湖南省郴州市2020届高三下学期第二次教学质量监测英语试题 Word版含解析

湖南省郴州市2020届高三下学期第二次教学质量监测英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2020届湖南省郴州市高三第二次教学质量监测英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在 试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。 将条形码横贴在答题卡左上角“条形码粘贴处”。‎ ‎2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选 项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案 不能答在试题卷上。‎ ‎3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡 各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原來的答案，然后何写上 新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。‎ ‎4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ ‎5. 本试卷有四个部分组成，共11页。如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有 关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例:How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. How is the man going home?‎ A. By train. B. By sea. C. By bus.‎ ‎2. When is the store closed?‎ A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.‎ ‎3. What does the man plan to do after graduating from university?‎ A. Take up a job. B. Take a course. C. Go traveling.‎ ‎4. Where was the man before meeting the woman?‎ A. In his office. B. In Richard‘s house. C. In the camera shop.‎ ‎5. Who was absent for yesterday’s match?‎ A. The man's father. B. The man's mother. C. The man's brother.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ - 28 -‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独 白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What kind of films does the woman like best?‎ A. Science fiction films. B. Thriller films. C. Action films.‎ ‎7. What's the possible relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Strangers. B. Couple. C. Friends.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. Whose birthday was it?‎ A. Mary's. B. Mary's sister's. C. Jane's.‎ ‎9. Why does Mary look tired?‎ A. She stayed up typing a paper.‎ B. She had the party for a whole night.‎ C. She didn't get any sleep at all.‎ ‎10. What is Mary going to do?‎ A To hand in the paper.‎ B. To go to bed.‎ C. To see the professor.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Why isn't the man looking cheerful?‎ A. Because he is ill.‎ B. Because he misses his grandfather.‎ C. Because he is fed up with everything.‎ ‎12. What is the problem nowadays?‎ A. There's no variety in our lives.‎ B. There’re too many sorts of jobs.‎ C. There‘re too many television programs.‎ ‎13. What does the man need?‎ - 28 -‎ A. He needs a new office.‎ B. He needs a holiday.‎ C. He needs a new job.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. Why does the man refuse to take the Chinese classes?‎ A. Because of the fees. B. Because of the time. C. Because of the level.‎ ‎15. Which level of the Japanese classes will the man take ?‎ A. Beginning. B. Intermediate. C. Advanced.‎ ‎16. How much will the man pay for a six-week course if he makes a one-time payment?‎ A. 125 dollars. B. 1,050 dollars. C. 575 dollars.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎17. What is John Clayton?‎ A. The senior manager. B. The vice president. C. The systems director.‎ ‎18. What do we know about John Clayton?‎ A. He has three children. B. He is terribly sick. C. He got married last year.‎ ‎19. Who will John Clayton take place of?‎ A. Karen. B. Luke. C. Martin.‎ ‎20. What will probably happen next?‎ A. The meeting will begin. B. John Clayton will speak. C. Board members will vote.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The University Science Library The University Science Library holds collections in Engineering, Geography, Life Sciences, Management, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.‎ Self-service facilities are provided for borrowing, renewing and returning one week and standard loan books. There is also a dedicated self-service Short Loan Collection for overnight loans. Print journals are not borrow able in the Science - 28 -‎ ‎ Library.‎ Borrowing, Renewing and More Four quick and easy to use loans machines are located in the Learning Laboratory on the ground floor. Just scan the barcode on the back of your Library card and enter your PIN number (set initially as 4 digits, DDMM of your birthday) to borrow and renew your books, to check reservations and view your Library account.