广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021届高三12月综合测试（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021届高三12月综合测试（二）英语试题 Word版含解析

华南师大附中 2021 届高三综合测试(二) 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，请务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和考号填写在 答题卡和答卷上。 2.选择题在选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案涂黑，如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷各题目指定区 域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，再写上新答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液。不按要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A iPhone 12 Outlook Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED. With flat aluminum sides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nice contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”. Camera The iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has improved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximize detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well. Processor iPhone 12 is powered by the company’s new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. It’s claimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones. Wireless charging To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories. 1. What is the size of iPhone 12? A. About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max. B. The same size as iPad Pro. C. Bigger than that of iPhone 11. D. As big as iPhone XR. 2. What’s the function of the “MagSafe” system? A. To carry out the wired charging of iPhone 12. B. To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air. C. To make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories. D. To process the information in a more rapid way. 3. Which of the followings is TRUE about iPhone 12? A. There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back. B. It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones. C. All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode. D. A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章是一则 iPhone 12 手机的介绍，介绍了这款手机的外观、相机、处理 和无线充电等情况。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED.( iPhone 12 的屏幕尺寸与之前的 iPhone 11 和 iPhone XR 相同，为 6.1 英寸，iPhone 12 正在从 LCD 屏幕 过渡到 OLED 屏幕)”可知，iPhone 12 的尺寸和 iPhone XR 一样大。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.(为了改善 iPhone 12 的无线充电性能，它内置了“MagSafe”系统，以 确保 iPhone 12 与 MagSafe 配件相匹配)”可知，MagSafe 系统的功能是确保 iPhone 12 可以 匹配 MagSafe 配件。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a ‘ceramic shield’.(为了避免摔碎或摔裂，iPhone 12 覆盖 了一层苹果称之为‘超瓷晶面板’的材料)”可知，D 选项“超瓷晶面板有助于防止破碎和 开裂”正确。故选 D。 B Most of us have spent more time at home recently than we ever imagined possible. Maybe you took the opportunity to clean, or maybe you plan to do it tomorrow. These tips can help make your house better for your body and your mind. Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. Take off your shoes at your door. A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe harbors nearly 421,000 different bacteria, including Escherichia coli and strep. Pesticides, tar, lead, mold, and cleaning chemicals can also get tracked into your home via your shoes. Leave a pair of slippers by the front door. Even if you think you’ve disinfected everything, you might have overlooked some germ magnets(磁铁). One notorious offender: the toothbrush holder. Rinse it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly. Another germ magnet: kitchen sponges. They’re so unhealthful they’ve been banned from restaurant kitchens. Portable ultraviolet (紫外线) lights are a highly boasted germ killer. Hospitals use powerful UVC light to disinfect rooms, as it can kill viruses (possibly even the new coronavirus). But beware: not all home disinfecting systems use UVC, and some UV lights can quickly burn your skin. Don't forget to clean the air in your home too. The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter( 过 滤 器 ). The Department of Energy requires that they remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles(颗粒) in the air. Portable HEPA filters can clean a single room or the entire house. There are cheaper ways to clean the air-start by cracking a window. Indoor air can have two to five times more pollutants than outdoor air. Many viruses don’t spread as well in moist air as they do in the cold, dry months. One easy solution for the winter: using a humidifier. The CDC advises against cool-mist humidifiers, which can contain bacteria if they aren’t cleaned regularly. Old-fashioned steam humidifiers are best. But too much humidity can worsen respiratory(呼 吸的) problems and encourage the growth of dust mites. 