2020一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（46页）

2020一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案（46页）

‎2020一轮复习人教版必修五Unit 1 Great scientists单元学案 Albert Einstein was born in Ulm，Germany in 1879.When he was a boy，he liked to ask questions.By the time he was fourteen years old，he had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.He wanted to be a physicist and devote himself to abstract(抽象的) research.‎ However，his family could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.But his parents did manage to send him to a technical school.After graduation，he went to work.With the pay that he received，he was later able to go on with his education at the University of Zurich，where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905.This was the period when he first began the research and studies which led to his famous “Theory of Relativity”．‎ Einstein cared little for money.He once refused to speak on the radio for 1,000 a minute.Another time he was seen using a check for 1,500 as a bookmark.Then he lost the book!‎ Besides his work in physics，he spent much time working for human rights and progress.‎ Like many scientists，Einstein loved music；he played the violin fairly well.In Princeton，he lived quietly，working at the institute and enjoying himself by playing his violin in his simple home.Often there were visitors like the twelveyearold girl who，for a time，formed the habit of visiting him on her way home from school.After some time，the puzzled mother of the girl met Dr.Einstein and asked him what he and her daughter talked about.The doctor smiled and explained，“Oh，she brings me cookies，and I do her arithmetic(算术) homework for her.”‎ Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man of great achievements.‎ 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)‎ ‎1．When Albert Einstein was very young，his family was very rich.(　F　)‎ ‎2．Einstein liked music and often enjoyed himself by playing the violin.(　T　)‎ Period One　Warming Up，Prereading & Reading Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出 conclusion n．结论；结束 ‎2．defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败 ‎3．attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 ‎4．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 ‎5．cure n．治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗 ‎6．challenge n．挑战；vt.向……挑战 ‎7．absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 ‎8．suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 ‎9．foresee vt.预见；预知 ‎10．blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备 ‎11．pollute vt.污染；弄脏 ‎12．handle n．柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵 ‎13．link vt.&n.连接；联系 ‎14．announce vt.宣布；通告 announcement n．宣布；通告 ‎15．instruct vt.命令；指示；教导 instruction n．命令；指示 Ⅱ.重点短语 ‎1．put forward提出 ‎2．draw a conclusion得出结论 ‎3．expose...to...使显露；暴露 ‎4．link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来 Ⅲ.重点句式 ‎1．过去分词作后置定语 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed(expose) to cholera.‎ 但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。‎ ‎2．every time引导时间状语从句 So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.‎ 所以每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。‎ ‎3．have＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补 A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered(deliver) to her house every day.‎ 有一位妇人是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。‎ ‎4．不定式作目的状语 To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water ‎ supplies be examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。‎ Ⅰ.根据课文内容排序 ‎(　2　)John Snow began to test two theories.‎ ‎(　1　)An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.‎ ‎(　4　)John Snow marked the deaths on a map.‎ ‎(　7　)He announced that the water carried the disease.‎ ‎(　3　)John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.‎ ‎(　8　)King Cholera was defeated.‎ ‎(　5　)He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.‎ ‎(　6　)He had the handle removed from the water pump.‎ Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 ‎1．The passage mainly tells us that .‎ A．the cause of cholera was polluted water B．John Snow was a wellknown doctor in London C．the source of all drinking water should be examined D．John Snow did some research and helped to solve “King Cholera”‎ 答案　D ‎2．What was the key to help for John Snow’s discovery?‎ A．The government.‎ B．The woman who had moved away from Broad Street.‎ C．The water company.‎ D．The map made by himself.‎ 答案　D ‎3．At last，“King Cholera” was controlled by .‎ A．using medicines in hospital B．driving patients out of the country C．dealing with the polluted water D．getting rid of all kinds of pollution 答案　C ‎4．How many people died per day on average in two streets where John Snow gathered information?‎ A．Over 500. B．Over 100.‎ C．Over 50. D．Over 25.‎ 答案　C ‎5．What conclusion did John Snow draw according to the evidence?‎ A．Cholera multiplied in the water.‎ B．Polluted water carried the virus.‎ C．A cloud of dangerous gas caused cholera.‎ D．Cholera could never be controlled even though its cause was found.‎ 答案　B Ⅲ.课文难句分析 ‎1．He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.‎ ‎[句式分析]　该句为复合句。He became interested in two theories是主句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词theories；how引导的从句作explained的宾语。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　他对霍乱致人死地的两种推测很感兴趣。‎ ‎2．The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.‎ ‎[句式分析]　该句为复合句。The second suggested 是主句；suggest作“暗示，表明”讲，其后所跟的宾语从句用陈述语气。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。‎ 重点词汇 ‎1．Who put forward a theory about black holes?‎ 谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？‎ put forward 提出；推荐；拨快；将……提前 put down写下；放下；镇压 put off推迟，延期 put out熄灭，扑灭；生产 put up张贴；搭起，建起；留某人过夜 ‎(1)Can you put her forward as our secretary of the club？你能推荐她当我们俱乐部的秘书吗？‎ ‎(2)They have put forward the wedding by two weeks.‎ 他们把婚礼提前了两周。‎ ‎(3)The sports meeting has been put off because of the heavy rain.运动会已经因为大雨而延期了。‎ ‎(4)Ten minutes later，the firefighters arrived and the big fire was put out.‎ 十分钟后，消防队员赶到，大火被扑灭了。‎ ‎2．Draw a conclusion得出结论 ‎(1)conclusion n．结论；结束 reach/come to/arrive at/draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion＝to conclude总之，最后 make a conclusion下结论 ‎(2)conclude v．结束；推断出，断定 conclude...from...从……中推断出……‎ conclude (from sth.) that...(从某事中)推断出……；(从某事中)断定……‎ conclude sth.with.../by doing...以……结束……‎ ‎(1)Without enough evidence，we can’t make a conclusion.没有充分的证据，我们不能下结论。‎ ‎(2)He concluded/drew a conclusion that the film Wolf Warrior Ⅱ was well worth seeing.‎ 他得出结论：电影《战狼2》很值得一看。‎ ‎(3)What can we conclude from the conversation?‎ 我们能从这次谈话中得出什么结论？‎ ‎(4)He concluded his speech with a famous saying.‎ 他用一句著名的谚语结束了演讲。‎ ‎(5)In conclusion/To conclude，the ceremony is a great success.总之，这个典礼非常成功。‎ ‎3．JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”‎ 约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”‎ defeat vt.打败，战胜；使受挫；使困惑；n.失败 suffer a serious defeat 遭受严重的挫败 ‎(1)It was the last question on the paper that defeated me that day.那天考卷上最后一道题把我难住了。‎ ‎(2)The girl was let down by this defeat.‎ 这次失败让这个女孩很是沮丧。‎ ‎(3)The player was defeated(defeat) in the game，but he didn’t lose heart.‎ 这个运动员在比赛中被打败了，但是他没有气馁。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　defeat，beat，win ‎※defeat和beat后都接sb.作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。‎ ‎※win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示“荣获，赢得”。‎ ‎[选词填空]　defeat，beat，win ‎(4)We beat/defeated their team by ten points.‎ ‎(5)The young girl from China won the race at last.‎ ‎(6)In that battle，our soldiers defeated the enemy.‎ ‎4．John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。‎ attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理；伴随发生 attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学 attend to sb./sth.照料……；处理……；招待……‎ ‎(1)Later，when Hannah attended school，she saw another homeless person.后来，汉娜去上学时看到了另一个无家可归的人。(2017·北京)‎ ‎(2)I have a fever attending a cough.＝I have a fever that attends a cough.我发烧并伴有咳嗽。‎ ‎(3)I can’t go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to.今晚我不能和你一起出去，因为我有一件急事要处理。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　attend，join，join in，take part in ‎※attend用来表示“出席，参加(会议、讲座、婚礼等)正式场合”，也指去听报告。‎ ‎※join表示参加某一团体，并作为其中一个成员，如：入党、入团、参军和参加俱乐部等；‎ 如果后接人，则表示参加某人的活动。‎ ‎※join in 后接活动，强调与他人一起参与某一活动。‎ ‎※take part in 后接活动，尤指多人参加的群众性大型活动。‎ ‎[选词填空]　attend，join，join in，take part in ‎(4)My father joined the local club two years ago.‎ ‎(5)Why didn’t you join in the talk last night?‎ ‎(6)We will take part in social activities during the coming vacation.‎ ‎(7)He will attend an important meeting tomorrow.‎ ‎5．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.‎ 但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。‎ expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 expose...to...使显露；暴露 be exposed to 暴露于；感染 ‎(1)The mother tries to expose her children to some good books.这位母亲尽量让孩子们多接触好书。