湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2020届高三押题考试英语试题 Word版含解析

湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2020届高三押题考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 华中师范大学第一附属中学 2020 年高考押题考试 英语 本试题卷共 12 页。全卷满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项: 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上 的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在 试题卷草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答 题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18 C. ￡9.15 答案是 C。 1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a shop. C. In sports center. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Why can’t use the gym on the first floor? W: Well, let me check for you. Sorry, sir. Your room price doesn’t cover it. 2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman say about the data of the article? - 2 - A. It is original. B. It is reliable. C. It is doubtful. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you believe it, Mary? The overuse of computers could increase the risk of cancer. W: Well, I read that article, too. But I doubt whether the data is reliable. 3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The colors of ties. B. The designs of ties. C. The numbers of ties. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: The ties are over there. They are in new designs and come in four colors: light blue, silver white, dark red and golden. M: Red and golden are popular among young people. I’d prefer the other two colors. 4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman suggest the man go downtown? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By air. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: What’s the best way to go downtown? W: If you’re in a hurry, you should take a taxi. But it’s very expensive. M: I’m in no particular hurry. W: Well, take an airport bus then. It will cost you only about f5. 5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman say about the boy? A. He can’t pass the exam this time. B. He has to review lessons at weekends. C. He failed to pass the exam last time. 【答案】B - 3 - 【解析】 【原文】M: Must I stay at home reviewing lessons even at weekends? W: Last time you did pass the exam unexpectedly, but don’t push your luck this time because it is much more difficult. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is George doing? A. Drawing pictures. B. Reading novels. C. Marking important parts. 7. What does George use green to mark? A. The main ideas. B. The difficult ideas. C. The important details. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: George. What are you doing? Drawing pictures? M: No, Mom. I’m marking the important parts of the book. The colors are for different things. W: Like what? M: Main ideas are yellow, important details to remember are pink, and the green is for difficult ideas. W: This seems like a lot of activities. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What does the woman think of herself? A. She has a weight problem. B. She will join a fitness center. - 4 - C. She has a big income. 9. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Do yoga at home. B. Watch free movies online. C. Keep running outside every day. 【答案】8. A 9. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Ben, why I’ve worked for five years, but my income can’t keep pace with expenses? M: Why do you say so? W: I keep on gaining weight, so I want to join a fitness center which costs over 10,000 yuan in annual fees. M: I can’t understand why you have to go there. You can buy a pair of sneakers or a yoga mat instead. W: Sounds good. So I can run in a park regularly or do yoga at home. M: Yes. There are many free online resources available. W: It is definitely a type of quality life. M: Of course. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Couples. C. Neighbors. 11. Why does the woman want to have garden? A. To fit in with others. B. To have parties in the garden. C. To make their house look better. 12. What flowers does the woman choose? A. Lilies. B. Roses. C. Sunflowers. 