湖南师范大学附属中学2020届高三5月模拟考试 英语（PDF版）

湖南师范大学附属中学2020届高三5月模拟考试 英语（PDF版）

英语试题 第 1 页 共 8 页 湖南师范大学附属学校2020届高三5月模拟 英语试题卷 本试卷共 8 页，满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写 在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后.将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题.从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段 对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15 答案是 C. 1. What season is it most probably now? A, Summer. B. Winter. C. Autumn. 2. Why was the woman absent &om Jim's wedding? A. She looked after her daughter. B. She forgot the invitation. C. She wasn't feeling well. 3. What does the man mean? A. He has no interest in wild life. B. He is sorry to fail the exam. C. He won't join the group. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Book a room. B. Pay Mr. Stephen a visit C. Invite the woman to dinner. 5. What is the man trying to do? A. Make a reservation. B. Make an apology C. Make an invitation. 第二节（共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳 选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出 5 秒钟 的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What is wrong with the jacket? A. It is large in size. B. Its sleeves are short. C. It has a little dirt on it. 英语试题 第 2 页 共 8 页 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Reduce the price. B. Check the jacket. C. Find another jacket. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 & Where does the woman want to study? A. In the University of Oxford. B. In the University of Cambridge. C. In the Indian Institute of Technology. 9. Which subject does the man want to major in? A. Art. B. Programming. C. History. 听第 8 段材料.回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What's the relationship between the two speakers? A. Waiter and customer. B. Passenger and conductor. C. Shop assistant and customer. 11. What does the woman prefer? A. Leather gloves. B. Fur gloves. C. Wool gloves. 12. What can we know about the woman? A. The woman didn't buy anything. B. The woman bought the larger pair of gloves. C. The woman bought the smaller pair of gloves. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where is the woman? A. At the dentist s. B. At a shop. C. At a bank. 14. What does the man suggest the woman to do? A. Get her hole filled at once. B. Take a long run. C. Put herself to sleep first. 15. What is wrong with the woman? A. She has a headache. B. Her back hurts. C. She has a hole in one of her teeth. 16. How long will the check last? A. About one hour. B. About two hours. C. About three hours. 听第 10 段材料•回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Who is Harvey Briggs? A. A college student. B. A football coach. C. The school director. 18. Where is the poster wall? A. On the playground. B. In the cafeteria. C. In the school hall. 19. Who will choose lunch food for students? A. Their teachers. B. Themselves. C. Their parents. 20. What should students do with their cell phones during school? A. Lock them inside the school gate. B. Keep them with the school teachers. C. Leave them inside the teaching buildings. 英语试题 第 3 页 共 8 页 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 A Located in Los Angeles, University of Southern California is in the heart of a leading city. Although LA ranks highly in The Economist’s Safe Cities Index, navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions (预防措 施) along with practicing common sense. ♦ Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafe The Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe, manage by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning, is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus. Features include: immediate “push button” calls to DPS, easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress, and location services to notify friends of your route through campus. ♦ Blue Light Phone Locations The University Park has multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus. Take note of where the closest ones are on your route. They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency. These phones are directly connected to USC’s Department of Public Safety’s 24-hour communications center. Besides emergency needs, it can also be used to report suspicious activity, request for an escort (护送) if you feel unsafe and to report a crime. ♦ Trojans Alert Trojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or email. When an emergency occurs, authorized USC senders will instantly notify you with real-time updates, instructions on where to go, what to do (or what not to do), whom to contact and other important information. All members of the USC community, as well as parents and regular visitors to campus, are strongly encouraged to sign up for Trojans Alert. 