2020版高考英语总复习Unit5Firstaid 人教版必修5

2020版高考英语总复习Unit5Firstaid 人教版必修5

Unit 5　First aid Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 23‎ ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 经典原句 句式归纳 仿写造句 ‎1.... it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.‎ ‎……正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。‎ where在句中引导表语从句，表示“……的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎1.这就是我曾经学习了四年的地方。‎ This is where_I_once_studied for four years.‎ ‎2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。‎ be doing... when...意为“正在做……，突然……”，句中的when相当于and then/and at that time，连接两个并列分句。‎ ‎2.今天早晨我正在大街上走，突然我看见两个游客正在困惑地看着地图。‎ This morning I_was_walking_in_the_street_when I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled.‎ ‎3.There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and ‎ There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，‎ ‎3.(2017·北京卷)毫无疑问，我们制作的视频是非常成功 23‎ the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ 其中的that引导同位语从句。‎ 的。‎ There_is_no_doubt_that the video we made is very successful.‎ Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 第一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 ‎[教材原句]　First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.‎ 急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sb.‎ 对某人进行急救 with the aid of sb.＝with sb.'s aid 在某人的帮助下 in aid of 为了援助；支持 go/come to one's aid 去/来援助某人 apply for aid 申请支援 ‎(2)aid sb. in(doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人 aid sb. with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 单句语法填空 ‎①I aid the poor girl ________ continuing her study.‎ ‎②They were accused of aiding him ________(escape)．‎ ‎③He aids the poor ________ money.‎ ‎④With ________ aid of the Internet, I quickly found all the information I needed.‎ ‎⑤I couldn't speak any French, but a nice man came ________ my aid and told me where to go.‎ ‎[答案]　①in　②to escape　③with　④the　⑤to ‎2．injury n．损伤；伤害 23‎ ‎[教材原句]　Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.‎ 通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救生命。‎ ‎(1)do an injury to sb.＝do sb. an injury 伤害某人 be an injury/injuries to sb./sth. 对某人/某物的伤害 ‎(2)injure vt. 受伤；损害 ‎(3)injured adj. 受伤的 单句语法填空 ‎①What you said was an injury ________ her fame.‎ ‎②Don't do that. You'll do yourself ________ injury.‎ ‎③The ________(injure) were sent to the nearest hospital.‎ ‎④The driver of the car received serious ________(injure) to the legs and arms.‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②an　③injured　④injuries ‎3．variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)‎ ‎[教材原句]　You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.‎ 你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。‎ ‎(1)a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的 ‎(2)various adj.＝varieties of/a variety of 各种各样的；不同种类的 ‎(3)vary vi. 不同；变化；变更 vary from...to... 由……到……不等；在……到……之间变化 vary with 随……而变动 单句语法填空 ‎①Our company provides us with ________(variety) of activities.‎ ‎②There are ________(variety) ways of cooking eggs.‎ ‎③Our customs vary from place ________ place.‎ 完成句子 ‎④There ________ a large variety of flowers on sale in the market, while the variety of what he prefers ________ limited.‎ 市场上销售各种各样的鲜花，但是他能中意的品种却不多。‎ ‎[答案]　①varieties　②various　③to　④are; is 23‎ ‎[技巧点拨]　“a variety of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用复数；“the variety of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用单数。‎ ‎4．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎[教材原句]　If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎(1)be vital for/to sth. 对……极为重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth. ……是十分重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 ‎(2)vitally adv. 至关重要地 单句语法填空 ‎①Enough sleep is vital ________ the students' well－being and health.‎ ‎②As far as I'm concerned, it is vital ________(keep) accurate records.‎ ‎③It is ________(vital) important for us to be in this place today working with the children.‎ 完成句子 ‎④It is vital that children _________________.‎ 重要的是孩子们要受到良好的教育。‎ ‎[答案]　①to/for　②to keep　③vitally　④(should) receive good education ‎[知识顾问]　在句型“It is vital that...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎5．squeeze vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨 ‎[教材原句]　For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.‎ 对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需要把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。‎ squeeze through 挤过 squeeze out 榨出；挤出 squeeze... out of/from 把……从……中榨出来 squeeze into/in 挤进；塞进 squeeze one's way 勉强通过；挤过 单句语法填空 ‎①This machine helps you to squeeze more juice ________.‎ 23‎ ‎②Five of us squeezed ________ the back seat of the car.‎ ‎③The bus was full, but I managed to squeeze ________.‎ ‎[答案]　①out　②into/in　③in ‎6．pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨 ‎[教材原句]　Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.‎ 山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。‎ pour in/into 涌进 pour out of 从……中涌出来 pour down (雨)倾盆而降 pour out 倾诉 单句语法填空 ‎①After the meeting the people poured ________ in crowds.‎ ‎②She poured ________ her worries to the doctor.