【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B 【解析】 - 5 - 【原文】W: I’d like to plant some flowers in the front yard. I noticed the other day that our house is the only one without a garden. M: Well, I am not sure. It will cost a lot of money and take a lot of time. Are you doing it just to fit in with everyone else? W: No, that’s not the reason. think their houses look nice with gardens. And I think ours would look better. M: You are right. OK, we can go to the flower center and pick out some things. What kind of flowers would you like to plant? I like lilies and sunflowers. W: I love roses, so I’d like to choose some of that. I’m determined to make our home look prettier. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Where did the man go to college? A. In England. B. In America. C. In Canada. 14. How old was the man most probably when he began to teach in a school? A. 35 years old. B. 30 years old. C. 25 years old. 15. What did the man write when he first began writing? A. Popular books. B. Poems for magazines. C. Articles for newspapers. 16. What does the woman do? A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A writer. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Where were you born, Ayden? M: I was born in London, but grew up in New York. W: Which university did you go to? M: My parents wanted me to stay in New York, but I decided to go back to England. I graduated from the University of Oxford with a degree in English literature. W: Did you want to be a writer when you were young? - 6 - M: No, I didn’t. I taught English in school just like you for about five years, but by the time I was 30, I wanted a fresh challenge. W: How did you start writing? M: I started writing articles for newspapers for fun, and finally I was asked to write a book, so I was pretty lucky. W: Are you writing a book now? M: Yes, it’s about a group of friends trapped on an island and all the strange experiences they have. W: Sounds interesting. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What caused the number of black bears to decrease? A. The fires. B. The pollution. C. The lack of food. 18. Where will the students have these trips? A. In a museum. B. In a park. C. In a zoo. 19. When can the students have Trip 2? A. On July 8. B. On July 15. C. On July 22. 20. What should students take in Trip 2? A. A backpack. B. A warm coat. C. A bright-colored hat. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】Hello, everyone. The summer vacation is coming. We offer two wonderful trips for you middle school students to enjoy your time. Trip is to provide some help in Black Bear Count. There have been fires in this area in the last few years and the Office of the National Park is not sure how many black bears are still living. So the Office has asked for young people to help count them on July 8 and July 15. The entire trip will last three hours and it is for free. Trip 2 is for people who are fond of adventure in the national park. Bring a cap with a light and a pair of glasses, and come for a night walk along the Dungog Valley on July 16 or July 22. A guide who - 7 - leads the tour will tell you about the lives of the animals you can see only at night. This walk lasts two and a half hours. Please bring enough water and food. Dress warmly for the night walk. Be sure to book early by telephone or on our website. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Rainforest is scattered along Australia’s east coast in western Tasmania, and small pockets across north Australia from Cape York to the Kimberley. Most of Australia’s rainforest-over million hectares -is in Queensland. Where can see rainforest? You can see rainforest in many national parks in Queensland. Some parks have facilities for bushwalking; others are suitable only for experienced walkers. If you would like to know more about rainforest, check with your local Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service Office. Threats to survival Weeds, fire, wild animals(pigs, dogs and cats), clearing for residential development, and visitor pressures(eg. littering)threaten remaining rainforest biodiversity. Fragmented rainforest is particularly under threat. Private landholders who have rainforest habitat on their property can help conserve this special ecosystem and the many plant and animal species living within it. How you can help Stay on walking tracks. Delicate ground cover plants are easily trampled. Clean your boots