21．What do blue light phones do for students? A．Guide students through campus. B．Alert students to crime activities. C．Light up the way if students feel unsafe. D．Connect them with the safety department. 22．How does USC send out instructions during an emergency? A．With blue light phones. B．Via text message or email. C．Through mobile safe app. D．By calling all USC members. 23．What is the purpose of the text? A．To encourage students to fight crime. B．To introduce USC’s safety department. C．To provide safety services for USC students. D．To inform parents of safety risks on campus. B When students walk into Jenny Umland's class, they don't automatically go to the same seat they sat in the day before. In her classroom at Riverdale Heights Elementary School, Lowenstein’s are allowed to sit wherever they want. Umland doesn't assign seats. In fact, she has done away with most of the regular desks and uses beach chairs, standing desks, and rocking chairs instead. Riverdale Heights is one of a growing number of schools that have ditched assigned seats. Many teachers say letting kids choose where to sit helps them learn how to make good choices. Some teachers point out that students are often more comfortable speaking up when they're sitting near kids, they like the most. “If kids are happy and comfortable, they are more willing to learn,” says Umland. After 19 years of teaching, she tried non-assigned seating for the first time this year. She says she'll never go back. 英语试题 第 4 页 共 8 页 But not all teachers are ready to do away with their seating charts. Some say having assigned seats helps students focus on their work, instead of where they'll sit. One teacher from Texas thinks letting students sit wherever they want can create chaos. Assigned seating helps keep classrooms under control. Without specific seats to go to, students may argue over who gets to sit in the best spots. He often finds it hard to work in that environment. A more controlled classroom leads to better learning. Maybe what he says is reasonable. A 2012 study by Montana State University found that high school students did better on tests when a teacher assigned their seats. A student, Jack, from Lowa, thinks he and his classmates should be comfortable when they learn. He says, “My teacher, Mrs. Umland, allows us to choose our own seats, and it's great! I used to be terrified of sitting in the same seat every day, which made me uncomfortable all over. Being allowed to sit wherever I want makes me more enjoyable, because I can sit where I'm most comfortably.” And Umland says, “The setup in my class helps kids get along better. If two students want to sit in the same spot, they have to talk it out and compromise”. 24．What do we know about Umland? A．She insists on arranging regular desks. B．She is strongly against non-assigned seating. C．She has failed in teaching in the past 19 years. D．She lets students in her class choose their own seats. 25．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “ditched” in paragraph 2? A．tried on B．looked forward to C．got rid of D．prepared for 26．What does Jack think of the Umland's seat setup in her class? A．It is cozy. B．It is terrifying. C．It is controversial. D．It is uncomfortable. 27．What's the best title for the text? A．What Role Do Students Play in Class? B．Should Students Have Assigned Seats? C．Students Are Required to Listen Carefully in Class D．