‎ ‎(2)I tell him I will expose him to the police.‎ 我告诉他我要到警察那里揭发他。‎ ‎(3)Being exposed(expose) to sunlight for long will do harm to one’s skin.‎ 长时间暴露于太阳光照中会对一个人的皮肤有害。‎ ‎(4)You should try not to make your children exposed(expose) to violence.‎ 你应该尽量不让你的孩子接触暴力。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.(改为省略句)‎ ‎→Exposed to very loud music every day，young people may risk going deaf.‎ ‎6．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.‎ 人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。‎ cure n.治愈；痊愈；治疗方法；对策；vt.治愈；治疗；纠正/去除(弊端等) a cure for...……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法 cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为 ‎(1)She hopes the doctor can cure the pain in her shoulder.她希望医生能治好她肩上的疼痛。‎ ‎(2)There is no effective cure for colds except rest.‎ 除了多休息没有有效的方法可以治疗感冒。‎ ‎(3)The doctor who cured him of his illness was very experienced.治好他病的那位医生非常有经验。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　cure，treat ‎※cure意为“治愈”，侧重“治愈”的结果，可构成cure sb.of sth.结构；常指治疗疾病、痛苦或革除恶习、弊害等。‎ ‎※treat意为“治疗”，强调“治疗”的动作，可构成treat sb.for sth.。‎ ‎7．The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.‎ 第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。‎ absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解，掌握；使并入，吞并 absorb...into...把……吸入……‎ absorb...from...从……吸收……‎ be/get absorbed in专心致志于 ‎(1)Our good learning habits will make us absorb knowledge completely.我们良好的学习习惯会使我们把知识消化得更透彻。‎ ‎(2)I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.‎ 我不想太过专注于模特这一行业。(2017·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎(3)This plant absorbed water from the earth around it.这株植物从周围的土壤中吸收水分。‎ ‎(4)The boy absorbed polluted air into his lungs.‎ 这个男孩把被污染的空气吸入了肺中。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.‎ ‎→So absorbed was Tom in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.(含so...that...的倒装句)‎ ‎→So absorbed in his work，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(用形容词短语作状语)‎ ‎8．John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.约翰·斯诺认为第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。‎ suspect vt.认为；怀疑；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 suspect that...怀疑……；认为……‎ suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事 ‎(1)The police took the suspect to the police station.‎ 警察把这个嫌疑犯带到了警察局。‎ ‎(2)Suspected(suspect) of cheating in the exam，the boy was taken to the office.‎ 被怀疑在考试中作弊，男孩被带到了办公室。‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)我怀疑这个女孩向我们撒谎了。‎ ‎①I suspected that the girl had lied to us.(含宾语从句)‎ ‎②I suspected the girl of lying to us.(简单句)‎ ‎9．It seemed that the water was to blame.‎ 看来水是罪魁祸首。‎ blame vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备 be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备 blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人 blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事 put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人 ‎ (1)We all think it is your wife who is to blame for the terrible accident.‎ 我们都认为你妻子该为这个恶劣的事故负责。‎ ‎(2)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock.‎ 很多人发现早上起床很难，并把这归咎于闹钟。(2017·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎(3)She doesn’t blame anyone for her father’s death.‎ 她没把父亲的死归咎于任何人。‎ ‎(4)Blamed(blame) by his teacher，the boy was in low spirits.被老师责备后，这个男孩心情低落。‎ ‎(5)Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把这起事故归咎于危险驾驶。‎ ‎10．With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。‎ ‎(1)announce vt.宣布；通告 announce sth.to sb.向某人宣告某事 announce that...宣布……‎ It is announced that...据宣布……‎ ‎(2)announcement n．宣布；通告；声明 make an announcement下通知；宣布 ‎(1)We are pleased to announce that all five players were successful.‎ 我们高兴地宣布5位运动员都成功了。‎ ‎(2)It was announced that Tu Youyou was the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in Medicine.据宣布，屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔医学奖的中国人。‎ ‎(3)The leader is making an important announcement at the moment.‎ 这个领导此刻正在下达重要的通知。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　announce，declare ‎※announce多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。‎ ‎※declare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称”之意。‎ ‎[选词填空]　announce，declare ‎(4)The government has announced plans to create 10,000 new jobs.‎ ‎(5)In April this country declared war on Germany.‎ 经典句式 ‎1．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。‎ every time是名词短语，作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……时”。each time，any time，the first time，last time，next time，immediately，the moment，directly，instantly和every time的用法一样，作连词，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎(1)The moment the player got out of the airport，he was surrounded by his fans.‎ 这位运动员一出飞机场，就被粉丝围住了。‎ ‎(2)Next time you come，do remember to bring your son here.下次来的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。‎ ‎(3)I fell in love with this city the first time I saw it.‎ 我第一次见到这个城市就喜欢上了它。‎ ‎2．A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇人是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。‎ have sth.done在此表示让别人做某事，也可表示遭遇某事，或只表示某事被做过或做完的状态。‎ have sb./sth.doing sth.使某人/某物一直做某事 won’t/can’t have sb.doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事 have sth.to do 有事情要做 have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 ‎(1)You can have your brother help with your English.‎ 你可以让你哥哥帮你学英语。‎ ‎(2)I won’t have you speaking(speak) to your dad like that.我不允许你对你的父亲那样讲话。‎ ‎(3)Attention，please! I have something important to tell(tell) you.请注意！我有重要的事情要告诉你们。‎ ‎(4)They were so frightened that they had the light burning(burn) the whole night.‎ 他们如此害怕以至于让灯亮了一整晚。‎ ‎(5)I had my teeth filled(fill) yesterday afternoon.‎ 昨天下午我请人补了牙。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．They launched an advertising campaign as instructed(instruct)．‎ ‎2．The mother tried many ways to help cure her son of his reading problem.‎ ‎3．The expression on her face suggested that she was infected(infect) with the flu too.‎ ‎4．One of the computers is broken and she’s blaming it on me.‎ ‎5．When exposed(expose) to stress，in whatever form，all of us react both chemically and physically.‎ ‎6．Absorbed(absorb) in her thought，she pumped into a tree.‎ ‎7．The number of foreign students attending(attend) Chinese universities has been rising steadily since 1997.‎ ‎8．Although the game was challenging(challenge)，he challenged himself to it without hesitation.‎ ‎9．It is characteristic of him to have others handle(handle) difficult situations.‎ ‎10．He made his announcement(announce) after he talked with the President.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎11．I’ll ask someone to fix my roof tomorrow.‎ ‎→I’ll have my roof fixed tomorrow.‎ ‎12．Tom is not going to see the film this weekend and his classmates are not going either.‎ ‎→Neither Tom nor his classmates are going to see the film this weekend.‎ ‎13．The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.‎ ‎→The man who/that was seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.‎ ‎14．It seemed that everyone was satisfied.‎ ‎→Everyone seemed to be satisfied.‎ ‎15．He sold his bike so that he could have money to buy food.‎ ‎→To have money to buy food，he sold his bike.‎ Ⅲ.课文语法填空 John Snow，a wellknown doctor in London，became 16.inspired(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 17.were exposed(expose) to cholera，a 18.deadly(dead) disease of his day.Many thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak 19.because no one knew the cause of it.John Snow wanted to help solve the problem.He got interested in two theories 20.explaining(explain) how cholera killed people.He believed 21.in the second theory that suggested that people 22.absorbed(absorb) the disease with their meals.In 1854，when another outbreak hit London，he was ready 23.to test(test) the two theories.24.With the help of the map he made，he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 25.to blame(blame)．‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·辽宁庄河高二期中)‎ Bryan Forbes，who was born in London on 22 July 1926，made his first screen acting appearance in 1948.‎ He landed supporting parts in several outstanding British films，including An Inspector Calls (1954) and The Colditz Story (1955)，but it was not long before screenwriting and directing attracted him behind the camera.Together with Richard Attenborough，he set up Beaver Films in 1959.Its first film，The Angry Silence (1960)，was written by Forbes and Attenborough played the lead role.‎ His directing career began in 1961 with Whistle Down the Wind，featuring child star Hayley Mills.Forbes directed many more films in the 1960s and early 1970s.In 1969 he took over as head of production and managing director of EMIMGM Elstree，and the studio achieved outstanding successes.But it was a torrid time for the company.Troubled constantly by financial difficulties and staffing issues，Forbes quitted in 1971.He then directed The Stepford Wives，based on the novel by Ira Levin，and in 1975 International Velvet，starring Tatum O’Neal，in 1978.