2019届一轮复习译林版选修五Unit2Theenvironment单元学案设计（28页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修五Unit2Theenvironment单元学案设计（28页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修五Unit2The environment单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．circumstance n．情况；形势；环境 ‎ ‎2．conservation n．保存；保护 ‎3．protect v．保护 ‎4．recycle v．回收；再循环 ‎5．waste v．浪费 ‎6．pollution n．污染 ‎7．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 ‎8．run out of用完；用尽 ‎9．realize the importance of environment 意识到环境的重要性 ‎10．arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection提高人们的环保意识 话题佳作 你校计划进行一次宣传活动，主题是保护人类共同的朋友——动物。现请你就此写一份宣传材料，内容包括动物的生存现状、动物对于人类的重要性等，并且在最后提出倡议。‎ 佳作欣赏 Dear friends，‎ ‎ Have you noticed that the number of rare animals is on the decrease？With ‎ our environment going worse，many animals can’t adapt themselves to the new changes so that many species are endangered or have even died out.Besides，human activity also has a great influence on them.For example，people often kill them in order to get their meat or fur.‎ Animals are our friends.They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.We can’t live without them.What’s more，both humans and animals should share the earth equally.To show our love to animals can definitely help us live more happily.‎ To conclude，please remember your care can make a difference.Join us in protecting our best friends—animals.‎ 名师点睛 本文层次清楚，第一段描写动物受到威胁的现状，第二段是动物对人类的重要性，第三段提出了倡议。作者的遣词造句还有以下特点：(1)短语的有效运用。文中出现了大量的短语，如：on the decrease，adapt oneself to，die out，have a great influence on，in order to，play an important role in，make a difference等，这些短语的恰当使用丰富了文章的语言，也有助于准确地表达文意。(2)较复杂句式的使用也是该文的一个亮点，如：with复合结构和so that句型。(3)作者成功地使用了多个副词来表达强烈的感情，如：equally，definitely等。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．debate n．&vi.辩论；争论，讨论 ‎2．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的 ‎3．responsibility n．责任，职责 ‎4．belief n．看法；信念 ‎5．willing adj.愿意的，乐意的 ‎6．arrival n．到来，抵达；到达者 ‎7．arrest vt.&n.逮捕 ‎8. impress vt.使印象深刻 ‎9．decrease vt.&vi.&n.减少 ‎10．measure n．措施，方法；尺度；vt.测量；估量，判定 ‎11．flood n．洪水；大批，大量；vt.&vi.泛滥；淹没；大量涌入 ‎12. range n．范围；一系列；山脉；vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序 ‎13．appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感激；领会 appreciation n．感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定，评估 ‎14．particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的 particularly adv.尤其，特别 ‎15．absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注 absorbed adj.全神贯注的，专心致志的 ‎16．decade n．十年 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎17．economy n．经济(情况)；经济体 ‎18．billion n．十亿 ‎19．production n．产量；生产 produce vt.&vi.生产，制造；n.产品；(尤指)农产品 product n．产品；产物 ‎20．recycle vt.&vi.回收利用 ‎21．environmental adj.环境的 ‎22．operate vt.&vi.经营；动手术 ‎23．credit n．赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分 ‎24．quantity n．数量 ‎25．customs n．海关；关税 ‎26．economic adj.经济的 ‎27．conflict vi.&n.冲突；抵触；矛盾 ‎28．administration n．管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府 ‎29．illegal adj.违法的，非法的 illegally adv.违法地，非法地 legal adj.法律许可的，合法的 legally adv.法律上，合法地 ‎30．conservation n．(对自然环境的)保护 conserve vt.保护；保存 ‎31．climate n．气候 ‎32．lowcarbon adj.低碳的 ‎33．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆 ‎34．engine n．发动机，引擎 ‎35．fuel n．燃料；vt.&vi.提供燃料；加油 ‎36．consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费 consumer n．消费者，顾客，用户 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce(production) your music.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎2．Students who are successful in an online course are usually capable of working independently in a responsible(responsibility) and honest manner.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎3．As for the working environment(environmental)，Tanis prefers working by herself.(2016·北京)‎ ‎4．Hundreds of people have formed impressions(impress) of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎5．He looked at the shop window with greedy(greed) eyes.‎ ‎6．I don’t think I have a particularly(particular) good chance of getting the job，but it's certainly worth trying for.‎ ‎7．As he grew older，his appreciation(appreciate) of art grew.‎ ‎8．However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed(absorb)．(2016·北京)‎ ‎9．More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy(economic)．‎ ‎(2015·四川)‎ ‎10．We waited for the arrival(arrive) of our guests.‎ ‎1．open the floor自由发言 ‎2．cut back on减少，削减，缩减 ‎3．use up用尽 ‎4．run out(of)用完，耗尽 ‎5．clean up打扫(或清除)干净 ‎6．queue up排队等候 ‎7．pick out找出，挑选 ‎8．under way进行中 ‎9．