‎ ‎③The rays of the sun poured ________ through the window.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The Great Wall is such a wellknown tourist attraction that millions of people ______________ every year.‎ 长城是个如此有名气的旅游景点，每年都有数以百万计的游客蜂拥而至。‎ ‎[答案]　①out　②out　③in　④pour in ‎7．in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎[教材原句]　Hold the bandage in place with tape.‎ 用胶布在适当的位置把绷带固定住。‎ ‎(1)out of place　不在适当的位置；不合适 in place of 代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一 ‎(2)take place 发生 take one's place 就座；代替 take the place of 代替；取代 单句语法填空 ‎①All the arrangements are now ________ place for their visit.‎ ‎②Some of these books are out ________ place. Please put them back in place.‎ ‎③The manager will be away on business and I'll take ________ place of him.‎ 完成句子 23‎ ‎④________________， I'd like to tell you something about the weather in my city, which is often windy and very cold in winter.‎ 首先，我想给你们介绍一下我所在城市的天气，多风而且冬天非常寒冷。‎ ‎[答案]　①in　②of　③the　④In the first place ‎8．where引导表语从句 ‎[教材原句]　... it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.‎ ‎……正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。‎ ‎(1)本句中where you feel cold, heat or pain是where引导的表语从句，where表示“……的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎①____________ Africa's great rivers begin.‎ 非洲的大河都是从这里发源的。‎ ‎②Beijing is ____________ ancient and modern cultures.‎ 在北京你会看到古代文化，也会看到现代文化。‎ ‎(2)where引导定语从句 ‎③____________________ my brother once worked.‎ 这就是我哥哥曾经工作过的工厂。‎ ‎(3)where引导主语从句、宾语从句 ‎④____________________ has not been decided yet.‎ 我们要去哪里还没决定。‎ ‎⑤We don't know ____________________.‎ 我们不知道他去哪里了。‎ ‎(4)where引导地点状语从句 ‎⑥I'll go ________________________ me to.‎ 我会去我父母让我去的地方。‎ ‎[答案]　①This is where　②where you can see　③This is the factory where　④Where we'll go　⑤where he has gone　⑥where my parents want ‎　　First aid is the kind of 1.____________(vitally) help given to someone 2.____________ falls ill or gets injured unless a doctor can 3.____________(find). Of course, the illness or 4.____________(injure) is not serious. Now let's talk about first aid for burns. You have three layers of skin that protect yourself against diseases, poisons and the harmful rays 5.____________ the sun. Your skin also gives you your sense of touch. First aid 6.____________ place is a very important step in the 7.____________(treat). People can get 8.____________(burn) by many things, like hot liquids, steam, fire etc. There are three ‎ 23‎ types of burns, which are called first, second or third degree burns, 9.____________(depend) on which layers are burned. Different degree burn can be treated in a different way. Let's keep these things 10.____________ mind.‎ ‎[答案]　1.vital　2.who　3.be found　4.injury　5.from　6.in　7.treatment　8.burned　9.depending　10.in 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎1．treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待　n．款待；招待 ‎[教材原句]　John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎(1)treat sb. as... 把某人当……看待 treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事/物 be treated with 接受……治疗 treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己 ‎(2)It's my treat. 我请客。‎ ‎(3)treatment n．治疗；方法；待遇 单句语法填空 ‎①The police say they're treating it ________ a case of attempted murder.‎ ‎②You have done me a great favour. Let me treat you ________ a good meal.‎ ‎③For better ________(treat), the doctor told him a white lie saying his illness was nothing serious.‎ ‎④African Americans should not be separated, but should ________(treat) with respect in the same way as other people.‎ ‎⑤If not ________(treat) properly, the infection can be very stubborn.‎ ‎[答案]　①as　②to　③treatment　④be treated　⑤treated ‎2．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用　vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 ‎[教材原句]　He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.‎ 他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ ‎(1)apply...to...　　　　　把……运用到……中；‎ 把……涂到……上 apply to... 适应……；适用于……‎ apply (to...)for... (向……)申请……‎ apply oneself to　　　　　集中精力于 23‎ ‎(2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；适用 单句语法填空 ‎①When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply ________ the one that reflected my interest.‎ ‎②The new technology, if ________(apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.‎ ‎③The old man manages to enrich his own cultural life, applying himself to ________(learn) English.‎ ‎④His ________(apply) for membership of the organisation was rejected.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤Over the years, he ________________ improving the living conditions of the migrant workers.‎ 数年来，他致力于改善进城务工人员的生活条件。‎ ‎[答案]　①for　②applied　③learning　④application　⑤has applied himself to ‎3．a number of许多；若干 ‎[教材原句]　He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.‎ 他立即向旁边的一些人要绷带，但当他们都没找到绷带的时候，他的父亲从屋里拿出一些擦杯盘的布和胶带来。‎ a number of相当于many，后面跟可数名词的复数形式。在number之前可用great, large, small, good等修饰。该短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式。‎ 完成句子 ‎①(2017·江苏卷)The increase in the box－office income can be attributed to ________________.‎ 票房收入的增长可能由很多因素构成。