖品劵来交换食物。故选Ｂ。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future-but they left an important question open for debate.( 这些研究表明，动物能 够规划未来——但它们留下了一个有待讨论的重要问题。)可推断，科学家们对动物可以为未 来计划的研究是有争议的。故选Ａ。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 We need to investigate how flexible behaviour evolved.(我 们需要研究灵活的行为是如何进化的。)可推断，它们是怎样进化的还不清楚。故选Ｂ。 D - 14 - A billionaire has recently made one of the biggest charitable（慈善的）donations to a university in China’s history. Chen Tianqiao donated $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help advanced brain research. The donation will be spent deepening the understanding of how the brain works. Chen has been interested to brain research, believing it can shape the industries such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussing among Chinese scholars and internet users alike. Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years. Rao Yi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake. Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared to Chinese research institutions. Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world. A similar controversial case started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students. Many believe that China is still behind in the management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese charity donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection, rather than envy. 32. Why did Chen’s donation draw criticism? A. It was not given to a Chinese university. B. It was one of the largest to Caltech. - 15 - C. It was not used efficiently in the USA. D. It was used in brain research. 33. What is the reason for some people in favor of Chen’s choice? A. The Chinese are just too envious B. The achievements will benefit the whole world C. Caltech is a university with a longer history D. The fund can help disadvantaged Chinese students 34. What is then author’s purpose to mention Pan Shiyi in the passage? A. To suggest the enthusiasm of the billionaires B. To show off generosity of the billionaires C. To inform Chinese students are poor at academy D. To stress the disagreement over donating abroad. 35. What does the author think of the Chinese universities should do to get more fund? A. explore artificial intelligence B. develop efficient systems C. grow fast and catch up with the US D. educate more honest graduates 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了一位亿万富翁给国外的一所大学捐赠了很多钱，这一举动 引起了人们的广泛议论。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段 Many criticized him for choosing to give money to a foreign university rather than home institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are on track to catch up with the US in just a few years.可知 Chen 的捐赠招来 了很多批评是因为他没有捐赠给中国的大学，故选 A。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段 In addition, the results of the research benefit not only the American people, but also the rest of the world.(此外，研究结果不仅有利于美国人民， 而且有利于世界其他国家。)可推知有些人支持 Chen 的选择是因为所取得的成就将会是全世 界人民受益，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 - 16 - 推理判断题。由倒数第二段 A similar controversial case started two years ago when Pan Shiyi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese students.( 两年前，SOHO 中国董事长潘石屹向哈佛大学捐赠了 1,500 万美元，以帮助处境不利的中国学生。)可推知作者提到 Pan Shiyi 的目的是强调给国外捐赠 的争论，故选 D。 【35 题详解】 细节理解题。由最后一段 In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. 可知作者认为中国的大学想要获得更多的资金，应该发展有效的体系，故选 B。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 How to keep yourself safe from new virus? After a new-type coronavirus was detected in viral pneumonia cases in Central China's Wuhan city three months ago, more cases have been reported in recent days. ___36___: 1. Wear masks outdoors ●Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected. ●Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin. ●___37___, a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others. 2. Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissue Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hands directly. 