4. What should you do before you walk into your house? A. Take off your coat. B. Change your shoes. C. Clean up the bacteria. D. Dust off the shoes. 5. What does the CDC think of the cool-mist humidifiers? A. It is a must in winter. B. It can worsen respiratory problems. C. It is not as good as the old-fashioned steam humidifiers. D. It is an easy solution for dry seasons. 6. Which is NOT the way introduced in the passage to make the house cleaner? A. Freshen your sheets. B. Wash toothbrush holders. C. Disinfect rooms by UVC light. D. Clean the air with HEPA filters. 7. Which of the following is probably the best title for the text? A. How to Do Cleaning. B. Keep Yourself Healthy. C. Make Your Mind Booster. D. Get a Healthy Home. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。主要针对如何让房子保持干净，从而更加有利于健康给出了一些建议。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. Take off your shoes at your door.（想保持家里的清洁，在你进门的那一刻就要开始。在门口 脱掉你的鞋子。）”可知要保持家里的清洁，在进门之前要先脱掉鞋子，再结合第二段最后一 句“Leave a pair of slippers by the front door.（在前门放一双拖鞋。）”可知脱掉鞋子之后是换上 拖鞋。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The CDC advises against cool-mist humidifiers, which can contain bacteria if they aren’t cleaned regularly.（美国疾病控制与预防中心建议不要使用冷雾 加湿器，如果不定期清洁，这些加湿器可能含有细菌。）”及最后一段的首句“Old-fashioned steam humidifiers are best.（老式的蒸汽加湿器是最好的。）”可知美国疾病控制与预防中心认 为冷雾加湿器没有老式的蒸汽加湿器好。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“One notorious offender: the toothbrush holder. Rinse it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly.（最臭名昭著的就是牙刷架。每天清洗，并定期用洗碗机清 洗。）”可知清洗牙刷架是保持房间清洁的一部分，故 B 项不符合题意；根据第四自然“But beware: not all home disinfecting systems use UVC, and some UV lights can quickly burn your skin.（但要注意:并非所有的家庭消毒系统都使用 UVC，一些紫外线灯会很快灼伤你的皮 肤。）”可知紫外线灯消毒也保持房间清洁的一种方式，故 C 选项不符合题意；根据第五自 然 段 “Don't forget to clean the air in your home too. The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter( 过 滤 器 ).（别忘了把家里的空气也清理干净。黄金标准是高 效微粒空气(HEPA)过滤器。）”可知用微粒空气过滤器清洁空气也是保持房间清洁的一部分， 故 D 选项不符合题意。综上所述只有 A 选项 Freshen your sheets（清理你的床单）在文章中 没有提到。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的主题句“These tips can help make your house better for your body and your mind.（这里有些建议可以帮助你使你的房子对你的身心更加友好。）”可知本 文主要针对如何让房子保持干净，从而更加有利于健康给出了一些建议。结合选项可知 D 选项 Get a Healthy Home.(拥有一个健康的家)为短文的最佳标题。故选 D。 C Curtis Whitson knew the water fall was coming. He'd rafted down the Arroyo Seco, a river in central California, before. But this year was different. Heavy snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something fierce. And this year, instead of his friends, Whitson's companions were his wife, Krystal Ramirez, and his 13-year-old son, Hunter. As the three of them approached the falls late in the afternoon of the third day of their camping trip, Whitson could tell from the increasing roar of water in the narrow canyon that they were in serious trouble. There was no way they’d be able to rappel down(绕绳下降) the rocks as planned. “The water was just gushing through there with tremendous force,” recalls Whitson. They could wade to the shore, but would anyone find them there? They had no mobile phone service, and they hadn’t seen a single person in the past three days. As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit of luck-he heard voices coming from the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out. We have to get these people a message, Whitson thought. Then he spotted his green Nalgene water bottle. Whitson grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it. Ramirez also reminded him that he had a pen and paper, which she'd brought to play games with, in his backpack. Whitson knew it was a long shot. But he scrawled “We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please!” and pushed the note into the bottle, throwing it over the waterfall perfectly. “All right, that’s all we can do,” Whitson told Hunter. It took 30 minutes to navigate back upstream to the beach where they made a fire. With no reasonable expectation that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone, they spelled out SOS in white rocks. As the evening wore on, they placed a headlamp with a flashing light on a ledge (岩石突出部) . Then, just after midnight, they heard a helicopter hovering above them. Whitson ran over to the headlamp and started flashing it at the helicopter. He, Ramirez, and Hunter were waving and hollering when they heard the magic words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been found.” It was a moment of pure happiness as the three chatted with the officers who had rescued them. Together, they marveled at the unlikelihood of it all. Two men had seen the water bottle in the water. When they picked it up, they noticed the writing on it - “Help!”