‎ Forbes，who counted the late Queen Mother among his friends，continued directing，writing and acting throughout the 1980s and early 1990s.He also found success as an author with a number of novels，the latest of which was The Soldier’s Story.‎ After Forbes passed away，film critic Mark Kermode said，“Once I had fun—boyish pleasure of telling Bryan Forbes how much I loved The Stepford Wives.He was charming and modest.A great loss.”‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇人物传记类的文章，介绍Bryan Forbes在电影事业中作出的成就。‎ ‎1．Having played several supporting roles，Forbes began to .‎ A．work as a cameraman B．make a lead actor C．build his own company alone D．write and direct films 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...but it was not long before screenwriting and directing attracted him behind the camera.”可知，在几部电影里演过配角之后Forbes退居幕后写剧本和导演电影。故选D。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is the first film directed by Forbes?‎ A．An Inspector Calls.‎ B．The Colditz Story.‎ C．Whistle Down the Wind.‎ D．The Angry Silence.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His directing career began in 1961 with Whistle Down the Wind...”可知正确答案为C。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “torrid” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .‎ A．suitable B．tough C．precious D．steady 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据下文的“Troubled constantly by financial difficulties and staffing issues...”可知，对公司来说是一段艰难的时期。故选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be best used to describe Forbes?‎ A．Talented. B．Welleducated.‎ C．Proud. D．Attractive.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文中第三段的“and the studio achieved outstanding successes”和第四段的“He also found success as an author with a number of novels...”等信息可推知，他是个才华横溢的人。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·宁波余姚中学高二期中)‎ Social media and the mobile web have given rise to a strange phenomenon called the selfie(自拍)．It refers to a picture of yourself，usually shared on any social networking website.‎ ‎ 5 Some selfies are extreme closeups(特写镜头)，and others show part of an arm held ‎ straight outward.A few of them even feature the subject standing in front of a bathroom mirror.‎ Everyone takes selfies，but the younger crowd seems to be especially involved in the trend.Young people are relatively heavier digital products users.They are interested in staying connected to their friends. 6 ‎ There are also kinds of psychological factors driving people to take a selfie and upload it to a social networking site. 7 A quick and easy way to attract others’ attention is to get “likes” and comments from friends.Secondly，it’s human nature to show off your own great achievements.When you feel good about yourself or look good，it’s far too easy to take out your phone and document it all through one or several selfies. 8 That’s right.Sometimes people are bored at work，bored at school，bored at home and even bored in the toilet.Last but not least，social media is about being social！If that means uploading as many selfies as possible，then so be it.It’s fun，and it’s a cool way to sort of document your own life.‎ Finally，there are things to be mindful of when you’re posting.It’s easy to think you’re sharing a photo with a few people. 9 So don’t post anything online，selfies especially.‎ A．There are lots of selfie styles.‎ B．The rise of selfies has become universal.‎ C．Social media，to some extent，is the driving force of their selfie activity.‎ D．The desire to take，post and get “likes” on selfies goes back to a biological behavior.‎ E．But the whole world of social media is public and every individual can get access to it.‎ F．There are also people who will take selfies because they have nothing else better to do.‎ G．The leading factor is that people want to get attention from as many people as possible.‎ 答案　5.A　6.C　7.G　8.F　9.E Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2018·杭州西湖高级中学高二月考)‎ Dr Rabia Sa’id grew up in a polygamous(一夫多妻的) family，which is legal in parts of Nigeria；her father and two mothers had ten children 10 lost three of them.‎ Her father was a 11 ，so she attended an Army school，finishing at the 12 of her class.“If you are very 13 in my country，the government will direct you to study science，” she explained.‎ ‎“I’ve always wanted to get higher education；I 14 wanted to just stay back and be a wife and mother.”‎ But after high school，she put her 15 on hold.She had three young children，and she had to wait until she could 16 motherhood with her studies.Ten years passed.‎ ‎“Within that time，all my classmates 17 university and were working，and I was just a housewife，and I wanted to be also in their 18 ，”she recalled.‎ She admitted that she felt envious when she saw students who were not nearly as 19 as her in school graduated.When she 20 went back，she did well in the sciences，with her top grades in 21 .‎ Now she 22 as Deputy Dean of Student Affairs at Bayero University Kano and teaches in the Department of Physics.Her research has 23 electronics and space weather physics，and she applies it to local 24 needs，including waste recycling.She has 25 it in journals for applied physics.‎ She won the Elsevier Foundation Award for 26 that aims to solve Nigerian environmental challenges.She is now 27 a government project to gather atmospheric data.She is now a mother of six children，two with disabilities.She is a role 28 for science education in her community，where girls’ education is 29 to be recognized.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了尼日利亚女科学家Rabia Sa’id 艰难的求学故事。‎ ‎10．A.but B．so C．as D．and 答案　A 解析　根据上下文可知，前后之间是转折关系，故选but。‎ ‎11．A.soldier B．teacher C．doctor D．singer 答案　A 解析　由下文中的“so she attended an Army school”可推知，她的父亲是位士兵，因此她在一所军校上学。‎ ‎12．A.end B．top C．bottom D．beginning 答案　B 解析　由下文中的“she saw students who were not nearly as as her in school graduated”可知，她毕业时成绩非常优异。‎ ‎13．A.skilled B．experienced C．sharp D．clever 答案　D 解析　由下文中的“the government will direct you to study science”可知，在她的国家，如果你非常聪明，政府会指示你学理科。‎ ‎14．A.always B．sometimes C．never D．ever 答案　C 解析　上文中的“I’ve always wanted to get higher education”暗示她从来都不(never)想只做一个家庭主妇。‎ ‎15．A.ideas B．dreams C．colleges D．lives 答案　B 解析　由下文中的“She had three young children，and she had to wait until...Ten years passed.”可知，她推迟了自己的梦想。on hold推迟，搁置。‎ ‎16．A.connect B．balance C．present D．combine 答案　B 解析　从上下文可以看出，她需要平衡(balance)母亲身份与学习这两件事。‎ ‎17．A.began B．attended C．chose D．finished 答案　D 解析　由下文中的“were working”可以判断出她的同学们都已经完成(finish)大学学业。‎ ‎18．A.family B．university C．group D．opinion 答案　C 解析　此处用in their group表示她想加入他们的行列，暗示着她也想像他们一样大学毕业有一份正式的工作，而不只是一个家庭主妇。‎ ‎19．A.successful B．proud C．excited D．nervous 答案　A 解析　她承认当她看到那些学习远不及她优秀的学生都大学毕业了，她非常羡慕他们。‎ ‎20．A.easily B．finally C．nearly D．quickly 答案　B 解析　根据语境可知，当她最终回去(上学)的时候，她做得很好。‎ ‎21．A.maths B．chemistry C．biology D．physics 答案　D 解析　由下文中的“teaches in the Department of Physics”可知她的物理(physics)成绩优异。‎ ‎22．A.defines B．trains C．serves D．functions 答案　C 解析　现在她在Bayero University Kano担任学生事务副主任。serve as相当于work as，意为“担任”。‎ ‎23．A.covered B．studied C．explained D．shown 答案　A 解析　她的研究涉及电子学和空间气象物理学。cover包含，涉及，符合语境。‎ ‎24．A.spiritual B．material C．mental D．environmental 答案　D 解析　由下文中的“including waste recycling”可推知，此处指的是“环保方面的需要”。‎ ‎25．A.announced B．declared C．published D．appeared 答案　C 解析　她在应用物理学上进行了研究，所以她在期刊上发表了文章。publish发表，使(作品)出版。‎ ‎26．A.design B．research C．devotion D．discovery 答案　B 解析　根据倒数第二段中的“Her research has...”可知，她获奖的主要原因是她在应用物理学方面取得的研究成果。‎ ‎27．A.keeping up B．going over C．taking over D．working on 答案　D 解析　她目前正从事一项搜集有关大气的数据的政府工程。work on致力于，从事，符合语境。‎ ‎28．A.standard B．type C．model D．player 答案　C 解析　由全文的内容可知，这位尼日利亚女科学家是人们学习的典范(role model)。‎ ‎29．A.struggling B．happening C．refusing D．planning 答案　A 解析　女性教育想要得到认可需要努力(struggling)。struggle to do sth.努力做某事。‎ Ⅳ.概要写作——用约60个词概括课文内容 John Snow was a famous doctor and expert in London.Although he was Queen Victoria’s personal physician，he wanted to help ordinary people exposed to cholera，which was the deadly disease of its day and had attacked London twice in the 1850s.After a series of hard work，he finally succeeded in defeating “King Cholera” in a scientific way.‎ Period Two　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．construct vt.建设；修建 construction n．建设；建筑物 ‎2．contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助 ‎3．positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的 ‎4．movement n．移动；运动；动作 movable adj.可移动的 ‎5．spin vi.& vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)‎ spun(过去式)‎ spun(过去分词)‎ ‎6．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 ‎7．cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 ‎8．reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 Ⅱ.重点短语 ‎1．apart from除……之外；此外 ‎2．(be) strict with...对……严格的 ‎3．make sense讲得通；有意义 Ⅲ.重点句式 ‎1．“Only＋状语从句”位于句首引起的倒装句 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。‎ ‎2．