3. ___38___ Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds. ● Before eating and after using the toilet ● After returning home ● After touching trash or garbage - 17 - ● After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes 4. Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly ● Exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any infections. ● Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports. ___39___ ● Seek prompt medical attention if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory infection. ● Avoid close contact with people who have flu or cold-like symptoms. ●___40___. Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection. A. If your hands are not visibly dirty B. Eat thoroughly cooked meat and eggs C. Wash your hands frequently and properly D. Protect yourself and others from getting sick E. Wear a mask if transport or movement is necessary F. If you’re not feeling well or have symptoms of fever G. To prevent catching the infection, here’s what you can do 【答案】36. G 37. F 38. C 39. E 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何保护自己免受新病毒感染提出了四点建议。 【36 题详解】 本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要介绍了一些预防感染的建议，故 G 选项“为了防止感染，你可以这样做”符合上下文语境，故选 G。 【37 题详解】 根据后文 a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others.可知 为了防止细菌传染给他人，你也需要戴上口罩。由此可知，本句是在说明如果有不舒服或发 烧的症状，更要带上口罩，防止细菌传染给他人。故 F 选项“如果你感觉不舒服或有发烧的 症状”符合上下文语境，故选 F。 【38 题详解】 - 18 - 根据后文 Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds. 可知用肥皂和自来水彻底洗手至少 15 秒。由此可知，本部分是在说明洗手的问题。故 C 选项 “正确并且频繁地洗手”符合上下文语境，故选 C。 【39 题详解】 根据上文 Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports.可知确保共享空间有良好的 空气流通，避免去医院、火车站和机场等拥挤的地方。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明去 这些拥挤场所需要佩戴好口罩。故 E 选项“如有需要，应戴上口罩”符合上下文语境，故选 E。 【40 题详解】 根据后文 Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection. 可知避免接触没有任何保护的野生动物或饲养的牲畜。由此可知，本段是在说明一些食用和 接触动物的注意事项，如要吃彻底煮熟的肉和蛋。故 B 选项“吃彻底煮熟的肉和蛋”符合上 下文语境，故选 B。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am a worrier. I worry from the moment I wake to the moment I sleep. Around a year ago, I found my worries _______41_______ me down and down. I needed a way to reduce my _______42_______ and make them disappear. Then a brilliant idea occurred to me. Instead of worrying about whatever _______43_______ itself to my consciousness at any given moment, and unless I had a specific and urgent worry to deal with, I’d _______44_______ myself to worrying about imaginary gluons(物理学 胶子). This new system serve me quite well for a while _______45_______ the day of last month when the captain of the plane I was travelling on failed in his landing _______46_______ at Shannon Airport, because there was “a problem” with the landing gear(起落架). We _______47_______ for a while. Then the captain announced the issue still couldn’t be solved and that the crew would take us through the procedure for an emergency landing. Suddenly my mother’s voice was in my head：“In the _______48_______ of an - 19 - emergency, put your head between your legs and kiss your arse goodbye.” I laughed inwardly at my mother’s joke, and I wondered why I wasn’t _______49_______. I suddenly realized I was experiencing a complete and total absence of worry, as there was absolutely nothing I could do to _______50_______ the problem with the plane. As the runway rose to meet our plane’s _______51_______ underbelly and the firefighters race to meet us, I felt a strange and beautiful _______52_______. And as the plane landed perfectly—because, as it _______53_______, the problem was with a sensor and not with the landing gear—and people cheer and hugged one another, I realized I wasn’t a _______54_______ at all. The absence of worry I had just experienced was _______55_______ an absence of any possibility of control. So I’m a control freak, wanting to control everything. And now I’m terribly worried about that. 41. A. let B. put C. dragged D. calmed 42. A. fears B. hopes C. sorrows D. joys 43. A. committed B. presented C. contributed D. recommended 