beforehand to avoid introducing soil virus. Remember, everything is protected. Don’t pick, break or remove any plants. Don’t feed native animals. Feeding is harmful and may lead to aggressive behavior. Leave the rainforest as you found it. Take your rubbish home with you. Buried rubbish uncovered by forest animals can harm them. - 8 - Leave your pets at home. They are not allowed in national parks and can chase, scare and kill animals. If you camp within the park， disturb the forest floor as little as possible. Don’t cut trees for tent poles or clear plants around your campsite. Only use fuel stoves when cooking in rainforests Nutrient recycling is critical in a rainforest so gathering leaf litter and dead branches for fires can cause damage. Don’t use soap, toothpaste, sunscreen or detergent in waterways. They pollute the water and harm aquatic animals. 21. How can you appreciate the rainforest in Queensland? A. By building facilities in the national parks. B. By accumulating experience of walking. C. By bushwalking in the national parks. D. By checking with the local people. 22. Which of the following contributes to the conservation if you are in the rainforest? A. Gathering dead branches for firewood. B. Cleaning your boots while walking. C. Burying rubbish in the rainforest. D. Keeping on the paths. 23. What is forbidden in the rainforest? A. Camping. B. Cooking. C. Walking your dog. D. Washing your hands. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在澳大利亚昆土兰参观热带雨林时的注意事项。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Where can see rainforest?”部分中“You can see rainforest in many national parks in Queensland. Some parks have facilities for bushwalking;”可知， - 9 - 可以通过山林徒步旅行来欣赏昆士兰热带雨林，故选 C 项。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How you can help”部分中“Stay on walking tracks. Delicate ground cover plants are easily trampled.”可知，脆弱的地面植被很容易被踩踏，所以待在人行 道观赏有助于保护雨林。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 推理判断题。根据“How you can help”部分中“Leave your pets at home. They are not allowed in national parks and can chase, scare and kill animals.”可知，国家公园 不允许带宠物，它们可能会追逐、惊吓、杀死动物，由此可知，C 项“遛狗”在雨林是不允许 的。故选 C 项。 B The cub(幼兽)learned quickly. If he met mother hen he would become angry, remembering the pecks on his nose from his first day out of a cave. Famine came again and for a while, neither mother or cub had anything to eat. Then one day, She-wolf brought home some meat! It was strange stuff, different from anything the cub had smelled or tasted before. And it was for him! Little could he know that his mother had taken the left fork by the stream, by the lair of the lynx(山 猫巢穴), and stolen kitten. As he finished his meal, he heard his mother snarling(咆 哮)in strange and terrible way. He shivered with fear. The lynx was mad with anger at the loss of her child and she had tracked She-wolf to her cave. In the glare of the afternoon light, the lynx crouched at the cave entrance. A coarse scream left no doubt what she meant to do. The cub and his mother were trapped! The lynx threw herself inside the cave, and She-wolf leaped upon her. Snarling and howling, the two mothers fought like crazy, the lynx pulling and tearing with her teeth and claws, She-wolf using her teeth alone. Seeing his mother in such danger, the cub sank his teeth into the wild cat’s leg. Although he didn’t know it, this is probably what saved their lives. The lynx beat at the cub, tearing his shoulder, but he had slowed her down. After a brief, cruel fight, She-wolf put an end to her once and for all. - 10 - They had won, but at a price. The cub licked his mother’s wounds. He knew she was weak and sick. For a week she never left the cave. Then at last, her strength returned and she was ready to hunt again. This time, the cub went with her. She-wolf noticed a change in her child. He had complete faith in himself from their victory over the lynx. They had fought a wild cat and lived! The cub now knew another law of the wild-eat or to be eaten: kill or to be killed. 24. What can be inferred about the cub from Paragraph 1 and 2? A. A mother hen once attacked him. B. He shared the meat with She-wolf. C. The cub didn’t like the strange meat. D. He could obtain meat secretly. 25. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “crouched” in Paragraph 4? A. Fought. B. Tracked. C. Hid. D. Trapped. 