【英语】河北省衡水中学2020届高三下学期第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

【英语】河北省衡水中学2020届高三下学期第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

河北省衡水中学2020届高三下学期第一次模拟考试 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2分，满分40分）‎ A Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all! Stunning landscapes, the Golden Circle, ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching. On the way we see waterfalls, volcanoes, floating icebergs, cliffs, black sand beaches, geysers, hot springs and so much more. There are even options for a glacier hike or a visit to the Secret Lagoon, and during the summer months you can add a boat tour on Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon.‎ Included: Reykjavik pick-up & drop-off, minibus tour, English guidance, 2 nights accommodation, glacier-hiking/ice-caving equipment, super jeep ride for some km, specialized guide to ice cave, entrance fees and northern lights(depending on conditions, visible from Sept-Apr).‎ Not included: Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts. The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.‎ Bring with you: Warm outdoor clothing, waterproof jacket and pants, headwear and gloves. Good hiking boots are essential.‎ Note: You can always rent strong hiking boots, waterproof jacket and pants in the booking process.‎ Ice Cave information: Our main cave is "Crystal Ice Cave", but if it is inaccessible we will visit another cave. During the summer months(Apr-Oct), we go to the Katla Ice Cave. If the ice cave is inaccessible, we do a glacier hike instead.‎ Drop-off information: We drop you off at your hotel sometime between 16:00-19:00 on day three, depending on weather and road conditions.‎ Contact us: If you have a question about this tour you can use the contact form here below. If you have a general inquiry (cancellations, feedback, reschedule, etc.) please click here.‎ ‎1. What should you pay extra money for during the trip?‎ A. Minibus tour. B. Glacier hiking.‎ C. Entrance fees. D. Lunch.‎ ‎2. If you want to have a boat trip, you _______.‎ A. can make it all year around B. don’t need to pay extra money C. must buy waterproof jackets D. had better book the tickets in advance ‎3. Where does this text most probably come from?‎ A. A health newspaper. B. A science fiction.‎ C. A travel website. D. A project handbook.‎ B Laurie Santos greeted her Yale University students with slips of paper that explained: No class today.‎ It was mid-semester (学期). With exams and papers coming, everyone was exhausted and stressed. There was one rule: They couldn’t use the one hour and a quarter of unexpected free time to study, and they had to just enjoy it. Nine students hugged her. Two burst into tears.‎ Santos, a professor of psychology, had planned to give a lecture about what researchers have learned about how important time is to happiness, but she created a special class on the psychology of living a joyful, meaningful life and she wanted the lessons to stick. All semester, she explained why we think the way we do. Then, she challenged students to use that knowledge to change their own lives.‎ On that spring afternoon, nearly a quarter of the undergraduate students were enjoying an unexpected break at the same time. No, not just enjoying it-really loving the gift they had been given. Skyler Robinson, a sophomore, had been confused for a moment by all the possibilities it opened up. He felt very, very happy. Then, he took a nap. “That nap,” he said, “was fantastic.”‎ Santos designed this class after she realized, as the head of a residential college at Yale, that many students were stressed out and unhappy, struggling through long days that seemed to her far more crushing (惨重的) and joyless than her own college years.‎ Santos said students were most skeptical of the idea that good grades aren’t essential to happiness. And when she joked she was going to teach them that by giving everyone “D”, she was flooded with calls from frightened students and parents. Santos told them she was creating a center ‎ for the good life at the college she leads at Yale. As for the good life, she told them they already know how to live it-they just have to practice and put in hard work.