44. A. expose B. reduce C. attach D. restrict 45. A. since B. after C. before D. until 46. A. test B. rescue C. attempt D. adventure 47. A. circled B. dived C. swung D. taxied 48. A. wake B. course C. event D. light 49. A. thrilled B. amazed C. discouraged D. terrified 50. A. identify B. accept C. change D. explore 51. A. strange B. sick C. soft D. flat 52. A. excitement B. nervousness C. astonishment D. calmness 53. A. turned out B. brought out C. made out D. ruled out 54. A. fighter B. loser C. worrier D. - 20 - commander 55. A. actually B. strangely C. relatively D. naturally 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者曾经是一个忧心忡忡的人，总是担心一些无中生有的事情。后来他 做出了改变，在一次飞机事故中他始终都很镇定。最后他发现自己以前总是担忧是因为控制 欲太强。 【41 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年以前，我发现担忧把自己拖垮了。A. let 让；B. put 放 置；C. dragged 拖动；D. calmed 使平静。根据后文 me down and down 可知此处为动词短语 drag down 意为“拖垮”。故选 C。 【42 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要一种方法来减少我的恐惧，让它们消失。A. fears 恐惧；B. hopes 希望；C. sorrows 悲伤；D. joys 快乐。根据第一段“I am a worrier.”可知，作者 是爱担忧的人，总是充满了恐惧，所以作者需要一个方法减少自己的恐惧并让恐惧消失。故 选 A。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不去担忧那些在任何特定的时刻里自动呈现在自己的意识里的 事情，除非有特别具体的、紧急的、令人担忧的事情要处理，否则我会限制自己去担心那些 想象出的事情。A. committed 承诺；B. presented 呈现，提出；C. contributed 贡献；D. recommended 推荐。根据后文 itself to my consciousness at any given moment 可知是指 那些在任何特定的时刻里自动呈现在自己的意识里的事情。故选 B。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不去担忧那些在任何特定的时刻里自动呈现在自己的意识里的 事情，除非有特别具体的、紧急的、令人担忧的事情要处理，否则我会限制自己去担心那些 想象出的事情。A. expose 暴露；B. reduce 减少；C. attach 附加；D. restrict 限制。结 合上文，可知作者对自己担忧的事情范围做出了限制。故选 D。 【45 题详解】 - 21 - 考查介词辨析。句意：这个新系统在一段时间内为我提供了很好的服务，直到上个月的一天， 我乘坐的飞机的机长在 Shannon 机场的降落尝试失败，原因是起落架出现了“一个问题”。A. since 自从；B. after 在……之后；C. before 在……之前；D. until 直到。结合语境，作 者限制自己忧虑的办法一直很有效，直到上个月的一天作者所坐的飞机出了问题。表示“直 到”应用 until。故选 D。 【46 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个新系统在一段时间内为我提供了很好的服务，直到上个月的 一天，我乘坐的飞机的机长在 Shannon 机场的降落尝试失败，原因是起落架出现了“一个问 题”。A. test 测试；B. rescue 救援；C. attempt 尝试；D. adventure 冒险。当时作者乘 坐的飞机在 Shannon 机场尝试（attempt）降落的时候，起落架出现了问题，不得不在空中盘 旋了一会，机长宣布问题无法解决要采用紧急降落的程序。故选 C。 【47 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们盘旋了一会儿。A. circled 环绕；B. dived 潜水；C. swung 摇摆；D. taxied 乘出租车。根据生活常识，飞机尝试降落失败，通常会在机场上方盘旋一会 以后再次尝试降落。故选 A。 【48 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然母亲的话浮现在脑海“万一发生了紧急情况，把头夹在两腿 之间，和屁股吻别”。A. wake 苏醒；B. course 课程；C. event 事件；D. light 灯光。此 处考查短语 in the event of“倘若，万一发生……”。故选 C。 【49 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的笑话让我笑了起来，我不知道自己为什么不害怕。A. thrilled 激动的；B. amazed 惊讶的；C. discouraged 丧气的；D. terrified 害怕的。当作 者因为母亲的笑话而乐不可支的时候，纳闷为什么自己不害怕了。故选 D。 【50 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到我完全没有担心，因为我完全无法改变飞机的问题。 A. identify 识别；B. accept 接受；C. change 改变；D. explore 探索。根据后文 the problem with the plane 可知作者意识到自己不再害怕是因为自己无法做任何事情来改变飞机的问题， 故选 C。 【51 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当跑道升起来迎接我们腹部生病的飞机和消防员争先恐后地迎 - 22 - 接我们时，我感到一种奇怪而美丽的平静。A. strange 奇怪的；B. sick 生病的；C. soft 柔 软的；D. flat 平的。根据上文可知飞机的起落架出现了故障导致无法降落，起落架位于飞机 的腹部，本句使用 sick 比喻飞机腹部生病了。故选 B。 【52 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当跑道升起来迎接我们腹部生病的飞机和消防员争先恐后地迎接 我们时，我感到一种奇怪而美丽的平静。A. excitement 激动；B. nervousness 紧张；C. astonishment 惊讶；D. calmness 冷静。结合上一段中 a complete and total absence of worry 可知当消防人员奔跑着过来接乘客的时候，作者感到特别的镇定，这种感觉如此特别，与之 前总是忧心忡忡完全不一样了。故选 D。 【53 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当飞机完美着陆时——结果发现，问题出在传感器上，而不是着 陆器上——人们欢呼雀跃，互相拥抱，我意识到我根本不是一个忧虑者。A. turned out 结果 是；B. brought out 出版；C. made out 理解；D. ruled out 排除。结合后文 the problem was with a sensor and not with the landing gear 可知当飞机安全降落的时候，最终证明是某 个感应器出了问题而不是起落架的问题。故选 A。 【54 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当飞机完美着陆时——结果发现，问题出在传感器上，而不是着 陆器上——人们欢呼雀跃，互相拥抱，我意识到我根本不是一个忧虑者。A. fighter 战士；B. loser 失败者；C. worrier 使人烦恼的人或事；D. commander 指挥官。根据文章开头的“I am a worrier”以及该空后的“The absence of worry”可知，作者意识到自己根本不是爱担忧 的人。故选 C。 【55 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚体验到的没有忧虑实际上是没有任何控制的可能性。A. actually 实际上；B. strangely 奇怪地；C. relatively 相当地；D. naturally 自然地。