福建省莆田市2020届高三5月教学质检英语试题 Word版含解析

福建省莆田市2020届高三5月教学质检英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2020年莆田质检（5月）英语试题 第I卷 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共 15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The Houston Museum of Natural Science Founded in 1909, the Houston Museum of Natural Science (HMNS) has always been one of the most heavily attended museums in the United States. It houses a variety of permanent exhibit areas that examine astronomy, space science, Native American culture, energy, chemistry, gems and minerals, seashells, Texas wildlife and much more. In addition, the museum frequently presents traveling exhibitions on a variety of topics. The Museum is a major science learning center with over a half million school children visiting it annually, including every fourth grade and seventh grade class in the Houston Independent School District.‎ Crowds The Museum can be quite crowded on weekends and weekday mornings, due to the hundreds of thousands of students that visit HMNS each year. Please call 713-639-4629 to inquire about the crowds that are anticipated during your intended visit.‎ Opening Hours Monday-Sunday: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. (last entry at 4:30 p.m.)‎ It’s closed on New Year’s Day and Christmas Day.‎ PLEASE NOTE: Average museum visit takes 2 hours or more.‎ Pricing Adult Ticket: $25 (ages 12 and up)‎ Child Ticket: $16 (ages 3-11)‎ Children aged 2 and under: FREE College Students with ID: $16‎ Seniors (62+): $16‎ Groups (10+): $10‎ - 26 -‎ Please Note Flash photography is ONLY allowed in the Grand Hall and the rainforest of the Coekrell Butterfly Center. Selfie sticks (自拍杆), tripods and camera stands are not allowed anywhere in HMNS. Photography is not allowed in certain exhibitions. Please check for signs by the exhibit entrance for more information or ask a museum employee.‎ ‎1. When can people enter HMNS for a visit?‎ A. At 8:30 am. on June 1st. B. At 12:30 p.m. on Jan. 3rd.‎ C. At 14:40 p.m. on Oct. 15th. D. At 10:00. a.m. on Dec.25th.‎ ‎2. How much should Tom and his two sons aged 8 and 13 pay in all to HMNS?‎ A. $66. B. $57.‎ C. $41. D. $30.‎ ‎3. What can be known about HMNS from the text?‎ A. It has a history of less than a century.‎ B. Visitors aren’t allowed to take photos inside.‎ C. It has the largest number of visitors of all American museums.‎ D. People who enjoy quiet have better visit it on weekday afternoon.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了休斯顿自然科学博物馆的一些情况，包括开放时间、门票和注意事项等。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Opening Hours部分中Monday-Sunday: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. (last entry at 4:30 p.m.)可知，星期一至日：上午9点到下午5点（最后可进入时间是下午4时30分）；以及It’s closed on New Year’s Day and Christmas Day.(元旦和圣诞节不营业)由此可知，1月3日下午12:30可以进入HMNS进行访问。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Pricing部分中Adult Ticket: $25 (ages 12 and up); Child Ticket: $16 (ages - 26 -‎ ‎ 3-11)可知，成人票：25美元（12岁或以上）；儿童票：16美元（3岁到11岁）。由此可知，Tom和他8岁和13岁的两个儿子总共应该付26+25+16=66美元给HMNS。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中The Museum can be quite crowded on weekends and weekday mornings, due to the hundreds of thousands of students that visit HMNS each year.可知，博物馆在周末和工作日的早上会很拥挤，因为每年有成千上万的学生参观HMNS。由此可知，喜欢安静的人最好在工作日的下午去。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】数字计算题 数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。如第2小题，根据Pricing部分中Adult Ticket: $25 (ages 12 and up); Child Ticket: $16 (ages 3-11)可知成人票：25美元（12岁或以上）；儿童票：16美元（3岁到11岁）。由此可知，Tom和他8岁和13岁的两个儿子总共应该付26+25+16=66美元给HMNS。故选A。‎ B It’s not every day that you see pigeons(鸽子)with cowboy hats on their tiny heads walking or flying around, unless you live in Las Vegas, where cowboy-hat-wearing pigeons are actually a thing people have been constantly taking about these days.‎ It all started on December 5, when a Las Vegas citizen named Bobby Lee noticed two funny-looking birds walking near a dustbin. The pigeons drew his attention because they were wearing tiny cowboy hats — one red and one grey — so he took out his smartphone and started filming them. Later, he uploaded the video online, where is quickly spread. The next day, everyone was talking about Las Vegas’ cowboy-hat-wearing pigeons, and Lee was getting phone calls from agencies trying to license his video.