‎ So many students have told her the class changed their lives. “If you’re really grateful, show me that.” she told them. “Change the culture.”‎ ‎4. What did Santos ask her Yale students to do that day?‎ A. Study for the coming exams.‎ B. Enjoy the free time in her class.‎ C. Apply their way of thinking to life.‎ D. Realize the importance of time.‎ ‎5. What does Santos think of her Yale students?‎ A. They care nothing about grades but happiness.‎ B. They are stressed into a hopeless generation.‎ C. They are living a joyful and meaningful life.‎ D. They suffer great pressure from learning.‎ ‎6. How was Santos’ special class that day?‎ A. Popular. B. Discouraging.‎ C. Humorous. D. dull ‎7. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Yale has a special course about social life.‎ B. Yale teaches its students about good grades.‎ C. Yale has a course all about living happily.‎ D. Yale helps its students reduce learning pressure.‎ C We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.‎ A study published last week, conducted by Dr. Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐的）behavior is associated with reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颞叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.‎ The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, ages 45 to 70, about their activity levels ‎ and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.‎ What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant association between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.‎ It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to enhance cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants are presented with conflicting stimuli（刺激）, like the word “green” in blue ink, and asked to name the color. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by a 3-milicond margin.‎ The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the bar for everyone.‎ I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “Thinker,” seated with chin on hand.‎ They were wrong. You can now all stand up.‎ ‎8. What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4?‎ A. Severe exercise can lessen the damage of sitting.‎ B. Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.‎ C. Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.‎ D. Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “margin” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A. blank. B. edge.‎ C. decrease. D. difference.‎ ‎10. What is the received idea about deep thought?‎ A. Sitting more is good for our mental health.‎ B. Sitting is better when we think.‎ C. Exercise more can improve our cognition.‎ D. We should stand while thinking.‎ ‎11. The passage mainly tells us ________.‎ A. people tend to sit while thinking B. standing more can make our brain healthier C. physical exercise can improve our brain health D. sedentary behavior leads to countless health problems D Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand. The traffic light system works just like this: Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria, yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics (抗生素) and causes antibiotic release, and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.‎ In testing the bandage on mice, the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method. However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments. Moreover, the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.‎ It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations. Treatment doesn’t have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis, and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity. What’s more, the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what’s happening with the infection, if there’s an infection at all. The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light, including photodynamic therapy or PDT.