作 者刚才不担忧实际上是不再有控制欲。人们担心是因为自己无法控制事物才会担忧。故选 A。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Olympic champion Sun Yang was _______56_______(initial) cleared of wrongdoing by FINA, the swimming federation(联盟), in January 2019. Following an appeal by the World Anti-Doping Agency(WADA) to the Court of Arbitration for - 23 - Sport(CAS), the decision has _______57_______(turn) over. An eight-year ban was given on Sun because this was his second _______58_______(offend). Sun told China’s Xinhua news agency that he planned to appeal _______59_______ the decision. He said, “This is _______60_______(fair). I firmly believe in my innocence.” CAS said its decision can be challenged before the Swiss Federal Tribunal within 30 ______61______(day). Sun told an appeal hearing in November that he missed a test because testers failed _______62_______(prove) their identity when they arrived at this home. He also denied that a vial(小瓶) _______63_______(contain) his blood samples was smashed(砸碎) by him with _______64_______hammer. The three-time Olympic gold medallist is set to appeal his ban until February 2028, ________65________if upheld, effectively ends his swimming career. 【答案】56. initially 57. been turned 58. offence 59. against 60. unfair 61. days 62. to prove 63. containing 64. a 65. which 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。中国奥运冠军孙杨最初于 2019 年 1 月被国际泳联洗清罪名。在世界反兴 奋剂机构向体育仲裁法庭提出上诉后，该决定已经被提交。孙因第二次违法被禁赛 8 年。孙 对新华社说，他计划对这一决定提起上诉。如果维持原判，他的游泳生涯实际上将结束。 【56 题详解】 考查副词。修饰动词 clear 应用副词 initially，做状语，表示“最初”。故填 initially。 【57 题详解】 考查动词语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，根据上文 the decision has 可知为现 在完成时的被动语态。故填 been turned。 【58 题详解】 考查名词。根据上文 his 为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，可知应填名词 offence，表示“犯罪”。 - 24 - 故填 offence。 【59 题详解】 考查介词。句意：孙对新华社说，他计划对这一决定提起上诉。结合句意表示“提起上诉” 短语为 appeal against。故填 against。 【60 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他说：“这是不公平的。我坚信我是无辜的。”根据上文 is 可知应填形 容词作表语，且结合语境表示“不公平的”应用 unfair。故填 unfair。 【61 题详解】 考查名词的数。day 为可数名词，由 30 修饰应用复数。故填 days。 【62 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：孙在去年 11 月的一次上诉听证会上说，他错过了一次考试，因为测 试人员在到达他家时没有证明自己的身份。根据句意表示“未能做某事”短语为 fail to do sth.。故填 to prove。 【63 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还否认自己用锤子砸碎了一个装有他血液样本的小瓶。分析句子 结构可知 contain 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 vial 构成主动关系，故应用现在 分词作定语。故填 containing。 【64 题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。hammer 为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个锤子”应用不定冠词，且 hammer 为辅音音素开头的单词，应用 a。故填 a。 【65 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这位三届奥运会金牌得主将对禁令提起上诉，上诉到 2028 年 2 月，如 果维持原判，禁令将结束他的游泳生涯。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 ban，且先行词 在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词 which，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分） 66. 假定你是李华，你们学校要举办传统中医讲座，你的留学生朋友 Chris 对中国传统文化 有浓厚的兴趣，因此，你想邀请他参加该讲座。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1．讲座的时间和地点； 2．讲座的内容。 - 25 - 注意： 1．词数 80 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：传统中医讲座 a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One Possible Version： Dear Chris, Knowing you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture, I can’t wait to invite you to a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine which will be host in my school. The lecture will begin at 3 p.m. this Sunday in the school hall. An expert is going to narrate the development history of traditional Chinese medicine and share some significant worldwide achievements with us. As far as I can see, it can enrich your understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and make you realize how much difference traditional Chinese culture has made in the present world. Looking forward to your arrival! - 26 - Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本文属于提纲类作文 【详解】根据文章所给的信息提示写一封邀请信。写作要点包括向 Chris 发出邀请，介绍讲 座的相关信息：时间、地点、内容以及活动安排等．写作时态为一般现在时为主，人称用第 一人称和第三人称。