现在分词作伴随状语 So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，gradually improving(improve) his theory until he felt it was complete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期间从事这项研究，逐步修改他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。‎ ‎3．with复合结构 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going(go) round it and only the moon still going round the earth.‎ 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读课文，匹配各段落大意 Para.1　　　 A．New observations didn’t agree with the old theory about the earth.‎ Para.2 B．Copernicus’ theory is the basis of modern science about the universe.‎ Para.3 C．Copernicus was puzzled as he found the earth was not the centre of the solar ‎ system.‎ Para.4 D．Copernicus’ new theory that the sun was the centre could explain all the ‎ phenomena.‎ Para.5 E．Copernicus improved his theory by collecting observations and using his ‎ mathematical knowledge.‎ Para.1—C　Para.2—A　Para.3—E　Para.4—D　Para.5—B Ⅱ.课文阅读理解 ‎1．What made Copernicus frightened and confused?‎ A．The fact that the earth was the centre of the solar system.‎ B．The conclusion that the sun was the centre of the solar system.‎ C．The fact that the earth runs around the sun.‎ D．The fact that God made the world.‎ 答案　B ‎2．Why didn’t Copernicus publish his theory immediately？Because .‎ A．he didn’t think it complete B．he was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church C．his friends forbade him to do so D．no one supported his ideas 答案　B ‎3．When did Copernicus publish his theory?‎ A．After his death.‎ B．Before he told his friends about it.‎ C．As he lay dying in 1543.‎ D．Copernicus’ theory was never published.‎ 答案　C ‎4．All the following make it strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system EXCEPT ‎ that .‎ A．some planets in the sky seemed to stop or move backward B．some planets in the sky appeared brighter at times and less bright at others C．some planets in the sky seemed to go forward in a loop D．the sun goes around the earth 答案　D ‎5. What’s the Christian Church’s attitude towards Copernicus’ theory?‎ A．The Christian Church objected to Copernicus’ theory.‎ B．The Christian Church was in favor of Copernicus’ theory.‎ C．The Christian Church paid much attention to the theory.‎ D．The Christian Church thought highly of Copernicus’ theory.‎ 答案　A ‎ ‎ 重点词汇 ‎1.contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 ‎(1)contribute...to...把……捐献给……；向……投稿 contribute to捐赠；捐献；有益于；导致；投稿 ‎[联想]　表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：‎ cause，lead to，result in，bring about等。‎ ‎(2)contribution n．贡献；捐助 make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献 ‎(1)She would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute to the cause.她试图劝说那些当地的企业领导为这个事业捐款。(2017•北京)‎ ‎(2)Everyone of us should make a contribution(contribute) to our society.‎ 我们每个人都应该为我们的社会作出贡献。‎ ‎(3)The evidence will contribute to catching(catch) the thief.这些证据将有助于捉住小偷。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列黑体词的汉语意思 ‎(4)Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily.捐款；促使；投稿 ‎(5)The sharp increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults.导致 ‎2．Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.‎ 除了上面提到的句子结构，你也学了以下的词组。‎ apart from除……之外；此外 ‎[易混辨析]　except，besides，except for，apart from ‎※except 表示从所提到的人或事中除去一部分，表示递减的概念。‎ ‎※besides 表示“除了……之外，还有……”，表示递增的概念。‎ ‎※except for 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和局部的否定。‎ ‎※apart from 具有多重意义，既可以表示besides，也可以表示except 或except for。‎ ‎[选词填空]　except，besides，except for，apart from ‎(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from Tom.‎ ‎(2)We need three more chairs besides/apart from these two.‎ ‎(3)Apart from/Except for the ending，it’s a really good film.‎ ‎3．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。‎ make sense 讲得通；有意义 make sense of懂得；了解……的意义 make no sense讲不通；没有意义 in a sense 在某种意义上；在某种程度上 in no sense决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)‎ There’s no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。‎ ‎(1)I couldn’t make sense of what he said.‎ ‎＝What he said couldn’t make any sense to me.‎ 我不能理解他所说的话。 ‎ ‎(2)In a sense，I think he likes being responsible for everything.‎ 从某种意义上说，我认为他喜欢包揽一切。‎ ‎(3)Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will change.那么早计划是没有意义的——那么多事情会发生变化。‎ ‎(4)There’s no sense in arguing(argue) with her—she is so stubborn!‎ 和她争论是没有意义的——她那么固执！‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)Never lose heart；if you keep trying，you will make it sooner or later.(改为倒装句；祈使句＋并列句)‎ ‎→In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.‎ ‎4．His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.‎ 他的朋友们都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于众，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。‎ ‎(1)cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 be cautious about/of对……谨慎 ‎(2)cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地 ‎(3)caution n．小心；谨慎 with caution 小心翼翼地 ‎(1)The boss is very cautious about making promises.‎ 这个老板对于做出承诺持谨慎态度。‎ ‎(2)The girl put the old vase on the table with caution.‎ 这个女孩小心地把这个古花瓶放在了桌子上。‎ ‎(3)The woman opened the door cautiously(cautious) and walked in.这个女人小心地打开门，走了进去。‎ 经典句式 ‎1．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。‎ ‎(1)only if只有……。only后跟状语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。‎ ‎(2)if only意为“要是……；但愿……”，后使用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况(be动词用were)；用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况；用would/could/might do表示与将来相反的情况。‎ ‎(1)Only then did he realize the value of life.‎ 只有那时候他才明白生命的价值。‎ ‎(2)If only we could fly like a bird!‎ 要是我们能像鸟一样飞翔就好了！‎ ‎(3)If only I had come here earlier that day.‎ 那天要是我早点来就好啦。‎ ‎(4)If only I were a famous football player!‎ 要是我是个著名足球运动员就好了！‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。(使用“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装句)‎ Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.‎ ‎2．So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it，gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.‎ 于是，他在1510年至1514年期间从事这项研究，逐步修改他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。‎ gradually improving his theory在句中作状语，improve 与主语he是主动关系，且分词动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生。‎ ‎(1)Susan pretended to be cheerful，saying (＝and said)nothing about the argument.‎ 苏珊假装很兴奋，对争吵的事一字未提。‎ ‎(2)More highways have been built in China，making(make) it much easier for people to travel.中国已建成了许多高速公路，这使得人们出行更加容易。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(3)Tony lent me the money and hoped that I’d do as much for him.(改为非谓语动词作伴随状语)‎ ‎→Tony lent me the money，hoping that I’d do as much for him.‎ ‎3．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.‎ 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。‎ with的复合结构为with＋n./pron.＋介词短语/形容词/副词/不定式/现在分词/过去分词，在句中作状语(表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等)或定语。‎ ‎(1)You’d better not go to sleep with the windows open.你最好不要开着窗子睡觉。‎ ‎(2)I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash(wash)．我不能丢下这些要洗的餐具就出去。‎ ‎(3)The thief was brought in with his hands tied(tie) behind his back.‎ 这个小偷被带了进来，双手被绑在背后。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(4)The old man was walking slowly and his pet dog followed him.(改为with复合结构)‎ ‎→The old man was walking slowly with his pet dog following him. ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The boss of the company is very strict with the staff，so everyone there has to be completely strict in their work.‎ ‎2．She never lost her enthusiasm(enthusiastic) for teaching.‎ ‎3．Cautiously(cautious)，he moved himself into an upright position.‎ ‎4．The engineers have made great contributions(contribute) to the design of the Chang’e Ⅲ spaceship.‎ ‎5．If only I had taken(take) his advice at that time! ‎ ‎6．Provided you didn’t try to make sense of it，it sounded beautiful.‎ ‎7．The environmental movement(move) has been trying to preserve our natural resources.‎ ‎8．With his suggestions rejected(reject)，he felt upset.‎ ‎9．She grabbed Norm’s arm and spun(spin) him around to face her.‎ ‎10．We didn’t see anyone all day，apart from a couple of kids on the beach.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎11．只有在大城市才能买到新轮椅。‎ Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair.‎ ‎12．这个老人去世了，什么也没有给他的子女留下。‎ The old man died，leaving nothing to his children.‎ ‎13．让孩子那样受苦没有道理。‎ There’s no sense in making a child suffer like that.‎ ‎14．英语是我感兴趣的科目之一。‎ English is one of the subjects in which I am interested.‎ ‎15．随着冬天的临近，是时候买暖和的衣服了。(with的复合结构)‎ With winter coming on/approaching，it’s time to buy warm clothes.‎ Ⅲ.课文语法填空 Nicolaus Copernicus was born in Poland in 1473.In 1496，he went to Italy where he 16.studied(study) law and medicine and so on until he came back to his homeland in 1506.He later worked for the church till he died in 1543.Copernicus lived in a time 17.when people still believed everything moved around the earth in the universe.But through his years of 18.observations(observe) and mathematical calculations，Copernicus became 19.confused(confuse) because he found the earth was not the centre of the solar system.He kept improving his new theory until he felt it was complete in 1514.He suggested that the earth 20.was spinning(spin) while going round the sun.His friends encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was 21.cautious(caution)．