‎ We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years, thanks to advances in science—like the nanofiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out, speeding up the healing process. Then there’s the novel bandage for treating burns, which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.‎ The more work that a bandage can do while it’s protecting a wound, the better. Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.‎ ‎12. What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do?‎ A. Avoid the use of antibiotics. B. Clear out harmful bacteria.‎ C. Detect bacterial infections. D. Increase treatment options.‎ ‎13. What is the advantage of the smart bandage?‎ A. It saves much time and cost. B. It removes the risk of infection.‎ C. It prevents the bacterial resistance. D. It improves doctor-patient relationship.‎ ‎14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. Traditional bandages are out of use now.‎ B. More smart bandages will be developed.‎ C. Progress in science calls for more research.‎ D. People are urged to study medical science.‎ ‎15. What does the text focus on?‎ A. A successful test on mice. B. A colour-changing bandage.‎ C. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria. D. Preventing abuse of antibiotics.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Music most likely isn’t the largest reason motivating where you choose to dine. ___16___ And according to Nations Restaurant News, if they aren’t thinking about music, they should be.‎ In a recent post about music’s role in restaurant design, author Mark Brandau details the different ways sound influences sales, how different times of the day call for their own soundtrack and how restaurants cater to certain diners. Here are a few “notes” to keep in mind the next time you need to pick a restaurant:‎ It’s someone’s job to build playlists. Restaurant owners hire experts to build music playlists which don’t include commercials and need to be scored. These paid-for playlists are required for different times of the day. ___17___ ‎ What you hear at lunch won’t be what you hear at dinner. And what you hear after dinner will be something entirely different. ___18___ In that case, soft music maybe key to helping them create the atmosphere.‎ You probably have heard some songs before. ___19___ Ambiance Radio offers playlists for ‎ Little Greek, in Florida. and also Schlotzsky’s and Union Square Café, in New York City. Vojnovic, who started his career at Chili’s, said that years ago, instrumental tapes of background music were changed only once per quarter.‎ ‎___20___ Brandau explains that some restaurants prefer to pump up the volume (音量), not to annoy certain groups of customers, but to stay true to their main guests. If college students are a restaurant’s target consumers, the restaurant may deliberately pay music older crowds consider uninviting.‎ A. Music builds restaurants’ brands.‎ B. Music helps restaurants choose diners.‎ C. Some restaurants aim to increase late-night business.‎ D. Restaurants maybe using the same music providers.‎ E. You go to a certain restaurant due to its various songs.‎ F. Therefore, there’s enough variety to avoid repeating songs.‎ G. However, restaurant owners put much thought into what they play in their restaurants.‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Rhemy Elsey, a fifth-grader, is deaf and mainly uses sign language to communicate, along with the ___21___ of an interpreter. Some of his fellow fifth-graders decided to ___22___ their break once a week to form an American Sign Language club in order to chat more ___23___ with Rhemy.‎ It’s been a few months since the club was ___24___ and his classmates’ participation has ___25___ Rhemy. “It’ s like they want to be like me” he said.