Assigned Seats in the Classroom Are Popular Now C A new study found the greater the improvement in people’s handwashing habits at airports, the more noticeable the effect on slowing the infectious (传染的) diseases, including the flu. The findings were published in late December, 2019, just before the recent coronavirus (冠状病毒) outbreak, but the study' s authors say that its results would apply to any such disease and are relevant to the present outbreak. People can be surprisingly casual about washing their hands, even in crowded locations like airports where people from many different locations are touching surfaces such as chair armrests, check-in entrances, security checkpoint trays, and restroom doorknobs and taps. On average, only about 20 percent of people at airports have clean hands. The others are potentially polluting everything they touch with whatever infections they may be carrying. Improving handwashing at all of the world's airports to be three times that rate, so that 60 percent of travelers have clean hands at any given time, would have the greatest effect, potentially slowing global disease spread by almost 70 percent, the researchers found. Adopting such measures at so many airports and reaching such a high level of obedience may be impractical, but the new study suggests that it could potentially be accomplished through education, posters, public announcements, and perhaps improving access to handwashing facilities. It could slow the global rate of the spread of a disease by about 24 percent, they found. The findings are consistent with recommendations made by both the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization. Both have indicated that hand hygiene (卫生) is the most efficient and cost-effective way to control disease spread. While both organizations say that other measures can also play a useful role in limiting disease spread, such as use of surgical face masks, airport closures, and travel limitations, hand hygiene is 英语试题 第 5 页 共 8 页 still the first line of defense-and an easy one for individuals to implement. 28．What is most people’s attitude to handwashing? A．Favorable. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Cautious. 29．What did the study suggest on increasing handwashing rate at airports? A．Establishing higher hygiene standards. B．Making handwashing fun and enjoyable. C．Passing special laws to require handwashing. D．Raising people's awareness of handwashing. 30．Why does the author mention the World Health Organization? A．To introduce other measures. B．To stress the importance of it. C．To tell who carried out the study. D．To make the study results more convincing. 31．What is the text mainly about? A．People have many good habits at airports. B．Handwashing reduces infectious diseases. C．New coronavirus is breaking out. D．There is great improvement in handwashing. D The Austrian capital, Vienna, has beaten Australia’s Melbourne to be named the world’s most livable city of 2018.It’s the first time a European city has topped the first of the Economist Intelligence Unit(EIU)annual survey. The worldwide league table ranks 140 cities on a range of factors, including political and social stability, crime, education and access to healthcare. In the survey, Manchester saw the biggest improvement of any. European city, rising by 16 places to rank 35th. Manchester’s rise puts it ahead of London in the rank by 13 places, the widest gap between the two cities since the survey began two decades ago. The EIU said Manchester’s jump in the rankings was due to an improved security score. The survey was criticized last year for demoting(降级)Manchester after the Manchester Arena attack which killed 22 victims. This year, survey editor Roxana Slavcheva said Manchester had shown resilience(恢复力)in the city’s recovery from a recent terrorist attack, which previously shook up stability. Ms.Slavcheva said security had also improved in several western European cities and Vienna’s top place in the rankings reflected a relative return to stability across much of Europe, According to the survey, nearly half of the cities have seen their livability ranking improve over the past year. Melbourne, ranked second in this year’s global rankings, had previously come top for seven years running. Two other Australian cities also made this year’s top ten: Sydney and Adelaide. At the other end of the scale, war-torn Damascus in Syria was ranked the least livable city, closely followed by Dhaka in Bangladesh and Lagos in Nigeria. The EIU said that crime, civil unrest, terrorism or war played a “strong role” in the ten-lowest scoring cities. 