‎ Returning The Learning Laboratory also has two machines for returning one week and standard loan books (including books borrowed from Store). Unlike an ordinary book drop, the machines will clear the books from your Library account immediately. When you have returned all of your books, the machine will produce a receipt for your records.‎ Remember that you can return as many books as you want, but only one at a time.‎ Short-loan collection room Short loan books are currently stored in the cafe on the ground floor. Please use the machine in this room to borrow and return books.‎ Cafe We have a cafe on the ground floor of the Science Library selling hot and cold drinks and cold snacks, but please remember that eating is not permitted in the reading rooms on the upper levels.‎ Opening hours:‎ Monday: Open from 08:45‎ Tuesday — Friday: 24 hour opening Saturday: 24 hour opening until 21:00‎ Sunday: 11:00-21:00 (holders of the University Library cards only)‎ ‎1. What subject may not be covered in the University Library?‎ A. Literature. B. Biology.‎ C. Chemistry. D. Geography.‎ ‎2. Which of the following statements is right about the University Library?‎ A. Both food and books are sold in the cafe.‎ B. Eating is only allowed on the ground floor of the University Library.‎ - 28 -‎ C. All the books and magazines in the University Library can be borrowed.‎ D. All the books can be returned at a time by using the machines in the Learning Laboratory.‎ ‎3. If you don’t have the University Library card, you can NOT borrow books on .‎ A. Sunday B. Monday C. Thursday D. Saturday ‎【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了大学科学图书馆的一些信息，包括藏书类别，自动借书还书和续借的程序，图书的分布，咖啡馆位置，开放时间等。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The University Science Library holds collections in Engineering, Geography, Life Sciences, Management, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.可知，大学科学图书馆收藏了工程、地理、生命科学、管理、数学和物理科学方面的书籍。由此可知，大学科学图书馆没有收藏文学方面的书籍。故选A。‎ ‎2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Cafe部分中的We have a cafe on the ground floor of the Science Library selling hot and cold drinks and cold snacks, but please remember that eating is not permitted in the reading rooms on the upper levels.可知，我们在科学图书馆的一层有一个咖啡馆，出售冷热饮料和冷食，但是请记住，上层的阅览室是不允许吃东西的。由此可知，大学科学图书馆只允许在一楼吃东西。故选B。‎ ‎3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Opening hours部分Sunday: 11:00-21:00 (holders of the University Library cards only)可知，星期日：11:00-21:00（只限持有大学图书证人士）。由此可知，没有大学图书证的人周日不能去，其他时间可以去。故选A。‎ B Go. Stop. Go. Stop. The travel signals in my head were conflicting. “Are you sure you want to head to Greece this November with Kathleen?” asked my husband. “The weather could be unpleasant.”‎ ‎“You must go,” said my friend Larry, who talked about having spent Thanksgiving - 28 -‎ ‎ on Santorini. “It’s a wonderland. ”‎ With his encouraging words, I booked our flights to Athens and included two Greek islands: Santorini and Grete.‎ A sunny Saturday afternoon welcomed us to Eleftherios Venizelos Airport in Athens. During the next few days Kathleen and I tried a lot of unknown-to-us foods. No annoying lines of tourists either as we saw sights on the Athens “A” list.‎ And then came Wednesday. The flight to Santorini was yo-yoed by wind gusts of up to 40 miles an hour. Fira, usually a much-photographed tourist destination, was chilly, rainy empty. With rain beating our faces, Kathleen and I headed for our hotel and checked in for a three-night stay.‎ ‎“This isn’t how I want to spend my holiday,” said Kathleen. “Maybe Crete isn’t experiencing the same storm. Can we fly out later today? ”‎ Her question mirrored my own thoughts. But we couldn’t leave. We’d just arrived. Payments for the hotel and rental car would be lost, and costly last-minute plane reservations needed. “Let’s not decide right now,” I suggested.‎ During the next few days, we drove around despite the showers. At a restaurant named Poseidon, on our third night, we waited and waited for dinner. “Your dinner will be out shortly. The chef was busy studying something beautiful,” our waiter explained.‎ Seeing our puzzled look, the waiter then said, “He went out for a smoke, saw a beautiful girl and began to chat…”‎ Suddenly, Kathleen laughed. Instead of complaining, she leaned back and out came a loud, happy sound.‎ An attitude adjustment into grace, I realized, had been happening since our arrival. “You know, Mum, you can’t live a positive life with a negative mind,” she said.