26. What mostly helped She-wolf and the cub win the fight against the lynx? A. The lynx fighting with her teeth and claws. B. The cub biting into the leg of the lynx. C. The three being wounded seriously. D. She-wolf using her sharp teeth. 27. What did the cub get from the victory? A. Carefulness. B. Strength. C. Friendship. D. Confidence. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。母狼幼崽和它母亲共同力战寻仇而来的山猫，最终取得了胜利。幼崽由此 体会到了丛林的生存法则：吃或被吃，杀或被杀。 【24 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“remembering the pecks on his nose from his first day out of a cave.”如果他遇到母鸡，他会生气的，想起他第一天从山洞里出来时鼻子上的啄痕。可推 - 11 - 知，幼崽曾经被母鸡袭击过，故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句“The cub and his mother were trapped!”可知，幼崽 和它的母亲被困在了洞里，说明 the lynx(山猫)藏在洞穴入口等待母狼和它的幼崽，所以 “crouched”的意思是“躲藏”。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“Seeing his mother in such danger, the cub sank his teeth into the wild cat’s leg. Although he didn’t’ know it, this is probably what saved their lives.”可知，幼崽看到母亲处于如此危险的境地，就咬住了山猫的腿。这招可能救 了它和它母亲的命，所以是幼崽咬了山猫的腿帮助它们赢得这场战斗。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She-wolf noticed change in her child. He had complete faith in himself from their victory over the lynx.”可知，幼崽从对山猫的胜利中赢 得了对自己的信心，故选 D 项。 C Ever since the beginning of human civilization, we are trying to reduce manual efforts by making simple to extremely complex machines. The next step in the same process is robotics and automation. Robotics and automation is a field with abundant potential. It expands its scope from household applications to solving mysteries of the Universe to curing untreatable medical conditions. Up until the beginning of 2020, robots of any kind are made up of nor-living materials. Recently scientists from the University of Vermont & Tufts University introduced Xenobots, which have opened a whole new Universe for this field. Xenobots are the world’s first living and self-healing microbots. These robots are designed with the help of computer-generated- evolutionary algorithm(算法). The living cells used for its creation are skin, heart and stem cell from the African frog embryos(胚 胎). These microbots are very basic in nature, made up entirely from the organic substance. They can move forward, turn around, spin in circles and flip over. They are smaller than a millimetre and can travel inside the human body. Just imagine the - 12 - possibilities we will have, once scientist is able to teach Xenobots to do the desired task. One day they even might be able to fight cancer cells. They will be able to clear microplastics in the oceans and lots more. But if these bots are a life form, why are we calling them robots? This is because scientists are designing them to move or work according to their wills. A certain arrangement for skin and heart cells in an Xenobot will make it move in a straight line, while a different arrangement of the same cells will be required to move them in circular motions. Xenobots are positively a great step. Scientists are also calling them a brand new life form on the planet. The future is unseen but is undoubtedly full of countless possibilities. 28. Which of the following is the potential of the robotics? A. Making complex machines. B. Reducing manual efforts. C. Expanding our scopes. D. Clearing space mysteries. 29. Where do Xenobots differ from the other previous robots? A. In nature. B. In size. C. In movement. D. In materials. 30. What are Xenobots able to do already now? A. Travel inside the human body. B. Create new life. C. Fight cancer cells. D. Clear microplastics in the oceans. 31. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of Xenobots? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving. 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。科学家最近发明了世界上第一个活体机器人——能够自我修复的微型机器 人 Xenobot。该机器人具有无限潜力，可以用来解决宇宙奥秘和治疗无法治愈的疾病等。 【28 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Robotics and automation is a field with abundant potential. - 13 - It expands its scope from household applications to solving mysteries of the Universe to curing untreatable medical conditions.机器人与自动化是一个极具潜力的领域:从家 庭应用扩展到解决宇宙奥秘，再到治疗无法治愈的疾病。可知，解开太空之谜是机器人技术 潜力所在中的一个方面。故选 D 项。