. A few days after news of the rescue broke, one of the hikers contacted Whitson. That’s when he learned the story. There were actually two little girls hiking with the men that day. It was the girls who first spotted the bottle and swam to get it. Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers-and thank them. 8. Which was NOT the trouble the Whitsons faced? A. The water falls were fierce. B. There was no mobile phone service. C. All of them were not experienced in rafting. D. They had to rappel down the rocks. 9. Which is the order that the Whitsons helped themselves out? ① They spelled out SOS on the rocks. ② Whitson squeezed the note “Get help please” into the bottle. ③ Whitson yelled to the other side of the falls. ④ Whitson carved “help” on his green bottle. A. ③④②① B. ②③④① C. ①④③② D. ④③②① 10. What does the underlined part in paragraph 6 mean? A. It is a fantastic idea. B. It’s a big challenge. C. It’s a wild attempt. D. It’s a long exploration. 11. Whitson is planning to have a big barbecue ______. A. to celebrate their survival B. to show gratitude to the hikers C. to have a family union D. to meet and thank the rescue officers 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了 Whitson 一家野营被困，他们巧妙地用求救瓶向外界发出 了求救信号，从而得救的故事。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“There was no way they’d be able to rappel down(绕绳下降) the rocks as planned.（他们不可能按计划用绳索从岩石上滑下来。）”可知，选项 D 的描述 They had to rappel down the rocks.（他们只好用绳索从岩石上滑下来。）与原文描述不一致， 不是 Whitsons 一家人遇到的麻烦。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.（他 大声喊，但水流的声音淹没了他的声音。）”，根据第六段“Whitson grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it.（惠特森抓住瓶子，刻下“救命！“在上面。）；根据第六段“But he scrawled “We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please!” and pushed the note into the bottle, throwing it over the waterfall perfectly.（但他潦草地写着“我们被困在瀑布边了。求求你帮忙！”把纸条 塞进瓶子里，把它完美地扔到了瀑布上。）和第八段“they spelled out SOS in white rocks.（他 们用白色的石头拼出求救信号。）”可知，Whitsons 一家人自救的顺序是，先大喊，接着在 瓶子上刻“救命”，之后把写求救内容的字条塞进瓶子，最后用石头拼出求救信号，所以正 确的顺序是：③④②①。故选 A。 【10 题详解】 句意猜测题。根据第四段“As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit of luck —he heard voices comingfrom the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.”可知，正当他考虑该怎么办时，Whitson 碰上了一点好运气——他听到瀑 布的另一边传来了说话声。他喊道，但激流的声音淹没了他。接着 Whitson 计划用向瀑布里 丢求救瓶的方式来求救，丢求救瓶这是一种能够被人发现的机会很渺茫的方式，因此 Whitson 知道这是一次很疯狂大胆的尝试。由此可知，划线部分意思为“这是一次疯狂的尝试”。故 选 C。 【11 题详解】 细节理 解题。根据 最后一段“ Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers-and thank them.（ Whitson 正计划举办一场盛大的烧烤会来迎接这些徒步旅行者，并 向他们表示感谢。）可知，Whitson 准备举办一场盛大的烧烤会来感谢这些徒步者。故选 B。 D If you have spent any time reading papers on teaching strategies in the past few years, you have probably noticed a strong backlash against drill & practice, in favor of “constructivist activities” and “project-based learning”. Memorizing facts, many people argue, is an outdated educational practice, since anyone could just Google a fact on demand or look it up on Wikipedia nowadays. They consider that we should focus all school activities on the acquisition of skills as opposed to knowledge. However, learning by rote (memorization by repetition) is more important than you think. There are many cases in which having knowledge immediately on the tip of your tongue can have great social and professional value. For example, last night at a networking event, when I casually asked a Nigerian entrepreneur how much of his business was conducted in English versus in his native Yoruba, he immediately became more engaged in our conversation. It was as if the simple fact that I knew that Yoruba was spoken in Nigeria won his trust, and therefore built up our relationship. The same goes for professional settings. If I am a pharmaceutical salesman talking to a doctor about a specific digestion drug, and he asks if it has any effect on the process of peristalsis, it will look quite unprofessional if I have to pull out my medical dictionary to look up the word. I need to memorize those facts so that I can access them immediately. Of course, most constructivist educators will argue that on-the-job training and project-based learning are more effective at learning new concepts than rote memorization. The problem is that no single cost-effective constructivist activity will guarantee that you will be exposed to all the concepts you need, or that you will fully remember the facts that you are exposed to. If you actually want to acquire a full range of knowledge about a given topic, the most guaranteed and efficient way is to study deliberately using the time-honored practice of repetition—specifically confidence-based repetition. 