‎ It was only a matter of time before news outlets picked up the story and reported on the mysterious pigeon cowboys spotted around Las Vegas. The only link anyone could think of was the Wrangler National Rodeo Finals that were taking place in town at the time, but the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association, which organized the event, denied any involvement.‎ - 26 -‎ While some netizens just found the idea cute and jumped at the opportunity to catch the pigeons on camera if they spotted them around Vegas, others expressed concern about the birds’ well-being. They even mentioned animal cruelty.‎ Hillman, the founder of local pigeon rescue Lofty Hopes, said that her organization was trying to track down the birds and remove their hats, but trapping them with food has proven very difficult so far. That’s because the two known cowboy-hat-wearing pigeons have become very popular around Las Vegas, and people are constantly throwing them much food.‎ ‎“When you see them today, you could see some loose feathers in the glue around the hat, and it’s surely a concern,” Hillman said, adding that she believed the hats had been glued on with a strong adhesive (粘合剂).‎ ‎4. What has been a hot topic in Las Vegas recently?‎ A. The return of cowboy hats. B. Pigeons approaching people.‎ C. Pigeons wearing cowboy hats. D. The hobby of watching pigeons.‎ ‎5. What made Bobby Lee film the two pigeons with his smartphone?‎ A. Their unusual decorations. B. Their unique feather colors.‎ C. Their great popularity online. D. Their strange way of walking.‎ ‎6. What was netizens’ attitude towards the pigeon cowboys?‎ A. They went too far about them. B. They thought nothing of them.‎ C. They showed little interest in them. D. They had a mixed response to them.‎ ‎7. Why is it hard to trap the two pigeons with food?‎ A. Because they are rather particular about food.‎ B. Because they always have abundant food to eat.‎ C. Because they are smart enough not to be tricked.‎ D. Because they are well protected by pigeon watchers.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拉斯维加斯两只戴着牛仔帽的鸽子引起人们关注的事情。文章说明事情的起始经过，以及人们对此的看法。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段The next day, everyone was talking about Las Vegas’ cowboy-hat-wearing pigeons, and Lee was getting phone calls from agencies trying to license his video.可知，第二天，所有人都在谈论拉斯维加斯戴着牛仔帽的鸽子，李安接到了想要获得他的视频授权的机构打来的电话。由此可知，拉斯维加斯最近的热门话题是戴牛仔帽的鸽子。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中The pigeons drew his attention because they were wearing tiny cowboy hats — one red and one grey — so he took out his smartphone and started filming them.可知，这些鸽子引起了他的注意，因为它们戴着一顶红色和灰色的小牛仔帽，所以他拿出智能手机开始拍摄它们。由此可知，Bobby Lee用他的智能手机拍摄了这两只鸽子是因为他们不同寻常的装饰。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段While some netizens just found the idea cute and jumped at the opportunity to catch the pigeons on camera if they spotted them around Vegas, others expressed concern about the birds’ well-being. They even mentioned animal cruelty.可知，一些网友觉得这个主意很可爱，如果他们在拉斯维加斯附近发现鸽子，就会抓住这个机会用相机捕捉它们，而其他人则对鸽子的健康表示担忧。他们甚至提到了虐待动物。由此可推知，网友们对这些鸽子的反应有好有坏。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Hillman, the founder of local pigeon rescue Lofty Hopes, said that her organization was trying to track down the birds and remove their hats, but trapping them with food has proven very difficult so far. That’s because the two known cowboy-hat-wearing pigeons have become very popular around Las Vegas, and people are constantly throwing them much food.可知，Hillman是当地鸽子救援组织Lofty Hopes的创始人。她说，她的组织正试图找到这些鸽子，并把它们的帽子摘下来，但到目前为止，用食物困住它们非常困难。这是因为这两只戴着牛仔帽的鸽子在拉斯维加斯非常受欢迎，人们经常扔给它们很多食物。由此可知，用食物诱捕那两只鸽子很困难因为它们总是有充足的食物吃。故选B。‎ C Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence - 26 -‎ ‎ (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in the wild. The new software will allow researcher and wildlife conservationists to greatly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published today in Science Advances.‎ ‎“For species like chimpanzees, which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior from short-term field research can only tell us so much.” says Dan Sehofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University’s Primate Models Lab, School of Anthropology. “By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.”