He didn’t want 22.to be attacked(attack) by the Christian Church.Finally，as he lay dying in 1543，he published the theory 23.that the sun，not the earth，is the centre of the solar system.Copernicus has set a good example to us，sticking to the 24.scientific(science) truth and bravely breaking away 25.from the old view.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.微写作 ‎ 写作素材 (关于医学)‎ ‎1．布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。‎ ‎2．专家通过各种尝试为他治疗。‎ ‎3．之后他们宣布病毒被打败了。‎ ‎4．但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。‎ ‎5．人们说这种病毒该受责备。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句，need doing等。‎ ‎ 连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ Black was severely ill because of being exposed to a deadly virus.After all the attempts to cure him，the experts announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending before he was fully recovered.People said that the virus was to blame.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family.When she was young，she took lessons in music and drawing，and read great books.She also travelled a great deal with her mother and father.‎ As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure.She enjoyed helping them.‎ At last，her mind was made up.“I’m going to be a nurse，” she decided.‎ ‎“Nursing isn’t the right work for a lady，” her father told her.‎ ‎“Then I will make it so，” she smiled.And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.When she returned to England，Florence started a nursing home for women.‎ During the Crimean War in 1854，she went with a group of thirtyeight nurses to the front hospital.What they saw there was terrible.Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital，either.But the brave nurses went to work.‎ Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes，beds，medicines and food for the men.Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers.But they were more than enough for this kind woman.‎ After war，she returned to England and was honoured for her service by Queen Victoria.But Florence said that her work had just begun.She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health，which was printed in several countries.‎ Florence Nightingale passed away at the age of ninety，still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse.Indeed，it is because of her that we honour nurses today.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了护理行业的创始人——南丁格尔，她为了护理别人而奉献了自己的一生。‎ ‎1．When she was a child，Florence .‎ A．wrote a book on public health B．knew what her duty in life was C．loved to help the sick people D．was most interested in music and drawing 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，她很喜欢照顾病人。故C项正确。‎ ‎2．During the Crimean War in 1854，Florence served in the front hospital where .‎ A．she earned a lot of money B．work was very difficult C．few soldiers died because of her work D．she didn’t have enough food and clothes 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第六段第二、三、四句可知，当时的工作条件很艰苦。故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Why was Florence honoured by Queen Victoria?‎ A．Because she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses.‎ B．Because of her old age.‎ C．Because she worked as a nurse all her life.‎ D．Because she did a great deal of work during the Crimean War.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，正是因为在战争中所做的事情让她受到了女王的表彰。故D正确。‎ ‎4．The passage can be best described as .‎ A．the life story of a famous woman B．a description of the nursing work C．an example of successful education D．the history of nursing in England 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。本文介绍了护理行业的创始人——南丁格尔，她为了护理别人而奉献了自己的一生。故A正确。‎ B ‎(2018•宁波余姚中学高二期中)‎ The first Ferris wheel was built for the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago.The people who planned the fair were looking for an attraction that would bring people to Chicago.The Eiffel Tower had been a great success for the fair in Paris in 1889，and they wanted something like that.‎ George Ferris handed in a drawing of a giant wheel that people could ride on.At first everyone laughed at his strange idea.But Mr Ferris didn’t give up，and finally the idea was accepted.The ride opened in June of 1893.‎ That first wheel had thirtysix enclosed cars，each holding sixty passengers.When filled，it carried 2,160 people.During that summer in Chicago one and a half million people rode the Ferris wheel，which was named after Ferris.Six platforms were used to pick up and drop off passengers.Each ride was two full turns of the wheel.On the first turn，it made six stops for loading.Then the second turn was a nonstop nineminute ride.Each car had five large glass windows in front and in back，giving everyone a great view of Chicago and Lake Michigan.‎ After the fair the ride was moved to a nearby amusement park built especially to show off the wheel.In 1904 it was moved again—this time to St.Louis for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition.After the fair in St.Louis closed，the wheel stood unused.In 1906 it was finally sold to a company for scrap(废弃材料)metal.It took 200 pounds of dynamite to bring it down.‎ Fortunately a Chicago bridge builder，W.E.Sullivan，figured out how to make a smaller Ferris wheel that could easily be taken apart and put together.In 1906 he started the company that still makes many of the Ferris wheels used today.‎ But whenever you ride one，remember that it all began with George Ferris’ very strange idea.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲了Ferris成功设计了摩天轮，并且直到今天，摩天轮依然风靡于全球。‎ ‎5．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Large designs are more successful than small ones.‎ B．Riding a Ferris wheel is the best way to travel around the world.‎ C．World’s fair attracted millions of visitors to Chicago from all around the world.‎ D．Ferris’ design was so successful that Ferris wheels are still around today.‎ 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了Ferris成功设计了摩天轮，并且直到今天，摩天轮依然风靡于全球，故选D。‎ ‎6．The first Ferris wheel was mainly built to .‎ A．make George Ferris wellknown worldwide B．attract visitors to an event in Chicago C．match the Eiffel Tower in Paris D．bring fun to people in Chicago 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第一段中的“The people who planned the fair were looking for an attraction that would bring people to Chicago.”可知第一个摩天轮被设计主要是用来吸引游客去芝加哥，故选B。‎ ‎7．What does the author think of George Ferris?‎ A．He showed great creativity in the Ferris wheel design.‎ B．His Ferris wheel design was impractical.‎ C．He was a leader in the amusement industry.‎ D．He did a lot better than W．E.Sullivan.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由第二段和最后一段可知在摩天轮的设计中，George Ferris表现出了巨大的创造力，故选A。‎ ‎8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A．To persuade the reader to ride a Ferris wheel.‎ B．To describe the success of the 1893 World’s Fair.‎ C．To inform the reader about the first Ferris wheel ever built.‎ D．To entertain the reader with a story about World’s Fairs in the US.‎ 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。这篇文章主要讲了Ferris成功设计了摩天轮，并且直到今天，摩天轮依然风靡于全球，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者历史上第一个摩天轮的情况，故选C。‎ Ⅱ.读后续写 ‎(2018•嘉兴第一中学高二期中)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ The event that stands out in Tom’s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.‎ ‎“Quick！Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop，” someone yelled.‎ Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to ‎ investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.‎ Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor(走廊) through the smoke.‎ They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed suit.‎ Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik，Malay for auntie.Jane began banging on Makcik’s door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors—some still in their pyjamas—running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.‎ ‎“She would have run for safety like everyone else！” Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded the door.“Go downstairs.Go now! Go！” ‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane’s hand tightly.By then，both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying.‎ ‎ 　　Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane’s mind.She told them Ms Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough，Makcik was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom’s joy was immense.‎ Period Three　Grammar—The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 课文原句感知 ‎1．