12. Which of the following is the most popular teaching method now? A. Drill & practice. B. Memorizing facts. C. Constructivist activities. D. Confidence-based repetition. 13. What does the underlined word “backlash” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Outdated idea. B. Negative reaction. C. Educational standard. D. Official support. 14. Why is the author’s communication with a Nigerian entrepreneur mentioned? A. To show the value of knowing about Yoruba. B. To support his argument for learning by rote. C. To introduce effective communication skills. D. To prove the power of having a wide range of knowledge. 15. What does the author think about project-based learning? A. It is of limited value in learning new concepts. B. It is an efficient way to learn a new concept. C. It should be combined with a full range of knowledge. D. It will be replaced by the time-honored practice of repetition. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文中作者主要就如今流行的一种强烈的反对练习和实践，支持“建构主义 活动”和“基于项目的学习”的教学方式提出了自己的看法。作者认为死记硬背的学习方式 仍然重要，同时指出了上述这两种教学方法存在的一些问题。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“If you have spent any time reading papers on teaching strategies in the past few years, you have probably noticed a strong backlash against drill & practice, in favor of ‘constructivist activities’ and ‘project-based learning’.(如果你在过去几年里花时间阅读过关 于教学策略的论文，你可能已经注意到现在有一种强烈的反对练习和实践的思潮，它支持 ‘建构主义活动’和‘基于项目的学习’)”可知，建构主义活动是现在最流行的教学方法。 故选 C。 【13 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“against drill & practice, in favor of ‘constructivist activities’ and ‘project-based learning’”可知，如今的一种思潮反对练习和实践的思潮，支持“建构主义活 动”和“基于项目的学习”，即画线词意思为“反对”与 B 选项意思最为接近。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, learning by rote (memorization by repetition) is more important than you think. There are many cases in which having knowledge immediately on the tip of your tongue can have great social and professional value. For example, last night at a networking event, when I casually asked a Nigerian entrepreneur how much of his business was conducted in English versus in his native Yoruba, he immediately became more engaged in our conversation. It was as if the simple fact that I knew that Yoruba was spoken in Nigeria won his trust, and therefore built up our relationship.(然而，死记硬背——通过重复记忆——比你想象的 重要。在很多情况下，就在你的舌尖上的知识可以产生巨大的社会和职业价值。例如，昨晚 在一次社交活动上，我随意地问一位尼日利亚企业家，他的生意中有多少是用英语做的，有 多少是用他的母语约鲁巴语做的，他立刻更投入了我们的谈话。就好像我知道在尼日利亚讲 约鲁巴语这个简单的事实就赢得了他的信任，因此建立了我们的关系)”可推知，作者提到 与尼日利亚企业家的交流，是为了支持他通过死记硬背学习的观点。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, most constructivist educators will argue that on-the-job training and project-based learning are more effective at learning new concepts than rote memorization. The problem is that no single cost-effective constructivist activity will guarantee that you will be exposed to all the concepts you need, or that you will fully remember the facts that you are exposed to. If you actually want to acquire a full range of knowledge about a given topic, the most guaranteed and efficient way is to study deliberately using the time-honored practice of repetition—specifically confidence-based repetition.(当然，大多数建构主义教育者会 认为在职培训和基于项目的学习在学习新概念方面比死记硬背更有效。问题是，没有任何一 种具有成本效益的建构主义活动能够保证你接触到所有你需要的概念，或者你将完全记住你 接触到的事实。如果你真的想在一个给定的话题上获得全方位的知识，最有保证和最有效的 方法就是有意识地使用历史悠久的重复练习——特别是基于信心的重复)”可推知，作者认 为基于项目的学习在学习新概念方面的价值是有限的。故选 A。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Going through life is easier when you trust that most people’s motives are good. ___16___Being aware of the following should help. Don’t be blinded by looks, nor sex. Some people who have the gift of looks, or sex appeal, use it to unfair advantage.