‎ Though Rhemy signs to communicate with others. he has cochlear implants（耳蜗植入）that help him ___26___. His interpreter, Tammy Arvin, ___27___ the club, which meets every Wednesday. So far, the club members have learned basic ___28___ in different topics including school, food and clothing.‎ Arvin who accompanies him during school said that ___29___ the club’s formation, not only was it difficult for students to communicate directly with Rhemy, his use of an interpreter also led ‎ to ___30___ challenges for him. “It can be really ___31___ for deaf kids from a social and emotional standpoint to have an interpreter ___32___ them around all day long,” Arvin said. So when the other students expressed interest in an ASL club, Arvin was ___33___.‎ The club has already had an effect on the way the students ___34___ with Rhemy. The ___35___ can have more natural conversations which make Rhemy feel less isolated(孤立的). And the students are also ___36___ a very important culture.‎ ‎“They don’t necessarily realize they’ are learning…about deaf culture by ___37___ this club,” Arvin said. “It ___38___ gives them a perspective on this other ___39___ that they previously weren’t aware of, so they’re ___40___ greatly just in terms of learning about diversity and having a broader perspective on the world around them.‎ ‎21. A. role B. help C. idea D. need ‎22. A. give up B. put off C. prepare for D. talk about ‎23. A. openly B. casually C. modestly D. effectively ‎24. A. improved B. formed C. evaluated D. purchased ‎25. A. delighted B. worried C. calmed D. disappointed ‎26. A. touch B. learn C. speak D. hear ‎27. A. visits B. blames C. instructs D. discovers ‎28. A. rules B. goals C. signs D. games ‎29. A. since B. before C. through D. during ‎30. A. economic B. intellectual C. political D. social ‎31. A. hard B. lucky C. funny D. helpful ‎32. A. driving B. disturbing C. following D. protecting ‎33. A. moved B. embarrassed ‎ C. anxious D. concerned ‎34. A. agree B. fight C. compare D. communicate ‎35. A. kids B. teachers C. interpreters D. parents ‎36. A. discussing B. exploring C. saving D. controlling ‎37. A. breaking up B. approving of ‎ C. looking into D. participating in ‎38. A. frequently B. hardly C. really D. suddenly ‎39. A. task B. behavior C. culture D. opinion ‎40. A. fearing B. benefiting ‎ C. appreciating D. ignoring 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。‎ Eating a diet rich in high-quality protein may help you maintain a healthy weight by ___41___ (make) you feel full longer, and fueling you with extra energy for exercising.‎ High-protein ___42___ (diet) aren’t balanced in terms of the essential nutrients, vitamins, and fiber your body needs. However, a diet that is too high in animal protein can ___43___ (actual) lead to weight gain over time. A study found that those who ate more red and processed meat put on ___44___ (much) weight, about one extra pound every four years, while those who ate more nuts over the course of the study ___45___ (gain) only half as much weight.‎ Some people are able to lose weight on high-protein diets in the short-term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, ___46___ simply due to consuming fewer calories. A safer way ___47___ (lose) weight is to reduce sugar intake and calories, while maintaining a nutritionally balanced diet ___48___ is rich in plant-based proteins.‎ For most of us, consuming the right balance of wholefoods each day will provide us ___49___ all the nutrients we need. There is also no ____50____ (evident) that protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from food.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Recently, there has been an activity of “Doing Your Bit for an Energy-saved society” in our school. Our schoolmates were highly concerned about the increasing lack for energy and provide ‎ advice. Many a student suggest that we shouldn’t waste any food or paper, though they appear very easily to get. Some other students think that advisable to refuse to use plastic bags. It is also strongly recommended those used textbooks not be thrown away and be recycled. After all, most of them are still in a good condition, At last, we all believe we can do more to contribute to build a better world.