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎②Now a number of college graduates ________(be) seeking to get a highpaid job. But the number of posts available for them ________(be) often not enough.‎ ‎[答案]　①a number of factors　②are; is ‎[思维发散]　a number of：修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“许多；大量”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。‎ 23‎ the number of：修饰可数名词的复数形式，表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎4．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎[教材原句]　It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.‎ 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎(1)make a difference to 对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference(to...)‎ ‎(对……)有些/没作用或影响 ‎(2)tell the difference(between... and ...)‎ 辨别/区分(……与……)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①His words make ________ difference to him, for he is quite stubborn.‎ ‎②Does it make ________ difference whether she will come to our party?‎ ‎③It makes no difference ________ me how skilled you are as long as you can do the work.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Only when we match our words with actions can we ________________ in whatever we hope to accomplish.‎ 只有言行一致我们才能对所做的事情有所贡献。‎ ‎[答案]　①no　②any/a　③to　④make a difference ‎5．“be doing... when...”句式 ‎[教材原句]　John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。‎ ‎(1)本句使用了be doing... when...句式。此句式的意思为“正在做……，突然……”，句中的when相当于and then/and at that time，连接两个并列分句。‎ ‎①I ________________ last night ________ electricity was cut off.‎ 昨晚我正在玩电脑游戏，突然停电了。‎ ‎(2)be about to do... when...即将做……这时(突然)……‎ ‎②Lily ________________ when someone knocked at the door.‎ 莉莉正要学习，这时有人敲门。‎ ‎(3)had done... when...刚刚做完……这时(突然)……‎ ‎③He ________________ when the telephone rang.‎ 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　①was playing computer games; when　②was about to study　③had gone to bed ‎　　It's very important for us to know some knowledge of first aids. We should know first aid in order to deal with common injury. In our daily life, we often need temporary treatment when someone's nose is blooding or when someone's skin is mild burnt. In an emergency, we should put our hands in the proper settlement and apply our first aid knowledge for practice. Besides, we need bravery and quick action. For the purpose of performing first aid properly, we can know about some common symptom and remember the first aid processes over and over again. However, if the situation is complex or the injuries are unbearable, it is necessary to call for a ambulance. The treatment in a hospital is much more professional. It does not mean that first aid is little use. On the contrary, the timely help will be of vital importance. Remember that first aid can make the difference！‎ ‎[答案]　‎ It's very important for us to know some knowledge of first . We should know first aid in order to deal with common . In our daily life, we often need temporary treatment when someone's nose is or when someone's skin is burnt. In an emergency, we should put our hands the proper settlement and apply our first aid knowledge practice. Besides, we need bravery and quick action. For the purpose of performing first aid properly, we can know about some common and remember the first aid processes over and over again. However, if the situation is complex or the injuries are unbearable, it is necessary to call for ambulance. The treatment in a hospital is much more professional. It does not mean that first aid is little use. On the contrary, the timely help will be of vital importance. Remember that first aid can make difference！‎ 23‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·北京卷)They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real－world ________(apply) for what they're studying in the classroom.‎ ‎[答案]　applications ‎2．(2016·天津卷)After years of regular ________(treat), she finally became healthy.‎ ‎[答案]　treatment ‎3．The ________(injury) husband lifted his arms as if to hug his wife.‎ ‎[答案]　injured ‎4．Tom struggled to climb out of the crashed car，with his head ________(bleed)．‎ ‎[答案]　bleeding ‎5．His ________(brave) was seen by everyone when he saved the child from the burning house.‎ ‎[答案]　bravery ‎6．It is vital that these application forms ________(send) back as early as possible.‎ ‎[答案]　should be sent ‎7．A number of soldiers ________(send) to the earthquakestricken area last week.‎ ‎[答案]　were sent ‎8．It was so hot that he was sweating a lot and his shirt was sticking ____________ his back.‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎9．I'm writing to apply ____________ the position as a student volunteer.‎ ‎[答案]　for ‎10．These days, I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great ____________(press) on me.‎ ‎[答案]　pressure Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Don't take anything away. Father likes everything to be in the place.____________‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　去掉the ‎2．I don't know what to do, because the number of problems have arisen.____________‎ ‎[答案]　the→a ‎3．We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make big difference to us.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在make后加a ‎4．