But he became inspired(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed(expose) to cholera.‎ ‎2．From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected(affect) person died.‎ ‎3．He found that it came from the river polluted(pollute) by the dirty water from London.‎ ‎4．Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened(frighten) and his mind was confused(confuse)．‎ ‎5．He placed a fixed(fix) sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.‎ ‎ ‎ 一、过去分词作定语 ‎1．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。‎ ‎(1)表示被动和完成 a polluted river一条被污染的河流 the watered flowers浇过水的花 ‎(2)只表示完成，不表示被动 fallen leaves落叶 the risen sun升起的太阳 ‎2．位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。‎ The student dressed in white is my daughter.‎ ‎＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.‎ 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。‎ 注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：‎ ‎(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。‎ The question discussed was very important.‎ 讨论过的那个问题很重要。‎ The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。‎ ‎(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。‎ the changing world变化着的世界the changed world改变了的世界 boiling water沸腾的水boiled water开水 developing countries发展中国家developed countries发达国家 二、过去分词作表语 ‎1．意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。‎ She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。‎ We were encouraged at the news.‎ 听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。‎ ‎2．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：‎ The book is well written.这本书写得好。The book was written by a soldier.这本书是由一位士兵写的。‎ 拓展　你知道下列各组词在作定语和表语时的区别吗？‎ exciting/excited，interesting/interested，disappointing/disappointed，encouraging/encouraged，puzzling/puzzled，surprising/surprised，pleasing/pleased，confusing/confused，moving/moved，terrifying/terrified The news is exciting.这个消息是令人兴奋的。Her excited voice suggested that she was excited.她激动的声音表明她很兴奋。‎ When he heard the moving story，he was deeply moved.当他听到这个感人的故事时，他深受感动。‎ ‎ ‎ 单句语法填空 ‎1．Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students.(2017•北京)‎ ‎2．...I was the first Western TV reporter permitted(permit) to film a special unit caring for ‎ pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016•全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎3．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016•浙江)‎ ‎4．In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.(2016•江苏)‎ ‎5．Do you find yourself getting impatient or annoyed(annoy) with people over unimportant things？(2016•上海) ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．This is the statue of a soldier seated(seat) on a horse.‎ ‎2．When I entered his room，he was buried(bury) in his books.‎ ‎3．Some of the people invited(invite) to the party couldn’t come.‎ ‎4．He is talking with a man called(call) Mr Wang.‎ ‎5．He was discouraged(discourage) when he heard his mother’s words.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎6．据说这是一座由一个年轻工程师设计的桥。‎ It is said that this is a bridge designed by a young engineer.‎ ‎7．你为什么看起来这么失望？‎ Why are you looking so disappointed?‎ ‎8．那些受伤的孩子在这个医院里得到了很好的照料。‎ The injured children were taken good care of in this hospital.‎ ‎9．我们到校时，老人正在扫地上的落叶。‎ When we got to school，the old man was sweeping the fallen leaves on the ground.‎ ‎10．这个男孩在踢足球时，摔断了左腿。‎ While the boy was playing football，his left leg got broken.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018•宁波余姚中学高二期中)‎ Many teachers believe that hands-on experience is the 11.best(good) way to learn.A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test.They 12.successfully(success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines 13.at the bottom of the sea.Students made the robot 14.to answer(answer) a challenge from the US Department of Defense.‎ The students recently tested the underwater vehicle 15.called(call) Perseus Ⅱ in a 95-meter-long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.‎ The robot costs about 15,000 to build.The students use a video game control to direct 16.its(it) movements in the tank.What’s more，devices known as Japters 17.enable(able) the robot to go up，down and toward its target in the water.Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13-meter-long cable.Perseus Ⅱ，18.which the students worked up to 20 hours a week to design and build，also has 19.a set of lasers(激光)，used to measure the size of an object.‎ DeLorme supervised the project from 20.beginning(begin) to end.He said the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Twelve years ago，Rachel Miller was lost when it came to her son John.The 7-year-old was seriously disabled because of his autism(自闭症)．Unable to speak，he withdrew from people at school and，worse，from his family.‎ In March 2003，Miller was introduced to Jeff Hancock，a one-on-one therapist(治疗师) for people with autism.Hancock was hired to be John’s companion.The two would go people-watching at the mall on the weekend.Hancock chatted throughout their trips，even though John couldn’t talk back.‎ Their relationship developed when Hancock introduced John to the Special Olympics.Whenever John was running or being active，he was smiling.‎ When John turned 12，Hancock introduced him to track at the Special Olympics.For the first three years，the pair just observed the sport by watching practices and events.Hancock worked daily with John，showing him everything，including where to sit，stand and walk，so he would understand the flow of the events.‎ Eventually，the lessons clicked，and John was off doing 50-meter sprints.But as John got older，he got stronger and faster.At 16，he was jumping hurdles and doing 800-meter races.Miller started seeing her son as a serious athlete.‎ In May 2014，John’s training brought him to the Special Olympics State Summer Games in Orlando.The 18-year-old was competing in the 800 meters and the 110-meter hurdles.‎ As the 800 was setting up，Miller remembered，she pressed her face against the fence，anxiously waiting for John to compete.But as soon as the race started，all Miller saw was an athlete，her athlete.‎ ‎“I just wanted to see the best performance.It seemed much more significant than whether he would ever speak or respond to me，” she said.‎ John ended up winning the gold medal for the 800.Sports completely changed John，and Miller said that is because of Hancock.“A person with a disability can feel hopeless and isolated，‎ and I think that can happen to parents，too.”‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了一个患有自闭症的孩子如何成长为一个合格运动员的故事。‎ ‎1．The first paragraph mainly tells us .‎ A．how Rachel Miller felt 12 years ago B．how serious John’s autism was C．John wasn’t good at communication D．when John became seriously disabled 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。通读第一段可知，本段主要讲Rachel Miller很为儿子忧心，因为他患有自闭症，而且很严重。故选B。‎ ‎2．Miller considered John to be a serious athlete .‎ A．in 2011 B．in 2012‎ C．in 2013 D．in 2014‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“At 16，he was jumping hurdles and doing 800-meter races.Miller started seeing her son as a serious athlete.”可知，在十六岁时，米勒把约翰看作是一个认真的运动员；由第六段可知，2014年时约翰十八岁，由此可推知他十六岁时应是2012年。故选B。‎ ‎3．When Miller saw John’s performance in the 800，she felt .‎ A．curious B．amazed C．delighted D．upset 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段提到“I just wanted to see the best performance.It seemed much more significant than whether he would ever speak or respond to me...”可知，约翰的表现非常好，朱勒当然感到高兴。故选C项。‎ ‎4．The passage is mainly carried out .‎ A．by giving examples B．in a sad tone C．in space order D．in time order 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章提到的时间Twelve years ago，In March 2003，When John turned 12，At 16，In May 2014可知，文章是按照时间顺序来讲述的。故选D项。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2017•辽宁葫芦岛市一中高二期中)‎ Years ago when I volunteered at a homeless shelter，I talked with a boy，Albert.He said he liked my 5 .“Do you want to see mine？” he said， 6 his leg.He was barefoot.He said he’d been meaning to pick up a pair but hadn’t gotten one.I felt a 7 feeling in my stomach.‎ A few days later I was at home helping to 8 my daughter.I smiled when I 9 the socks over her feet.At that moment，Albert flashed in my 10 .‎ At noon，I went to a department store and 11 a shopping cart with socks—nothing 12 ，just white cotton men’s socks.‎ The next morning，I drove to the Palisades Park，which is a common overnight destination for 13 individuals，I grabbed one of the 14 from my trunk and walked across the grass.It was dark out.It was a beautiful feeling to 15 before the sun and most living things.‎ I headed for a group of three men.Two were asleep and the third was digging through his shopping cart.It was loaded with plastic bottles and some clothes，and a few books—most 16 ，everything he owned in this world.As I walked toward him，he turned and 17 me，perhaps questioning my intention.