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Up until the beginning of 2020, robots of any kind are made up of non-living- materials 直到 2020 年初，任何种类的机器人都是由非生物材料构成的。 以及 Xenobots are the world’s first living and self-healing- microbots. Xenobots 是世界上第一个活的能够自我修复的微型机器人。可知，最近科学家发明的 Xenobot 机器人 与之前的机器人在制作材料上不同。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 These microbots are very basic in nature, made up entirely from the organic substance. They can move forward, turn around, spin in circles and flip over. They are smaller than a millimetre and can travel inside the human body. 这些微型机器人完全由有机物质组成，它们可以向前移动转身、旋转和翻转；它们小于一毫 米，可以在人体内移动。可知，Xenobots 机器人现在能在人体内移动。故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The future is unseen but is undoubtedly full of countless possibilities. 未来是看不见的，但无疑充满了无数的可能性。可知，作者对 Xenobots 的 未来态度是积极的。故选 B 项。 D Although you can possibly get by as a tourist in weeks, mastering a language is a long-term commitment taking years, not months. The FSI has classified languages in degrees of difficulty for English speakers. Chinese takes approximately 88 weeks or 2,200 hours ranking top 5 along with Arabic, Korean and Japanese. Each Chinese dialect is effectively another language but Mandarin(Putonghua in Chinese, which means the common language)is considered the official tongue in modern China. They all share roughly one evolving writing system, referred to as written language invented for administering a large, diverse empire. To complicate(使复杂)the matter further, there are two main types of written - 14 - Chinese characters under the same writing system: the traditional Chinese used in Hong Kong and Taiwan and the simplified Chinese in mainland China. For example, fly is written as 飛 in traditional Chinese and 飞 in simplified Chinese. They’re basically the same character written in two different ways but pronounced differently when spoken in different dialects. Each written word when spoken is mutually incomprehensible between a Mandarin speaker in Beijing and a Cantonese speaker in Hong Kong. If you think that’s odd, consider our number system: the symbol “9” is universally recognized but it’s pronounced “nine” in English and “devet” in Slovenian. Every word must be memorized separately as you can’t guess its pronunciation from the script-but one could say the same of English if you consider plough, dough and tough. Meanwhile, dictionaries list words according to stroke(笔画)count. These go from one to over 60 strokes. The archaic character zhé- which appropriately, means “verbose” - has 64 strokes. And then there are the pronunciation challenges. There are four tones in Mandarin: high pitch (say G in a musical scale), rising pitch(like from C to G), falling(from G to C)and falling low then rising(C to B to G)- and if you think that’s difficult, there are nine tones in Cantonese. In Mandarin, there is a whole poem, “The Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den” with just the syllable “shi” repeated 107 times in various tones. In other words, if you are tone-deaf you might as well give up now. 32. What do all Chinese dialects have in common? A. They were invented by the emperor. B. They have the same writing system. C. They evolve in the same way. D. They serve the same purpose. 33. Why does the author mention the symbol “9” in Paragraph 4? A. To prove different pronunciations of Chinese dialects B. To indicate the similarities in all languages. - 15 - C. To show that Chinese is an odd language. D. To compare English with Slovenian. 34. What challenge does the author think is difficult to overcome? A. Complicated scripts and strokes. B. Different types of characters. C. Various tones. D. Too many dialects. 35. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Chinese has different dialects. B. Chinese is very difficult to learn. C. Chinese is an ever-developing language. D. Chinese sounds like music and poems. 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 本文属于说明文。文章主要讲了汉语是一门非常难学的语言。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 They all share roughly one evolving writing system, referred to as written language invented for administering a large, diverse empire.（它们 都有大致相同的书写体系，被称为书写语言，用来管理一个庞大而多样的国度。）由此可知， 所有的中国方言的共同之处在于它们有相同的书写体系。故选 B。