Tom had been working a couple of weeks while he received a letter from his girlfriend, Mary.____________‎ ‎[答案]　while→when ‎5．He honoured for his work in the fight against the disease AIDS yesterday.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在He后加was ‎6．He read every book he could put his hand on. Now he has graduated from the university.____________‎ ‎[答案]　hand→hands ‎7．It was in 1993 when I graduated from the university.____________‎ ‎[答案]　when→that ‎8．She had good knowledge of English when she was in the university.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在good前加a ‎9．There is no doubt whether it is her achievements that have won her the Nobel Prize.____________‎ ‎[答案]　whether→that ‎10．(2018·北京卷改编)Though warning again and again, the young man still drove after drinking, leading to his being fined.____________‎ ‎[答案]　warning→warned Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。(apply)‎ We should not only know the theory but also know how to ____________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　apply it to practice ‎2．在这样的情形下，理解我们所学的东西是至关重要的。(vital)‎ In such situations，___________what we have learned.‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　it is vital to understand ‎3．有一些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后就会变成大问题。(省略句)‎ There are some health problems that，____________，can become bigger ones later on.‎ ‎[答案]　if not treated in time ‎4．除非被邀请，否则我不会参加她的婚礼的。(unless)‎ I won't attend her wedding ___________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　unless(I am) invited ‎5．幸运的是，老师觉察到了我的问题，告诉我每件小事情都能产生重大影响。(make a difference)‎ Luckily，my teacher sensed my problem，telling me that ‎ ‎________________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　every small thing can make a big difference ‎6．我们正在讨论问题，这时停电了。(be doing... when)‎ We ____________________________ there was a power cut.‎ ‎[答案]　were discussing problems when 高考题型分组训练 阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Meet Liam Mills, the first aid specialist who provides life－saving support at festivals and events, and he's just 16 years old.‎ A bit young to be a first aider, aren't you?‎ You might think that, but in fact I've been doing this for almost a year now. I already have a huge amount of valuable experience.‎ Why did you join the British Red Cross?‎ I've always been interested in first aid, so when I saw some Red Cross volunteers at a local event I went over for a quick talk. After hearing what they had to say, I jumped_at the chance of joining.‎ What's the big attraction?‎ As soon as you've treated an injured man, you will never look back. I've treated many types of injury now, from cut fingers to even heart disease cases. It's endlessly challenging and interesting.‎ 23‎ What have you learned?‎ I'm now a skilled volunteer, which means I have additional qualifications (资历) on top of my standard first aid certificate(证书). For example, I'm qualified to use Entonox (laughing gas) for pain management. First aid with the Red Cross is a whole lot more than just cleaning and dressing wounds.‎ Any standout memories?‎ Once, my colleague and I attended a call. As we approached the scene, all I could see was someone lying perfectly still on the floor. When you realise that someone is helpless and completely depending on you to do the right thing, you feel this sudden rush of responsibility. But fortunately, our training means we have the confidence and knowledge to deal with such situations.‎ Best thing about being an event first aider?‎ You get to help people, while also enjoying the chance of going to lots of great events. It really is a win－win situation.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则访谈。文章是对急救小专家Liam Mills的采访。‎ ‎1．We learn from the text that Liam Mills ________.‎ A．is a first aid trainer B．works in a local hospital C．is the best first aider in the Red Cross D．helps save lives at festivals and events ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Liam Mills... provides life－saving support at festivals and events”可知，Liam Mills在节日和活动时提供救生支援。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．The underlined phrase “jumped at” can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．missed B．waited for C．took D．turned down ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。由画线处上文中的问题“Why did you join the British Red Cross？”可知，Liam Mills抓住机会加入了英国红十字会，由此推断，jumped at the chance意为“抓住机会”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．What does Liam Mills think of first aid?‎ A．Boring. B．Dangerous.‎ C．Easy. D．Attractive.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。由“What's the big attraction？”回答部分中的“It's 23‎ ‎ endlessly challenging and interesting.”可知，Liam Mills觉得急救工作是很有吸引力的。‎ ‎[答案]　D B First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life. In many emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make a difference.‎ First－aid measures depend upon the victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪)．