‎ ‎“I thought you might 18 some new socks，” I told him，handing him a pair.He looked 19 at first but took them，smiled and said，“Thank you.” I gave two more 20 for his partners.‎ I 21 .After 20 minutes，I returned for the second bag.An hour later，I 22 all the socks.Most people were sleeping，and I felt like a(n) 23 Santa Claus.I knew when they woke up they would find a very meaningful 24 .That gave me an amazing feeling.‎ 语篇解读　作者在一次收容所的志愿活动中，听到一个男孩说自己想要双袜子却不可得。后来作者去当地的公园给流浪汉分发袜子，并体会到助人的愉悦。‎ ‎5．A.books B．bags C．socks D．trousers 答案　C 解析　根据下文的“‘Do you want to see mine？’ he said， his leg.He was barefoot.”可知，孩子喜欢作者的袜子。故选C。‎ ‎6．A.lifting B．hiding C．folding D．bending 答案　A 解析　孩子让我看他的脚，可以推知，此处意为：抬起腿。lift抬起。故选A。‎ ‎7．A.genuine B．strong C．curious D．sinking 答案　D 解析　看到孩子光着脚并说一直想要一双袜子，作者的内心是沮丧的。sinking沮丧的。故选D。‎ ‎8．A.feed B．dress C．teach D．comfort 答案　B 解析　根据下文的“I smiled when I the socks over her feet.”可知，作者在帮女儿穿衣服。dress给……穿衣服。‎ ‎9．A.threw B．touched C．wrapped D．slid 答案　D 解析　当我把袜子穿在女儿脚上时，我想到了那个光脚的男孩。slide(使)滑动，悄声地移动。故选D。‎ ‎10．A.position B．view C．mind D．room 答案　C 解析　我想起了那个男孩。mind 心里，脑海。故选C。‎ ‎11．A.filled B．equipped C．decorated D．exchanged 答案　A 解析　我去超市买袜子，放满了手推车。fill充满。故选A。‎ ‎12．A.ugly B．cheap C．difficult D．fancy 答案　D 解析　根据下文的“just white cotton men’s socks”可知，我买的袜子只是普通的白色男士棉袜，没有任何华丽的装饰。fancy华丽的。故选D。‎ ‎13．A.wealthy B．homeless C．lazy D．proud 答案　B 解析　根据下文的描述可知，我前往一个给无家可归的人们居住的地方。homeless无家可归的。故选B。‎ ‎14．A.parcels B．containers C．bags D．boxes 答案　C 解析　根据下文的“After 20 minutes，I returned for the second bag.”可知，此处选C。 ‎ ‎15．A.get up B．leave behind C．get back D．turn down 答案　A 解析　此处的意思为“起得早的感觉非常好”。get up 起床。故选A。‎ ‎16．A.unbelievably B．strangely C．importantly D．likely 答案　D 解析　车里的书和衣服等可能就是这个流浪者在这个世界上所拥有的一切。likely很可能，或许。故选D。‎ ‎17．A.attacked B．watched C．found D．asked 答案　B 解析　当我走到他身边时，他转过来看着我。watch注视。故选B。‎ ‎18．A.choose B．purchase C．need D．donate 答案　C 解析　我想你或许需要一些新袜子。根据上文可知答案。need需要。‎ ‎19．A.confused B．ashamed C．shocked D．happy 答案　A 解析　根据常识可知，突然有陌生人提供袜子，他刚开始应该是疑惑的。confused疑惑的。故选A。‎ ‎20．A.socks B．packages C．dollars D．pairs 答案　D 解析　此处应是我又拿出了两双袜子给他的同伴。pair一双。所以选D。 ‎ ‎21．A.talked B．moved C．played D．held 答案　B 解析　根据下文可知，此处指作者离开他们，继续给其他人分发袜子。move移动。‎ ‎22．A.sold out B．put away C．gave out D．turned away 答案　C 解析　我的袜子分发完了。give out分发。故选C。‎ ‎23．A.real B．honest C．grateful D．reliable 答案　A 解析　我感觉自己像一个真正的圣诞老人。real 真正的。故选A。‎ ‎24．A.book B．change C．life D．present 答案　D 解析　我知道当他们醒来的时候会发现这份有意义的礼物。present礼物。故选D。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017•安徽师大附中高二月考)‎ You are twenty-one years old and live a happy and 25.peaceful(peace) life.But one day，your doctor tells you that you have a serious disease and will die soon.What would you do？26.Probably(probable) most of us might feel very sad and give up our dreams and hopes for the future.Here is 27.what the great scientist，Stephen Hawking，did.‎ Hawking wasn’t 28.discouraged(discourage) because of his physical condition.Instead，he went on with his study of the universe.In 2002，Hawking 29.was invited(invite) to China.He told Chinese students about his theories and thoughts 30.on some of the greatest questions：what is time，how the universe began，and what are black holes.He impressed the audience with his humor,31.confidence(confident) and of course his wisdom.‎ Hawking became famous in the early 1970s.In 1988，he wrote A Brief History of Time，in 32.which he explained difficult theories in a simple way.The book 33.has been selling(sell) well since it came out.‎ Stephen Hawking is a man with a strong will and he is regarded as the 34.greatest(great) mind in physics since Albert Einstein.‎ Ⅳ.概要写作 ‎(2018•温州 “十五校联合体”高二期中联考)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ When was the last time you sent someone a letter by regular mail？Thanks to the Internet，many people prefer to send e-mails rather than mail letters using the postal system.Young people entering the working world today find themselves sending and replying to hundreds of business related e-mails every week.‎ However，many of these same young people don’t seem to know some basic rules when it comes to sending e-mails at work.Most of the people said they didn’t check their spelling or ‎ punctuation(标点) before hitting “send”．Even more surprising was that 5% of them said they sometimes end e-mails to their boss with the words “love and kisses！” While this is fine for personal messages to friends and loved ones，it is normally considered improper in work place.‎ The main reason for this use of informal language in workplace e-mail is that a lot of young people have always communicated with others on the Internet—especially using e-mails—in a relaxed and friendly manner.For many people，online communication outside of work，such as talking with others in chat rooms，posting on message boards，and sending e-mails to friends，is usually for fun.‎ Another reason is that young people now are unfamiliar with how to write formal letters，because they have never had to write a formal letter before.They have had no training in how to write a basic business letter，and are unaware of the style and language that should，and should not be used.‎ With more business letters now being conducted using the Internet than ever before，it is important for people to be aware of the differences in language use between personal and business communication—especially when using e-mails.So next time you send an e-mail at the office，remember you’re not just online，you’re at work.‎ ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Despite the popularity of sending work e-mails among young people，many of them ignore some simple rules of letter writing by using informal language.That’s mainly because they’re accustomed to communicating casually online.A lack of knowledge of formal letter writing can also account for their failure to write appropriately.However，with e-mails widely used in workplace，people should learn to write formally in business e-mails.‎ Period Four　Writing—Persuasive writing：letter ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 本单元的写作项目是“劝说信”。劝说信要求就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题劝说某人采纳自己的建议或看法。可以通过以下三个部分来进行写作：‎ 第一部分：引入话题。说明写信的主要目的。 ‎ 第二部分：阐述理由。说明给某人提出建议的理由。 ‎ 第三部分：总结全文。重申自己的核心观点，提出希望。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．引入：‎ ‎(1)I am writing to...‎ ‎(2)I hope that...‎ ‎(3)That is to say...‎ ‎(4)As far as I am concerned...‎ ‎(5)In my opinion...‎ ‎(6)Personally...‎ ‎2．阐述：‎ ‎(1)Here are my reasons.First of all，I think it would be better if...‎ ‎(2)Second，...Third，...‎ ‎(3)Moreover...‎ ‎(4)What’s more...‎ ‎(5)However...‎ ‎(6)Instead...‎ ‎(7)Here I’d like to give my advice on...‎ ‎(8)I would like to suggest that...‎ ‎(9)If I were you，I would...‎ ‎3．总结：‎ ‎(1)In short...‎ ‎(2)All things considered...‎ ‎(3)To sum up...‎ ‎(4)In brief...‎ ‎(5)Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision. ‎ ‎ ‎ 假如你是李华，请你给在外地读书，正在生病的朋友王鹏写一封说服性信函，说明锻炼的重要性和好处，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数80左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎ ‎ 写作要求是给正在生病的朋友写一封信，劝他积极锻炼身体。写作时应注意下面几点：‎ ‎1．确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是学生熟悉的书信，写作中应注意书信的常规格式。‎ ‎2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。‎ ‎3．主体人称：由于是劝说别人积极锻炼身体，所以人称应该以第二人称为主。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 联想词汇 ‎ ‎1．全神贯注于……be absorbed in ‎2．对……有害be harmful to/do harm to ‎3．对……有益处be beneficial to/do sb.good ‎4．导致，有助于contribute to/result in/lead to ‎5．总之in a word ‎6．提出put forward ‎7．从今以后from now on ‎ 句式升级 ‎ ‎1．你全身心投入学习，所以没有时间锻炼。‎ ‎ You have had no time for exercise because you have been so absorbed in study.(because)‎ ‎ You have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise.(so...that...)‎ ‎2．但是它确实对你的健康有害。‎ ‎ But it is really harmful to your health.(harmful)‎ ‎ But it really does harm to your health. (harm)‎ ‎3．你有了健康的身体，才能一直学习而不生病。‎ ‎ You can keep on studying without feeling bad or ill on condution that you have a strong body.(on condition that)‎ ‎ Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill.(倒装句)‎ ‎ ‎ Dear Wang Peng，‎ I am sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you have got better now.You have been so absorbed in study that you have had no time for exercise.But it is really harmful to your health.I feel it would be more beneficial to your health if you could take more exercise in future.‎ In fact，exercise can contribute to your health and fresh your mind.Only when you have a strong body can you keep on studying without feeling bad or ill.‎ In a word，exercise is as useful and important as your study.So I put forward a suggestion that you take at least one hour’s exercise every day from now on.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018•福建泉港一中高二期中) ‎ One spring，when I was 10，during one of my father’s layoffs(失业)，I could tell my mother was unhappy.I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift.‎ One day after school I rode my bike to the Agins，which，I learned years later，was known for its highend fashions and styles.I introduced myself to Sylvia Agins，telling her I was looking for a ‎ Mother’s Day present.