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jack 在网上看到了中国学生疫情中做家务的照片，发来邮件想了解你的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 你做的家务；‎ ‎2. 家人的态度；‎ ‎3. 你的感受。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Jack,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes,‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2分，满分40分）‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一个为期三天、沿着南部海岸的旅行，以及关于旅行安排的详细信息、注意事项和联系方式等。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章中的“Not included: Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.”（不包含项目：本次旅行不包含除了早餐之外的食物。）可知，午餐需要额外付钱。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章中“The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.”（冰川泻湖上的游船是可选择的额外项目，仅在夏季提供。这个项目销售很快，因此我们建议您在安排旅行时进行预定。）可知，如果想要体验游船，最好先提前订票。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据“Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all! Stunning landscapes, the Golden Circle, ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.”（我们沿着南部海岸进行的为期3天的旅行应有尽有！令人惊叹的景观、金色的圆圈、冰洞、Jokulsarlon冰山泻湖和北极光。）及下文的关于旅行的信息，联系方式等，可知，本文是一个关于旅行的广告，因此最可能来自旅游网站。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍耶鲁的一门关于幸福生活的课程。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段Laurie Santos greeted her Yale University students with slips of paper that explained: No class today.“劳丽·桑托斯(Laurie Santos)向耶鲁大学(Yale University)的学生们打招呼时递上了一张纸条，上面写着:今天不上课。”由此可知，Santos那天让她的Yale 学生享受她课堂上的自由时间。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中With exams and papers coming, everyone was exhausted and stressed.“随着考试和论文的到来，每个人都筋疲力尽，压力很大。”由此可知，Santos认为她的Yale学生承受着巨大的学习压力。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Nine students hugged her. Two burst into tears.“九名学生拥抱了她。两个人突然哭了起来。”和最后一段第一句So many students have told her the class changed their lives.“很多学生告诉她，这课改变了他们的生活。”由此可知，Santos的特殊课是受欢迎的。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 标题判断题。根据第三段中Santos, a professor of psychology, had planned to give a lecture about what researchers have learned about how important time is to happiness, but she created a special class on the psychology of living a joyful, meaningful life and she wanted the lessons to stick. “Santos是一名心理学教授，她本打算做一个讲座，介绍研究人员在时间对幸福的重要性方面的研究成果，但她开设了一门关于快乐而有意义的生活的心理学的特殊课程，她希望这些课程能够深入人心。”由此可知，耶鲁有一门关于幸福生活的课程。所以文章最佳标题为C“耶鲁有一门关于幸福生活的课程 ”。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了站着思考能够使人的大脑更加健康、思维更加敏捷的这一现象。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“It means that the more time you spend in a chair the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.”（这意味着，你在椅子上坐的时间越久，就越不利于你的大脑健康，可能会导致学习和记忆受损。）和第四段中的“What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant association between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.”（有趣的是，这项 研究没有发现身体活动水平和大脑区域厚度之间有显著的关联，这表明运动，甚至是剧烈运动，可能不足以保护你免受坐姿的有害影响。），可知久坐的行为可能会损害我们的大脑。故选C项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第五段最后一句“Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by a 32-millisecond margin.”（站着思考的受试者会以32毫秒的差异击败坐着的受试者。），可知margin在此处意为“差异”。故选D项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “Thinker,” seated with chin on hand.”（我知道，这一切都与我们从小学老师那里得到的关于深思熟虑的想法背道而驰，他们让我们坐下集中注意力，还有罗丹著名的“思想者”，手托下巴坐着。），可知我们以前接受的关于深思熟虑的想法是坐着思考更好。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.”（ 但现在一项新的研究发现，坐着对大脑也有害。）， 第三段最后一句“It means that the more time you spend in a chair the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.”（这意味着，你在椅子上坐的时间越久，就越不利于你的大脑健康，可能会导致学习和记忆受损。），第五段中的“It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to enhance cognition; just standing will do the trick.”（结果令人惊讶的是，你甚至不需要移动太多来增强认知能力；仅仅站着就可以了。）和最后一段“They were wrong. You can now all stand up.”（他们错了。你们现在都可以站起来了。）可知，文章主要介绍了多站立能够使人的大脑更加健康、思维更加敏捷的现象。故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带 ‎) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。由此可知，智能绷带的主要功能是检测细菌感染。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments.可知，然而，常用的电阻检测方法受到时间、专业人员的要求和昂贵仪器的限制。以及第三段第一句It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.可知，很容易看出一个简单的绷带和光可以克服这些限制。由此可知，智能绷带的优点是节省了很多时间和成本。故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.可知，改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知，更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。结合文章还说明了这种绷带的优势和未来的发展趋势。由此可推知，文章的重点是变色绷带。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。‎ 如第14小题，根据最后一段中Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.‎ 可知，改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知，更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F 18. C 19. D 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍音乐与餐厅的关系。音乐很可能不是激励你选择就餐地点的最大原因。然而，餐馆老板们对他们在餐馆里玩什么花了很多心思。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“音乐很可能不是激励你选择就餐地点的最大原因。”由此可知，G项However, restaurant owners put much thought into what they play in their restaurants.（然而，餐馆老板们对他们在餐馆里玩什么花了很多心思。）切题。此处However表示与上文构成转折关系。故选G。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“这些付费播放列表需要在一天中的不同时间播放。”承接上文，F项Therefore, there’s enough variety to avoid repeating songs.（因此，有足够的多样性来避免重复的歌曲。）切题。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“晚饭后你听到的将是完全不同的东西。”再根据下文提示“在这种情况下，轻柔的音乐可能是帮助他们营造气氛的关键。”承接上下文，C项Some restaurants aim to increase late-night business.（一些餐馆旨在增加深夜生意。）切题。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“你可能听过一些歌曲。”再据上文提示“Ambiance Radio为佛罗里达州的Little Greek以及纽约市的Schlotzsky ‘s和Union Square Cafe提供播放列表。”承接上下文，D项Restaurants maybe using the same music providers.（餐馆可能使用相同的音乐供应商。）切题。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“Brandau解释说，一些餐厅更喜欢提高音量，不是为了惹恼某些特定的顾客群体，而是为了忠实于他们的主要客人。”承接下文，B项Music helps restaurants choose diners.（音乐可以帮助餐厅选择食客。）切题。故选B。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. D 38.‎ ‎ C 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，短文叙述了五年级学生Rhemy Elsey是一个聋哑人，他的一些五年级同学决定每周放弃一次课间休息，成立一个美国手语俱乐部，以便更有效地与Elsey聊天。俱乐部的成立使得Elsey能与同学们更好地交流，也使得同学们学到关于聋哑文化的知识。他们从学习多样性和对周围世界有更广阔的视角中受益匪浅。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年级学生Rhemy Elsey是一个聋哑人，主要使用手语进行交流，还需要一名翻译的帮助。A. role角色；B. help帮助；C. idea观点；D. need需要。根据下文“Arvin who accompanies him during school ”可知，Elsey是一个聋哑人，主要使用手语进行交流，还需要一名翻译的帮助。with the help of“在……帮助下”。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的一些五年级同学决定每周放弃一次课间休息，成立一个美国手语俱乐部，以便更有效地与Elsey聊天。A. give up放弃；B. put off推迟；C. prepare for为……做准备；D. talk about谈论。根据“form an American Sign Language club ”可知，成立一个美国手语俱乐部，就要放弃每周一次课间休息来开展活动。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的一些五年级同学决定每周放弃一次课间休息，成立一个美国手语俱乐部，以便更有效地与Elsey聊天。A. openly公然地；B. casually不在意地；C. modestly谦虚地；D. effectively高效地。根据下文“have more natural conversations”可知，成立一个美国手语俱乐部，目的是更有效地与Elsey聊天，最终达到了这个目标。故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：俱乐部成立已经几个月了，他的同学们的参与让Elsey很高兴。A. improved提高；B. formed形成；C. evaluated评估；D. purchased购买。根据上文“form an American Sign Language club ”可知，俱乐部成立已经几个月了。本句属于原词复现。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：俱乐部成立已经几个月了，他的同学们的参与让Elsey很高兴。A. delighted高兴的；B. worried担忧的；C. calmed平静的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“It’ s like they want to be like me” he said.”可知，他的同学们的参与让Elsey 很高兴。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：耳蜗植入帮助他听力。A. touch触摸；B. learn学习；C. speak说；D. hear听。根据常识可知，耳蜗植入帮助聋哑人更好地听。故选D项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的翻译塔米·阿尔文(Tammy Arvin)指导俱乐部，俱乐部每周三聚会。A. visits拜访；B. blames责备；C. instructs指导；D. discovers发现。塔米·阿尔文对这个俱乐部进行着指导。故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，俱乐部成员已经学习了不同话题的基本符号，包括学校、食物和衣服。A. rules规则；B. goals目标；C. signs符号；D. games游戏。根据上文“ sign language”可知，俱乐部成员已经学习了不同话题的基本符号，包括学校、食物和衣服。故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在学校陪伴他的阿尔文说，在俱乐部成立之前，学生们不仅难以与Elsey直接交流，他使用的翻译也给他带来了社会挑战。A. since自从；B. before在……之前；C. through尽管；D. during在……期间。根据“not only was it difficult for students to communicate directly with Rhemy”可知，在俱乐部成立之前，学生们难以与Else直接交流。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校陪伴他的阿文说，在俱乐部成立之前，学生们不仅难以与Elsey直接交流，他使用的翻译也给他带来了社会挑战。A. economic经济的；B. intellectual聪明的；C. political政治的；D. social社会的。