32．Which city was named the world’s most livable city in 2017? A．Manchester. B．Vienna. C．Melbourne. D．Dhaka. 33．What contributes most in making Manchester rise in the rank this year? A．Education. B．Social stability. C．Political stability. D．Access to healthcare. 34．What makes Damascus the least livable city? A．High crime rate. B．Education. C．Civil equality. D．Wars. 35．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the latest rank of cities based on their livable standard. B．To explain different ways to measure a livable city. C．To propose possible means to make a livable city. D．To present what the cities are like globally. 英语试题 第 6 页 共 8 页 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As they say, age is just a number. 36． To cope well with the changes, you have to develop good habits in caring and maintaining your body’s health and youth. Adopting these simple yet noteworthy habits should be done in order to attain healthy and graceful aging. Stay positive. 37．A study reveals that those people who think of age as wisdom and overall satisfaction could recover better from a disability than those who view aging as uselessness and helplessness. 38． Practicing good eating habits should start early in life to accustom yourself from different kinds of food served on the table. As you age, the body keeps on changing; thus, nutrition is vital in delaying the aging process. Your plate should have the following nutrients to maintain balance. Low-glycemic diet high in fresh fruits and veggies, whole grains and lean protein is the healthiest. A research reports that eating plant-based food, whole grains, nuts as well as eating fish twice each week and reducing salt intake may help you age better. It wards off risks of heart attacks, strokes and premature aging. On the contrary, too much sugar, carbohydrates and fatty food can accelerate aging process. 39． Moderation is the key. Anything in excess is bad for the health. 40． In order to age better and live longer, it is recommended to stick to a balanced diet that consists of 2 1/2 cups of vegetables, 1 1/2 to 2 cups of fruit, six ounces of grains, three cups of dairy and five ounces of protein each day. A．Eat right. B．Keep nutritious. C．Optimism is the key to cope well with aging. D．So take it slow on indulging in these kinds of food. E.As you grow old, changes occur to varied parts of your body. F.Avoid overeating as it leads you to a shorter life span, heart diseases, and type 2 diabetes. G.When you are aging, different parts of your body will become weaker and weaker. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Every New Year’s Eve, we had breakfast at Aunt Dot’s house. Aunt Dot lived in a home with shelves of 41 and photo albums she had collected over the years. Colorful pots of plants lined her kitchen windowsills and movie posters for classics 42 the walls in the living room. Although the food was delicious, my most vivid 43 of the meal was the centerpiece that Aunt Dot always 44 on her kitchen table-a set of seven ceramic (陶瓷的) salt and pepper shakers . It wasn’t until years later, when I was home during a holiday, that I finally asked Aunt Dot about the 45 centerpiece. She was then eighty-seven years old and she still 46 us to the last breakfast of the year. I had come over early that morning to 47 the meal preparations and Aunt Dot was 48 cooking. Then I asked, “Why do you always put them out on New Year’s Eve morning?” “Well, my dear,” Aunt Dot said in a 49 manner. “It helps to 50 me that even though the holidays are over, there’s another whole year of them coming. I have learned over my many years that nothing really 51 ; every ending in life is really just another new beginning.” She smiled and continued, “Remember that, my dear.” And I 52 . 英语试题 第 7 页 共 8 页 In the spring of that year, after a short illness, Aunt Dot 53 . She left her book 54 to my mom and the movie posters to my sister, but I was 55 to learn that I got the holiday salt and pepper shakers. I 56 Aunt Dot wanted to make sure I remembered her 57 to life. Now, I continue Aunt Dot’s breakfast 58 at my own apartment. The pancakes are never as 59 as Aunt Dot’s, but the center of the table is covered with those 60 salt and pepper shakers, reminding us all that every ending is really just another beginning. 