in/with regard to关于，至于 ‎10．let off排放 ‎11．in particular尤其，特别 ‎12．do one’s part尽自己的职责 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ The population of the world is growing larger，and we are 1.using up(用尽) natural resources.What if they 2.run out(用完)？3.In/With regard to(关于) the topic，we held a class meeting and 4.opened the floor(自由发言) for discussion.As follows are the students’ opinions.Firstly，factories should try to 5.cut back on(减少) the products made directly from raw materials.Secondly，the government should make more strict laws to protect the environment.Last but not least，we students 6.in particular(尤其)‎ ‎ should 7.do our part(尽我们的职责) to devote ourselves to sustainable development.‎ ‎1．“do/does/did＋动词原形”表强调 However，I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，and less from raw materials，the supply of which is growing smaller and smaller.‎ 然而，我确实赞同我们应该利用回收材料制造更多的产品，减少原材料的使用，因为原材料的供应越来越紧张。‎ 仿写　他确实每天都去图书馆。‎ He does go to the library every day.‎ ‎2．What if...?‎ What if they run out?‎ 如果它们用完了怎么办呢？‎ 仿写　如果外星人来到地球怎么办？‎ What if aliens should come to the earth? ‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that...‎ There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.‎ 毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。‎ 仿写　毫无疑问你能和他们友好相处。(2014·天津)‎ There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.‎ ‎ debate n．辩论；讨论 vt.争论；思考 vi.辩论 ‎(1)After a long debate，the House of Commons approved the bill.‎ 经过长时间的辩论， 下议院通过了议案。(牛津高阶)‎ ‎(2)They debated/had a debate about/on/over who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 o’clock.‎ 就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任，他们一直辩论到9点。‎ ‎(3)The suggestion is still under debate.‎ 那个提议仍然还在讨论中。‎ debate on/over/about sth.就某事辩论 have a debate on/over/about就……辩论 under debate正在讨论中 beyond debate毋庸置疑 　debate，argue，quarrel，discuss ‎(1)debate多指公开、正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论，侧重双方各自申诉理由。‎ ‎(2)argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方。‎ ‎(3)quarrel争吵，因生气而发生语言冲突。‎ ‎(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的磋商，以便统一认识。‎ ‎[选词填空]‎ ‎(1)He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday.‎ ‎(2)Those girls are always quarrelling over little things.‎ ‎(3)In today’s meeting we will further discuss what to teach during the next week.‎ ‎(4)The whole class debated heatedly on how to raise enough money.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。‎ We are debating what to do next.‎ ‎(6)这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。‎ The truth of this news is beyond debate.‎ ‎ belief n．看法；信念 ‎(1)One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world.‎ 一个关于电视的传统观点是，它降低了孩子的思考能力和理解世界的能力。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(2)He has lost his belief in God.‎ 他已经不相信上帝了。‎ ‎(1)belief in sth./sb.对……相信 beyond (one’s) belief难以置信 hold the belief that持有……的观点 It is one’s belief that...某人相信……‎ ‎(2)believe v．相信 believe in信任；信赖 believe it or not信不信由你 It is believed that...据信……‎ belief后跟介词in，表示“相信……”；也经常接that引导的名词性从句。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)My brother has a firm belief in the value of cold bath.‎ ‎(2)It is generally believed that seeing is believing.‎ ‎(3)He comes to me in the belief that I can help him.‎ ‎(4)The story of his life is beyond my belief.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(5)I believe that good manners are very important to everybody.‎ It is my belief that good manners are very important to everybody.‎ ‎(6)It is believed that he has told the truth.‎ He is believed to have told the truth.‎ ‎ operate v．经营；动手术；操作(机器)；(机器)运转；运作 ‎(1)What skills are needed to operate this machinery?‎ 操作这种机器需要什么技能？(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)The new regulations will come into operation next Sunday. ‎ 新的规章下星期日起生效。‎ ‎(1)operate on/upon sb.给某人动手术 ‎(2)operation n．操作；经营；手术；运算 be in operation在运转；在行动中；在实施中 come into operation开始工作(生效)‎ put...into operation实施；实行 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You want to let a robot operate on/upon me?‎ ‎(2)The system has been in operation for six months.‎ ‎(3)This machine is very easy to operate(operate)．‎ ‎(4)In the good care of the nurses，the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation(operate)．‎ ‎(5)He dialed the operator(operate) and put in a call for Rome.‎ ‎ measure v．测量；度量；量度为；估量，判定 n．措施；方法；尺度；标准；计量制；计量单位 ‎(1)Could you measure the height of the wall for me? ‎ 你能为我量一下墙的高度吗？(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?