____17____ To take an extreme example, spies have gotten people to sacrifice a nation’s security merely by “bestowing” sex on someone. ___18___Yes, some people enjoy being nice for its own sake. But other people use kindness as a weapon: to disarm and/or create obligation. So when someone “caringly” asks how you are or gives you a little gift or two, don’t jump to that being a ploy, but keep your eyes open. Be wary of praise from people who you pay, like counselors, teachers, coaches, etc. Whether true or not, their saying nice things about you or your work increase their chances of keeping your money coming. Beware of revealing your weaknesses or past errors.____19____But other times, your admission will be used against you. For example, let’s say that you admit that you are insecure about your intelligence.____20____Worse still, there are those who reveal a small weakness or past failing, not to deepen the relationship but to encourage you to admit a more serious failing. A. Some people are kind mainly because they want something. B. Therefore, we shall be trustworthy and rely on people around us. C. In fact, such people might be much more trouble than they're worth. D. However, some people have paid a huge price for being too trusting. E. In subsequent arguments, the other person can take advantage of that. F. Sometimes, revealing a flaw can open the door to a deeper relationship. G. Beware of the following tactic used to extract a weakness or past failing. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章作者阐述了几个不会因为相信别人而导致被骗的方法。 【16 题详解】 根据上句“Going through life is easier when you trust that most people’s motives are good.”（你 相信大多数人的动机都是好的时候，生活就会变得简单。）和后句“Being aware of the following should help.”（了解以下内容应该会有所帮助。）可推知，设空处可能会陈述有些 人因为过于相信别人而付出代价。D 项“然而，有些人因为过于信任而付出了巨大的代价。” 切题，和前句构成前后转折又引出下文。故选 D 项。 【17 题详解】 根据上句“Some people who have the gift of looks, or sex appeal, use it to unfair advantage.” （有些人拥有长相或性感的天赋，他们利用这天赋获得了不公平的优势。）和后句“To take an extreme example, spies have gotten people to sacrifice a nation’s security merely by “bestowing” sex on someone.”（举个极端的例子，间谍让人们仅仅通过与某人“进行性交 易”就可以牺牲国家安全。）可知，C 项“事实上，这样的人带来的麻烦可能远远超过他们 的价值。”切题，在此起承上启下的作用。C 项中的“such people”指的就是上文提及的“那 些拥有长相或性感的天赋的人”，同时划线后的例子是对前句进行举例说明。故选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 分析段落结构可知，此处为本段中心距。根据后文内容“Yes, some people enjoy being nice for its own sake. But other people use kindness as a weapon: to disarm and/or create obligation. So when someone “caringly” asks how you are or gives you a little gift or two, don’t jump to that being a ploy, but keep your eyes open.”（是的，有些人喜欢为自己好。但另一些人把善良当 作武器：解除武装和/或创造义务。所以，当有人“殷勤”地问你怎么样，或者给你一两件 小礼物时，不要认为这是一种策略，而是要睁大眼睛。）可知，本段主要讲述一些人之所以 表现出善良，是因为他们有不可告人的目的。A 项“有些人之所以善良，主要是因为他们想 要一些东西。”可以作为主题句统领下文。故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 根据划线后句“But other times, your admission will be used against you.”（但其他时候，你承 认弱点和过失会对你不利。）可推知，设空处可能陈述有时人们暴露自己的一些缺点会对自 己有利。F 项“有时候，暴露一个缺点可以打开一段更深层次关系的大门。”切题，与下文 构成明显的转折关系。故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 根据前句“For example, let’s say that you admit that you are insecure about your intelligence.” （例如，假设你承认你不相信自己的智商。）和下文“Worse still, there are those who reveal a small weakness or past failing, not to deepen the relationship but to encourage you to admit a more serious failing.”（更糟糕的是，有一些人揭露一个小小的错误或者过去的失败并不是 为了加深关系，而是诱使你承认一个更严重的失败）可推知，设空处可能会提到有人会利用 你所揭露的自己的弱点或错误。E 项“在随后的争吵中，对方可以利用这一点。”切题，和 前句构成因果关系。E 项中的 that 指代前句提的“承认自己缺点”这件事。故选 E 项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 I had heard a great deal about Miss Beam’s school. But not till last week did the ____21____ come to visit it. When I arrived, there was no one ____22____ but a girl of about twelve. Her eyes were ____23____ with a bandage and she was being led ____24____ by a little boy who was about four years younger. Miss Beam was all that I had expected --- middle-aged, full of ____25____ , yet kindly and understanding. I asked her some questions about her teaching ____26____ which I had heard were simple. “The real ____27____ of this school is not so much to teach thought as to teach thoughtfulness --- kindness to others and being ____28____ citizens. Look out of the window a minute, will you?" I went to the window which ____29____ a large garden and a playground at the back. “What do you see?" Miss Beam asked. “I see some very beautiful grounds," I ____30____, “and a lot of cheerful children. It pains me,____31____ , to see that they are not all so ____32____and active-looking.” Miss Beam laughed. “Oh, no!" she said. “Don’t worry. There is no problem with their health. It is only their day to experience being blind, deaf or lame. To make our children ____33____and understand misfortune, we