41．A．toys B．books C．plates D．products 42．A．painted B．preserved C．decorated D．designed 43．A．memory B．description C．imagination D．dream 44．A．threw B．arranged C．ignored D．noticed 45．A．unusual B．artificial C．common D．expensive 46．A．advised B．ordered C．allowed D．invited 47．A．help with B．play on C．look into D．talk about 48．A．casually B．anxiously C．enthusiastically D．secretly 49．A．standard B．thoughtful C．funny D．polite 50．A．warn B．convince C．remind D．promise 51．A．connects B．changes C．improves D．stops 52．A．hesitated B．nodded C．sighed D．refused 53．A．moved on B．gave up C．fell over D．passed away 54．A．collection B．review C．club D．shop 55．A．disappointed B．surprised C．proud D．relieved 56．A．discover B．admit C．guess D．hope 56．A．introduction B．aid C．attitude D．solution 58．A．suggestion B．service C．trend D．tradition 59．A．significant B．simple C．vivid D．delicious 60．A．empty B．old C．recyclable D．strong 第 II 卷 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mascot (吉祥物) for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games 61． (show) to the public at Beijing’s shougang Ice Hockey Arena on September 17th, 2019. The name of the mascot is “Bing Dwen Dwen”, 62． is closely associated with the host nation’s culture. The image of it is designed based 63． the giant panda. 64． (dress) in a full body suit of ice, a symbol of purity and 65． (strong), the panda wears a helmet with colored halo (光环). The lines of the halo represent the snow tracks and 5G technology. The heart shape in its left palm represents the host country’s hospitality. The name “Bing Dwen Dwen” is a 66． (combine) of several meanings in the Chinese language. “Bing” is the Chinese character for ice, while “Dwen Dwen” is 67． common nickname in China for children that implies healthiness and cuteness. The mascot 68． (perfect) combines the best elements and characteristics of China to show China’s warm invitation to friends from all over the world. It is also designed 69．(promote) the Olympic spirit. There is no doubt that it will be a 70． (wonder) ambassador for China and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 英语试题 第 8 页 共 8 页 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计 分。 My friend David wanted to buy his mother for a Christmas present. When Christmas was around the corner, he took $ 20.00 out of his banks account and went to the shop to look for a perfect gift. Sudden he saw a beautiful brooch (胸针), that was in the shape of his favourite pet. He bought it and wrap the present in Christmas paper and then placed them under the Christmas tree. He felt excite and he was looking forward to Christmas morning to seeing the joy on his mother’s face. And when his mother opened the present, she screamed with fear because she saw a spider. 第二节 书面表达（共 25 分） 假如你是李华，你是疫情结束后英语课上的第一位课前演讲者。请写一篇发言稿,内容包括：1.介绍你 在家的学习和生活；2.描述令你难忘或感动的人或事；3.表达高考必胜的决心。 注意：词数 100 左右。 参考词汇：新冠状病毒：the novel coronavirus Good morning, everyone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 英语试题答案及解析 第 1 页 共 8 页 湖南师范大学附属学校2020届高三5月模拟 英语试题参考答案及解析(含听力材料) 1-5 BACBC 6-10 CABBC 11-15 ABAAC 16-20 ACBCA 21．细节推理题。根据 Blue Light Phone Locations 中 These phones are directly connected to USC’s Department of Public Safety’s 24-hour communications center. 可知，这些手机直接连接到南加州大学公 共安全部门的 24 小时通讯中心，故选 D。 22．细节推理题。根据 Trojans Alert 中 Trojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or email.可 知，Trojans Alert 是一个紧急通知系统，在紧急情况下通过短信或电子邮件发出指令，故选 B。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段 navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions (预防措施) along with practicing common sense.和下文的安全服务措施的具体介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍大学为学生们提 供的安全服务，故选 C。 【解析】本文是说明文。说明了越来越多的学校放弃了指定的座位，并以 Riverdale Heights 小学为例。 文章主要围绕“学生是否应该坐在指定的座位上”展开阐述。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段中 When students walk into Jenny Umland's class, they don't automatically go to the same seat they sat in the day before. In her classroom at Riverdale Heights Elementary School, Lowenstein’s are allowed to sit wherever they want.可知当学生走进 Jenny Umland 的课堂时，他们不会 自动回到前一天坐过的座位上。在她位于 Riverdale Heights 小学的教室里，Lowenstein 被允许在教室 里随便坐。由此可知，Umland 让班上的学生自己选择座位。故选 D。 25．词义猜测题。根据下文 Many teachers say letting kids choose where to sit helps them learn how to make good choices.