‎ Grace surrounds us. The challenge is to let go of anxieties and worries, the tendency to complain. A sunny attitude can let grace shine.‎ ‎4. What did the author’s husband think about her trip to Greece?‎ A. It was pleasant. B. It was ill-advised.‎ - 28 -‎ C It would be costly. D. It would be eye-opening.‎ ‎5. How were the author’s first few days in Greece?‎ A. Delightful. B. Busy.‎ C. Struggling. D. Annoying.‎ ‎6. Why did the author insist on their staying in Santorini?‎ A. To wait for sunny days. B. To avoid wasting money.‎ C. To enjoy the off-season. D. To deeply explore the place.‎ ‎7. What does the author want to show by telling her experience?‎ A. The role of grace.‎ B. The benefits of travelling.‎ C. The power of positive thinking.‎ D. The importance of understanding.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。作者和女儿去希腊旅游，后几天遭遇坏天气，但积极思考让她们摆脱了坏心情。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：我们不要带着消极的思想过积极的生活，我们所面临的挑战是要放弃焦虑和忧虑，放弃抱怨。阳光的态度可以让优雅发光。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Are you sure you want to head to Greece this November with Kathleen?” asked my husband. “The weather could be unpleasant.”可知，“你确定今年11月要和凯萨琳一起去希腊吗？”我丈夫问。“天气可能不太好。”由此推知，丈夫认为11月她去希腊旅游的决定是不明智的。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的A sunny Saturday afternoon welcomed us to Eleftherios Venizelos Airport in Athens. During the next few days Kathleen and I tried a lot of unknown-to-us foods. No annoying lines of tourists either as we saw sights on the Athens “A” list.可知，一个晴朗的周六下午，我们来到了雅典的Eleftherios - 28 -‎ ‎ Venizelos机场。在接下来的几天里，凯萨琳和我尝试了许多不知名的美国食物。当我们看到雅典“A”名单上的景点时，也没有恼人的游客队伍。由此可知，作者和女儿旅游的前几天是愉快的。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第七段中的But we couldn’t leave. We’d just arrived. Payments for the hotel and rental car would be lost, and costly last-minute plane reservations needed.可知，但是我们不能离开。我们刚刚到达。酒店和租车的费用将被取消，最后一刻的昂贵机票预订也将被取消。由此可知，作者坚持呆在Santorini是为了避免浪费钱。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“You know, Mum, you can’t live a positive life with a negative mind,” she said.(“你知道，妈妈，你不可能带着消极的思想过着积极的生活，”她说)及最后一段中的Grace surrounds us. The challenge is to let go of anxieties and worries, the tendency to complain. A sunny attitude can let grace shine.(优雅地包围着我们。我们所面临的挑战是要放弃焦虑和忧虑，放弃抱怨的倾向。一个阳光的态度可以让优雅发光)可知，作者通过自己旅游时遭遇坏天气坏心情，积极思考让女儿和自己高兴的经历，告诉我们积极思考的力量。故选C。‎ C The latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to a recent article, “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.‎ In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.‎ The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for players of Dota 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.‎ I have to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.‎ And please don’t tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requires ‎ - 28 -‎ hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” I don’t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.‎ Too often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.‎ Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.‎ ‎8. What are “e-sports” according to the text?‎ A. Sports events on television screens.‎ B. Video computer game competitions.‎ C. The latest sports in the Olympic Games.‎ D. Easy sports games for kids.‎ ‎9. What might the author think of “e-sports”?‎ A. They are not instructive.‎ B. They should be banned in school.‎ C. They need too much time and money.‎ D. They have some negative influence on children.‎ ‎10. What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A. Growth. B. Fitness.‎ C. Effort. D. Energy.‎ ‎11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To introduce a new kind of sport.‎ B. To introduce a competition held in Beijing.‎ C. To explain the importance of playing sports.‎ D. To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 28 -‎ 本文是议论文。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.可知，在电子竞技中，玩家和团队在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的电子游戏中竞争。粉丝们挤满了球场，在巨大的电视屏幕上观看现场直播。由此可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏的比赛。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我知道有些游戏是有教育意义的，但我认为太多的孩子花太多的时间坐在屏幕前射击外星人。我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)及第五段中的I don’t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.(我认为没有人会在玩电子游戏时大汗淋漓)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.(也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可推知，作者认为电子竞技对孩子们造成了一些消极影响。