make them share in misfortune too. Every term, we ____34____set a day for this activity. They all learn so much this way. Before the day is over, even the most ____35____child realizes what misfortune is.” 21. A. honor B. chance C. moment D. privilege 22. A. in campus B. within reach C. in sight D. in school 23. A. wrapped B. bathed C. closed D. covered 24. A. carefully B. happily C. simply D. slowly 25. A. life B. authority C. energy D. strength 26. A. methods B. styles C. experiences D. members 27. A. practice B. cause C. aim D. reason 28. A. worthy B. responsible C. worthwhile D. decent 29. A. approached B. witnessed C. saw D. overlooked 30. A. claimed B. corresponded C. responded D. whispered 31. A. therefore B. furthermore C. so D. though 32. A. healthy B. brilliant C. strong D. naughty 33. A. approve B. consider C. appreciate D. admire 34. A. frequently B. especially C. gladly D. specially 35. A. thoughtful B. thoughtless C. absent-minded D. active 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者上周有机会去拜访 Miss Beam’s 的学校，了解 Miss Beam’s 学校的教学目的，教学生善待他人和做负责任的公民，并且看到了这所学校真实的教学活动。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是直到上周才有机会去拜访它。A. honor 荣誉；B. chance 机会； C. moment 时刻；D. privilege 特权。故选 B。根据上文“I had heard a great deal about Miss Beam’s school. ”以及“come to visit it.”可知到上周才有机会去拜访它，故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我到达时，除了一个十二岁左右的女孩外看不到一个人。A. in campus 在校园里；B. within reach 触手可及；C. in sight 看到；D. in school 在上学。根据下 文除了一个十二岁左右的女孩，可知没看到其他人，故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的眼睛蒙着绷带，由一个大约比她小四岁的小男孩小心地牵着。 A. wrapped 包扎；B. bathed 浸泡；C. closed 关闭；D. covered 覆盖。根据下文由一个大约比 她小四岁的小男孩小心地牵着，可知是眼睛蒙着东西，故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. carefully 小心地；B. happily 高兴地；C. simply 简单地； D. slowly 慢慢地。根据上文她的眼睛蒙着绷带，所以应该是男孩小心地牵着她，故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比姆小姐和我期望道德一样——中年，充满权威，但亲切和善解 人意。A. life 生活；B. authority 权威；C. energy 精力；D. strength 力量。根据下文的转折但 亲切和善解人意，可知前面应该是权威，故选 B 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问了她一些关于她的教学方法的问题，我听说她的教学方法很 简单。A. methods 方法；B. styles 风格；C. experiences 经验；D. members 成员。根据上文“I asked her some questions about her teaching ”以及下文的很简单，可知应该是教学方 法，故选 A。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所学校的真正目的与其说是教授思想，不如说是教授体贴—— 善待他人和做负责任的公民。A. practice 常规；B. cause 原因；C. aim 目的；D. reason 原因。 根据下文“ not so much to teach thought as to teach thoughtfulness --- kindness to others and being 8 citizens.”可知本空说的是学校的目的，故选 C。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. worthy 值得的；B. responsible 有责任的；C. worthwhile 有价值的；D. decent 正派的。故选 B。根据“ thoughtfulness --- kindness to others”， 可知，这所学校的真正目的与其说是教授思想，不如说是教授体贴——善待他人和做负责任 的公民。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走到窗前，从那儿可以看到后面的一个大花园和一个操场。A. approached 接近；B. witnessed 见证；C. saw 看见；D. overlooked 俯瞰。从窗户往下看，应 该是俯瞰，故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我看到了一些非常美丽的场地，”我回答，“还有许多快乐的孩 子。”A. claimed 声称；B. corresponded 符合；C. responded 回答；D. whispered 低语。根据上 文“What do you see?" Miss Beam asked，可知这里是回答，故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，看到他们并不都那么健康，那么活泼，我就感到痛苦。A. therefore 因此；B. furthermore 此外；C. so 因此；D. though 尽管。根据上文“我看到了一些非 常美丽的庭园，”我回答，“还有许多快活的孩子。”和下文构成了转折关系，故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. healthy 健康的；B. brilliant 聪颖的；C. strong 强壮的； D. naughty 淘气的。根据下文“There is no problem with their health”可知，他们并不都那么健 康。故选 A。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让我们的孩子领会和理解不幸，我们也让他们分享不幸。A. approve 赞成；B. consider 考虑；C. appreciate 领会；D. admire 羡慕。根据上文 It is only their day to experience being blind, deaf or lame，可知是欣赏和理解不幸，故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：每学期，我们都专门为这样活动专门安排一天。A. frequently 频 繁地；B. especially 尤其；C. gladly 高兴地；D. specially 专门地。根据下文为这样的活动安 排一天，所以应该是专门地安排一天，故选 D。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在这一天结束之前，即使是最不顾及他人的的孩子也意识到 什么是不幸。”A. thoughtful 体贴的；B. thoughtless 不顾及他人的；C. absent-minded 心不在 焉的；D. active 积极的。根据上文“They all learn so much this way”可知这里应该是即使是 不顾及他人的的孩子也意识到什么是不幸。故选 B。 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。 