‎ Despite the variety of injuries, several principles of first aid can apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking people around or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre－existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.‎ First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life－threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known as the acronym(首字母缩略词) ABC, which stands for：‎ A—Airway: Is it open and clear?‎ B—Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen and feel for breathing.‎ C—Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是急救的重要性以及如何实施急救。‎ 23‎ ‎4．First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT ________.‎ A．saving a victim's life B．preventing a victim's condition from getting worse C．relieving a victim from pain D．helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It may save... provide relief from pain.”可知A、B、C三项的内容均为急救的作用。再根据对急救的描述可知，急救不能避免突发的疾病或伤害。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎5．Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us to ________.‎ A．make sure what to do and what not to do B．refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid C．remove the medical card he/she may take D．take him/her to a hospital at once ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Knowing what not to do... knowing what to do.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎6．When giving first aid to a victim, you should first of all ________.‎ A．remove him/her from the accident scene B．turn him/her over C．call for professional medical help D．examine him/her carefully ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话“The first step is to call for professional medical help.”可知，首先是寻找专业的医疗帮助，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎7．You may assess a victim's condition by all the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A．checking whether there is a pulse B．looking, listening and feeling for breathing C．measuring his/her blood pressure D．examining whether the airway is open and clear ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知A、B、D三项均表述正确，而C项没有提及，故应选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C 23‎ C ‎(2018·贵州省普通高等学校考试)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven－day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration. That is an increase of 7 percent compared with 2016's Spring Festival. About 374,000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.‎ The administration also reported growth from individual and high－end(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad for Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.‎ ‎“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services，including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs，” Li Xuejing, the agency's marketing manager, said.‎ A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo, who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines, said：“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”‎ Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation(货币) of the pound is a factor, Britain's rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。国家旅游局统计，在2017年春节期间去海外旅游的游客人数比2016年同期有所上涨。文章分析了这一现象的原因。‎ ‎8．How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday?‎ A．6,150,000. B．2,500,000.‎ C．7,000,000. D．374,000.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句可知，在2017年春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到6150000，故A项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎9．What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?‎ A．They're reported to have become important attractions.‎ B．They're famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.‎ C．They have the best hot spring in the world.‎ 23‎ D．They belong to coastal source markets.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets”可知，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎10．What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?‎ A．Go shopping for gifts.‎ B．Study foreign cultures.‎ C．Relax and enjoy herself.‎ D．Chat with her relatives.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第四段的“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”可知，这位姓郭的游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎11．Where does the text probably come from?‎ A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.‎ C．A scientific magazine. D．An advertisement.‎ ‎[解析]　文章出处题。通读全文可知，第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。故B项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　B D ‎(2018·成都摸底测试)“Hungary？”I looked at my school headmaster in confusion. “I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.” And with that, my adventure started.‎ My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.‎ Going on an exchange had always been my dream. When my high school offered an all－year program, I jumped at the opportunity. It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was buy a plane ticket. I knew where I wanted to go: Spain, the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses. So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked. But I decided to make the best of it, since it 23‎ ‎ was, after all, a once－in－a－lifetime opportunity. Before I knew it, I was on the airplane, leaving for Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport, Hungary.