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertion and skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。与选项中的Effort同义。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。根据第四段中的I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.(我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)和最后一段中的Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages - 28 -‎ ‎ of real sports.(也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处)可知，作者呼吁人们应该更多地关注传统体育。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。例如本文第3题，此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertion and skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。与选项中的Effort同义。故选C。‎ D Language is perhaps the most distinctive of human characteristics, but its evolution remains a mystery. Our communication is enhanced by turn — taking (轮流说话) — or the orderly exchange of communicative signals — which has been found to be largely universal across cultures. But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.‎ In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine timing. For example, in some species of songbird, the gap between the calls of two different birds is often less than 50 milliseconds. On the other hand, communication in some species is much slower. As for sperm whales, the gap between each vocal exchange is around two seconds. In humans, there is usually a gap of roughly 200 milliseconds between turns in a conversation.‎ While many studies have focused on turn-taking behavior in animals, we still know very little about it, partly because the reports are so varied that large-scale cross-species comparison is all but impossible, according to the researchers. “Overall, direct comparisons of turn-taking skills of non-human animals in relation to language origins are highly limited by lack of data, the application of different terms, different study methods and study environments, the authors wrote in the study.” Furthermore, investigations have so far mainly been focusing on single call - 28 -‎ ‎ types or songs of species, limiting a deeper understanding of the variability of turning-taking systems found in the animal kingdom.‎ In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species comparisons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cross-species comparisons”, Kobin Kendrick, from the University of York’s Department of Language and Linguistic Science, said in a statement. “Such a framework will allow researchers to trace the history of this evolution of remarkable turn-taking behavior and solve old questions about the origins of human language.”‎ ‎12. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. Turn-taking behavior in all species is well timed.‎ B. Language is the least distinctive of human characteristics.‎ C. The gap between turns in a human conversation is about two seconds.‎ D. Relatively speaking, the gap between the calls of two birds is longer.‎ ‎13. What makes the non-human animal language studies difficult according to the text?‎ a. Lack of data. ‎ b. Lack of money.‎ c. Varied reports and studies. ‎ d. The application of different terms.‎ A. a b c B. b c d C. a b d D. a c d ‎14. We can infer from the text that .‎ A. cross-species comparison is the hardest to study in the evolution of language B. turn-taking in animal communication between species is difficult to find C. non-human language studies should be focused on single call types D. the turn-taking behavior of animals is similar to that of human beings ‎15. Why did the researchers put forward a new framework?‎ A. To encourage more studies on the evolution of turn-taking behaviour.‎ B. To build a link between animal communication and human language.‎ C. To make large-scale cross-species comparisons of turn-taking easier.‎ - 28 -‎ D. To guide other researchers in how to study animal communication.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。研究发现轮流说话行为实际上在动物界也很普遍，动物的轮流说话行为与人类相似。但对动物语言的研究还存在许多困难，研究者们不断提出新方法来促进大规模的跨物种比较。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.(但是，根据发表在《英国皇家学会哲学学报B：生物科学》上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍)可知，这种轮流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine timing.(在这项研究中，研究人员强调，所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机)并列举了鸣鸟、抹香鲸和人类声音间隔的例子。由此可知，所有物种的轮流说话行为都是有定时性的。故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，报告差异很大，缺乏数据，不同术语的运用加剧了非人类动物语言研究的困难。