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段 Each written word when spoken is mutually incomprehensible between a Mandarin speaker in Beijing and a Cantonese speaker in Hong Kong. If you think that’s odd, consider our number system: the symbol “9” is universally recognized but it’s pronounced “nine” in English and “devet” in Slovenian.（在 北京说普通话的人和在香港说广东话的人，说出来的每一个字都是彼此无法理解的。如果你 觉得这很奇怪，想想我们的数字系统:“9”是公认的符号，但它在英语中发音为“nine”， 在斯洛文尼亚语中发音为“devet”。）由此推断出，作者在第四段提到符号“9” ，是为了 证明汉语方言的不同发音。故选 A。 【34 题详解】 - 16 - 细节理解题。文章最后一段 And then there are the pronunciation challenges. There are four tones in Mandarin: high pitch (say G in a musical scale), rising pitch(like from C to G), falling(from G to C)and falling low then rising(C to B to G)- and if you think that’s difficult, there are nine tones in Cantonese.（然后还有发音的挑战。 普通话有四个音调:高音(比如音阶中的 G)、升音(比如从 C 到 G)、降音(从 G 到 C)、降低音再 升音(从 C 到 B 到 G)——如果你觉得这很难，广东话有九个音调。）以及 In other words, if you are tone-deaf you might as well give up now.（换句话说，如果你是音盲，你最好 现在就放弃。）由此可知，作者认为不同的音调的挑战是难以克服的。故选 C。 【35 题详解】 主旨大意题。作者在第一段就点明了全文主题 Chinese takes approximately 88 weeks or 2,200 hours ranking top 5 along with Arabic, Korean and Japanese.（汉语、阿拉伯语、 韩语和日语排在前五名需要大约 88 周(2200 小时)的时间。）并且作者在结尾段也对主题做出 了呼应，In other words, if you are tone-deaf you might as well give up now.（换句 话说，如果你是音盲，你最好现在就放弃。）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了中文很难 学。故选 B。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Set your clocks for 4:32 pm(eastern time)on May 27th, 2020. If everything goes as planned, a rocket will launch from Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. ___36___ So what’s the big deal? The big deal is collection of firsts set to blast off on the 27th of May. The first humans carried aboard a rocket developed by a private company. The first humans aboard a reusable rocket. Ever since the opening days of the space age, NASA has designed, built, and flown its very own rockets, and capsules. ___37___ The privately-held company Space X will be providing the big rocket boost(加湿器)needed to get NASA’s astronauts to the space, aboard a Falcon 9 rocket topped with a Dragon crew capsule. ___38___ It is trying to make access to space cheaper, chiefly through the use of reusable rockets- once the payload is delivered into orbit, bring the rocket back down the Earth and polish it up for another ride. In the meantime, NASA has spent the past decade in a highly bureaucratic version - 17 - of hell. After the sad end of the space shuttle program in 2011, the American space agency was forced to rent seats on Russian made and Russian launched Soyuz rockets to get astronauts up to the International Space Station. ___39___ And now, if everything goes as planned on May 27th, we will make human access to space cheaper, more reliable, and absolutely easier. ___40___ Space tourism? Moon bases? I would say that the sky is limit, but the sky is just the start. A. But this time, it’s different. B. Rockets go off all the time from the Earth. C. This made for great wounded national pride. D. Most of the astronauts haven’t made it up into space. E. Space X has spent the past decades working tirelessly. F. NASA has been developing a new space launch system. G. It’s impossible to say what kind of revolutions that might lead to. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. E 39. C 40. G 【解析】 本文属于说明文。美国东部时间 2020 年 5 月 27 日下午 4:32，一枚火箭将从佛罗里达州卡纳 维拉尔角的肯尼迪航天中心发射升空。短文介绍了此次火箭发射的意义。 【36 题详解】 根据上文：把你的时钟定在 2020 年 5 月 27 日下午 4:32 吧。如果一切按计划进行，一枚火箭 将从佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角的肯尼迪航天中心发射升空。本空后面谈到:这有什么了不起 呢？由此本空选 B，表示:火箭一直都是从地球发射的呀。该句起到了承上启下的作用。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 根据上文：从宇航时代开始，火箭和飞船都是由 NASA 设计建造和发射的。但这次不一样。下 文提及是由私人公司发射的。故 A 选项“但这一次，情况有所不同”切题。故选 A 。 【38 题详解】 根据上文:Space X 公司将为美国国家航空航天局的宇航员提供所需的火箭助推器，搭载一枚 顶部装有”龙”号太空舱的猎鹰 9 号火箭，本段应该接着谈 Space X。本空的下一句是对本空 的解释，说明他们的目的，故 E 选项“Space X 在过去的几十年里不知疲倦地工作着”切题。 故选 E。 - 18 - 【39 题详解】 根据上文:2011 年航天飞机项目结束后，美国航天局被迫租用俄罗斯制造和俄罗斯发射的 Soyuz 火箭的座位，将宇航员送上国际空间站。本空选 C，与前一句是因果关系。故 C 选项“这 件事使美国民族自尊心受到了很大的伤害”切题。故选 C。 【40 题详解】 根据下文连续有两个反问进行举例:太空旅游？月球基地？选项承接下文。故 G 选项“很难说 太空飞行会带来什么样的革命”切题。故选 G。