根据“It can be really ______ for deaf kids from a social and emotional standpoint to have an interpreter ______ them around all day long,”可知，他使用的翻译也给他带来了社会挑战。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿尔文说：“从社会和情感的角度来看，聋哑儿童很难有一名翻译整天跟着他们。A. hard困难的；B. lucky幸运的；C. funny滑稽的；D. helpful有益处的。根据“round all day long”可知，聋哑儿童很难有一名翻译整天跟着他们。故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔文说：“从社会和情感的角度来看，聋哑儿童很难有一名翻译整天跟着他们。A. driving开车；B. disturbing打扰；C. following跟谁；D. protecting保护。根据“Arvin who accompanies him ”可知，聋哑儿童很难有一名翻译整天跟着他们。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，当其他学生对美国手语俱乐部表示出兴趣时，阿尔文被打动了。A. moved感动的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. concerned关心的。根据“when the other students expressed interest in an ASL club,”可知，当其他学生对美国手语俱乐部表示出兴趣时，阿尔文被打动了。感动的原因即有来自于同学们的热情，也有来自于与同学们能够高效的沟通。故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：俱乐部已经对学生们与Elsey 交流的方式产生了影响。A. agree同意；B. fight打仗；C. compare对比；D. communicate交流。根据上文“Though Rhemy signs to communicate with others.”可知，俱乐部已经对学生们与Elsey交流的方式产生了影响。故选D项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们可以进行更自然的对话，这样Elsey就不会感到被孤立了。A. kids孩子；B. teachers老师；C. interpreters翻译，口译者；D. parents父母。根据上文“Rhemy Elsey, a fifth-grader”以及“Some of his fellow fifth-graders ”可知，五年的学生都是孩子。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们也在探索一种非常重要的文化。A. discussing讨论；B. exploring探索；C. saving节省；D. controlling控制。成立俱乐部，学习手语就是在探索一种文化。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：阿尔文说:他们没有意识到，通过参加这个俱乐部，他们正在学习……关于聋人文化的知识。A. breaking up分解；B. approving of同意；C. looking into调查；D. participating in参加。根据上文可知，成立了俱乐部，学习手语，所以通过参加这个俱乐部，他们正在学习……关于聋人文化的知识。故选D项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这确实给他们提供了一个他们以前没有意识到的另一种文化视角，所以他们从学习文化多样性以及对周围世界有更广阔的视角中受益匪浅。A. frequently频繁地；B. hardly几乎不；C. really真正地；D. suddenly突然地。本空用副词really“真正地”表示强调，来肯定成立俱乐部，学习手语所带来的意义。故选C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实给他们提供了一个他们以前没有意识到的另一种文化视角，所以他们从学习文化多样性以及对周围世界有更广阔的视角中受益匪浅。A. task任务；B. behavior行为；C. culture文化；D. opinion观点。根据“a very important culture.”可知，这确实给他们提供了一个他们以前没有意识到的另一种文化视角。故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这确实给了他们一个他们以前没有意识到的另一种文化视角，所以他们从学习文化多样性以及对周围世界有更广阔的视角中受益匪浅。A. fearing害怕；B. benefiting使受益；C. appreciating感激；D. ignoring忽略。根据“in terms of learning about diversity and having a broader perspective on the world around them.”可知，他们从学习文化多样性以及对周围世界有更广阔的视角中受益匪浅。故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】41. making 42. diets 43. actually 44. more 45. gained 46. but 47. to lose 48. that/which 49. with 50. evidence ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍富含高质量蛋白质的食物可以帮助你保持健康的体重，让你感到更长时间的饱腹感，并为你的锻炼提供额外的能量。一项研究表明，吃富含植物性蛋白质更容易减肥。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动名词作宾语。固定搭配：by doing sth.“通过做某事”。故填making。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：高蛋白饮食在身体所需的基本营养、维生素和纤维方面是不平衡的。根据谓语动词aren’t，可知句子主语用名词股复数，故填diets。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：然而，动物蛋白含量过高的饮食实际上会导致体重增加。此处lead是动词，由副词修饰，所给词actual是形容词，其副词是actually。故填actually。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：一项研究发现，那些吃更多红肉和加工肉类的人体重增加更多，大约每四年增加一磅，而那些在研究过程中吃更多坚果的人只增加了一半的体重。根据空格前后的more可知此处用比较级，故填more。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：一项研究发现，那些吃更多红肉和加工肉类的人体重增加更多，大约每四年增加一磅，而那些在研究过程中吃更多坚果的人只增加了一半的体重。根据“A study found that those who ate more red”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为those。故填gained。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：有些人能够在短期内通过高蛋白饮食来减肥，但这种减肥并不是因为吃了更多的动物蛋白，而只是因为摄入了更少的卡路里。固定搭配：not…but…“不是…而是”。故填but。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：一个更安全的减肥方法是减少糖的摄入和卡路里，同时保持营养均衡的饮食，富含植物性蛋白质。固定搭配：the way to do sth.“做某事的方法”。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to lose。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：一个更安全的减肥方法是减少糖的摄入和卡路里，同时保持营养均衡的饮食，富含植物性蛋白质。此处diet是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：对我们大多数人来说，每天摄入适量的全麦食物可以为我们提供所需的所有营养。固定搭配：provide sb. with sth.“提供给某人某物”。故填with。