‎ 我们仅仅是敷衍还是采取实际措施去保护它呢？‎ take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物 measure...by...用……来衡量……‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)You should take effective measures(measure) to improve your working conditions.‎ ‎(2)Please make a suit to my measure.‎ ‎(3)Urgent measures have been taken(take) to prevent car emission；but even so，its influence is still great enough to cause smog and acid rain.‎ ‎(4)Education shouldn’t be measured(measure) purely by examination results.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 meters.(用独立主格结构改写)‎ There are some tall trees on the hill，some measuring 30 meters.‎ ‎ range n．种类；范围；一系列；山脉 v．排列；涉及；包括；(在一定范围内变化)‎ ‎(1)The drug is effective against a range of bacteria.‎ 这种药品对一类细菌有效。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)Be sure that the game you select is within the range of your students’ ability.‎ 注意你所选的游戏一定得在学生的能力范围内。‎ a range of一系列……‎ beyond/out of one’s range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围；在……无法触及的地方 in/within the range of在……范围之内 range from...to...从……到……之间变化 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school.‎ ‎(2)We have a range of men’s shirts on special offer.‎ ‎(3)Topics range from beauty to the risks of drinking.‎ ‎ appreciate v．欣赏，赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到 ‎(1)He knew how much we loved the place and that we’d appreciate the years of work they had put into their home.‎ 他知道我们很喜爱这所房子，我们将会赏识他们多年来为这所房子所付出的劳动。(2015·天津)‎ ‎(2)I would appreciate it very much if you could give me an early reply.‎ 如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。‎ ‎(1)appreciate doing...感激做……‎ I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。‎ ‎(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激 in appreciation of欣赏；感激 ‎(1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。‎ ‎(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。‎ ‎(3)其后不直接跟if或when等引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.‎ ‎(2)He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what she had done.‎ ‎(3)I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.‎ ‎(4)He is given a rise in appreciation of his excellent work.‎ ‎ cut back on减少；削减；缩减 ‎(1)If we don’t sell more goods，we’ll have to cut back on production.‎ 我们若不能增加货物的销售量，就必须大幅度降低产量。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)I must cut out going to bed too late.‎ 我必须改掉晚睡的习惯。‎ cut down砍倒；削减；压缩 cut in插嘴 cut up切碎；使痛心 cut off切断；阻隔 cut out剪掉；删掉；停止 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)遮荫之树不可砍。‎ Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade.‎ ‎(2)我感觉与世隔绝好多年了。‎ I felt I had been cut off from the outside world for years.‎ ‎(3)他因儿子死了极为悲伤。‎ He was badly cut up by the death of his son.‎ ‎(4)别人谈话时不要插嘴。‎ Don’t try to cut in while others are talking.‎ ‎ run out of (人)用完；从……中流出/跑出 ‎(1)Along the way，I realized that I had run out of resumes.‎ 在路上，我意识到我已用完了我的简历。‎ ‎(2)If the cash runs out，your shopping time is over for the day.‎ 如果现金用完了，你一天的购物时间就结束了。‎ run out结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态) run across跑着穿过；偶然碰见 run after追捕；跟踪；追求 run away跑开；逃走 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) in the long run从长远来看 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)One day she happened to run across Xiao Liu.‎ ‎(2)The changes in the city will cost quite a lot，but they will save us money in the long run.‎ ‎(3)If you run after two hares，you will catch neither.‎ ‎(4)Lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.‎ ‎(5)In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out.‎ ‎(6)A soldier will not run away in face of danger.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(7)He ran out of his ink.(用his ink作主语改写)‎ His ink was run out of/ran out/was used up.‎ ‎ pick out挑出；辨别出；认出；领会 ‎(1)Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now，since you are an expert.‎ 因为你是行家，也许你能帮我挑选一条牛仔裤。(2014·四川)‎ ‎(2)Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ 山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。‎ ‎(3)The gardener picked off the dead flowers.‎ 园丁摘掉了凋谢的花。‎ pick up捡起；使恢复；得到(知识等)；开车接某人 pick off去除；剪除 ‎[写出下列句子中pick out的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)I have picked out the bad potatoes from the basket.挑出，拣出 ‎(2)He picked out an old friend in the crowd.认出 ‎(3)I can’t pick out the meaning of the poem. 领会 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(4)You should not pick off any of the flowers.‎ ‎(5)I will pick you up after work this afternoon.