‎ The computers model was trained using over 10 million images (影像) from Kyoto University’s Primate Research Institute (PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individuals in a wide range of posed, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality.‎ ‎“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention (人工干预) or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”‎ The technology has potential for many uses, such as monitoring species for conservation. Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.‎ ‎8. What’s the purpose of developing the new software?‎ A. To save wildlife researchers’ time spent in the wild.‎ B. To keep track of wildlife conservationists’ behavior.‎ C. To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.‎ D. To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Getting photos. B. Analyzing videos.‎ C. The new AI software. D. A powerful machine.‎ ‎10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?‎ A. The unique advantages of the new software.‎ B. Some limitations of using the new software.‎ C. The working principles of the new software.‎ D. Controversial attitudes to the new software.‎ ‎11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A. The new software has a quite bright future.‎ B. The application of the technology can be tough.‎ C. Technology is the final goal of scientific research.‎ D. AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。这款新软件是第一个可以连续跟踪和识别各种姿势的软件，在低光照和低图像质量等困难条件下都能实现高精度。文章说明了软件的一些优势以及未来可应用的用途。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence (AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of individual chimpanzees in the wild.可知，牛津大学的科学家们开发了一种新的人工智能软件，可以识别和追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部特征。由此可知，开发新软件的目的是识别和追踪野生黑猩猩的脸。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term.可知，这种人工智能软件使得长期测量黑猩猩的行为成为可能。由此可知，“it”一词指的是新的人工智能软件。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Access to this large video file has allowed us to use ‎ - 26 -‎ the newest deep neural networks to train models at a scale that was previously not possible,” says Arsha Nagrani, co-author of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford. “Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to raw videos with limited manual intervention or pre-processing, saving hours of time.”可知，该研究的作者之一、牛津大学工程科学系的哲学博士研究生Arsha Nagrani说：“通过访问这个大的视频文件，我们可以使用最新的深度神经网络来训练模型，其规模在以前是不可能的。此外，我们的新软件与以前的灵长类面部识别软件不同，它可以应用于原始视频，只需要有限的人工干预或预处理，节省了大量时间。”由此可知，第四段主要讲了这款新软件的独特优势。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Although the present application focused on chimpanzees, the software provided could be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.可知，尽管目前的应用主要集中在黑猩猩身上，但所提供的软件也可以应用于其他物种，并有助于推动人工智能系统的应用，以解决野生动物科学中的一系列问题。由此可推知，这种新软件前途很光明。故选A。‎ D Nail biting and hair pulling are two forms of body language. Both nail biting and hair pulling can be either conscious or subconscious body language gestures, each showing some interesting aspects of the character, emotion and inner working of the individual.‎ Nail biting is a non-verbal gesture. In adults it’s often a habit adopted and carried through from childhood and can become apparent in stressful situations throughout adulthood. To most people, nail biting is associated with nervousness and shyness and is an involuntary response to certain social situations. In many cases, it’s an adaptor behaviour that channels nervous energy, inactivity or boredom and doesn’t disturb normal functioning. In severe cases nail biting can become a repetitive behaviour that is intentionally performed. It can result in great physical damage.‎ - 26 -‎ So when we look deeper, in both adults and children, it has been suggested that severe nail biting is often referred to as a method of “self-heating”. This indicates that nail biting is a subconscious behaviour indicating increased anxiety and low self-confidence.‎ Hair pulling can indicate a number of emotions and behaviors. For example, children who bite their nails or frequently pull their hair may be nervous or have low self-confidence. Hair pulling may be a comforting action for a child who is tense and anxious, and may become habitual later in life in stressful situations. Routine and severe hair pulling can be a compulsive disorder that may be linked to genetics, anxiety and depression. It’s most commonly thought to be a stress-related condition.‎ However, hair puling is also another non-verbal body language that can signify different things in different situations. For example, in some situations, it can mean interest and desire. However, in other situations, it can suggest anxiety, incompetence, uncertainty or shyness.‎ ‎12. What does the text say about nail biting?‎ A. It doesn’t harm its doer physically. B. It stops its doer functioning normally.‎ C. It isn’t a gesture only made by children. D. It is a commonly used way to avoid shyness.‎ ‎13. According to the text, children who often pull their hair .‎ A. may take no interest in something B. may feel quite sure of themselves C. must suffer from lack of desire D. may not feel at ease at all ‎14. The underlined word “signify” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “ “.‎ A. explain B. indicate C. hide D. summarize ‎15. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. How to Read Forms of Body Language?‎ B. What Do Nail Biting and Hair Pulling Suggest?‎ C. How to Express Ourselves with Body Language?‎ - 26 -‎ D. What Are the Deep Meanings of Body Language?‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。咬指甲和拉扯头发是两种身体语言。咬指甲和拉扯头发都可以是有意识的或潜意识的肢体语言动作，每一种都展示了个人性格、情感和内在工作的一些有趣的方面。文章主要就这两种肢体语言背后表明的具体含义进行了说明。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中In adults it’s often a habit adopted and carried through from childhood and can become apparent in stressful situations throughout adulthood. To most people, nail biting is associated with nervousness and shyness and is an involuntary response to certain social situations.可知，在成年人中，这通常是一种习惯，从童年开始就一直保持着，在整个成年期的压力环境中会变得明显起来。对大多数人来说，咬指甲与紧张和害羞有关，是对某些社交场合的不自觉反应。由此可推知，文章提到咬指甲不是只有孩子才会做的手势。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中For example, children who bite their nails or frequently pull their hair may be nervous or have low self-confidence.可知，例如，咬指甲或经常揪头发的孩子可能会紧张或缺乏自信。由此可知，经常揪头发的孩子可能是因为紧张或缺乏自信而感到不自在。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文For example, in some situations, it can mean interest and desire. However, in other situations, it can suggest anxiety, incompetence, uncertainty or shyness.可知，例如，在某些情况下，它可以表示兴趣和欲望。然而，在其他情况下，它可能意味着焦虑、无能、不确定或害羞。由此可知，头发拉扯也是另一种非语言的身体语言，可以在不同的情况下表明不同的事情。故划线单词意思为“表明”。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段Nail biting and hair pulling are two forms of body language. Both nail biting and hair pulling can be either conscious or subconscious body language gestures, each showing some interesting aspects of the character, emotion and inner working of the - 26 -‎ ‎ individual.可知，咬指甲和拉扯头发是两种身体语言。咬指甲和拉扯头发都可以是有意识的或潜意识的肢体语言动作，每一种都展示了个人性格、情感和内在工作的一些有趣的方面。结合文章主要就这两种肢体语言背后表明的具体含义进行了说明。故B选项“咬指甲和拉扯头发暗示了什么？”最符合文章标题。故选B。‎ 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Whether you’d like to loosen tight muscles, become more flexible, or just keep yourself tom getting injured when you exercise or play sports, stretching is important. With just a few minutes of gentle stretching, you can reduce the pain that comes from tight muscles, improve your posture, and increase your range of motion.____16____With all these benefits, why not give stretching a try?‎ ‎1. Hamstring (脚筋) (or Back-of-the-leg) Stretch The hamstring muscle runs down the back of your upper leg. Tightness in this muscle can lead to serious back pain, so its an important one to stretch.____17____Working one leg at a time, lift your leg and rest the heel on the wall with your leg slightly bent. Gently straighten your leg until you feel a nice stretch. Pause there and wait. Then switch legs.‎ ‎2. ___18___‎ Tight shoulder muscles can lead to neck and back pain as well as other problems. It’s important to keep these muscles flexible. You can raise straight overhead, then bend the elbow so that your right hand falls behind your head. Using your left hand, gently pull your right elbow toward the centerline of your body. Ideally, you want your right forearm to be straight up and town. Be sure to keep your head and neck straight, and don't let your right arm force the head down or forward in any way.___19___‎ ‎3. Neck Stretch This is very important for drivers! Stretch your neck one side at a time, beginning with the right. Tip your hear to the left._____20_____Do not pull hard. The neck is fragile, so you must be gentle with this stretch. Repeat on the opposite side.‎ A. Arm Stretch.‎ B. Shoulder Stretch - 26 -‎ C. Switch arms and repeat.‎ D. Stand about an arm’s length away form a table.‎ E. Stretching also improves your balance and coordination.‎ F. For a gentle stretch, lie on the for near a doorway or wall comer.‎ G. And use your left hand to very gently pull your head toward the front of your left shoulder.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章说明了伸展运动有很多好处，并就三个部位如何进行拉伸运动进行了说明。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文With all these benefits, why not give stretching a try?可知，既然有这么多好处，为什么不试着做做伸展运动呢？由此可知，本句是在说明伸展运动的好处。故E选项“伸展还能提高你的平衡和协调能力”符合上下文语境，故选E。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文Working one leg at a time, lift your leg and rest the heel on the wall with your leg slightly bent.可知，一次锻炼一条腿，将腿抬起，脚后跟靠在墙上，腿稍微弯曲。由此可知，这个伸展动作是在有墙的地方做的。故F选项“如果想做个柔和的伸展运动，可以躺在靠近门口或墙角的地方”符合上下文语境，故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据本段中Tight shoulder muscles can lead to neck and back pain as well as other problems. It’s important to keep these muscles flexible.可知，肩膀肌肉紧张会导致颈部和背部疼痛以及其他问题。保持这些肌肉的柔韧性很重要。由此可知，本段主要讲的是肩部如何伸展。故B选项“肩部伸展”符合上下文语境，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文Be sure to keep your head and neck straight, and don’t let your right arm force the head down or forward in any way.可知，确保你的头和脖子伸直，不要让你的右臂以任何方式强迫头部向下或向前。由此可知，拉伸完了右臂，接下来该换手重复以上动作了。故C选项“换手重复”符合上下文语境，故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 根据上文Tip your hear to the left.(把你的耳朵向左倾斜)以及后文Do not pull hard.(不要用力拉)可知，此处的动作应当是将头向左肩方向轻拉。故G选项“用你的左手非常轻柔地将你的头拉向左肩的前方”符合上下文语境，故选G。‎ 第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ The dawn of a new school year is often full of exciting-and occasionally overwhelming-”firsts”for students. That perhaps explains why a “beautiful”___21___of a school bus driver, Isabel Izzy Lane,____22____a crying 4-year-old boy on his first day of school has gone viral(疯传)online.‎ Last Monday, Amy Johnson’s young son Axel___23___to preschool in their hometown, and felt “super____24____” for the big day-until it was time to get on the___25___that morning. As soon as the bus___26___the corner, her youngster fell silent___27___bursting into tears when the bus doors___28___. His mother got him on the bus. As the youngster got___29___in his seat directly behind Lane, tears rolling down his face, the merciful driver____30____to offer a hand for the boy to____31____, which Amy immediately caught on camera.‎ The small act of kindness____32____a whole lot to Axel, who finally calmed down and felt ____33____enough to take the bus on his own the next day. “ I didn’t think it was that big of a deal_____34_____, just I guess, but it’s just something that I would do.” Lane later told WEAU.‎ ‎“The day after that he was waiting at the bus stop all by himself.” Lane said.‎ In a larger____35____, Lane hopes the simple____36____reminds others that the smallest acts of kindness can often have the biggest effects on other people’s lives. “ You don’t have to say anything, but just to____37____someone you are there,” she said. “That makes a big____38____to someone’s day.”‎ In the days since, Johnson’s photo of the____39____back-to -school moment has been shared by social media, receiving more than 1,200 likes and more than - 26 -‎ ‎ 220____40____on Facebook.‎ ‎21. A. shadow B. sculpture C. picture D. exhibition ‎22. A. questioning B. comforting C. praising D. scolding ‎23. A. headed B. subscribed C. appealed D. wandered ‎24. A. frightened B. doubtful C. curious D. excited ‎25. A. passage B. bus C. bridge D. website ‎26. A. disappeared around B. took up C. broke down D. rolled around ‎27. A. after B. if C. before D. once ‎28. A. locked B. opened C. dropped D. folded ‎29. A. settled B. lost C. changed D. interested ‎30. A. struggle B. declined C. reached D. hesitated ‎31. A. ware B. bite C. greet D. hold ‎32. A. Meant B. mentioned C. convinced D. adapted ‎33. A. clever B. brave C. hopeful D. elegant ‎34. A. universally B. theoretically C. personally D. gradually ‎35. A. sense B. affection C. framework D. imagination ‎36. A. assessment B. talent C. action D. topic ‎37. A. show B. warn C. advise D. persuade ‎38. A. impression B. decision C. distinction D. difference ‎39. A. embarrassing B. touching C. troublesome D. unexpected ‎40. A. designs B. outlines C. shares D. receptions - 26 -‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了司机Isabel Izzy Lane在一个四岁男孩Axel开学第一天坐校车哭泣时，伸出手安慰男孩的事情。这一举动被男孩的妈妈Amy拍了下来，分享到了网上，得到了人们的关注。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也许可以解释为什么一张“漂亮”的校车司机Isabel Izzy Lane的照片在网上疯传，照片上他安慰在开学第一天还在哭闹的小男孩。A. shadow阴影；B. sculpture雕塑；C. picture照片；D. exhibition展览。根据最后一段中Johnson’s photo可知此处指司机Isabel Izzy Lane安慰男孩的照片。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也许可以解释为什么一张“漂亮”的校车司机Isabel Izzy Lane的照片在网上疯传，照片上他安慰在开学第一天还在哭闹的小男孩。A. questioning询问；B. comforting安慰；C. praising赞美；D. scolding责骂。根据后文a crying 4-year-old boy on his first day of school以及后文讲述了Lane安慰男孩的事情。可知照片上他在安慰这个男孩。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周一，Amy Johnson的小儿子Axel前往家乡的幼儿园，为这个重要的日子感到“超级兴奋”——直到那天早上上车的时候。A. headed朝向；B. subscribed订阅；C. appealed呼吁；D. wandered徘徊。根据后文to preschool in their hometown可知Axel前往家乡的幼儿园。head to 表示“朝某地走去”。故选A。‎ ‎24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周一，Amy Johnson的小儿子Axel前往家乡的幼儿园，为这个重要的日子感到“超级兴奋”——直到那天早上上车的时候。A. frightened害怕的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. curious好奇的；D. excited激动的。结合后文可知Axel是在看到校车打开门后才开始哭泣的，说明他在此之前一直对要去幼儿园上学的事情感到激动。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，Amy Johnson的小儿子Axel前往家乡的幼儿园，为这个重要的日子感到“超级兴奋”——直到那天早上上车的时候。A. passage文章；B. bus公交车；C. bridge桥梁；D. website网站。结合后文As soon as the bus可知，此处指那天早上Axel上校车时候发生的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：校车刚转过街角，她的孩子在哭起来之前就沉默了，当车门打开时，他哭了起来。A. disappeared around消失；B. took up拿起；C. broke down出故障；D. rolled around转过，流逝。根据后文the corner可知，校车转过街角开过来了。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：校车刚转过街角，她的孩子在哭起来之前就沉默了，当车门打开时，他哭了起来。A. after在……之后；B. if如果；C. before在……之前；D. once曾经。结合上下文逻辑可知，校车转过街角，Axel在突然哭起来之前（before）先是一阵沉默，然后车门打开了以后才哭起来的。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车刚转过街角，她的孩子在哭起来之前就沉默了，当车门打开时，他哭了起来。A. locked锁上；B. opened打开；C. dropped落下；D. folded折叠。根据后文His mother got him on the bus.可知，车门打开，他们上了车。故选B。‎ ‎29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小男孩坐到Lane后面的座位上，眼泪从他的脸上滚落下来，仁慈的司机伸出手让小男孩握着，这一场景立即被Amy用摄像机拍了下来。A. settled解决；B. lost失去；C. changed改变；D. interested使感兴趣。根据后文in his seat directly behind Lane可知，小男孩坐到Lane后面的座位上。短语get settled in one’s seat表示“在某人的座位上坐好”。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小男孩坐到Lane后面的座位上，眼泪从他的脸上滚落下来，仁慈的司机伸出手让小男孩握着，这一场景立即被Amy用摄像机拍了下来。A. struggle安定，挣扎；B. declined下降；C. reached到达；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文to offer a hand for the boy to可知，司机向Axel伸出了手。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小男孩坐到Lane后面的座位上，眼泪从他的脸上滚落下来，仁慈的司机伸出手让小男孩握着，这一场景立即被Amy用摄像机拍了下来。A. ware留心；B. bite咬；C. greet打招呼；D. hold握住。承接上文offer a hand for the boy to可知，司机伸出手让男孩握着，以示安慰。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小小的善举对Axel来说意义重大，他终于冷静下来，并觉得自己有足够的勇气第二天独自坐公交车。A. meant意义重大，意味着；B. mentioned提及；C. convinced使确信；D. adapted使适应。根据后文who finally calmed down可知，司机伸手这一行为对Axel来说意义重大，让Axel冷静下来了。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个小小的善举对Axel来说意义重大，他终于冷静下来，并觉得自己有足够的勇气第二天独自坐公交车。A. clever聪明的；B. brave勇敢的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. elegant优雅的。根据后文enough to take the bus on his own the next day.可知，司机的善举给了Axel第二天独自坐公交车的勇气。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我个人并不认为这有什么大不了的，只是我想，但这只是我会做的事情。A. universally普遍的；B. theoretically理论上；C. personally个人而言，亲自的；D. gradually逐渐地。此处是引用Lane的话语，虽然外界对他的行为评价很高，但是Lane个人认为没有什么大不了的。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从更广泛的意义上说，Lane希望这个简单的举动能提醒人们，即使是最小的善举，也能对他人的生活产生最大的影响。A. sense感觉；B. affection喜爱；C. framework框架；D. imagination想象力。此处考查短语in a larger sense表示“在更广泛的意义上”。故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从更广泛的意义上说，Lane希望这个简单的举动能提醒人们，即使是最小的善举，也能对他人的生活产生最大的影响。A. assessment评定；B. talent才能；C. action举动，行动；D. topic主题。此处呼应上文Lane对男孩伸出手这一简单的举动（action）。