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：也没有证据表明粉末或棒状物中的蛋白质比食物中的蛋白质更能提高运动成绩。固定句型：There is no evidence that…“没有证据”。该句中no后面用名词，名词后面是that引导的同位语从句。故填evidence。‎ ‎【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词diet，再分析先行词diet在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词diet带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为 that/which。故48小题填that/which。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎【答案】1. Energy-saved →Energy-saving；2.were→are；3.for→of；4. suggest→suggests；5. easily→easy；6.that→it；7.在those前加that；8.and→but；9.去掉a；10.build→building ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。学校举办了“为节能社会尽一份力”活动，文章讲述同学们积极参与，积极提出合理化建议。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：最近，我们学校举办了“为节能社会尽一份力”活动。Energy-saving“节省能源的”，故把Energy-saved改成Energy-saving。‎ ‎2.考查一般现在时态。句意：我们的同学非常关注日益增长的能源不足问题，并提供建议。这里在说一个普遍存在的问题，是一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故把were改成are。‎ ‎3.考查固定词组。句意：我们的同学非常关注日益增长的能源不足问题，并提供建议。固定词组：a lack of“缺乏，缺少”。故把for改成of。‎ ‎4.考查主谓一致。句意：许多学生建议我们不应该浪费任何食物或纸张，尽管它们看起来很容易得到。many a+单数名词，作主语时后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故把suggest改成suggests。‎ ‎5.考查形容词。句意：许多学生建议我们不应该浪费任何食物或纸张，尽管它们看起来很容易得到。固定句式：主语+be+形容词+动词不定式。故把easily改成easy。‎ ‎6.考查it的用法。句意：其他一些学生认为拒绝使用塑料袋是明智的。此处it作形式宾语，而动词不定式作真正的宾语。故把that改成it。‎ ‎7.考查主语从句。句意：它还强烈建议那些用过的教科书不要扔掉，而是要回收利用。此处是it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，that不能省略，故在those前加that。‎ ‎8.考查并列连词。句意：句意：它还强烈建议那些用过的教科书不要扔掉，而是要回收利用。固定搭配：not…but…“不是……而是……”。故把and改成but。‎ ‎9.考查固定词组。固定词组：in good condition“情况良好”。此处condition是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故把a去掉。‎ ‎10.考查固定搭配。句意：最后，我们都相信，我们能够为建设一个更美好的世界作出更多的贡献。固定搭配：contribute to“有助于”。其中to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语，故把build改成building。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ Dear Jack，‎ Delighted that you are interested in the pictures concerning Chinese students doing house-work, I’m writing to share with you my present life in this aspect.‎ Personally, apart from online learning during the epidemic days, I take an active part in fulfilling my duty of doing housework. By making beds, sweeping the floor and watering flowers instead of my mother, I have not only gained some labour skills, but also felt a strong sense of achievement and self-satisfaction. I even came to find my talent of being a chef, which greatly pleases my parents, saying that they have never been so relaxed. Actually, doing housework helps me realize how much my parents have done for my comfortable life. That’s why I have decided to keep my family role as a life-long habit.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是一封书信。假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jack 在网上看到了中国学生疫情中做家务的照片，发来邮件想了解你的相关情况。请你回复邮件介绍一下。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1. 你做的家务；2. 家人的态度；3. 你的感受。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。‎ 根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语及句子有：be interested in ，do housework ，share… with…，apart from online learning， take an active part in， making beds，sweep the floor，water flowers，gain some labour skills，feel a strong sense of achievement and self-satisfaction，please my parents，Actually, doing housework helps me realize ‎ how much my parents have done for my comfortable life.。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second… And then，Finally，In the end，At last，Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition，as well as，not only…but (also)。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句：I even came to find my talent of being a chef, which greatly pleases my parents, saying that they have never been so relaxed. 这句话运用了which 引导的非限制定语从句；Actually, doing housework helps me realize how much my parents have done for my comfortable life. 这句话运用了how引导的宾语从句；That’s why I have decided to keep my family role as a life-long habit. 这句话运用了why引导的表语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如：be interested in，share… with…，apart from，take an active part in。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