‎ I had difficult times when I almost gave up. Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet. Cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peers and me. I had to give up eating carrots, my beautiful favorite, for Hungarians think carrots are rubbish in their country. The change in the landscape was amazing, looking nothing like skyscrapers, bullet trains, cars, and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to. Gradually, I fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle, the warm－hearted people, and getting home at 2：30 p．m. at the latest from school. And I was sad to leave on my very last day.‎ Having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing I've ever experienced. From my little sisters, I learned how to embrace life to its fullest. From my brothers I learned that it's OK for a boy to run around the house. From my host parents I learned to stay positive, to smile and that when you pick the right people and take their hands, suddenly, you become friends.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为一个交换生在国外学习的经历和感受。‎ ‎12．How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary?‎ A．Excited and satisfied.‎ B．Confused and shocked.‎ C．Amazed and embarrassed.‎ D．Delighted and interested.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据首段中的“I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.”可知，作者听到这个消息很迷惑；再结合第三段中的“So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked.”可知，选项B正确。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎13．Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain?‎ A．He didn't like Spain.‎ B．He wanted to learn Hungarian.‎ C．It was a rare chance.‎ D．Going to Hungary was much cheaper.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all，a once－in－a－lifetime opportunity.”可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难逢的机会，所以选项C正确。a rare chance“一次罕见的机会”。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎14．What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay in Hungary?‎ A．He fell in love with eating carrots.‎ B．He couldn't wait to leave.‎ C．He was surprised by the landscape.‎ D．He quickly got used to the life there.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The change in the landscape was amazing”可知选项C正确。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎15．According to Jonathan, the host family ________.‎ A．changed him completely B．taught him how to dance well C．treated him as equally as a student D．showed him the good things of life ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学，他们向作者展现了生活中美好的事情，故选项D正确。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2018·济南高三一模)While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill－feeling between individuals. __1__‎ ‎•Touching Someone ‎__2__ In Mediterranean countries, if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you'll be considered cold. But backslap(拍背) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea, and you'll make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacred—never even pat a child on the head.‎ ‎•Talking Over Dinner In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, the food's the thing, so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner. __3__ It's not because your group is unfriendly, but because meal times are for eating, not talking.‎ ‎•Removing Your Shoes or Not Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the 23‎ ‎ hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the PacificIslands and you'll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. __4__‎ Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. __5__ And don't feel offended if something seems offensive—like queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.‎ A．Personal space varies as you travel the globe.‎ B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.‎ C．Never be completely surprised by anything.‎ D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.‎ E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.‎ F．If not, keep the shoes on.‎ G．You'll likely be met with silence.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同文化当中的不同习俗和礼仪，了解这些习俗和礼仪有助于我们避免在与外国友人交流时出现文化方面的错误或者误解。‎ ‎1．[解析]　本文是“总—分—总”的结构，而空格处所在段落是文章的总起段。空格处应是要引出对下文三种不同的文化习俗的介绍。E项“Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.”意为“当心以下这些文化错误并尽力避免它们”，能够引起下文。故选E。‎ ‎[答案]　E ‎2．[解析]　根据本段的小标题“Touching Someone”以及下文介绍的不同国家在肢体接触方面有不同的习俗可知，空格处应当总领全段。A项“当你环球旅游时，你会发现各地对私人空间的定义是不同的”能够总领该段。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎3．[解析]　根据空格前一句可知，在上述这些国家，吃饭的时候要专心。当别人吃晚饭时，不要闲聊你白天的经历。G项“你很有可能会遭遇沉默”紧密衔接上文。故选G。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎4．[解析]　根据本段小标题“Removing Your Shoes or Not”可知，该段讨论的是“要不要脱鞋”的问题。空格处应与空格前一句“So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.”之间为对比关系。F项“如果不是这样，那就穿上鞋子”符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎5．[解析]‎ 23‎ ‎　该段为总结段。空格处应为具有总结性质的句子。空格后一句是说如果一些事情看起来是具有冒犯性的，但是要入乡随俗，不要感觉被冒犯了，并举插队一例进行说明。C项“不要对任何事情感到诧异”符合语境且引出下句。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C 23‎