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你不需要说什么，只要表现出你就在那里。”A. show表现，展示；B. warn警告；C. advise建议；D. persuade说服。结合上文可知Lane对男孩伸出手的动作是为了表现出自己就在男孩身边，以示安慰的意思。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这对一个人一天有很大的影响。”A. impression印象；B. decision决定；C. distinction区别；D. difference差异。此处考查短语make a difference to sb.表示“对某人产生影响”。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后的几天里，Johnson这张感人的返校照片被社交媒体分享，在Facebook上获得了1200多个赞和220多个转发。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. touching感动的；C. troublesome麻烦的；D. unexpected意外的。Johnson的照片之所以被人们广为分享，是因为人们为司机的善举所感动。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后的几天里，Johnson这张感人的返校照片被社交媒体分享，在Facebook上获得了1200多个赞和220多个转发。A. designs设计；B. outlines概要；C. shares分享，转发；D. receptions接待处。承接上文has been shared by social media可知，此处指照片有220多个转发分享。故选C。‎ 第II卷 第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)‎ 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Every minute, people around the world purchase 1 million plastic bottles,___41___adds up to roughly 526 billion bottles every year. Much of the plastic___42___(end) up in landfills (填埋场), rivers or oceans, often with destructive effects on wildlife. Many people are now trying to cut down on plastic use, while also turning the single-use plastic into something____43____(use) — like auto parts.‎ Recycles plastic is ideal for automotive parts due to its light____44____(weigh) that offers additional benefits such as___45___(improve) a vehicle’s aerodynamics (空气动力) and reducing cabin noise.‎ - 26 -‎ The use of plastic in vehicle parts has grown a lot since the last decade, especially in underbody shields (车底护板).____46____is assumed that around 1.2 billion recycled plastic bottles are used every year — that’s about 250 bottles per vehicle____47____average.‎ How exactly does your plastic water bottle turn into an aerodynamic auto part? After you put the bottle into the recycling bin, it’s____48____(eventual) combined with thousands of others and cut into tiny pieces. Then, these pieces___49___(sell) to a supplier, who turns them into a fiber by melting them. This fibers mixed with other elements (元素) in a special process, and then were used ______50______(create) a sheet of material that can be formed into vehicle parts.‎ ‎【答案】41. which ‎ ‎42. ends 43. useful ‎ ‎44. weight 45. improving ‎ ‎46. It 47. on ‎ ‎48. eventually ‎ ‎49. are sold ‎ ‎50. to create ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今巨大的塑料使用问题，大部分塑料最终被填埋在垃圾填埋场、河流或海洋中，通常会对野生动物造成破坏性影响。以及再生塑料可以用来做汽车零部件，并说明了原理。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。句意：大部分塑料最终被填埋在垃圾填埋场、河流或海洋中，通常会对野生动物造成破坏性影响。此处描述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为Much of the plastic，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填ends。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查形容词。修饰前文不定代词something做后置定语应用形容词useful，表示“有用的”。故填useful。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：再生塑料是汽车零部件的理想材料，因为它的重量轻，提供了额外的好处，如改善车辆的空气动力学和减少机舱噪音。根据上文light为形容词修饰名词，可知应填名词weight。故填weight。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知improve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且as为介词后跟动名词做宾语。故填improving。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查it用法。此处为固定句型it is assumed that…表示“据推测……”，it在句中作形式主语。句首字母要大写。故填It。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查介词。根据短语on average表示“平均”。故填on。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰动词combine应用副词eventually，表示“最终”。故填eventually。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词时态及语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据后文who turns them into a fiber by melting them可知为一般现在时，主语为pieces，谓语动词用复数。故填are sold。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种纤维与其他元素在一个特殊的过程中混合，然后被用来制造一种形成汽车部件的材料。根据短语be used to do sth.表示“被用来做……”，后跟不定式。故填to create。‎ ‎【点睛】It作形式主语常见句型 动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：‎ ‎1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句。‎ ‎2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等。‎ - 26 -‎ ‎3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown, recommended 等。‎ ‎4. It + 不及物动词（seem, appear, happen等）+ 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等。‎ ‎5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.+ 动词不定式。这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise。‎ ‎6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。‎ ‎7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式。‎ ‎8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等。‎ ‎9. It + take (sb.)+ 时间（金钱）+ 动词不定式。‎ 如第6小题，此处为固定句型it is assumed that…表示“据推测……”，it在句中作形式主语。句首字母要大写。故填It。‎ 第四部分写作 (共两节满分35 分)‎ 第一节短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个添字符号（∧），并在下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I had a chance to go Shanghai by air last week. I had often gone there by train ago and then came the day when I could experience travelling by air. After checking in, I waited patient for a while before my flights was announce. The plane was waiting on the runway and soon I found my on board. After fastening on my seat belt, I looked - 26 -‎ ‎ out of the window or waited for the plane to take off. When the plane was in the sky, I looked down and saw some houses, what resembled small to-houses. A s the plane went down, I realized that it is landing. It was a shrilled experience.‎ ‎【答案】1. go和Shanghai中间加to ‎2. ago→before/earlier ‎3. patient→patiently ‎4. flights→flight ‎5. me→myself ‎6.去掉on ‎7. or→and ‎8. what→which ‎9. is→was ‎10. thrilled→thrilling ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者上周乘飞机去上海的经历。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查介词。go为不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，表示“去……”为go to。故go和Shanghai中间加to。‎ ‎2.考查副词。根据上文had often gone可知，为过去完成时，ago与一般过去时连用，此处表示“在……之前”且与过去完成时连用可用before或earlier。故ago改为before/earlier。‎ ‎3.考查副词。修饰动词wait应用副词patiently，表示“耐心地等待”。故patient改为patiently。‎ ‎4.考查名词。flight为可数名词，此处指作者乘坐的飞机，应用单数形式。故flights改为flight。‎ ‎5.考查代词。句意：飞机在跑道上等着，很快我就上了飞机。根据短语find后跟反身代词可以表示“发现自己处于某种状态”，此处表示发现自己上了飞机，应用myself。故my改为myself。‎ ‎6.考查动词。fasten为及物动词，可直接跟宾语，不需要介词on。故去掉on。‎ - 26 -‎ ‎7.考查连词。句意：系好安全带后，我看了看窗外，等待飞机起飞。结合句意可知，上下文为承接关系，应用and连词。故or改为and。‎ ‎8.考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰houses，且从句中缺少主语故用关系代词which。故what改为which。‎ ‎9.考查动词时态。事情发生在上周，应用一般过去时。故is改为was。‎ ‎10.考查形容词。此处修饰后文名词experience，应用-ing结尾形容词。故thrilled改为thrilling。‎ ‎【点睛】关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。‎ ‎1. 以后缀-ed结尾的形容词（如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等）通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人 ‎2. 以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词（如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等）主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。‎ 如第10小题，此处修饰后文名词experience，应用-ing结尾形容词。故thrilled改为thrilling。‎ 第二节书面表达(满分25 分)‎ ‎52.假定你是校学生会主席李华，今年年初暴发的新冠肺炎疫情让全民开始关注自己的健康状况，因此你校将于近期举行跳绳比赛（the 2020 Student Rope skipping Match）。请你代表学生会给外教Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他作裁判。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 写信目的；‎ ‎2. 比赛时间和地点；‎ ‎3. 注意事项。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Mr. Smith,‎ - 26 -‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,‎ I’m Li Hua, one of your students. I’m writing to tell you there’ll be a 2020 Student Rope skipping Match in our school, which aims to call on students to pay attention to health. On behalf of the Students’ Union, I invite you to the competition as a judge.‎ The competition will be held at 8 a.m. on November 13th in the school playground. As a judge, you are expected to give scores to each group according to their performance. And after their performance, we hope you can make comments on their performance.‎ Looking forward to your reply and your presence at the competition.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是校学生会主席李华，今年年初暴发的新冠肺炎疫情让全民开始关注自己的健康状况，因此你校将于近期举行跳绳比赛（the 2020 Student Rope skipping Match）。请你代表学生会给外教Mr. Smith 写一封电子邮件，邀请他作裁判。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.比赛时间和地点；3.注意事项。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：the 2020 Student Rope skipping Match (跳绳比赛)；aim to(目的在于)；pay attention to (注意)；give scores (打分)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时。‎ - 26 -‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I’m writing to tell you there’ll be a 2020 Student Rope skipping Match in our school, which aims to call on students to pay attention to health.运用了非限定性定语从句；Looking forward to your reply and your presence at the competition.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 26 -‎ - 26 -‎