(许多教师表示，让孩子选择座位有助于他们学会如何做出正确的选择)由此可知，越来 越多的学校放弃了指定的座位，Riverdale Heights 就是其中之一。故可推知，ditch 意为“废除，抛弃， 摆脱”。故选 C。 26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Being allowed to sit wherever I want makes me more enjoyable, because I can sit where I'm most comfortably.可知被允许坐在任何我想坐的地方会让我更享受，因为我可以坐在 最舒服的地方。由此可知，Jack 认为班上设置的座位很舒适。故选 A。 27．主旨大意题。根据第二段中 Riverdale Heights is one of a growing number of schools that have ditched assigned seats.可知越来越多的学校放弃了指定的座位，Riverdale Heights 小学就是其中之一。结合文 章主要围绕“学生是否应该坐在指定的座位上”展开阐述，故 B 项为最佳标题。故选 B。 【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，人们在机场洗手的习惯改善得越好，在减缓包括流感 在内的传染病方面的效果就越显著。平均而言，在机场只有 20%的人有干净的双手，研究人员发现， 将全球所有机场的洗手率提高到上述水平的三倍，有可能将全球疾病传播速度降低近 70%，会使一种 疾病的全球传播速度降低约 24%。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中 People can be surprisingly casual about washing their hands, even in crowded locations like airports where people from many different locations are touching surfaces such as chair armrests, check-in entrances, security checkpoint trays, and restroom doorknobs and taps.可知，人们 在洗手时出奇地随意，即使在拥挤的地方，比如机场，来自不同地方的人会接触到椅子扶手、登记入 口、安全检查站托盘、卫生间门把手和水龙头。由此可知，大多数人对洗手的态度是粗心的。故选 B。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段中 Adopting such measures at so many airports and reaching such a high level of obedience may be impractical, but the new study suggests that it could potentially be accomplished through education，posters, public announcements, and perhaps improving access to handwashing facilities. 可知，在如此多的机场采取这样的措施，并达到如此高的服从程度可能是不切实际的，但新的研究表 明，这可能通过教育、海报、公共公告，或许还可以改善使用洗手设施的机会来实现。由此可知，这 项研究对提高机场的洗手率的建议是提高人们的洗手意识。故选 D。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The findings are consistent with recommendations made by both the U. 英语试题答案及解析 第 2 页 共 8 页 S. Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization. Both have indicated that hand hygiene is the most efficient and cost-effective way to control disease spread.可知，研究结果与美国疾病控制中心和 世界卫生组织的建议一致。这两项研究都表明，手卫生是控制疾病传播最有效和最具成本效益的方法。 由此可推知，作者提到世界卫生组织是为了使研究结果更有说服力。故选 D。 31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中 A new study found the greater the improvement in people’s handwashing habits at airports, the more noticeable the effect on slowing the infectious diseases, including the flu.可知， 一项新的研究发现，人们在机场洗手的习惯改善得越好，在减缓包括流感在内的传染病方面的效果就 越显著。结合文章还说明了平均而言，在机场只有 20%的人有干净的双手，研究人员发现，将全球所 有机场的洗手率提高到上述水平的三倍，有可能将全球疾病传播速度降低近 70%，会使一种疾病的全 球传播速度降低约 24%。由此可知，这篇课文主要讲了勤洗手可减少传染病。故选 B。 【解析】本文为新闻报道。短文介绍了 2018 年全球最宜居的几个城市及其当选的原因，同时分析了 排名最靠后的城市不适合居住的原因。 32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中所提的“The Austrian capital, Vienna, has beaten Australia’s Melbourne to be named the world’s most livable city of 2018.”和第六段的“Melbourne, ranked second in this year’s global rankings, had previously come top for seven years running.”可知，奥地利首都维也纳击 败澳大利亚墨尔本成为 2018 年全球最宜居城市。墨尔本在 2018 年以前连续 7 年获得了最宜居城市的 称号。由此判断出 2017 年墨尔本被评为全球最宜居城市。故选 C。 33．细节理解题。文章第三段提到“The EIU said Manchester’s jump in the rankings was due to an improved security score.”和第四段提到“Manchester had shown resilience（恢复力）in the city’s recovery from a recent terrorist attack, which previously shook up stability.”可知，EIU 称曼彻斯特排名上升是由于 安全得分提高。曼彻斯特表现出了恢复力，在这座城市从最近的恐怖袭击中恢复过来之前，恐怖袭击 曾动摇了稳定状况。因此曼彻斯特因其社会安全保障的提升维护了社会稳定而促使其排名得到提升。 故选 B。 34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“war-torn Damascus in Syria”可知，叙利亚的大马士革饱受战 争摧残。因此战争使大马士革成为最不宜居的城市。故选 D。 35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文介绍了 2018 年全球最宜居的几个城市及其当选的原因，同时 分析了排名最靠后的城市不适合居住的原因。即作者写这篇文章的目的是为介绍最新的宜居城市排 名。故选 A。 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了要想保持年轻态的几个关键所在。 36．根据下文“To cope well with the changes, you have to develop good habits in caring and maintaining your body’s health and youth.”（为了很好地应对这些变化，你必须养成关心和保持身体健康和青春的 好习惯。）可以推知上文应该是说随着年龄的增加，身体各方面会发生一些变化。故选 E。 37．本篇文章的结构是总分。每一分段第一句都是该段的小标题。根据该段主题句 Stay positive 保持 积极乐观。应该选 C，Optimism is the key to cope well with aging.（乐观是面对老去的关键）故选 C。 38．本空是选该段的主题句,根据后文内容可知本段主要讲了良好的饮食习惯与年龄之间的关系。,故 选 A. 39．段尾句,根据前一句“On the contrary, too much sugar, carbohydrates and fatty food can accelerate aging process．”（相反，太多糖，碳水化合物和含有脂肪的食物会加速老化。）可知应该不要沉溺于这些 食物。故选 D. 40．根据主题句“适中是很重要的”，及前一句“Anything in excess is bad for the health.”（任何事过度都 是对健康有害的）。可知应该避免过度饮食，且下文提到合适的饮食的量。