缺乏资金未提到。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.(但是，根据发表在《英国皇家学会哲学学报B：生物科学》上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍)可知，这种轮流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine timing.(在这项研究中，研究人员强调，所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机)可知，定时性是所有物种轮流说话行为的标志之一。由此推知，动物的轮流说话行为与人类相似。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species comparisons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cross-species comparisons”(鉴于此，研究人员提出了一个新的框架，未来的研究转向，使跨物种比较更容易。“该框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较”)可知，研究人员提出的一个未来研究的新框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。‎ A new coronavirus, a cousin of the SARS virus, has infected more than 200 people since the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December. Scientist Leo Poon, who first decoded the virus, thinks it likely started in an animal and spread to humans. The World Health Organization offered guidance to countries. ___16___‎ What is a coronavirus ‎___17___ In rare cases, they are what scientists call zoonotic (人畜共患病), meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.‎ Coronavirus symptoms The viruses can make people sick, usually with a mild to moderate upper respiratory (呼吸的) tract illness, similar to a common cold. Coronavirus symptoms include a runny nose, cough, sore throat, possibly a headache and maybe a fever. ___18___‎ For those with a weakened immune system, the elderly and the very young, there’s a chance the virus could cause a lower, and much more serious, respiratory tract illness like a pneumonia or bronchitis.‎ ‎___19___ Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, also known as the MERS virus, was first reported in the Middle East in 2012 and also causes respiratory problems, but those symptoms are much more severe. Three to four out of every 10 patients infected with MERS died, according to the CDC. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS, is the other coronavirus that can cause more severe symptoms. First identified in the Guangdong province in southern China, according to the WHO, it causes - 28 -‎ ‎ respiratory problems but can also cause diarrhea, fatigue, shortness of breath, respiratory distress and kidney failure. It also results in death.‎ How it spreads Viruses can spread from human contact with animals. ___20___ With SARS, scientists suspected civet cats were to blame. When it comes to human-to-human transmission of the viruses, often it happens when someone comes into contact with the infected person’s secretions.‎ A. Here are several suggestions for you about a coronavirus.‎ B. There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly.‎ C. Scientists think MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.‎ D. Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are common among animals.‎ E. There are all kinds of coronaviruses existing in the world.‎ F. Here are several things you should know about a coronavirus.‎ G. They can last for a couple of days.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了新冠状病毒的一些情况，包括什么是冠状病毒，冠状病毒的症状，危害及传播方式。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 上文介绍了新冠状病毒自去年12月在中国武汉爆发，世界卫生组织为各国提供了指导。下文是冠状病毒的详细情况，空处应该承上启下，F项：Here are several things you should know about a coronavirus.(下面是关于冠状病毒你应该知道的几件事)符合文意，故选F。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 本段标题是：什么是冠状病毒？空处应该对其定义，D项：Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are common among animals.(冠状病毒是一种常见的动物病毒)介绍了什么是冠状病毒，是对问题的回答。故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 本段主要介绍冠状病毒的症状，上句介绍冠状病毒的症状包括流鼻涕，咳嗽，喉咙痛，可能是头痛，也可能是发烧。G项：They can last for a couple of days.(它们可以持续几天)是介绍症状持续的时间，符合题意。They指代上句的Coronavirus symptoms。故选G。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据本段中Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, also known as the MERS virus,和Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS,可知，本段是介绍这两种冠状病毒对人类的危害。B项：There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly.(已知有几种人类冠状病毒是致命的)概括了本段内容，引出下文。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 本段介绍冠状病毒的传播方式，上句介绍病毒可通过与动物接触传播，下句提到SARS的传播和 civet cats 有关，C项 Scientists think MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.(据世界卫生组织称，科学家认为MERS起源于骆驼)与下句并列，指出MERS可能和camels有关。故选C。