江苏高考英语试卷及讲解1

江苏高考英语试卷及讲解1

‎2008年江苏高考英语试卷及讲解 第二部分：英语语言知识运用（共三节，满分35分） ‎ 第一节：单项选择（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） ‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants. ‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ‎ 答案是B。 ‎ ‎21. We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. ‎ A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填 ‎ ‎【标准答案】B ‎ ‎【试题分析】本题主要考查冠词用法。第一空考查零冠词，在交通工具前不用冠词，如by air/by car等；第二空考查定冠词用法，定冠词用于名词之前，指世上独一无二的事物，如the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth等。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】冠词用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】by the sea意为“在海边”，按题意来看，“我们”到西海岸是“坐船（by sea）”去的，所以排除A、C。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】掌握好冠词，包括定冠词、不定冠、零冠词基本用法是解决此类问题的关键。 ‎ ‎22. —Do you mind if I record your lecture? ‎ ‎—______. Go ahead. ‎ A. Never mind B. No way ‎ C. Not at all D. No. You’d better not ‎ ‎【标准答案】C ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－我录下您的演讲您介意吗？－不介意，录吧！”根据“Go ahead”可知对方同意了请求，所以说“不介意”。如果不同意，回答应选择D. ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查交际用语。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】Never mind不要紧，没关系，用来回答别人道歉或安慰别人。No way没门，不可能，和语意不符。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】注意本题曾在2004年广东卷出现类似题目（35题）。 高考前要多练习历年各省高考试题。 ‎ ‎--Do you mind if I open the window? ‎ ‎--__________I feel a bit cold． ‎ A．Of course not． B．I’d rather you didn’t． C．Go ahead． D．Why not? ‎ ‎【答案及解析】 B选项A表示不介意；B表示希望对方不要打开窗户；C表示要对方去打开窗户；D表示责问对方为什么不干某事的原因。根据I feel a bit cold，答案选B。 ‎ ‎23. —Is Peter there? ‎ ‎—______, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you. ‎ A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off ‎ ‎【标准答案】B ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－彼特在吗？－请不要挂断电话，我去看看能否找到他。”hold on hold on 继续，坚持，保持；不挂断电话。此处意为“别挂，等一等”，相当于hold the line。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查交际用语和动词短语的含义辨析。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】搞不清楚每个动词短语的具体含义而误选，hold up 举起，竖起，支持，使停滞；hold out 伸出，提出，支持，主张；hold off 耽搁，不接近，离开。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】在复习中一定要积累一定量的动词短语用法，要分清它们的含义和在具体语境中的意思，如与have, take, put, come, go, make ,set等相关的词组的意思和用法。此考点为高考必考。 ‎ ‎24. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. where ‎ ‎【标准答案】A ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“在最近去英国的旅行中我们参观了科学博物馆，它是伦敦最吸引游客的地方之一。”分析从句的结构，we是主语，visit是谓语，during a recent trip to Britain是状语，visit后缺宾语，所以选择关系代词which。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查定语从句的用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】不注意分析句子结构易误选D，不知道非限定性定语从句中不能用that 则易误选C。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】在复习中有关定语从句的知识时，一定要学会分析从句的结构，理清其基本用法和特殊用法，如关系词在从句中充当什么成分，关系代词that和which用法区别等问题要特别注意。 ‎ ‎25. —I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid. ‎ ‎—That’s OK, there’s ______. ‎ A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry ‎ ‎【标准答案】D ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－恐怕到明天我也无法修理这些东西。－没什么，不着急。”根据句意易选D。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查交际用语和There be结构。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】There is no hurry,意为不必着急，不忙。如Don't drive so fast. There is no hurry.别开那么快，不用着急；There’s no wonder.难怪；There’s no doubt.毫无疑问；There’s no problem.没问题。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】掌握There be 结构的各种变化形式和句型：There is something wrong with/There is no need to do /There is no(some) difficult(trouble)in/ There is no help for/There is no difference between/There is no possibility that /There is no saying that/There is a chance that /There is a possibility that/There seems to be /There used to / There happen to be。 ‎ ‎26. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help. ‎ ‎—That’s right.________. ‎ A. Any hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing ‎ C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done ‎ ‎【标准答案】A ‎ ‎【试题分析】句意为：“－如果我们在聚会后都自愿帮忙的话，那清理工作应该不会花很长时间。－是的，人多活儿轻嘛。”