故选 F. 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者每年除夕，都在多特姨妈家吃早餐的，作者最清晰的记忆 是多特姨妈总是把餐桌中央的装饰品——七个陶瓷盐瓶和胡椒瓶——摆放在厨房的桌子上。文章给我 们展示了每一个结束就是另一个新的开始的哲理。 41．考查名词义辨析。句意：多特姨妈住在一间摆满了她多年来收集的书籍和相册的房子里。A. toys 玩具；B. books 书；C. plates 盘子；D. products 产品。根据句意及空后的 and photo albums she had collected over the years 可知，架子上摆满了书籍。故选 B。 英语试题答案及解析 第 3 页 共 8 页 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：厨房的窗台上排列着五颜六色的花盆，客厅的墙上贴着经典电影的海 报。A. painted 画；B. preserved 保藏；C. decorated 装饰；D. designed 设计。根据句意可知，是墙上用 海报装饰。故选 C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然食物很美味，但我对这顿饭最清晰的记忆是多特姨妈总是把餐桌 中央的装饰品——七个陶瓷盐瓶和胡椒瓶——摆放在厨房的桌子上。A. memory 记忆；B. description 描述；C. imagination 想象力；D. dream 梦想。根据下文的描述可知，这是作者的记忆。故选 A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. threw 扔；B. arranged 安排，排列；C. ignoredD 忽视；. noticed 注意。根据语境和句意可知，是摆放在桌子上。故选 B。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到多年以后，当我度假回家时，我才向多特姨妈问起这件不同寻 常的装饰品。A. unusual 不寻常的；B. artificial 人造的；C. common 普通的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根 据上文 Aunt Dot always ___4___ on her kitchen table-a set of seven ceramic (陶瓷的) salt and pepper shakers 可知，此处用 unusual 最合语境。故选 A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时她已经八十七岁了，她仍然邀请我们吃今年的最后一顿早餐。A. advised 建议；B. ordered 命令；C. allowed 允许；D. invited 邀请。根据文章开头的 Every New Year’s Eve, we had breakfast at Aunt Dot’s house.可知，她仍然邀请我们去吃早餐。故选 D。 47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天早上我一早就过来帮忙准备饭菜，多特姨妈正兴致勃勃地做饭呢。 A. help with 帮助；B. play on 演奏；C. look into 调查；D. talk about 谈论。根据上文语境可知，姨妈已 经八十岁了，结合常识可推测出作者是去帮助她做饭。故选 A。 48．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. casually 随便地；B. anxiously 焦虑地；C. enthusiastically 热情 地；D. secretly 秘密地。结合上下文语境可知，此处是指姨妈依然很有热情。故选 C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哦，亲爱的，”多特姨妈若有所思地说。A. standard 标准的；B. thoughtful 思考的；C. funny 有趣的；D. polite 礼貌的。此处是姨妈回答我的问话，结合下文的“It helps to ___10___ me that even though the holidays are over, there’s another whole year of them coming…”可知，这是姨妈的 感悟。因此用 thoughtful 最合语境。故选 B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，即使节日结束了，还有整整一年的节日要来。 A. warn 警 告；B. convince 使信服；C. remind 提醒；D. promise 承若。结合上下文语境及本句句意可知，此处是 指摆放这些瓶瓶罐罐是为了提醒会有新的开始。故选 C。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我明白了没有什么是真正停止的。A. connects 连接；B. changes 改变；C. improves 提高；D. stops 停止。根据下文 every ending in life is really just another new beginning. 每一个结束都是另一个新的开始。可知，没有什么是真正停止的。故选 D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点了点头。 A. hesitated 犹豫；B. nodded 点头；C. sighed 叹气；D. refused 拒绝。根据上文 She smiled and continued, “Remember that, my dear.”姨妈让我记住可知，我点 头答应了。故选 B。 53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那年春天，多特姨妈生了一场急病，不久就去世了。A. moved on 继 续；B. gave up 放弃；C. fell over 摔倒；D. passed away 去世。根据下文姨妈把自己的东西分给了大家 可推知，她去世了。故选 D。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把她的藏书留给了我妈妈，把电影海报留给了我妹妹，但当我得知 我得到了节日盐和胡椒瓶时，我感到很自豪。A. collection 收藏；B. review 回顾；C. club 俱乐部；D. shop 商店。根据文章开头的 Aunt Dot lived in a home with shelves of___1___ and photo albums she had collected over the years. 可知，是姨妈收藏的书。故选 A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disappointed 失望的；B. surprised 吃惊的；C. proud 自豪的； D. relieved 放心的。根据上文语境可知，姨妈的盐和胡椒瓶是有寓意的，由此可知，此处用 proud 最 合语境。故选 B。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜多特姨妈是想让我记住她对生活的态度。A. discover 发现；B. admit 承认；C. guess 猜测；D. hope 希望。根据上文语境可知，多特姨妈的盐和胡椒瓶体现着姨妈的人生态 度，结合上文的 She smiled and continued, “Remember that, my dear.” 可知，此处是作者的猜测。故选 C。 英语试题答案及解析 第 4 页 共 8 页 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. introduction 介绍；B. aid 帮助；C. attitude 态度；D. solution 解决方法。根据上文 It helps to ___10___ me that even though the holidays are over, there’s another whole year of them coming… new beginning.可知，这是姨妈的对待生活的态度。故选 C。 58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我在自己的公寓里继续着多特姨妈的早餐传统。A. suggestion 建议；B. service 服务；C. trend 趋势；D. tradition 传统。根据上文语境可知，多特姨妈一直有每年除 夕在她家吃早餐的传统吗，此处是指我继承了下来。故选 D。 59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：薄煎饼从来没有多特姨妈做的那么好吃，但餐桌中央摆满了老式的 盐瓶和胡椒瓶，提醒我们所有人，每一个结局实际上都是另一个开始。A. significant 重大的；B. simple 简单的；C. vivid 生动的；D. delicious 美味的。结合句意及选项可知，此处是指煎饼没有多特姨妈做 的好吃。故选 D。 60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. empty 空的；B. old 旧的；C. recyclable 循环的；D. strong 强大的。根据上文语境可知，盐瓶和胡椒瓶是姨妈留给我的遗物，因此，是旧的，老式的。