China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism(MCT) has made public a list of 680 key villages for promoting rural tourism. The selection of the villages ____36____(carry) out based on the development plan for tourism in the country’s ____37____ (twelve) five-year plan, and a guideline of the State Council on the vitalization of rural industries. To be listed, a village should be rich ____38____cultural and tourism resources, boast sound protection of rural traditional culture,____39____have a mature and high-quality tourism product system. It should also boast ____40____ appealing ecological environment with well-rounded infrastructure and public services, among other key requirements,____41____(be) up to the standard, according to the ministry. The MCT will support the villages in their infrastructure, public service ____42____ (facility), and major tourist projects as well as market promotion, the ministry said, ____43____(encourage) local authorities to support the villages via ____44____(variety) funds and channels. The list is the second of its kind,_____45_____320 villages made the first list exposed in July last year. 【答案】36. was carried 37. twelfth 38. in/with 39. and 40. an 41. to be 42. facilities 43. encouraging 44. various 45. as/ for 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。中国文化旅游部日前公布了一份推广乡村旅游的 680 个重点村名单，村 庄的选择是根据国家“十二五”旅游发展规划和国务院关于振兴农村产业的指导意见进行 的。文章介绍了列入名单村落的要求以及中国文化和旅游部对于这些村落的扶持方式。 【36 题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：村庄的选择是根据国家“十二五”旅游发展规划和国务院关于振 兴农村产业的指导意见进行的。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构 成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为 The selection of the villages，故谓语动 词用单数。故填 was carried。 【37 题详解】 考查序数词。句意：村庄的选择是根据国家“十二五”旅游发展规划和国务院关于振兴农村 产业的指导意见进行的。此处表示“第十二个五年计划”应用序数词 twelfth。故填 twelfth。 【38 题详解】 考查介词。句意：列入名单的村落，应拥有丰富的文化旅游资源，乡村传统文化保护良好， 旅游产品体系成熟、优质。结合句意表示“有丰富的……”短语为 be rich in/with。故填 in/with。 【39 题详解】 考查连词。句意：列入名单的村落，应拥有丰富的文化旅游资源，乡村传统文化保护良好， 旅游产品体系成熟、优质。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词 and。故填 and。 【40 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：文化旅游部表示，它还应该拥有一个吸引人的生态环境，完善的基础设施 和公共服务，以及其他关键要求，以达到标准。environment 此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且 appealing 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用 an。故填 an。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：文化旅游部表示，它还应该拥有一个吸引人的生态环境，完善的基 础设施和公共服务，以及其他关键要求，以达到标准。分析句子结构可知 be 在句中应用非 谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填 to be。 【42 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：文化旅游部表示，中国文化旅游部将在基础设施、公共服务设施、重 大旅游项目和市场推广方面给予支持，鼓励地方政府通过各种资金和渠道支持这些村庄。此 处作宾语应用名词 facility，且为可数名词，结合后文 and major tourist projects 可知应用复数 形式。故填 facilities。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：文化旅游部表示，中国文化旅游部将在基础设施、公共服务设施、 重大旅游项目和市场推广方面给予支持，鼓励地方政府通过各种资金和渠道支持这些村庄。 分析句子结构可知 encourage 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 The MCT 构成主动 关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填 encouraging。 【44 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：文化旅游部表示，中国文化旅游部将在基础设施、公共服务设施、重大 旅游项目和市场推广方面给予支持，鼓励地方政府通过各种资金和渠道支持这些村庄。修饰 后文 funds and channels 应用形容词 various，作定语。故填 various。 【45 题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：因为去年 7 月公布的第一份名单中有 320 个村庄，这是第二份此类名 单。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用 as 或 for 引导。故填 as/ for。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华, 你与英国留学生 Mike 约好周六上午一起去爬山，但你因故不能赴约。 给他写一封邮件, 内容包括： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 另约时间。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, Terribly sorry to tell you that I cannot go climbing with you this Saturday morning. I’ve just been informed that my interview for a part-time job is planned for that morning, so I am afraid we have to put off our climbing. What about this Sunday? If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 7:30 a.m. outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I hope the adjustment won’t put you into much trouble. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国留学生 Mike 写封邮件，告诉他你不能周六上午 一起去爬山，并说明原因。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 另约时间。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） go climbing; a part-time job; what about; be convenient for sb.; suit sb. best; adjustment; put sb. into much trouble; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. Terribly sorry to tell you that I cannot go climbing with you this Saturday morning. 2. I’ve just been informed that my interview for a part-time job is planned for that morning, so I am afraid we have to put off our climbing. 3. What about this Sunday? 4. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 7:30 a.m. outside the school gate. 5. If not, let me know what time suits you best. 6. I hope the adjustment won’t put you into much trouble. 7. Looking forward to your reply. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考） 2.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Terribly sorry to tell you that I cannot go climbing with you this Saturday morning. (运用了宾语从句) [高分句型 2] If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 7:30 a.m. outside the school gate. (运用了 lf 引导的条件状语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lon was chasing his runaway horse when a goose went under his feet. And he fell into a thornbush (荆棘丛). “Why do I have such bad luck?” Things never seemed to go Lon’s way. If there was a bee about, he was stung. And if his horse ran away, it would run straight through a thornbush. Still, even bad luck might turn good if he could catch that goose for dinner. He scanned the bushes, and found a nest with an egg. Just an egg, but even one egg might make a small meal. He picked it up, but dropped it in surprise. The egg was unusually heavy, and it gleamed (发 光) in the sunlight. It was made of gold! Lon sighed. He’d nearly stepped on a goose that lays golden eggs. If he had captured the goose, he would have had golden egg after golden egg. Then a thought exploded in his mind. Perhaps he could take the egg and get it to hatch, and the new goose would lay golden eggs just as its mother did. Lon smiled. His luck seemed to be changing. Once home, Lon placed the egg into a bed of cotton next to the hearth. He turned it every hour for several days. One morning, he heard a faint chk-chk-chk. A small golden beak poked its way through the shell. It was an ugly little thing, but Lon didn’t care. All that mattered was the golden eggs it would soon lay. The gosling demanded food. Lon happily kept its beak filled. He named the bird Goly and became fond of it, even though it was soon better fed than he was. Lon talked to his goose and taught it to play checkers (国际跳棋). Time passed as Lon waited for the first golden egg. Goldy had grown quite fat, but there were no eggs. Lon finally took the goose to a farmer to see what the problem was. The farmer took a closer look and laughed. “You’ll never get eggs from this goose. It’s a boy goose! I might as well roast you for dinner,” Lon said. “At least then I’ll get a meal for all my work!” 注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Alarmed，Goldy popped out of Lon’s arm and escaped into the forest. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ One morning, Lon awoke to Goldy’s familiar honking outside. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 【答案】Alarmed, Goldy popped out of Lon’s arm and escaped into the forest. Alone in the house, Lon paced restlessly, wondering whether he was destined for bad luck. There was a deathly stillness in the house. Without Goldy accompanying him and begging him for food, a strong sense of loss overwhelmed him. It was no fun playing checkers alone, even if he did win every game. Picturing the merry scene of playing checkers with Goldy, he felt the regret burning his heart. If only he hadn’t scared Goldy away! One morning, Lon awoke to Goldy’s familiar honking outside. At the sight of Goldy, Lon was seized with a mixture of joy and relief. Seeing Goldy pecking and quacking around the lawn, Lon knew immediately Goldy was starving. As usual, Lon took some oatmeal out to serve his good old friend. Lon happily settled down and enjoyed a game of checkers with Goldy. To Lon, having a companion was the luckiest thing in life now. 【解析】 【分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Lon 做事时从来都不顺心、运气差，追的马跑了，自己还 掉进了荆棘丛里，但他看到了一个有蛋的巢，他捡起一颗蛋，发现蛋是金子做的，所以就拿 回家养，想养出一只能天天下金蛋的鹅，但最后发现自己养的叫 Goldy 的动物是小雄鹅，下 不了蛋，Lon 说狠话要把 Goldy 当晚餐吃掉。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Goldy 惊慌失措，从 Lon 的胳膊里跳出来，逃进了森林里。”可知， 第一段可描写 Goldy 被 Lon 吓跑了，Lon 很担忧，想起和 Goldy 在一起的日子，现在的 Lon 感到失落，后悔把 Goldy 吓跑了。 ②由第二段首句内容“一天早晨，Lon 醒来时，Goldy 熟悉的叫声在外面响起。”可知，第 二段可描写 Goldy 回来了，Lon 既高兴又宽慰，像往常一样给 Goldy 喂食，最终发现有个伴 侣是现在生活中最幸运的事。 2.续写线索：逃走——失落——后悔——回家——高兴——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①逃进森林：escaped into the forest / fled into the forest ②不安地踱步：paced restlessly / walked restlessly ③挨饿：starving / hungry ④平静：settled down / calmed down 情绪类 ①遗憾：regret / pity ②高兴地：happily / gladly 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. Alone in the house, Lon paced restlessly, wondering whether he was destined for bad luck.（用了 whether 引导的宾语从句） [高分句型 2]. Seeing Goldy pecking and quacking around the lawn, Lon knew immediately Goldy was starving.（用了现在分词短语作状语）