. B项“聊胜于无”；C项“多多益善”；D项“速战速决”。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】在语境中英语谚语的应用。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】一定要分析句子的含义和说话者要表达的意图，否则易误选其他选项。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】在复习中要了解西方的文化和积累一些英语成语，俚语和谚语，如：Many heads are better than one. ‎ 三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。 ‎ ‎27. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ______ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself. ‎ A. 不填；but B. 不填；or C. not; or D. not; but ‎ ‎【标准答案】D ‎ ‎【试题分析】句意为：“人们通常说：旅行的快乐不在于要去的地方而在于旅行的过程。”根据句意不难选择D。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查短语not…but用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】本题解题的关键在于题意的理解。如果选择B，则意为：旅行的快乐在于要去的地方或者旅行的过程；如果选择C，则意为：旅行的快乐既不在于要去的地方也不在于旅行的过程。这样就不符合常规的思维逻辑。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】not…but是个连词词组，作 “不是……而是……”解，连接两个并列的成分，表示意思上的转折。 ‎ ‎[举例](1) He is not English, but American. ‎ 他不是英国人，而是美国人。(连接两个表语) ‎ ‎(2) The servant can't read and write in English, but can speak English fluently. ‎ 这个仆人不能读英语和写英语，但却能流利地说英语。(连接两个谓语) ‎ ‎(3) They need not money but farm labors. ‎ 他们不需要钱，而需要劳动力。(连接两个宾语) ‎ ‎(4)Not the students but the teacher is hoping to go there. ‎ 不是学生而在老师希望去那儿。(连接两个主语) ‎ ‎[注意]“not…but”连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持—致。 这点和not only…but also连接两个主语时谓语动词用法一致。 ‎ ‎[举例] Not the teacher but the students are hoping to go there. ‎ 不是老师而是学生希望去那儿。 ‎ ‎2007 全国卷I中，把not…but和强调句放在一起考查： ‎ Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ____their education that causes misunderstanding. ‎ A. like B. as C. or D. but ‎ ‎28. —Why do you suggest we buy a new machine? ‎ ‎—Because the old one has been damaged ______. ‎ A. beyond reach B. beyond repair ‎ C. beyond control D. beyond description ‎ ‎【标准答案】B ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－为什么你建议我们买一台新机器呢？－因为这台旧的已经坏掉了，无法修理了。” beyond reach够不着；beyond control控制不了；beyond description无法描述。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查交际用语和介词beyond用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】本题要注意句意的理解。出题者把介词beyond放在具体的语言环境中考查了其做状语的用法，提高了对句意理解的要求。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】平时学习中，要特别注意加强对常用介词的用法识记。beyond作介词时可以表示范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为……所不能及”。在句中常作表语、定语或状语。①作表语 Your work is beyond all praise．你的作品叫人赞扬不尽。 ②作定语 These were matters beyond his understanding as yet．这些事情他那时候还不了解。 ③作状语 We succeeded beyond our hopes．我们获得如此之成功，是我们始料所不及的。beyond还可以表示位置和时间，如：beyond that hill在山的那边；beyond midnight半夜以后。 ‎ ‎29. —They are quiet, aren’t they? ‎ ‎—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals. ‎ A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking ‎ ‎【标准答案】D ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－他们很安静，是吧？－是的，他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。”根据短语be accustomed to doing的用法，不难选择D答案。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查交际用语和短语be accustomed to（习惯于）用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】如果不能熟记短语be accustomed to doing，易误选A、B；如果对句意不能很好理解，易误选C。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】be accustomed to 出现于牛津英语模块六第三单元，重点要识记to是介词，后面用doing. 类似的短语还有：look forward to 期望，盼望 /prefer to宁愿/compare … to把A比喻B/in addition to除...之外　　　 /the key to …的关键/see to负责, 注意/stick to 坚持/lead to 导致/pay attention to注意/devote oneself to奉献/ give way to　给…让路/according to　根据/get down to 着手做/be open to 愿意接受/object to　反对/turn to转向, 变成, 求助于/due to由于, 应归于/refer to查阅, 提到, 谈到, 打听/second to仅次于。但使用时要注意句子结构。如：The letter they look forward to arrived.此处they look forward to修饰主语the letter，和arrived无关。 ‎ ‎30. It is ______ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill. ‎ A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good ‎ ‎【标准答案】C ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“要把钱花在通过提高健康的生活质量来防止疾病上，而不是花在生病后的治疗康复上。”第一空中，把钱的两种投入方式进行对比，所以用比较级；第二空，make people better使身体更健康，含有“越来越好”之意，所以也用比较级。