‎ 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression, “Nothing is ever easy.” The following day, as I tried to complete my clay’s work, I happened to ___21___a bumblebee (大黄蜂) on the skylight (天窗). The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought ___22___ the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had ___23___was that the living room was a mess and that I was dizzy from ___24___ into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so ___25___but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.‎ It is not only time that we tend to underestimate…we don’t account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our ___26___ but we seldom think of all the ___27___ things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as ___28___ and that is completely normal. It is ___29___ acceptable to feel challenged — even at a _______30_______ that you thought was simple — because that is part of life.‎ If you can _______31_______ that nothing will ever be easy, then _______32_______ might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school, I thought high school might ‎ - 28 -‎ be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to _______33_______. In high school, I thought _______34_______ might be easier because I could have a schedule best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn’t (and shouldn’t) be _______35_______, I found myself with a more positive attitude and _______36_______ results.‎ Of course, there should be _______37_______ made to account for expenses or time. Doing so can only help you _______38_______ your goals in a better way. However, there is no need to beat ourselves up (过分自责) when something stands in our _______39_______. Maybe we cannot see a _______40_______ coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.‎ ‎21. A. arrest B. notice C. fly D. attract ‎22. A. describing B. exploring C. removing D. warning ‎23. A. changed B. failed C. cleared D. ended ‎24. A. cleaning up B. turning up C. looking up D. making up ‎25. A. awful B. worrying C. tiny D. big ‎26. A. favor B. dream C. trip D. reason ‎27. A. successful B. helpful C. positive D. negative ‎28. A. observed B. promised C. unexpected D. planned ‎29. A. seriously B. perfectly C. obviously D. partly ‎30. A. task B. result C. fact D. belief ‎31. A. find B. know C. refuse D. accept ‎32. A. story B. relief C. life D. chance ‎33. A. take B. count C. bring D. keep ‎34. A. course B. college C. grade D. role ‎35. A. difficult B. easy C. complicated D. annoying ‎36. A. improved B. fallen C. recorded D. organized ‎37. A. agreements B. decisions C. experiments D. preparations ‎38. A. acknowledge B. accomplish C. predict D. remember - 28 -‎ ‎39. A. age B. face C. path D. view ‎40. A. friend B. helper C. bird D. bee ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过花一个小时驱赶天窗上的大黄蜂但没成功的经历，明白了祖父最喜欢的话——没有什么是容易的。我们应该时刻为挑战做好准备，以积极的态度迎接挑战。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我试图完成我的粘土作品时，我碰巧注意到天窗上有一只大黄蜂。A. arrest逮捕，扣留；B. notice注意；C. fly飞；D. attract吸引。此处指作者注意到大黄蜂在天窗上。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：天窗特别高，但我想把蜜蜂赶走不会超过五分钟。A. describing描述；B. exploring探索；C. removing去除；D. warning警告。此处指作者想把大黄蜂从房间里赶走。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是起居室一片混乱，我抬头看阳光时感到头晕目眩。A. changed改变；B. failed失败；C. cleared清除；D. ended结束，终止。作者驱赶大黄蜂把房间弄得一片混乱。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：唯一改变的是起居室一片混乱，我抬头看阳光时感到头晕目眩。A. cleaning up 清理；B. turning up出现，开大；C. looking up查阅，仰望；D. making up组成，编造。作者花了1个小时驱赶大黄蜂，把自己弄得精疲力竭，抬头时头晕目眩。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没想到要在这么小的昆虫上浪费一个小时，但通过这样做，我明白了祖父的意思。A. awful可怕的，糟糕的；B. worrying令人担心的；C. tiny微小的；D. big大的。大黄蜂属于小昆虫。故选C。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。A. favor帮助，赞同；B. dream梦想；C. trip旅行；D. reason理由。此处指能帮助我们，对我们有利的事情。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。A. successful成功的；B. helpful有益的；C. positive积极的；D. negative消极的。根据but可知，前后转折，与favor相反，并且affect us应该是消极的负面的事情。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，重要的是要记住你的一天、一周或一年可能不会按计划进行，这是完全正常的。A. observed观察，遵守；B. promised允诺，许诺；C. unexpected想不到；D. planned计划。根据常识可知，你的一天、一周或一年可能不会按计划进行，随时会变化。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：感到挑战是完全可以接受的——即使是在一项你认为很简单的任务上——因为这是生活的一部分。A. seriously严肃地；B. perfectly完全地，完美地；C. obviously明显地；D. partly部分地。此处表示完全可以接受挑战。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感到挑战是完全可以接受的——即使是在一项你认为很简单的任务上——因为这是生活的一部分。A. task任务；B. result结果；C. fact事实；D. belief信念。此处指简单的任务也有挑战。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易管理一些。