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力 和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时 态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高 级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 【点睛】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰 满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能 力。重要短语如：a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine（一场关于中医的讲座）； have a keen interest in（对…感兴趣）；share … with…（分享）；look forward to（期 待，盼望）；As far as I can see（依我来看）等等。高级句型结构如：Knowing you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture, I can’t wait to invite you to a lecture on traditional Chinese medicine which will be host in my school.本句用现在分词短 语 Knowing…作状语，还有宾语从句…you have a keen interest in traditional Chinese Culture 和一个以 which 引导的定语从句 which will be host in my school，另外该定语从 句中使用了被动语态。 第二节 （满分 25 分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为 150 左右。 I had been swimming competitively for five years and was ready to quit because I felt I was horrible at it. I was often the only African American at a swimming competition. I kept receiving “Honourable Mentions”. Any athlete knows that you don’t want to have a bookshelf full of “Honourable Mentions”, which you get just because you showed up. One summer day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to - 27 - my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her of my desire to quit swimming, she looked me into my face, saying firmly but warmly, “Baby, remember these words ‘Quitters never win and winners never quit.’ Your grandmother didn’t raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear?” I was too afraid to say anything but “Yes, ma’am.” The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our long drive would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that because there were not nine lanes. As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were here to do one thing—beat me! All of a sudden my grandma’s words rang in my head：“Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit” “Yes, grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours, ” I said to myself. Paragraph 1： SPLASH! I was swimming harder than I’d ever swum before. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________ Paragraph 2： Just then, cheers and claps overwhelmed me. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________ 【答案】One Possible Version： SPLASH(扑通一声)! I was swimming harder than I’d ever swum before. As I drew my right arm back, I noticed I was tied with one person. I assumed we were battling - 28 - for eighth place and I refused to finish dead last, so I added more kick on the last 200 yards. I hit the wall and looked to the left and to the right for the swimmers who had beat me, but no one was there. They must have gotten out of the water already. Just then, cheers and claps overwhelmed me. I raised my head to see my coach screaming hysterically. My eyes followed her pointing finger and I couldn’t believe what I saw. The other swimmers had just reached the halfway point of the pool! That day, at age 15, I broke the national 17/18yearold 400freestyle record. I hung up my honourable mentions and replaced them with a huge trophy. “Yes, grandma, you’re right. Quitters never win and winners never quit.” 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读后续写作文。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，上文讲述了作者已经参加了五年的游泳比赛，准备退出， 因为觉得自己很糟糕。一个夏天的一天，在一个大型游泳比赛的前一天，作者把决定退出游 泳队的消息告诉了奶奶，结果奶奶让作者坚持下去。第二天作者和奶奶来到比赛地点，没有 赶上作者 15/16 岁年龄组的游泳选手。教练坚持允许作者和年龄大一些的人一起游泳。当作 者登上跳板时，其他所有的女孩都看着自己。作者很快注意到这些女孩是来做一件事的—— 打败自己！突然，奶奶的话在作者的脑海里回响：“放弃者永不成功，胜利者永不放弃。” 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：扑通一声！我游得比以前任何时候都努力。所以后文应 该是讲述作者比赛的经过和心理活动；第二段开头是：就在那时，欢呼声和掌声淹没了我。 本段应该写作者打破了 17/18 400 自由泳的全国纪录，以及作者获胜后的感想。 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：add on，hysterically， honourable 等高级词汇；As I drew my right arm back, I noticed I was tied with one person. 运用时间状语从句；My eyes followed her pointing finger and I couldn’t believe what I saw.运用宾语从句等高级句式。 - 29 -