‎ ‎(6)It’s easy for her to pick out her son among the children.‎ ‎(7)He was picked(pick) out from dozens of applicants for the job.‎ ‎ credit n．信誉；信用；学分；赞扬；认可 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)我反对你申请信用卡。‎ I object to your applying for a credit card.‎ ‎(2)值得称赞的是，他们一直在齐心合力地工作。‎ To their credit，they are working together.‎ ‎(3)我们必须要停止把公司和商人们当成敌人，并给他们更多的信任！‎ We need to stop thinking of companies and businessmen as the enemy，and give them more credit!‎ 名师点拨 to one’s credit某人值得赞扬 ‎ quantity n．数量；量 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)A large quantity of beer was sold(sell) yesterday.‎ ‎(2)Large quantities of food are wasted(waste) because of the way it looks.‎ ‎(3)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.‎ 名师点拨 in quantity大量 quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……‎ a quantity of＋　大量……‎ ‎ arrest n．& vt.逮捕；拘留；吸引；阻止 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)With the help of the old man the criminals were put under arrest.‎ ‎(2)The film star got arrested(arrest) for possession of illegal drugs.‎ ‎(3)They immediately reported him and had him arrested(arrest)．‎ 名师点拨 under arrest被捕，介词短语表示一个被动动作，例如：under discussion被讨论；under construction建设中。‎ ‎ conflict n．冲突，矛盾，斗争；争执 v．冲突，抵触；相左 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)John often comes into conflict with his boss.‎ ‎(2)His words are in conflict with his deeds.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)她经常因为钱与丈夫发生冲突。‎ ‎①She often comes into conflict with her husband over money.(conflict ‎ n．)‎ ‎②She often conflicts with her husband over money.(conflict v．)‎ 名师点拨 come into conflict with和……冲突(动作)‎ ‎(be) in conflict with和……冲突(状态)‎ conflict with与……发生冲突(动作)‎ ‎ particular adj.特别的；特殊的；讲究的；挑剔的 n．细节；细目 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The girl is very particular about/over her food.‎ ‎(2)She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it.‎ ‎(3)Smoking is harmful to health，particularly(particular) for women and children.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)be particular about/over 对……挑剔/讲究 in particular 特别，尤其 ‎(2)particularly adv.特别，尤其，格外；详细地，详尽地 ‎ absorb v．吸收Times New Romanh@@液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎(2)Most little shops have been absorbed into/by big businesses.‎ ‎(3)After absorbing(absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.‎ ‎(4)Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津)‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)特别注意absorb用其过去分词或形容词形式作状语的情况。‎ ‎(2)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one’s attention on，devote...to，concentrate one’s mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。‎ ‎ with/in regard to关于，至于 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Davis had very little to say regarding(regard) the accident.‎ ‎(2)As regards economic issues，he agreed with our view.‎ ‎(3)I have something to say with regard to his behavior.‎ ‎(4)The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religion，or sex.‎ ‎(5)This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(6)Please give my to your family.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)as regards关于；至于 give one’s regards to sb.向某人问候 regard...as...把……当作……‎ ‎(2)regardless of不管；不顾 ‎(3)regarding prep.关于 ‎ under way进行中 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(1)In no way will I give in to you.‎ ‎(2)Don’t stand in the way；the bus is coming.‎ ‎(3)Though it rained cats and dogs，he made his way to school.‎ ‎(4)Because of the heavy fog many passengers lost their way and asked the police for help.‎ ‎(5)Preparations for coming sports meeting are well under way.‎ ‎(6)In a way good service sells out products.‎ ‎ What if they run out？,如果它们用完了怎么办呢？‎ ‎(1)What if we invited them to come here for a party instead?‎ 要是我们把他们请来举行派对怎么样？(2015·北京)‎ ‎(2)Guess what？I win a free ticket.‎ 你猜怎么着，我赢了一张免费票！‎ What if...？意为“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于What shall we/I do if...？what if中what可看作是what should sb.do或what does it matter或what would happen的省略。what if用于提出假设时，其后的句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should＋动词原形)。‎ What for？为何目的？为何理由？‎ So what？那又怎么样？‎ What/How about...？……怎么样？‎ Guess what？你猜怎么着？‎ What’s up？＝What’s the matter？怎么了？‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)What if you should fail?‎ ‎(2)How about going(go) out for a walk?‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)—Her father is very rich.‎ ‎—So what(那又怎么样)？She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were ‎ offered.‎ ‎(4)What if he won’t come(要是他不愿意来怎么办)？Can you tell me?‎ ‎ There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.,毫无疑问，世界气候近年来一直发生着变化。‎ ‎(1)This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.‎ 这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或更不聪明了，但毫无疑问我们利用记忆的方式在改变。(2015·安徽)‎ ‎(2)I must say his honesty is beyond doubt.‎ 我得说他的诚实毫无疑问。‎ ‎(1)There is no doubt意为“毫无疑问”，后接that从句或“about＋名词”结构。There is doubt意为“……值得怀疑”，后接whether引导的从句或“about＋名词”结构。‎ ‎(2)doubt v．&n.意为“怀疑；疑问”，作动词时，其用法如下：‎ ‎①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的宾语从句；‎ ‎②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。‎ 作名词时，用法如下：‎ ‎①用于肯定句时，一般接whether引导的同位语从句；‎ ‎②用于否定句或疑问句时，一般接that引导的同位语从句。‎ ‎(3)be in doubt犹豫不决 beyond doubt无疑地 no doubt无疑，确实 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.‎ ‎(2)I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.‎ ‎(3)There is no doubt that she will come in time.‎ ‎(4)I have some doubt whether he will be elected.‎ ‎(5)When in doubt，we’re here for you.Give us a call.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(6)There is no doubt that our experiment will succeed.(用“about＋名词”结构改写)‎ There is no doubt about the success of our experiment.‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 People are having a debate about whether 1.to develop(develop)the economy or protect the environment.2.In Lin Shuiqing’s opinion, 3.it is our duty to cut back on 4.production(produce) and reduce the quantities of things we make and buy. 5.While Qian Liwei thinks that businessmen are not greedy and they don’t hide their 6.responsibilities(responsible)，either.As far as he is concerned，the people 7.operating(operate) these ‎ factories are 8.deeply(deep) concerned about the environment，and 9.should be given more credit.In fact，many people are willing to pay a little 10.higher(high) price for things that are friendly to the environment.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 As the third long river in the world，the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China or abroad.Rapid development and an increase in population has meant that the amount of water taking from the river is rising.This is not a good news for the people whom rely on the Yangtze River for water.Many people have recognized the important of protecting the Yangtze River，and organizations and projects have been set up to deal about the problem.Because this，the situation on the Yangtze River is improving.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river would be appreciated for years to come.‎ 答案 As the third river in the world，the health of the Yangtze River has raised concern both in China abroad.Rapid development and an increase in population meant that the amount of water from the river is rising.This is not a good news for the people rely on the Yangtze River for water.Many people have recognized the of protecting the Yangtze River，and organizations and projects have been set up to deal the problem.Because this，the situation on the Yangtze River is improving.The efforts of the Chinese government and people to protect this muchloved river be appreciated for years to come.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于环境)‎ ‎1．在过去的十年里，管理部门在环境保护方面没有尽到职责。‎ ‎2．现在很多商业界人士乐意减少车辆的产量。‎ ‎3．这样做是为了减少二氧化碳的排放。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ In the past decade，the administration hasn’t done its part in environmental conservation.Now many businessmen are willing to cut back on the production of vehicles in order to decrease letting off carbon dioxide.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．However，just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades(decade) has gone on reducing risks in advance.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎2．One agent recommended a house in particular.(2015·天津)‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that climate change is a reality.‎ ‎4．Stand over there_and_you’ll be able to see it better.‎ ‎5．We have to cut back on our expenses.‎ ‎6．If we had booked a table earlier，we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue.‎ ‎7．You can ask anyone for help；everyone here is willing to_lend(lend) you a hand.‎ ‎8．We are having a debate about this topic.(2015·湖南)‎ ‎9．Large quantities of water have_been_polluted(pollute) already，which makes the river around the village smell terrible.‎ ‎10．People who eat slowly tend to_consume(consume) about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2016·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校一模)‎ Hello.I’m Jan from Mrs.Lake’s class.My class wants to work together to help the public.We think we have found a great way to do this.Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town.We learned about the AdoptaHighway Program.This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.‎ Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet.When a highway is adopted，only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people.The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean.Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it.The sign is put up at the side of the road.This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.‎ The AdoptaHighway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer.Also，the government does not have to send out as many road workers.This saves money.Finally，people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people，especially teenagers like us，cleaning them up.‎ We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway.If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week.We will meet in Mrs.Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6：00 p．m.At the meeting，we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people’s unkind acts.Then we’ ll try to pick an area to adopt and clean.‎ I look forward to seeing you at the meeting.Remember to keep our roads clean!‎ ‎11．What is the AdoptaHighway Program about?‎ A．Giving names to the highways.‎ B．Drawing pictures of highways.‎ C．Picking up litter along the roads.‎ D．Putting up signs near the roads.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.”可知保养公路的项目就是在公路上捡一些垃圾。故选C。‎ ‎12．What should the students do first if they want to join the program?‎ A．Pick a spot to care for. ‎ B．Call Mrs.Lake next week.‎ C．Write a letter to their parents.‎ D．Go to the meeting on Wednesday.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week.”可知如果学生想要参加这个项目，就要参加星期三举办的会议。故选D。‎ ‎13．What is the purpose of this speech?‎ A．To encourage students to join the program.‎ B．To introduce the traffic system.‎ C．To show drivers how to drive safely.‎ D．To tell a story about adopting a pet.‎ 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段“I look forward to seeing you at the meeting.Remember to keep our roads clean！”可知这篇文章就是为了呼吁人们参与到保养公路的项目中来。故选A。‎ ‎14．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．AdoptaPet B．AdoptaHighway C．Ways to Protect the Environment ‎ D．Volunteers on Roads 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。整篇演讲都是关于保养公路项目的，故选B。‎ B ‎(2017·福建三明一中月考)‎ I first came across the concept of paywhatyoucan cafés last summer in Boone，N.C.，where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means)Café.You can volunteer to earn your meal，pay the suggested price(10)or less，or you can overpay—paying it forward for a future customer’s meal.My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.So as soon as Healthy World Café opened in York in April，I signed up for a volunteer shift(轮班)．‎ F．A.R.M and Healthy World are part of a growing trend of community cafés.In 2003，Denise Cerreta opened the first in Salt Lake City.Cerreta now runs the One World Everybody Eats Foundation，helping others copy her paywhatyoucan model.‎ ‎“I think the community café is truly a handup，not a handout，”Cerreta said.She acknowledged that soup kitchens(施粥所) have a place in society，but people typically don’t feel good about going there.‎ ‎“One of the values of the community café is that we have another approach，”she said.“Everyone eats here，no one needs to know whether you volunteered，underpaid or overpaid.”‎ The successful cafés not only address hunger and food insecurity but also become necessary parts of their neighborhood—whether it’s a place to learn skills or hear live music.Some teach cooking to seniors; some offer free used books.Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.‎ My 10 am－1pm shift at World Healthy Café began with the café manager—one of the two paid staff members.Our volunteer crew wasn’t the most orderly，but we managed to prepare and serve meals with a lot of laughs in between.At the end of my shift，I ordered my earned meal at the counter，together with other volunteers.After lunch，I walked out the door，with a handful of new friends，music in my head and a satisfied belly ‎ and heart.‎ ‎15．What did the author do at F．A.R.M Café last summer?‎ A．She enjoyed a meal.‎ B．She ate free of charge.‎ C．She overpaid for the food.‎ D．She worked as a volunteer.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means)Café”和“My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.”可知，作者去年在F.A.R.M.Café只是吃了顿饭而已。故选A。‎ ‎16．What is the advantage of community cafés compared with soup kitchens?‎ A．People can have free food.‎ B．People can maintain their dignity.‎ C．People can stay as long as they like.‎ D．People can find their places in society.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“people typically don’t feel good about going there”和第四段的“no one needs to know whether you volunteered，underpaid or overpaid”可知，在社区餐馆人们不用担心别人怎么评判自己，与施粥所相比，他们在这里更有尊严。故选B。‎ ‎17．Why are community cafés becoming popular in the neighborhoods?‎ A．They bring people true friendships.‎ B．They help to bring people together.‎ C．They create a lot of job opportunities.‎ D．They support local economic development.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段的“become necessary parts of their neighborhood”及“Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.”可知，社区餐馆将大家的心凝聚在一起，让人与人之间的关系更亲近。故选B。‎ ‎18．How did the author feel about working at Healthy World Café？‎ A．It paid well. B．It changed her.‎ C．It was beneficial. D．It was easy for her.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者在这家社区餐馆做志愿工作可以交到朋友、欣赏美妙的音乐、享受美味的食物，身心都得到了满足，所以在此收获颇丰。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·重庆南开中学月考)‎ Think about the different ways people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power__19__(resource)，as well as one of the __20__(old)．Evidence shows that windmills began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s，when armies returned from the Middle East__21__ the knowledge of using wind power.‎ For many centuries，people used windmills to grind(磨碎) wheat into flour __22__ to pump water from deep underground.When electricity __23__(discover)in the late 1800s，people __24__(live)in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.‎ This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However，by the 1940s __25__ electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States，windmills were __26__(rare)used.‎ During the 1970s，people started becoming __27__(concern)about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then，wind was rediscovered.__28__ it means higher costs，there is still a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.‎ ‎19．答案　resources 解析　句意为：风能是最干净最丰富的能源之一。one of后面接可数名词复数。故填resources。‎ ‎20．答案　oldest 解析　根据上文的“cleanest and richest”可知，风能也是最古老的能源。故填oldest。‎ ‎21．答案　with 解析　句意为：它们第一次被引入欧洲是在12世纪，当时军队带着使用风能的知识从中东回来。使用介词with带着。故填with。‎ ‎22．答案　or/and 解析　句意为：几个世纪以来，人们使用风车将小麦磨碎成粉末或/并从地下抽水。故填or或and。‎ ‎23．答案　was discovered 解析　electricity和discover是被动关系，而且时间是in the late 1800s，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数。故填was discovered。‎ ‎24．答案　living 解析　句意为：生活在偏远地区的人开始使用它们来发电。使用非谓语动词作定语，people和live是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填living。‎ ‎25．答案　when 解析　此处为定语从句，先行词是the 1940s，表示时间，定语从句中不缺成分，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。‎ ‎26．答案　rarely 解析　修饰动词used用副词。故填rarely。‎ ‎27．答案　concerned 解析　be concerned about为固定搭配，意为“担心，关心”。故填concerned。‎ ‎28．答案　Though/Although/While 解析　句意为：虽然这意味着更高的费用，但是通过使用风能提供越来越多的电仍是一项全球的运动。表示转折关系。故填Though/Although/While。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·福建连城二中期中)‎ Mrs.Brown was walking near a playground.She was on a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much，because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking while suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her seventy.Should she kick the ball to send it back and should she just go past leave the ball where it was？Finally with greatly care she gave it a kick.The ball went by straight into the ‎ goal.‎ How wonderful it was! And she happened to have helped win the match.And all his four grandchildren were on the team of the winner.‎ 答案 Mrs.Brown was walking near a playground.She was a hurry to visit her four grandchildren.She missed them very much，because she had seen them for quite a long time.She was walking suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction.She was already in her .Should she kick the ball to send it back should she just go past the ball where it was？Finally with care she gave it a kick.The ball went by straight into the goal.‎ How wonderful it was! And she happened to have helped win the match.And all four grandchildren were on the team of the .‎