A. find发现；B. know知道；C. refuse拒绝；D. accept接受。此处指接受一切都不容易的事实。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你能接受没有什么是容易的，那么生活可能看起来会稍微容易管理一些。A. story故事；B. relief安慰，救济；C. life生活；D. chance机会。如果我们懂得一切都不容易的道理，生活就不会感到那么困难。故选C。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在初中，我认为高中可能会更容易，因为我可以选择我想上的课。A. take采取，获得；B. count数；C. bring带来，拿来；D. keep保持。“上课”是take classes。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在高中时，我认为大学可能更容易一些，因为我可以有一个最适合我自己的时间表。A. course课程；B. college大学；C. grade年级，成绩；D. role角色，任务。根据上文提到的时间In middle school, In high school,可知。作者是按时间顺序写对下一阶段的期望，此处应该是在高中想象大学的情况。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接受了学校不会（也不应该）容易之后，我发现自己有了更积极的态度，成绩也提高了。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. complicated复杂的；D. annoying讨厌的，恼人的。此处指人生的下一个阶段不会比现在容易。故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接受了学校不会（也不应该）容易之后，我发现自己有了更积极的态度，成绩也提高了。A. improved提高；B. fallen落下，跌倒；C. recorded记录；D. organized组织。学习中a more positive attitude带来的应该是好的结果，成绩提高。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，应该有对费用或时间负责所做的准备。A. agreements同意；B. decisions决定；C. experiments试验；D. preparations准备。此处指提前做好准备。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样做才能帮助你更好地实现你的目标。A. acknowledge承认；B. accomplish完成，实现；C. predict预言，预测；D. remember记得。“实现目标”是accomplish goals。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当有事物挡住我们的路时，没必要过分自责。A. age年龄；B. face脸，表面；C. path道路，小路；D. view视野，风景。“挡住我们的路”是stand in our path。故选C。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们看不到一只蜜蜂朝的到来，但我们总能给自己额外的时间去捕捉它。A. friend朋友；B. helper助手，帮手；C. bird鸟；D. bee蜜蜂。与文章开头作者驱赶天窗上的大黄蜂呼应。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题14根据上文提到的时间In middle school, In high school,可知作者是按时间顺序写对下一阶段的期望，所以此处应该是在高中想象大学的情况。故选college。小题20与文章开头a bumblebee(大黄蜂) on the skylight(天窗).和An hour later, the bee still remained.作者驱赶天窗上的大黄蜂呼应。故选bee。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。将答案填 写在答题卡的相应位置。‎ Throughout history people have worn clothing of one description or another. Apart ___41___ protection against the weather, clothes were also often used ___42___ (show) the wearer’ s status and wealth. Over the years, many fashions in clothing have come and gone. While some of these have been popular for relatively short ___43___ (period), others have lasted longer.‎ Until the first half of the 20th century, ___44___ ability to follow fashion was limited to those who had the money to do so. Following fashion did not only demand money, but it also required large amounts of time. Wealthy people took fashion very ___45___ (serious) and close attention had to ___46___ (pay) to detail. Wearing the correct clothes for different occasions ___47___ (be) very important, despite the fact that this often meant ___48___ (change) clothes five or six times a day.‎ More recently, fashionable clothes have come within the reach of ordinary people. The traditional methods of dressmaking, ___49___ usually involved sewing by hand, were both costly and slow. But today's clothing industry has made ____50____ easier for people to keep up with changes in fashion without having to spend a great amount of money.‎ ‎【答案】41. from ‎ - 28 -‎ ‎42. to show ‎ ‎43. periods ‎ ‎44. the 45. seriously ‎ ‎46. be paid ‎ ‎47. was 48. changing ‎ ‎49. which 50. it ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了服装的发展过程，衣服不仅能抵御风吹日晒，在过去它还是穿着者的地位和财富的象征。随着服装业的发展，现在普通人也能穿上时髦的服装了。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：除了抵御风吹日晒之外，衣服还常常被用来显示穿着者的地位和财富。“除……之外”是固定短语apart from。故填from。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。此处指衣服还常常被用来显示穿着者的地位和财富，表示“被用于做某事”是be used to do sth. 故填to show。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。period是可数名词，前面没有不定冠词，此处表示复数意义，应用复数形式。故填periods。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。此处特指追随时尚的能力，应用定冠词。故填the。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰动词took，应用副词，此处指“认真对待”。故填seriously。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。此处指必须密切注意细节，句中attention和动词pay是被动关系，应用had to be done，故填be paid。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。句意：在不同的场合穿合适的衣服是非常重要的。句中是动名词短语Wearing the correct clothes做主语，谓语用单数。与上下文时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填was。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管这通常意味着每天要换五六次衣服。“意味着做某事”是mean doing sth.故填changing。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：传统的制衣方法，通常是手工缝制，既昂贵又缓慢。