故选 B。 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京 2022 年冬奥会吉祥物——冰墩墩。 61．考查动词时态及语态。句意：2019 年 9 月 17 日，北京 2022 年冬奥会吉祥物在首钢冰球场向公 众展示。此处是谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，应使用被动语态；由 on September 17th, 2019 可知， 应使用一般过去时，因此应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was shown。 62．考查定语从句。句意：吉祥物的名字叫“冰墩墩”，与东道国的文化息息相关。此处是非限定性定 语从句，先行词是 the mascot，在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。 63．考查介词。句意：它的形象是根据大熊猫设计的。此处是短语 be based on“根据，以……为基础， 建立在……基础上”。故填 on。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：熊猫身穿象征纯洁和力量的全身冰衣，头戴彩色光环的头盔。根据句意 可知，此处是短语 be dressed in“穿着”，省略 be 动词，使用过去分词词组做状语。故填 Dressed。 65．考查名词。句意：熊猫身穿象征纯洁和力量的全身冰衣，头戴彩色光环的头盔。此处与 purity 是 并列成分，应使用名词形式，意为“一种纯洁和力量的象征”。故填 strength。 66．考查名词。句意：“冰墩墩”这个名字是汉语中几个意思的组合。根据空前 a 及空后 of 可知，此 处使用名词单数形式。故填 combination。 67．考查冠词。句意：“冰”在中文里是“冰”的意思，而“墩墩”则是中国孩子们常用的一个昵称，寓意 着健康和可爱。根据空后 common nickname 可知，此处泛指“一个昵称”，common 是以辅音音素开头 的词，应使用不定冠词 a。故填 a。 68．考查副词。句意：吉祥物完美地结合了中国最好的元素和特色，展示了中国对来自世界各地朋友 的热情邀请。此处修饰动词 combines，应使用副词形式。故填 perfectly。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也是为了弘扬奥林匹克精神而设计的。根据句意可知，此处是短语 be designed to do“为……而设计”。故填 to promote。 70．考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，它将成为中国和 2022 年北京冬奥会的出色大使。此处修饰名词 ambassador，应用形容词，意为“出色的大使”。故填 wonderful。 71、【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的朋友大卫想给他妈妈买一件圣诞礼物。他买了一个漂亮的胸 针，胸针他最喜欢的宠物的形状。但当他的妈妈打开礼物时，她吓得尖叫起来，因为她看到了蜘蛛。 1.考查及物动词。句意：我的朋友大卫想给他妈妈买一件圣诞礼物。buy sb. sth.“给某人买某物”，不 需要加介词。故去掉 mother 后的 for。 2.考查名词。句意：圣诞节就要到了，他从银行户头里拿出 20 美元，到一家商店去买一份完美的礼 物。此处是名词作定语，修饰 account，应使用名词单数形式。故 banks 改为 bank。 3.考查冠词。句意：圣诞节就要到了，他从银行户头里拿出 20 美元，到一家商店去买一份完美的礼 物。此处泛指“一家商店”，应使用不定冠词，shop 是以辅音音素开头的词，应用 a。故 the 改为 a。 4.考查副词。句意：突然他看见一个漂亮的胸针，那是在他最喜欢的宠物的形状。此处修饰句子，应 使用副词形式。故 Sudden 改为 Suddenly。 5.考查定语从句。句意：突然他看见一个漂亮的胸针，那是在他最喜欢的宠物的形状。此处是非限定 性定语从句，先行词是 brooch，指物，在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词 which 引导。故 that 改为 英语试题答案及解析 第 5 页 共 8 页 which。 6.考查动词时态。句意：他买了它，把礼物包在圣诞纸里，然后把它放在圣诞树下。根据语境可知， 此处描述是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时。故 wrap 改为 wrapped。 7.考查代词。句意：他买了它，把礼物包在圣诞纸里，然后把它放在圣诞树下。根据前文 He bought it 可知，此处指代“那个胸针”。故 them 改为 it。 8.考查形容词。句意：他感到很兴奋，他期待着圣诞节的早晨看到母亲脸上的喜悦。此处描述主语 he 的感情，应使用-ed 结尾形容词，意为“感到兴奋的”。故 excite 改为 excited。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：他感到很兴奋，他期待着圣诞节的早晨看到母亲脸上的喜悦。根据句意可 知，此处使用不定式表将来的动作且表示目的。故 seeing 改为 see。 10.考查连词。句意：但是当他的妈妈打开礼物时，她吓得尖叫起来，因为她看到了一只蜘蛛。根据 语境可知，此处前后句意存在转折关系，应使用转折连词 but。故 And 改为 But。 72．参考范文 1 Good morning, everyone, I feel extremely happy to share with you my feelings after such a long holiday. We were left locked at home owing to the novel coronavirus. However, facing the upcoming college entrance examination, I had no choice but to study even harder，keeping to the regular schedule at school, listening to online courses and doing endless exercises. During this tough period, I was deeply impressed and moved by the selfless medical fighters, who risked losing their own lives to save the lives of others. Thanks to them, everything returns to normal now. Besides, our teachers’ generous help and painstaking efforts to help us can never be thanked enough. Time flies! It won’t be long before we say goodbye to our beloved school! Come on, everyone! With the fighters’ spirits and COVID-19 pandemic under control, I’m convinced that all of us can be admitted to our dream universities. 参考范文 2 Good morning, everyone, I feel extremely happy to share with you my feelings after the battle against the novel coronavirus. Like all of you, I stayed safe inside my home, taking online courses and doing endless exercises. Facing the upcoming examination, I chose to study even harder rather than kill time. Of course, I felt worried and fearful when it came to the deadly virus. Everyone turns pale at the mention of it. But for medical staff, saving lives comes first. I was deeply impressed by what they did in racing against time. They are heroes in my eyes. Time flies! It won’t be long before we say goodbye to our beloved school! Best wishes to all of us! I’m convinced that with the fighters’ spirits and COVID-19 pandemic under control, all of us can be admitted to our dream universities. 英语试题答案及解析 第 6 页 共 8 页 英语试题答案及解析 第 7 页 共 8 页 英语试题答案及解析 第 8 页 共 8 页 英语试题答案及解析 第 9 页 共 8 页