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查形容词比较等级的用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】此句题干较长，一定要注意理解题意，分清有几个对象在相比较，不要受汉语的影响而误选其他选项。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】这是一个it作形式主语的主语从句。长句的句子结构分析是高考之前考生必备的一项能力。可以通过熟练掌握五种基本句型的方式或通过大量阅读培养语感的方式来理解长、难句的结构。 ‎ ‎31. —I’m still working on my project. ‎ ‎—Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______. ‎ A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out ‎ ‎【标准答案】A ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－我还在忙着我的项目。－哦，你要错过最后期限了。时间要用完了。”run out表示“被用完了（become used up)”的被动含义，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。例如：His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。根据句意选择A。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考查短语动词辨析。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】在理解句意的基础上，明白其它短语含义：go out 出去，熄灭；give out用完，耗尽；分发；放出（气味，热量等）；lose out (比赛)输掉, 失败。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】加强基本英语知识识记。平时做题过程中遇到的短语动词都要清晰地牢记每个短语的含义。平时多积累，考试反应就快。同时注意把动词短语放在情景交际用语中考查这种新趋势。 ‎ ‎32. ______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. ‎ A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will ‎ C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will ‎ ‎【标准答案】A ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“只有在你饮食正确的条件下，你才能保持健康。”only用于句首和条件状语连用时，后面使用倒装结构。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考察倒装句的用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】unless = if not（除非），用于句首时引导条件状语从句，主句不用倒装。如：Unless I work hard and hold it on, I won't go to the NO.1 high school.首先排除C项。D项句意为：“如果你饮食正确，你将不能保持健康。”语意逻辑有问题。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】only在句首倒装的情况：①only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装；②如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得很重时，他才卧床休息。倒装结构是英语语法中较为容易掌握的一项，最近几年高考都有所涉及，一定要逐条记忆。 ‎ ‎33. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. ‎ ‎—I think so. He ______ for it for months. ‎ A. is preparing B. was preparing ‎ C. had been preparing D. has been preparing ‎ ‎【标准答案】D ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－我确信安德鲁会赢得决赛的第一名。－我也这样认为。他几个月来一直在准备。”题干中for months决定了句子使用完成时，而且据句意，他一直在准备，所以最好使用进行时。这样，D项的现在完成进行时就是最佳选择。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考察动词的时态。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】因为句子中没有过去时，所以就不会有“过去的过去”，C项错误；B项只强调过去某几个月里他一直在准备，和现在关系不大，所以就不可能有对安德鲁获胜的把握较大的推测。现在进行时很少和段时间状语连用。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】时态问题是高考的重点考察项目，也是学生英语学习中的重点难点，在复习中一定要掌握好各种时态的基本用法以及它们的表现形式，最佳的办法就是把自己当作说话人，去体会句子中语境的时态。平时要多做高考时态试题，慢慢体会时态用法。‎ ‎34. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can. ‎ A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak ‎ ‎【标准答案】C ‎ ‎【试题分析】语意为：“为学好英语，我们应该尽自己所能找机会听别人说英语。”hear sth. done听到某事被做。本句中，英语被别人说，所以用过去分词表被动用法。故选择C。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】考察非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法。 ‎ ‎【易错提醒】hear后可以用do/doing/done三种形式作宾语补足语。hear sb. do听到动作的全过程；hear sb. doing听到某个动作正在做；hear sth. done听到某事被做。本句中hear的宾语是English，应该是“被说”的，所以排除A、B。D项结构错误，首先应该排除。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】掌握非谓语动词时，要重点掌握三种形式的特点。如-ing形式强调动作正在进行或主动，过去分词强调已经完成或被动，动词不定式强调将要发生或具体动作等。还要清晰掌握细节，如能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。 ‎ ‎35. —I’m sorry. I ______ at you the other day. ‎ ‎—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. ‎ A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted ‎ C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted ‎ ‎【标准答案】B ‎ ‎【试题分析】题意为：“－对不起，前几天我不应该对你大喊大叫的。－没事，我自己也有点失控。” shouldn’t have本来不应该做而做了。根据题意选择B。 ‎ ‎【高考考点】情态动词+have done sth. ‎ ‎【易错提醒】不能搞清楚情态动词的基本含义和用法。如D项must have done用来表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，否定推测使用can’t/couldn’t have done。还要注意审清题干，本题中the other day的含义是前几天，所以不用A、C选项。 ‎ ‎【备考提示】情态动词的用法是高考必考项目。对情态动词的复习中一定要搞清楚情态动词的基本含义和用法，尤其是情态动词+have done sth.表推测的用法的具体意思，结合上下文加以准确判断：should have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。” /ought to have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。” / need have done 表示“过去本有必要做某事却未做。” /could have done 表示“过去本能够做某事却未做。” /might have done 表示“过去本可以做某事却未做。” ‎ 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） ‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist(打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. ‎ ‎“Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion(酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38 . Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never 40 me.” ‎ ‎“My 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to ‘hear’ music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note(音调高低) by the vibrations(振动) I feel through my body and through my 44 . My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have.” ‎ ‎“I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on my performance, I was 49 admitted and went on to 50 with the academy’s highest honors.” ‎ ‎“After that, I established myself as the first full-time solo percussionist. I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.” ‎ ‎“I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought I was totally deaf, it didn’t 54 that my passion couldn’t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart. They will lead you to the place you want to go.” ‎ ‎36. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. recommendations ‎ ‎37. A. enjoying B. choosing C. taking D. giving ‎ ‎38. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. taste ‎ ‎39. A. evidence B. result C. excuse D. cause ‎ ‎40. A. left B. excited C. accompanied D. disappointed ‎ ‎41. A. purpose B. decision C. promise D. goal ‎ ‎42. A. turned B. learned C. used D. ought ‎ ‎43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell ‎ ‎44. A. carefulness B. movement C. imagination D. experience ‎ ‎45. A. sense B. effort C. feeling D. idea ‎ ‎46. A. dissatisfied B. astonished C. determined D. discouraged ‎ ‎47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted ‎ ‎48. A. supported B. followed C. required D. opposed ‎ ‎49. A. usually B. finally C. possibly D. hopefully ‎ ‎50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress ‎ ‎51. A. wrote B. translated C. copied D. read ‎ ‎52. A. enough B. some C. many D. few ‎ ‎53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Since ‎ ‎54. A. mean B. seem C. conclude D. say ‎ ‎55. A. directed B. guided C. taught D. limited ‎ ‎【讲解】 ‎ 完形填空讲述的是英国著名聋女打击乐手Evelyn Glennie成功的故事。本文中的很多词汇，如：solo、percussion等在牛津英语教材模块八第二单元中均有所涉及。 ‎ ‎36. B。从上下文可知Glennie不想让别人的看法（the opinions of others）左右自己成为音乐家的理想。A条件；C项行动；D项推荐。 ‎ ‎37. C。Glennie八岁开始学习钢琴。take lessons上课，固定短语。 ‎ ‎38. B。 从下文可知，Glennie听觉（hearing）逐渐失去，直到12岁时完全失聪（completely deaf）。 ‎ ‎39. D．神经损伤（the nerve damage）是Glennie失去听觉的主要原因（cause）。evidence证据；result结果；excuse借口。 ‎ ‎40. “我对音乐的爱从来没有离开过我。”根据never，句意否定，所以B项excite sb.令人激动，C项accompany sb.陪伴某人不正确。D项应为disappear from sb.。 ‎ ‎41. D。人生的目标 （goal ）,purpose目的；decision决定；promise许诺。 ‎ ‎42. B。“我学会了‘听’（learn to do）音乐。”turn to转向（某人寻求帮助）；used to 过去常常（做某事）；ought to应该做某事。 ‎ ‎43. A。tell 辨别；see看到；hear听到；smell闻到。句意是：通过振动来辨别音调的高低。 ‎ ‎44. C。据句意，为了分辨音调的高低，除了通过身体对振动的感觉，还可以通过我的想象（imagination）。因为Glennie以前没有失聪过，所以不会有experience（经验）；而carefulness（细心）和身体的movement（运动）对聋人来说是无法分辨音调高低的。 ‎ ‎45. A。“我只有通过调动全部的感觉（sense）器官”才能弥补失聪的遗憾来感受周围世界。定语从句I have修饰的我能拥有的sense 感觉、effort努力、feeling感情、idea想法中A项符合句意。 ‎ ‎46. C。Glennie下定决心（be determined to do）要被别人评价为一名音乐家，而不是一名聋人音乐家。dissatisfied不满意的； astonished惊讶的；discouraged气馁的。A、B、D都是Glennie对别人评价的反应，而Glennie这时实际上还没有成名，所以不可能有这些感觉。 ‎ ‎47. A。“以前没有失聪学生做过（done）这件事（applied to the Royal Academy of Music）”。Accept接受，advise建议，admit承认。根据语意，A项正确。 ‎ ‎48. D。因为以前没有失聪学生被录取，所以一些老师反对（oppose）Glennie进入the Royal Academy of Music。 ‎ ‎49. B。由于Glennie的表现，最终（finally）被录取。 ‎ ‎50. C。以最高的荣誉从the Royal Academy of Music毕业（graduate）。 ‎ ‎51. A。作曲write musical compositions。 ‎ ‎52. D。自己作曲的原因是很少有人（few）专门为打击乐器独奏演员作曲。 ‎ ‎53. B。尽管医生认为Glennie完全聋了，但并不意味着她的热情被忽视了。Although引导让步状语从句。从语意判断，B项最佳。 ‎ ‎54. A。mean意味着。conclude作结论。 ‎ ‎55. D。Glennie根据自己的切身体会告诫人们：不要被别人这样那样的说法所禁锢（limit）。 ‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） ‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ A ‎ What time is it? Most people are pretty accurate in their answer. And if you don’t know for sure, it’s very likely that you can find out. There may be a watch on your wrist; there may be a clock on the wall, desk, or computer screen; or maybe you’re riding in a car that has a clock in the dashboard(仪表板). ‎ Even if you don’t have a timepiece of some sort nearby, your body keeps its own beat. Humans have an internal clock that regulates(调节) the beating of our heart, the pace of our breathing, the discharge(排出) of chemicals within our bloodstream, and many other bodily functions. ‎ Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally. ‎ By taking control of how you spend your time, you’ll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you will have to spend on your outside interests. ‎ The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become all saves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to permit us to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes. ‎ ‎56. The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 most likely means somebody or something that is ______. ‎ A. your slave and serves you B. your supporter and helps you ‎ B. under your control and obeys you D. under your influence and follows you ‎ ‎57. The author intends to tell us that time ______. ‎ A. could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch ‎ B. could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies ‎ C. should be well managed for our own interest ‎ D. should be saved for outside interests ‎ ‎58. In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you ‎ ‎______. ‎ A. how to keep up with the times B. how to make up for lost time ‎ C. how to have a good time D. how to make good use of time ‎ ‎【讲解】本文是一篇说明文，教育人们如何管理自己的时间。 ‎ ‎56. B。猜测词义题。根据前面一个句子中let it be our enemy和make it our ally对比，和enemy对应的意思是B项。 ‎ ‎57. C。推理判断题。由第二段可以推断出作者想告诉我们人体内的生物钟可以调节时间。 ‎ ‎58. D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句：what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time可以推断下一段作者将讨论人们如何充分利用时间。 ‎ B ‎ We experience different forms of the Sun’s energy every day. We can see its light and feel its warmth. The Sun is the major source of energy for our planet. It causes the evaporation(蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms(生物) on the Earth. ‎ Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food. ‎ Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth’s surface back to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases. ‎ When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected depends on the surface. For example, you’ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark-coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air. ‎ ‎59. According to the passage, the root cause for weather changes on the Earth is ______. ‎ A. the atmosphere surrounding the Earth B. water from oceans and lakes ‎ C. energy from the Sun D. greenhouse gases in the sky ‎ ‎60. Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is ______. ‎ A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere ‎ B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere ‎ C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere ‎ D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes ‎ ‎61. We learn from the passage that ______. ‎ A. all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food ‎ B. a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy ‎ C. only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth ‎ D. greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth’s surface ‎ ‎【讲解】本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了太阳能如何被地球利用方面的知识。 ‎ ‎59. C。细节理解题。据第二段“The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather.”判断得出答案。 ‎ ‎60. C。细节理解题。据第二段“Much of the energy…is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere, 30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface.”可以得出答案。 ‎ ‎61. A。主旨大意题。通读全文不难看出文章是关于太阳能是如何被地球生物利用的。B、C、D都有点以偏概全。 ‎ C ‎ Gallery Policies ‎ for Visitors to National Gallery of Art‎, ‎Washington ‎ Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrellas, parcels, and other things as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms. Free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags. Backpacks, and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the ‎4th Street entrance of either the East or West‎ ‎Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted. Items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras, and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the galleries. ‎ We regret that we do not have enough space for visitor items larger than 17×26 inches into the Gallery or its checkrooms. ‎ Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the Gallery. For the safety of the artworks and other visitor. Nothing may be carried on a visitor’s back, Soft front baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Pushchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom. ‎ Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitor’s bag. Cell phones may not be used in the galleries. ‎ Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted in the Gallery. ‎ Skateboarding is prohibited. ‎ Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited. Tripods(三脚架) are not allowed. ‎ Please do not touch the works of art. ‎ ‎62. When people come to visit the Gallery, they should ______. ‎ A. leave all their carried items at the checkrooms ‎ B. have all their carried items x-rayed at the entrance ‎ C. take all their carried items with them without inspection ‎ D. have all their carried items inspected at the entrance ‎ ‎63. What does the Gallery feel sorry for? ‎ A. Visitors have to keep their valuable items in the checkrooms. ‎ B. The size of visitor items allowed into the Gallery is limited. ‎ C. It cannot keep oversized visitor items due to limited space. ‎ D. Visitor items over 17×26 inches must go through additional checks. ‎ ‎64. Parents with small children visiting the Gallery ______. ‎ A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers. ‎ B. can carry their children on their shoulders ‎ C. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the back ‎ D. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their children ‎ ‎65. Visiting photographers should make sure that ______. ‎ A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the Gallery ‎ B. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal use ‎ C. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the Gallery ‎ D. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions ‎ ‎【讲解】本文是一篇告示，介绍参观艺术博物馆时的注意事项，强调在公共场所的文明意识。 ‎ ‎62. D。细节理解题。根据第一句：Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry.易得出答案。 ‎ ‎63. B。细节理解题。据We regret that we do not have enough space for visitor items larger than 17×26 inches into the Gallery or its checkrooms.得出结论。要特别注意D项易误选。 ‎ ‎64. A。细节理解题。据Soft front baby carriers are allowed.可知。 ‎ ‎65. B。细节理解题。据Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited.可以判断。 ‎ D ‎ It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, career, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of his dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son. He was working on his future, and nothing could stop him. ‎ Over the phone, his mother told him, “Mr. Belser died last night. The funeral is Wednesday.” Memories flashed through his mind like an old newsreel as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days. ‎ ‎“Jack, did you her me?” ‎ ‎“Oh, sorry, Mom. Yes, I heard you. It’s been so long since I thought of him. I’m sorry, but I honestly thought he died years ago,” Jack said. ‎ ‎“Well, he didn’t forget you. Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were ‎ doing. He’d reminisce(回忆) about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it,” Mom told him. ‎ ‎“I told that old house he lived in,” Jack said. ‎ ‎“You know, Jack, after your father died, Mr. Belser stepped in to make sure you had a man’s influence in your life,” she said. ‎ ‎“He’s the one who taught me carpentry. I wouldn’t be in this business if it weren’t for him. He spent a lot of time teaching me things he thought were important… Mom, I’ll be there for the funeral,” Jack said. ‎ Busy as he was, he kept his word. Jack caught the next flight to his hometown. Mr. Belser’s funeral was small and uneventful. He had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away. ‎ The night before the had to return home, Jack and his Mom stopped by to see the old house next door one more time, which was exactly as he remembered. Every step held memories. Every picture, every piece of furniture… Jack stopped suddenly. ‎ ‎“What’s wrong, Jack?” his Mom asked. ‎ ‎“The box is gone,” he said. ‎ ‎“What box?” Mom asked. ‎ ‎“There was a small gold box that he kept locked on top of his desk. I must have asked him a thousand times what was inside. All he’d ever tell me was ‘the thing I value most’,” Jack said. ‎ It was gone. Everything about the house was exactly how Jack remembered it, except for the box, He figured someone from the Belser family had taken it. ‎ ‎“Now, I’ll never know what was so valuable to him,” Jack said sadly. ‎ Returning to his office the next day, he found a package on his desk. The return address caught his attention. ‎ ‎“Mr. Harold Belser” it read. ‎ Jack tore open the package. There inside was the gold box and an envelope. Jack’s hands shook as he read the note inside. ‎ ‎“Upon my death, please forward this box and its contents to Jack Bennett. It’s the thing I valued most in my life.” A small key was taped to the letter. His heart racing, and tears filling his eyes, Jack carefully unlocked the box. There inside he found a beautiful gold pocket watch. Running his fingers slowly over the fine cover, he opened it. ‎ Inside he found these words carved: “Jack, Thanks for your time! Harold Belser.” ‎ ‎“Oh, My God! This is the thing he valued most…” ‎ Jack held the watch for a few minutes, then called his assistant and cleared his appointments for the next two days. “Why?” his assistant asked. ‎ ‎“I need some time to spend with my son,” he said. ‎ ‎66. Why did Jack think Mr. Belser died years ago? ‎ A. College and career prevented him from remembering Mr. Bleser. ‎ B. Jack was too busy with his business and family to think about Mr. Belser. ‎ C. Jack was too busy realizing his dreams to think about Mr. Belser. ‎ D. His present busy life washed away his childhood memories. ‎ ‎67. Jack’s mother told him on the phone about Mr. Belser EXCEPT that ______. ‎ A. Mr. Belser often asked how Jack was doing ‎ B. Mr. Belser’s funeral would take place on Wednesday ‎ C. Mr. Belser had asked for Jack’s mailing address ‎ D. Mr. Belser had pleasant memories of their time together ‎ ‎68. Why did Belser send Jack his gold watch? ‎ A. Because he was grateful for Jack’s time with him. ‎ B. Because he had no children or relatives. ‎ C. Because he thought he had to keep his word. ‎ D. Because Jack had always wanted it during his childhood. ‎ ‎69. Why did Jack say he needed some time to spend with his son? ‎ A. He was very tired of his work and wanted to have a good rest. ‎ B. He had promised to spare more time to stay with his son. ‎ C. He had missed his son and his family for days. ‎ D. He came to realize the importance of the time with his family. ‎ ‎70. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage? ‎ A. The Good Old Times B. What He Valued Most ‎ C. An Old Gold Watch D. The Lost Childhood Days ‎ ‎【讲解】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一个故事说明人与人之间的相处。 ‎ ‎66. C。细节理解题。据“Jack moved clear across the country in pursuit of his dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past.”可知。D项错误，因为Jack并没有因为繁忙的生活而完全冲刷了对童年的记忆。B项错误，因为Jack忙得甚至家人都无法顾及。 ‎ ‎67. C。细节理解题。