根据句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是traditional methods，在定语从句中做主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形式宾语。句意：但是今天的服装业让人们更容易跟上时尚的变化，而不需要花很多钱。此处是make it + adj. for sb. to do sth.结构，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。故填it。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除 或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last summer, I had unforgettable experience. I didn’t go to the seaside as I usual do because my friend David invited me to spending two weeks on his grandparents’ farm. I thought that it would be a new experience for him as a city boy. David’s parents drove us there on a Saturday afternoon. We arrived at very late at night. The next morning I wake up to the smell of fresh bread and cakes. Every day we milked the cows, watered the vegetables and fed the animal on the farm. For people which live in a big city these were very excited activities. Beside, the pure air and the quietness of the countryside also impressed me a lot.‎ ‎【答案】‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了去年夏天和David去他祖父母的农场的见闻和感受。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查冠词。此处指我有一次难忘的经历，experience表示“经历”是可数名词，表示“一次”且unforgettable开头是元音音素，故unforgettable前加an。‎ ‎2.考查副词。修饰动词do用副词，故usual改成usually。‎ ‎3.考查动词。“邀请某人做某事”是invite sb. to do sth.其中to后加动词原形，故spending改成spend。‎ ‎4.考查代词。句意：我以为这对我这个城市男孩来说会是一次全新的经历。此处指“对于我来说”。故him改成me。‎ ‎5.考查介词。arrive at后加宾语，指到达某地。此处没有宾语不用介词。故去掉at。‎ ‎6.考查动词时态。本文叙述去年夏天发生的事，是一般过去时。故wake改成woke。‎ ‎7.考查名词复数。animal是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故animal改成animals。‎ ‎8.考查定语从句。句中包含限定性定语从句，先行词people指人，不能用which引导，先行词在定语从句中做主语，应用关系代词who/that引导。故which改成who/that。‎ ‎9.考查形容词。-ed结尾的形容词常用来修饰人，-ing结尾的形容词修饰物。此处修饰activities应用exciting，故 excited改成exciting。‎ ‎10. 考查副词。句意：此外，纯净的空气和宁静的乡村也给我留下了深刻的印象。Beside表示“在……旁边”，此处表示“此外”，应用副词besides。故Beside改成Besides。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：‎ ‎1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用 - 28 -‎ who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。小题8中先行词people指人，不能用which引导定语从句。‎ ‎2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是做主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。小题8中先行词people指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导。‎ ‎3、看清楚定语从句种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Johnson给你发来e-mail，想了解自“十九大”以来你的家乡所发生的变化，请你用英语给他回信。要点如下：‎ ‎1. 精准扶贫，效果良好。‎ ‎2. 环境明显改善。‎ ‎3. 邀请对方亲身感受。‎ 参考词汇：十九大：the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China 精准扶贫：targeted poverty reduction 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Johnson,‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Johnson,‎ - 28 -‎ Hearing that you are interested in the development of my hometown, I am more than glad to share something about it with you.‎ Great changes have taken place since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The targeted poverty reduction has reached its ideal aims. Many poor families have got effective help from local government and have improved their life greatly. Many old houses are replaced by new tall buildings which are surrounded with green trees and colorful flowers. Meanwhile, the rivers that had been polluted seriously before are getting clearer and clearer. Besides, all kinds of fishes return to the rivers. The sky is filled with white and cleaner clouds.‎ I do believe you will feel quite amazed if you come to experience it in person. Looking forward to your coming.‎ Yours sincerely Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求给朋友写一封回信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Johnson给你发来e-mail，想了解自“十九大”以来你的家乡所发生的变化，请你用英语给他回信。要点如下： 1.精准扶贫，效果良好。2.环境明显改善。3.邀请对方亲身感受。‎ 第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：share something with you, take place, ideal aims, effective help, are surrounded with ,clearer and clearer, Looking forward to.‎ 第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。本文用现在完成时和一般现在时。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Many old houses are replaced by new tall buildings which are surrounded with green trees and colorful flowers.和the rivers that had been polluted seriously before are getting clearer and clearer.运用了定语从句；Hearing that you are interested in the development of my hometown和I do believe you will feel quite amazed if you - 28 -‎ ‎ come to experience it in person.运用了宾语从句。 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 28 -‎ - 28 -‎