高考一轮复习英语语法专项六状语从句

高考一轮复习英语语法专项六状语从句

‎2012届高考一轮复习语法专项六：状语从句 由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。‎ ‎（一）时间状语从句 表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。‎ e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.‎ ‎ He started as soon as he received the news.‎ ‎ Once you see him, you will never forget him.‎ ‎ No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.‎ ‎（二）原因状语从句 ‎ 原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。‎ ‎ e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.‎ ‎ As it is raining, I will not go out.‎ ‎ Now that you mention it, I do remember.‎ ‎（三）地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。‎ e.g. Sit wherever you like.‎ ‎ Make a mark where you have a question.‎ ‎（四）目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。‎ e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.‎ ‎ She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.‎ ‎ He left early in case he should miss the train.‎ ‎（五）结果状语从句 ‎ 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。 ‎ ‎ e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.‎ ‎ He was so excited that he could not say a word. ‎ ‎ She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.‎ ‎（六）条件状语从句 ‎ 条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。‎ ‎ e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.‎ ‎ You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.‎ ‎ So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.‎ ‎ You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.‎ ‎ If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.‎ ‎（七）让步状语从句 ‎ 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。‎ ‎ e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.‎ ‎ Child as he is, he knows a lot.‎ ‎ Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never change my mind.‎ ‎（八）方式状语从句 ‎ 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。‎ ‎ e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.‎ ‎ He acted as if nothing had happened.‎ ‎（九）比较状语从句 ‎ 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。‎ ‎ e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.‎ ‎ He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.‎ ‎ The busier he is, the happier he feels.‎ ‎（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题 ‎ 1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。‎ ‎ e.g. We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.‎ ‎ I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.‎ ‎ 2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。‎ ‎ e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.‎ ‎ If (you are) asked you may come in.‎ ‎ If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.‎ ‎ 3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。‎ ‎ e.g. You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）‎ ‎ Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）‎ ‎ I don’t know where he came from.（宾语从句）‎ ‎ Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）‎ ‎ This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）‎ 练习、状语从句 一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：‎ ‎1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. ‎ ‎2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.‎ ‎3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.‎ ‎4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.‎ ‎5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.‎ ‎6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.‎ ‎7. Where there is water, there is life.‎ ‎8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.‎ ‎9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.‎ ‎10. Even if (though) I fail. I’ll never lose heart.‎ ‎11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.‎ ‎12. I will find her wherever she may be. ‎ ‎13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.‎ ‎14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.‎ ‎15. We must do everything as he tells us.‎ ‎16. India is much bigger than Japan.‎ ‎17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.‎ ‎18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.‎ 二、用适当的连词填空：‎ ‎1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty.‎ ‎2. He began to work __________ he got there.‎ ‎3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.‎ ‎4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.‎ ‎5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.‎ ‎6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.‎ ‎7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.‎ ‎8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.‎ ‎9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.‎ ‎10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.‎ ‎11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.‎ ‎12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.‎ ‎13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.‎ ‎14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.‎ ‎15. He was angrier __________ ever before.‎ ‎16. __________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.‎ ‎17. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.‎ ‎18. Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.‎ 三、选择填空：‎ ‎1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.‎ ‎ A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although ‎2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.‎ ‎ A. if B. unless C. for D. since ‎3. We will work ____ we are needed.‎ ‎ A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever ‎4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.‎ A. so that B. if C. when D. although ‎5._____ you go, don't forget your people.‎ A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever ‎6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.‎ A. since B. for C. when D. as ‎7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.‎ A. because B. however C. when D. since ‎8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.‎ A. When B. Because C. Though D. As ‎9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.‎ A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of ‎10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.‎ A. as B. when C. since D. for ‎11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.‎ A. though B. although C. as if D. when ‎12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.‎ A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When ‎13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.‎ A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though ‎14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.‎ A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as ‎15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.‎ A. since B. until C. because D. though ‎16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.‎ A. even if B. as though C. because D. until ‎17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.‎ A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they ‎18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.‎ A. since B. so that C. for D. because ‎19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.‎ A. unless B. as C. if D. until ‎20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.‎ A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where ‎21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.‎ A. and B. but C. as D. unless ‎22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.‎ A. until B. unless C. when D. before ‎23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.‎ A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even ‎24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.‎ A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless ‎25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.‎ A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where ‎26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?‎ A. when B. that C. though D. however ‎27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.‎ A. although B. even though C. so that D. since ‎28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.‎ A. that B. though C. unless D. if ‎29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.‎ A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though ‎30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.‎ A. than B. when C. while D. as ‎31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.‎ A. Much B. However C. As D. Although ‎32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.‎ A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever ‎33. The child was __ immediately after supper.‎ A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed ‎34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.‎ A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as ‎35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.‎ A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although ‎36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.‎ A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of[‎ A. than B. as C. while D. when ‎38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.‎ A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever ‎39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.‎ A. which B. at which C. when D. where ‎40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.‎ A. because B. so C. if D. as ‎41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.‎ A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as ‎42. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.‎ A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good ‎43. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.‎ A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as ‎44. Although he is considered a great writer,‎ A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read ‎45. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.‎ A. With B. Since C. While D. As ‎46.—What was the party like? ‎ ‎—Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.‎ A. after B. when C. before D. since ‎47. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.‎ A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then ‎48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.‎ A. what B. how C. however D. whatever ‎49. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.‎ A. that B. where C. which D. when ‎50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.‎ A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is ‎ ‎51. He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.‎ ‎ A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished ‎52. ____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.‎ ‎ A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However ‎53. It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.‎ ‎ A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work C. so difficult work D. such difficult work 参考答案 一、‎ ‎1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 让步 ‎2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.比较 ‎3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.方式 ‎4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.结果 ‎5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.条件 ‎6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.时间 ‎7. Where there is water, there is life.地点 ‎8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的 ‎9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因 ‎10. Even if (though) I fail, I’ll never lose heart.让步 ‎11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.时间 ‎12. I will find her wherever she may be. 让步 ‎13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因 ‎14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.结果 ‎15. We must do everything as he tells us.方式 ‎16. India is much bigger than Japan.比较 ‎17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.让步 ‎18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.条件 二、1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Whwerever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever; 9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16. Even if; 17. that; 18. as 三、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA ‎ ‎26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD ‎ ‎51~53 CDD