根据Jack母亲的电话内容，很容易选出答案。 ‎ ‎68. A。细节理解题。根据“Jack, Thanks for your time! Harold Belser.”可以判断。 ‎ ‎69. D。推理判断题。Jack从Harold Belser对他的感谢中感悟出亲情的重要。这也是文章想表达的主旨。A、B、C文中均未提及。 ‎ ‎70. B。归纳概括题。文章以Harold Belser最珍惜的the gold box为线索，表现的是人们最珍惜的应该是人与人之间的感情这个主旨。所以B项最佳。 ‎ 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） ‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 ‎ 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 ‎ Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations(调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone. ‎ Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience. ‎ What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference. ‎ Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. ‎ When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement. ‎ After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness — the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. ‎ Title Working Together ‎ Theme Effective performance needs highly cooperated (71) ▲ . ‎ General rules •Keep an open mind to everyone’s (72) ▲ . ‎ ‎•Divide the group task among group members. ‎ ‎•(73) ▲ and trust each other. ‎ ‎(74) ▲ •Understand and agree to the (75) ▲ task of one’s own. ‎ ‎•Take turns doing various tasks. ‎ ‎•Show concern for others to ensure safety. ‎ ‎•Take (76) ▲ for one’s own learning. ‎ ‎•Compare your own observations with those of others. ‎ Explore an issue •Break the (77) ▲ into several areas. ‎ ‎•Keep records of the sources just in (78) ▲ . ‎ ‎•(79) ▲ your information with others via proper format. ‎ ‎•Make all decisions by compromise and agreement. ‎ ‎(80) ▲ ‎ Effectiveness •Analyze the strengths and weaknesses. ‎ ‎•Find out the opportunities and challenges. ‎ ‎【讲解】本篇任务型阅读的主题是团队协作 ‎ ‎71.文章的主题是团队协作，据第一句可填出teamwork； ‎ ‎72.据“What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration …”可以填出ideas或和ideas意义相同的opinions/views/thoughts； ‎ ‎73.据“encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another.”可以填出Encourage； ‎ ‎74.据第四段“Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities …”可以填出Suggestions； ‎ ‎75. 据第四段“Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her …”可以填出given。 ‎ ‎76.据第四段“be responsible for your own learning”可以填出 responsibility。注意词性变换。 ‎ ‎77. 据第五段“divide the topic into several areas ”可以填出topic或和topic词义相同的subject、issue。 ‎ ‎78. 据第五段“that may happen unexpectedly”可知偶然发生，用in case短语代替。 ‎ ‎79. 据第五段“A format for exchanging information…”可以填出exchange。 ‎ ‎80. 据第六段“After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness …”可以填出Evaluate。 ‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分） ‎ 实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表、更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。 ‎ 为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系 ‎ 谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟，…… ‎ 老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求，…… ‎ 同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学，…… ‎ 怎样倾听 （请考生联系自己拟定内容，列举两至三点。） ‎ 注意： ‎ 对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。 ‎ 词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。 ‎ 演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。 ‎ Good afternoon, everyone! ‎ The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”. ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ Thank you for your listening! ‎ ‎【讲解】 ‎ 今年的出题较为新颖，出人意料。题目形式和前几年相同，属于半开放式作文。写作时要注意按照表格要求分为三段：为何倾听，谁来倾听，怎样倾听。特别注意动词的使用：表示尊重（show respect），增进理解（promote understanding），建立关系（improve relationship），消除代沟（narrow the generation gap），满足需求（meet their needs）等。在表达自己观点时，要使用自己熟悉的句型，按要求两至三点即可。如：listen more to others；show your respect；show you are interested等。总之，只要表达清晰，注意句式变化，得高分是不难的。 ‎ ‎【范文】Good afternoon, everyone! ‎ The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”. ‎ Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship. ‎ Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed. ‎ What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. (151) ‎ Thank you for your listening! ‎