‎ ‎“Do you think she’d like a purse？” she asked.“I thought she might，”I told her.‎ She took out an Italian handbag made of leather.She asked me what I thought，and I told her that my mom would like it.‎ ‎“How much money do you have？” she asked.‎ ‎“Twelve dollars，” I said.‎ ‎“You’re in luck，” she told me.“It’s only 11.You have a dollar left over for the card.” She giftwrapped the purse and thanked me for my business，and I rode off home with the package under my arm.‎ When my mother opened the gift the next Sunday morning，she asked in an accusing tone，“Where did you get this？”‎ ‎“I bought it at the Agins.It cost me 11，”I said.‎ My mother was shocked into silence.‎ It wasn’t until many years later，when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me.I always felt bad that I never had a chance to properly thank her.‎ ‎“You know，my son，what really amazes me to this day，” my mother said，“Letting you have the purse for just a few dollars was unbelievable enough.But the fact that she let you leave the store with a dollar for the card was a touch of kindness that I’ll never forget.”‎ 语篇解读　因为想逗因父亲失业而心情低落的母亲开心，作者决定送母亲一个特别的母亲节礼物。了解情况后的店主Syliva Agins将价值几百美元的钱包以11美元的价格出售给了作者。这一暖心举动让作者和他的母亲感动不已。‎ ‎1．The author bought his mother a purse to .‎ A．make his mother happy B．surprise his mother C．show his ability of making money D．thank his mother for buying him a bike 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...my mother was unhappy.I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift.”可知，作者想送给妈妈一个特别的母亲节礼物让她开心，故选A。‎ ‎2．Why was the author’s mother shocked into silence?‎ A．She wasn’t expecting a gift from her son.‎ B．The purse was bought from the Agins.‎ C．The author bought a card to go with the purse.‎ D．The Agins charged so little money for the purse.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据“‘I bought it at the Agins.It cost me 11，’I said.My mother was shocked into silence.”可知，妈妈被钱包如此低的价格吓到了，故选D。‎ ‎3．Sylvia Agins’ behavior shows that .‎ A．she is good at making money B．she is kind and thoughtful C．she knows how to choose presents D．she is critical and mean 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me”及最后一段最后一句可知，Sylvia Agins把价值几百美元的钱包便宜卖给了作者，而且还给作者留下买卡片的钱，说明她很善良，很体贴，故选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．An Unforgettable Event B．A Priceless Mother’s Day Gift C．A Considerate Mother D．A Kindhearted Shop Owner 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“I decided to cheer her up by buying her a special Mother’s Day gift.”和倒数第二段中的“when I learned that the purse was worth several hundred dollars，that I appreciated just how wonderful Sylvia Agins had been to me”及最后一段可知，文章主要讲的是作者想给妈妈买母亲节礼物，店主Sylvia Agins以特价便宜卖给作者一个钱包，这个钱包包含着她的善意，因此是无价的，故选B。‎ B ‎(2017•河南天一大联考高二段考)‎ Tenyearold Lena Draper decided to reach out to the Marion Police Department on Facebook after getting stuck on the maths questions.Instead of ignoring her request，Ohio officer Lieutenant B．J.Gruber did his best to lend a hand.‎ Lena informed the policeman that she was stuck on the problem(8＋29)×15.He quickly responded：“Do the numbers in the parentheses(括号) first so in fact it would be 37×15.”‎ After settling the first question，Lieutenant Gruber was given a more difficult task.Lena asked ‎ him for the answer to (90＋27)＋(29＋15)×2.The confident officer responded with what he believed to be the correct answer，advising: “Take the answer from the first parentheses plus the answer from the second parentheses and multiply that answer by two.Work left to right doing the work in parentheses first.”‎ But embarrassingly，Facebook users were quick to notice that his maths solving didn’t quite add up.To solve the problem，you must actually add the numbers in the second parentheses and multiply the answer by two，before adding the numbers in the first set of brackets.‎ Lena’s mum Molly said，“I didn’t believe her at first.I thought it was pretty funny.I was happy，but not surprised that they responded so quickly.They are wonderful with their communication with the community.”‎ After Lieutenant Gruber was told about the mistake，he joked：“Hoping it is truly the thought that counts since obviously I can’t! Especially since the answer was wrong，it was very nice for Molly to recognize our attempt to help her daughter with some maths homework.”‎ It’s not the first time that adults have been left feeling trapped by a maths assignment aimed at kids.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要讲述了中尉B.J.Gruber在脸谱网上努力帮助小女孩解决数学问题的故事，虽然答案错了，但孩子母亲很感激他的努力。‎ ‎5．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．A new job is added to the police.‎ B．A new approach to maths problemsolving.‎ C．The Marion Police Department’s Facebook page.‎ D．A policeman helps a girl with her maths problems.‎ 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了中尉B.J.Gruber在脸谱网上努力帮助小女孩解决数学问题的故事。故选D。‎ ‎6．According to the policeman，the result of the second problem is .‎ A．205 B．322‎ C．456 D．555‎ 答案　B 解析　数字计算题。根据第三段中他的建议“Take the answer from the first parentheses plus the answer from the second parentheses and multiply that answer by two.”可知，中尉认为解题方法是：第一个括号的计算结果加上第二个括号的结果，然后再乘以二，即(90＋27)＋(29＋15)＝161,161×2＝322。故选B。‎ ‎7．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．Some adults are too stupid to help kids with their homework.‎ B．Some homework for children is not as easy as it appears.‎ C．It is stupid for Lieutenant Gruber to make the mistake.‎ D．Kids often ask the police to help them with their homework.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。最后一段“It’s not the first time that adults have been left feeling trapped by a maths assignment aimed at kids.”表明成人不止一次被给孩子们做的数学题绊住，由此可推知，现在一些给孩子们的作业并不像看起来那么简单。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018•福建长汀一中高二期中联考)‎ When choosing Chinese universities，it is necessary for students to take both university conditions and selfqualifications into consideration. 8 The following factors should be considered carefully before making decisions.‎ Students’ graduation result Students’ graduation result provided during the application is the key reference for the university to decide whether to admit or not.The stronger comprehensive strength and better reputation the university has，the stricter requirement for students’ graduation result will be. 9 ‎ Economy conditions ‎ The cost of the study in China is relatively cheap，while daily expenses are not exactly the same in different areas.In Beijing，Shanghai，Guangzhou and other developed coastal cities，the daily expense can be relatively higher than that of inland.These cities’ living conditions are relatively better and entertainment and recreational facilities are richer.Therefore，when choosing universities，your economy factor needs to be taken into account.‎ ‎ 10 ‎ China is a large country and the northern and southern China has many differences in climate and diet custom. 11 Students need to consider whether the climate，traffic，diet，and culture of the city that university lies in are as expected before applying，so as to choose suitable universities.‎ Professional or comprehensive strength In China，universities can be divided into comprehensive and professional two kinds.Which is more important，professional strength or comprehensive strength? 12 If you want to make achievements in professional field，we suggest that you consider professional kind of university.If ‎ you want to get diploma of a university which is comprehensive strength strong and wellknown，the comprehensive kind of university may be better to meet your demand.‎ A．Location preference B．Each city has its own characteristics.‎ C．There is no absolute answer actually.‎ D．Students sometimes get stuck when choosing majors.‎ E．Everyone hopes to choose suitable Chinese university reasonably.‎ F．You should make a reasonable assessment about selfqualifications.‎ G．So apply for a suitable university according to your graduation result.‎ 答案　8.E　9.G　10.A　11.B　12.C Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tom因身材瘦小经常受到同学们的欺凌(bully)，这令他感到非常苦恼。请你用英语给他写封邮件，主要内容包括：‎ ‎1．表示安慰；‎ ‎2．进行劝解；‎ ‎3．给出建议。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ I’m worried about your being bullied by your classmates. ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Dear Tom，‎ I’m worried about your being bullied by your classmates.I believe everything will be better for you.I also hope you could be optimistic about your life and become the boy who is confident and happy.After all，it isn’t your fault.You don’t need to feel nervous because of others’ behavior.There are some suggestions I want to share with you.‎ Firstly，you can make yourself stronger with knowledge.As a saying goes，“Knowledge is power.” Secondly，you should talk to your teacher to ask for help.Finally，you’d better take part ‎ in some events you feel interested in to open your mind and get more chances to get along with your classmates.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua