2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（19页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（19页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案 单元基础知识过关复习 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·黄冈高三期末)After ________ the luggage at the railway station, we left for the exhibition in a taxi.‎ A．claiming　　　　　　　　B．demanding C．deserving D．obtaining ‎2．College students can ________ social experience necessary for their future careers by taking up parttime jobs.‎ A．accelerate B．accompany ‎ C．accomplish D．accumulate ‎3．(2014·荆州质检)The TV show first aired in the UK in 2012 and ran till 2014, enjoying huge ________ in not just UK but across the whole world.‎ A．advantage B．compliment C．consequence D．popularity ‎4．(2014·襄阳调研)In making a scientific experiment, one should not be ________ by temporary setbacks but should persist in doing it hopefully.‎ A．cast down B．put away C．taken in D．given out ‎5．(2014·湖北省八校联考)I have no idea of what is in fashion nowadays, so my choice might be quite ______.‎ A．abundant　 B．arbitrary C．considerate D．aggressive ‎6．(2012·湖北高考)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. ‎ A．pattern B．procedure C．program D．perspective ‎7．Jazz music is ________ different from any other types of music and can be recognized worldwide as having a unique American style.‎ A．mainly B．simply ‎ C．distinctly D．originally ‎8．It was too hard for the firefighters to get close to the burning building. All their attempts to rescue the people trapped were ________.‎ A．in vain B．in return C．in place D．in danger ‎9．The major of maths or computer science can usually give you the ________ to be an employee in a bank.‎ A．regulation B．qualification C．profession D．occupation ‎10．Despite all the benefits of building a factory here, only a few people argued ________ the project.‎ A．in terms of B．in need of C．in praise of D．in favour of Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州质检)The CEO from the big company believed that it was the newcomers’ ability ________________________，‎ ‎ not the university they graduated from.(difference)‎ 这家大公司的首席执行官认为，真正重要的是新员工的能力，而不是他们毕业于什么大学。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八校一联)Nowadays young people just can’t live without the Internet; they depend on it for ________________________________.(need)‎ 现在的年轻人离开网络就无法生活，不管他们需要什么信息他们都会通过互联网来获取。‎ ‎3．From his words I could see that seldom ______________ some time to communicate with his children.(set)‎ 从他的话中我可以看出，他很少抽出时间跟自己的孩子交谈。‎ ‎4．Danby left a word with my secretary ________________ human beings cloning.(object)‎ Danby 留言给我的秘书说，他反对克隆人。‎ ‎5．How I wish my friends ________________________ what I’ve been going through recently.(idea)‎ 我真希望我的朋友们能理解我最近所处的困境。‎ ‎6.______________________ is that he seems to take no interest in his school work.(bother)‎ 最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的功课毫无兴趣。‎ ‎7．Nowadays more and more teenagers __________________________ online games.(resist)‎ 如今越来越多的青少年无法抵制地迷恋网络游戏。‎ ‎8．With ________________________________， he becomes the richest person in our region.(accumulate)‎ 随着财富越积越多，他成了我们这个地区的首富。‎ ‎9．____________， everyone is forbidden to smoke in buses, regardless of what they are.(as)‎ 众所周知，无论是谁，在公共汽车上都是禁止吸烟的。‎ ‎10．I can’t imagine there ____________________________ in Yunnan, the southwest of China where there used to be adequate rain.(shortage)‎ 我很难想象中国西南地区的云南竟然会缺水，那个地方原来雨水很充足。‎ 答 案 Ⅰ.1.选A　考查动词辨析。句意：在火车站领取了行李后，我们乘出租车离开去看展览。A项意为“(根据权利)索取；认领”，符合语境。B项意为“要求”；C项意为“应受；值得”；D项意为“获得；得到；买到”。‎ ‎2．选D　句意：大学生可以通过做兼职工作来获得日后工作所必需的社会经验。accumulate“积累”，符合句意。accelerate“加速”；accompany“陪伴；伴奏”；accomplish“完成”。‎ ‎3．选D　考查名词辨析。句意：这档电视节目自从2012年在英国第一次播放到2014年这段时间里，受到了英国甚至全世界观众的欢迎(popularity)。advantage“优势；利益”；compliment“恭维；致意”；consequence“结果；重要性”。根据语境可知，答案选D。‎ ‎4．选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在做科学实验时，一个人不应由于暂时的挫折而沮丧，而应满怀希望地坚持做下去。A项意为“使沮丧；使不愉快”；B项意为“放好；存储”；C项意为“理解；欺骗”；D项意为“分发；公布”。根据语意可知，答案选A。‎ ‎5．选B　考查形容词辨析。abundant“丰富的”；arbitrary“任意的；武断的”；considerate“体贴的；体谅的”；aggressive“好斗的”。由语境可知，“我”不知道当今的流行元素是什么，因此“我”的选择也许是很随意的。故B项正确。‎ ‎6．选B　考查名词辨析。句意：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序”，符合句意。A项意为“模式”；C项意为“节目”；D项意为“远景”。‎ ‎7．选C　句意：爵士音乐与其他种类的音乐存在显著不同，被世界广泛认为是美洲独有的风格。distinctly“清晰地；明显地”，符合句意。mainly“主要地”；simply“仅仅”；originally“最初；起先”。‎ ‎8．选A　句意：消防员很难靠近燃烧的房子，所有营救被困人员的尝试都是徒劳地。in vain“徒劳地”；in return“作为回报”；in place“适当的”；in danger“在危险中”。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎9．选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：数学或计算机科学专业通常可以使一个人具备做一名银行雇员的资格。regulation“规则”；qualification“资格”；profession“职业；专业”；occupation“职业；占有”。故选B。‎ ‎10．选D　考查短语意义。句意：尽管在这里建一个工厂有很多的好处，但只有少数的人支持这个项目。in favour of“支持；赞成”，符合句意。in terms of“依据；按照；在……方面”；in need of“有……的需要；有……的必要”；in praise of“为歌颂……；为颂扬……”。‎ Ⅱ.1.that made a difference ‎2．whatever information they need ‎3．did he set aside ‎4．that he objected to ‎5．would have an idea of ‎6．What bothers me most ‎7．can not resist becoming/being addicted to ‎8．more and more wealth accumulated ‎9．As is well known ‎10．should be a shortage of water 单元知识能力综合测试 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2017·阳高县一中月考)‎ Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.‎ The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the ‎ patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span (寿命) can be prolonged. ‎ Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial (皇家的) family being a good example, have hereditary diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.‎ Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.‎ ‎1．What does “them” in the second paragraph refer to?‎ A．People with cancer or heart disease.‎ B．Millions of people with serious diseases.‎ C．Some diseases doctors can do nothing with.‎ D．The two illnesses of cancer and heart disease.‎ ‎2．What can gene technology do according to paragraph three?‎ A．It can help the English imperial family out.‎ B．It can be used to clone human babies.‎ C．It can help people to give birth of a baby.‎ D．It is likely to treat hereditary diseases.‎ ‎3．What are people worried about according to the passage?‎ A．Human babies may be cloned in a large scale.‎ B．Healthy human babies will soon be cloned.‎ C．Scientists may well find the wrong genes.‎ D．The government may not control gene techs.‎ ‎4．This passage is mainly written to ________.‎ A．show gene technology will benefit people B．show gene technology will do harm as well ‎ C．tell that gene technology is a hot topic ‎ D．tell that gene technology is growing fast 答案与解析 ‎ 基因技术可以帮助生产出更健康更聪明的孩子，可以有助于治愈家庭的遗传病，这表明基因技术将会有益于人类。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据文中第二段中The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure ‎ them.现在医生还没有找到方法治愈癌症和心脏疾病。所以选D。‎ ‎2．D　推理判断题。根据文中第三段中In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.可知，基因技术可以治愈遗传疾病。所以选D。‎ ‎3．A　细节理解题。根据文章中最后一段中therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned.可知，人们担心人类的宝宝将会被克隆。所以选A。‎ ‎4．A　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了基因技术将会对人类有益。所以选A。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2017·河南省部分重点中学联考)‎ For much of the earliest history of our species, home may have been nothing more than a small fire and the light it cast on a few familiar faces. But whatever else __1__ is — and however it entered our consciousness — it's a way of organizing __2__in our minds. Home is home，and everything else is nothome.‎ Not that you can't feel “at home” in __3__ places. But there's a big psychological __4__ between feeling at home and being home. Feeling at home in other places is simply a way of saying that the nothomeness of those places has __5__ since you first arrived. Some people，as they __6__ through their lives，rediscover home again and again. Some people never find another after once __7__ home. And，of course，some people __8__ leave ‎ the only home they've always known.‎ Homesick children know how __9__ the boundary between home and nothome can be because they __10__ the difference. I know the __11__ because I was one of them. I felt a strong connection between people __12__ in the small town I grew up in. But spending the __13__ away from home，such as sleeping at my friends' houses, made everything seem alien. And yet when I got back home in the morning，home was as usual. That was the __14__—home is a place so __15__ that you don't even have to notice it.‎ And there's something more. __16__my father died，my brothers and sisters and I went back to his __17__，where he'd lived alone. It wasn't only his __18__ we felt. It was as though something had __19__ from every object in the house. They had，in fact，become __20__ objects. The person whose heart and mind could combine(结合)them into a single thing—a home—had gone.‎ ‎1．A.history　　　　　　　 B．home C．fire D．light ‎2．A.space B．time ‎ C．work D．concept ‎3．A.enough B．all ‎ C．such D．other ‎4．A.connection B．balance C．relationship D．difference ‎5．A.changed B．remained C．reduced D．increased ‎6．A.move B．develop C．search D．choose ‎7．A.returning B．leaving C．finding D．forgetting ‎8．A.also B．again ‎ C．never D．ever ‎9．A.limited B．close ‎ C．sharp D．common ‎10．A.learn from B．suffer from C．think about D．speak about ‎11．A.feeling B．illness ‎ C．impression D．sense ‎12．A.nowhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．anywhere ‎13．A.morning B．noon ‎ C．afternoon D．night ‎14．A.result B．view ‎ C．problem D．point ‎15．A.familiar B．safe ‎ C．similar D．warm ‎16．A.Before B．Until ‎ C．Though D．After ‎17．A.office B．hometown ‎ C．house D．laboratory ‎18．A.kindness B．brightness ‎ C．absence D．appearance ‎19．A.escaped B．disappeared C．hidden D．fallen ‎20．A.merely B．really C．valuable D．delicate 答案与解析 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了什么是家。家是人思想上的东西。不是别的地方不好，而是从心理上你感觉到它与家的不同。即使人们不断地搬家，有无数的家，一个人可能终生只有一个家。家是一个熟悉到你不必去注意的地方，家还是一个人从心上和思想上糅合成的一个纯粹的东西。‎ ‎1．B　考查名词。根据上文“home may have been nothing more than a small fire and the light it cast on a few familiar faces”可知，此处谈论的是家。A.history“历史”；B.home“家”；C.fire“火”；D.light“光”。故选B。‎ ‎2．A　考查名词。根据下文“Not that you can't feel ‘at home’ in ________ places.”可知，家是安排空间的方式，家就是家，别的什么都不是家。A.space“空间”；B.time“时间”；C.work“工作”；D.concept“概念”。故选A。‎ ‎3．D　考查形容词。根据下文“Feeling at home in other places is simply a way of saying that the nothomeness of those places has ________since you first arrived.”可知，不是你在其他的地方感觉不到“像在家里”，而是这两种感觉在心理上有很大的不同。A.enough“足够的”；B.all“所有的”；C.such“如此的”；D.other ‎“其他的”。故选D。‎ ‎4．D　考查名词。结合but可知，此句与上文是转折关系。因此推断讲述的不是你在其他的地方感觉不到“像在家里”，而是这两种感觉在心理上有很大的不同。A.connection“联系”；B.balance“平衡”；C.relationship“关系”；D.difference“不同”。故选D。‎ ‎5．C　考查动词。根据语境可知，在其他的地方感觉“像在家里”只是一种说明那些地方因为你第一次来，那种不像家的感觉减少了的方式。A.changed“改变”；B.remained“保持”；C.reduced“减少；降低”；D.increased“提高”。故选C。‎ ‎6．A　考查动词。根据下文“rediscover home again and again”可知，一些人一生中不断地搬家，反复地重新发现家。A.move“搬；移动”；B.develop“发展；改善”；C.search“寻找”；D.choose“选择”。故选A。‎ ‎7．B　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，一些人一旦离开了家，就再也不会找到另一个家。A.returning“返回”；B.leaving“离开”；C.finding“发现；找到”；D.forgetting“忘记”。故选B。‎ ‎8．C　考查副词。根据句首的“of course”可知，此处讲述与上文是不同的一方面。一些人一旦离开了家，就再也不会找到另一个家。当然，一些人从来没有离开过他们唯一的家。A.also“也”；B.again“再；又”；C.never“从来没有”；D.ever“曾经”。故选C。‎ ‎9．C　考查形容词。根据语境可知，思乡的孩子非常了解家与不是家的界限是多么清晰，因为他们正遭受着这种不同带来的痛苦。A.limited“有限的”；B.close“亲密的”；C.sharp“清晰的”；D.common“常见的”。故选C。‎ ‎10．B　考查动词短语。想家的孩子们理应是非常了解家与不是家的界限是多么明显的，因为他们正遭受着这种不同带来的痛苦。A.learn from“从……学习”；B.suffer from“遭受”；C.think about“考虑”；D.speak about“谈论”。故选B。‎ ‎11．A　考查名词。根据下文because I was one of them可知，作者曾经是一个思乡的孩子，因此他知道那种想家的感觉。A.feeling“感觉”；B.illness“疾病”；C.impression“印象”；D.sense“意识”。故选A。‎ ‎12．B　考查副词。根据下文的but可知，“我”在长大的小镇上，处处都能感觉到那种人们之间牢固的关系，但是离开家的晚上，诸如睡在朋友家，感到一切都是那么陌生。A.nowhere“无处”；B.everywhere“到处；处处”；C.somewhere“某个地方”；D.anywhere“任何地方”。故选B。‎ ‎13．D　考查名词。根据下文“such as sleeping at my friends' houses”可知，此处指离开家在外面过夜。A.morning“上午”；B.noon“正午”；C.afternoon“下午”；D.night“晚上”。故选D。‎ ‎14．D　考查名词。根据上文可知，离开家在别处，你会觉得一切都很陌生，回到家，家和往常一样，那就是家的意义——家是一个如此熟悉以至于你甚至都不必去注意的一个地方。A.result“结果”；B.view“观点”；C.problem“问题”；D.point“意义”。故选D。‎ ‎15．A　考查形容词。根据语境可知，那就是家的意义——家是一个如此熟悉以至于你甚至都不必去注意的一个地方。A.familiar“熟悉的”；B.safe“安全的”；C.similar“相似的”；D.warm“温暖的”。故选A。‎ ‎16．D　考查连词。根据下文“my brothers and sisters and I went back to his ________， where he'd lived alone”‎ 可知，在我的父亲去世以后，我和兄弟姊妹回到他过去独自居住的地方——他的房子。A.Before“在……以前”；B.Until“直到”；C.Though“尽管”；D.After“在……以后”。故选D。‎ ‎17．C　考查名词。根据下文“where he'd lived alone”可知，父亲死后，我和兄弟姊妹回到他的房子——他过去独自居住的地方。A.office“办公室”；B.hometown“家乡”；C.house“房子”；D.laboratory“实验室”。故选C。‎ ‎18．C　考查名词。根据上文可知，父亲去世了，因此作者和兄弟姊妹回到父亲居住的房子，感到父亲不在了。A.kindness“善良”；B.brightness“明亮”；C.absence“缺席；不在”；D.appearance“外貌”。故选C。‎ ‎19．B　考查动词。根据下文“a home—had gone”可知，似乎有某些东西使房子里的每一件东西消失了。A.escaped“逃跑”；B.disappeared“消失”；C.hidden“隐藏”；D.fallen“下落”。故选B。‎ ‎20．A　考查形容词。根据下文“The person whose heart and mind could combine(结合)them into a single thing—a home—had gone.”可知，他们实际上已经成了纯粹的物体。人们的心和想法把它们结合成一样东西——一个家——消失了。A.merely“纯粹的”；B.really“真正地”；C.valuable“珍贵的”；D.delicate“易碎的”。故选A。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·安徽十校联考)‎ The Abu Dhabi emergency and crisis management tram announced on Tuesday it found out a number of bird fluinfected reported ‎ the United Arab Emirates (UAE) state news agency WAM.‎ Bird flu, also known __1__ H5N1, is a __2__ (high) deadly virus, and caused outbreaks in domestic poultry in the Middle East and parts of Asia. The virus was first reported __3__ (infect) humans in Hong Kong in 1997. Cases usually occur in winter and spring. While a largescale outbreak is unlikely, sporadic (零星的) infection, __4__ (report)．‎ The cases were found in an area in the “AlGharbia” western region of the Gulf state. The emergency and crisis management took the “necessary measures” __5__ (consist) with international __6__ (standard) and regulations in __7__ (handle) such cases, said __8__ WAM report.‎ The team said effective measures were also taken to ensure continuous monitoring of the cases.‎ ‎__9__， the team called on bird and farm owners to contact Abu Dhabi's government call center if they suspect poor health conditions of their birds, in order to learn about the necessary tests their birds need.‎ The team affirmed that these measures aim to ensure the __10__ (safe) of bird and farm owners, as well as the community.‎ 答案与解析 本文介绍了阿拉伯联合酋长国某一地区突发的禽流感案例以及相关组织采取的措施。‎ ‎1．as　考查介词。be known as...是固定结构，表示“作为……而出名”。‎ ‎2．highly　考查副词。修饰形容词 deadly，表示“非常；高度地”，应用 highly。‎ ‎3．to have infected　考查非谓语动词。“Sb./Sth. is/was reported to v”是固定句式，该句中动词 infect 发生在 was reported 之前，且与主语是主动关系，故用 to have infected。‎ ‎4．has been reported　考查时态语态。此处 report 是 sporadic infection 的谓语动词，两者是被动关系，且表示到目前为止发生的动作，故用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语是 sporadic infection，故填 has been reported。‎ ‎5．consistent　考查形容词。由句子结构可知，此处应用 consist 的形容词形式作 measures 的后置定语，故用 consistent, consist with...表示“与……一致”。‎ ‎6．standards　考查名词。standard 是可数名词，“标准”，此处该名词前无不定冠词，故用复数 standards。‎ ‎7．handling　考查非谓语动词。此处 handle 位于介词 in 之后，故用其 ing 分词形式作 in 的宾语，填 handling。‎ ‎8．the　考查冠词。WAM report 此处是第二次出现，故用定冠词 the。‎ ‎9．Besides/Furthermore/Moreover　考查副词。下文接着上文进一步叙述该小组采取的措施，故应用表承接的副词 besides 或 moreover 或 furthermore。‎ ‎10．safety　考查名词。该空是动词 ensure 的宾语，故用名词形式，填 safety。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·江西省新余市高三模拟)‎ Dear Tom，‎ I am glad to hear that you are going to Canada to study. So I was writing to tell you anything about this country.‎ Locating in North America, Canada is the second large country with the largest number of lakes in the world. The majority of people lives in the center of the country. However, I suggest that you chose to study in the east, because there are many international students here and the tuition is lower. During your study, you can take the part in more activities after class, where you can make more friends from different country. In this way, your life will rich and colorful.‎ Hope you will have a wonderful life there.‎ Yours，‎ Li Ming 答案