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 It's graduation season, and I think of Fran, a student years ago. She worked hard, but she ___41___. So I tutored Fran during lunches, but then, she stopped ___42___. I asked why she no longer came. She said, "It's no use. I'm not going to college ___43___ Mum says I'd go to trade school and work." "Is that what you want?" I asked. She looked up and the ___44___ in her eyes shook me. ___45___, I didn't know what to say. Platitudes（陈词滥调）about the value of college seemed ___46___ at the moment. So I turned to ___47___. "Fran, you must pass my class. So, I am ___48___ you at lunch time tomorrow. No ___49___.” She nodded and walked away. When Fran ____50____ turned up, I said, "You can go to ____51____ if you want to. You're getting much better at writing." But she kept ____52____. I wasn't getting through to her. After reflection, I changed my ____53____. Instead of insisting she consider college, I helped her ____54____ what college would be like. At graduation, I watched proudly as she marched ____55____ the stage. After the ceremony, I ____56____ to congratulate several students. Fran rushed to me “Mr Jackson, I thank you for ____57____ me. I wanted badly to go to college, but no one told me I could except you. Now I made it." I was so ____58____ of Fran at that moment and it often ____59____ me of why we - 19 - do what we do. Schools should be places where students discover they have options and ____60____ their options. That is why we're here. 41. A. improved B. struggled C. withdrew D. conflicted 42. A. showing up B. moving off C. coming up D. dropping by 43. A. anyway B. otherwise C. instead D. yet 44. A. enthusiasm B. pity C. pain D. flames 45. A. Surprisingly B. Generally C. Honestly D. Strangely 46. A. vague B. practical C. natural D. empty 47. A. authority B. argument C. standard D. consensus 48. A. requiring B. instructing C. expecting D. checking 49. A. explanation B. excuse C. escape D. way 50. A. dutifully B. consistently C. cheerfully D. accidentally 51. A. work B. class C. school D. college 52. A. calm B. silent C. clumsy D. still 53. A. approach B. attitude C. decision D. principle 54. A. relate B. experience C. picture D. reflect 55. A. through B. across C. over D. beyond 56. A. turned around B. looked on C. held back D. stuck around 57. A. choosing B. trusting C. comforting D. persuading 58. A. confident B. certain C. thoughtful D. proud 59. A. informs B. warns C. reminds D. - 20 - convinces 60. A. transform B. simplify C. share D. expand 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. B 58. D 59. C 60. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者鼓励一个学生坚持学习并上大学的故事。 【41 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她努力学习，但是学得很吃力。A. improved 提高，改善；B. struggled 挣扎；C. withdrew 撤退；D. conflicted 冲突。根据转折词“but”及下一句“So I tutored Fran during lunches”可知，此处指她学的“吃力”。故选 B 项。 【42 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我在午饭期间也辅导 Fran，但后来，她没有出现。A. showing up 出现，露面；B. moving off 动身离开；C. coming up 走进，上来；D. dropping by 顺便 拜访。根据下一句“I asked why she no longer came.”可知，此处指她没再“出现”。故 选 A 项。 【43 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“它没有用。无论如何我也不会去上大学。妈妈说我会上 贸易学校然后工作。”A. anyway 无论如何，不管怎样；B. otherwise 否则；C. instead 相 反；D. yet 还。根据“Mum says I'd go to trade school and work.”并结合上文 Fran 没 再来辅导可知，此处指 Fran 认为自己“无论如何”也不能上大学。故选 A 项。 【44 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她抬起头，眼里的痛苦使我震惊。A. enthusiasm 热情；B. pity 遗憾，可惜；C. pain 痛苦；D. flames 火焰。根据下文 Fran 说的话“I wanted badly to go to college”可知，当作者问她“Is that what you want?”时，她眼睛里应是“痛苦”。 故选 C 项。 【45 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我不知道说什么。A. Surprisingly 令人惊讶地；B. Generally 一般地，通常地；C. Honestly 诚实地；D. Strangely 奇怪地。此处指“老实说”。 故选 C 项。 - 21 - 【46 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于大学作用的陈词滥调当时显得很空洞。A. vague 模糊的；B. practical 实用的；C. natural 自然的；D. empty 空洞的，无意义的。根据前一句“I didn't know what to say”可知，此处指陈词滥调的那些大道理当时显得很“空洞”。故选 D 项。 【47 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我转向权威。A. authority 权威；B. argument 争论；C. standard 标准；D. consensus 舆论。根据下文作者说的话“Fran, you must pass my class.” 可知，作者用作为老师的“权威”让 Fran 继续上课。故选 A 项。 【48 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以明天午饭时间我期待着你。A. requiring 需要；B. instructing 命令，指导；C. expecting 期待；D. checking 检查。上文提到作者在午饭时间辅导 Fran， 所以此处指明天午饭时间作者“期待”着 Fran。故选 C 项。 【49 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有借口。A. explanation 解释；B. excuse 借口，理由；C. escape 逃脱；D. way 方法。根据上文作者对 Fran 说的话“you must pass my class”可知，此处作 者说不要有“借口”。故选 B 项。 【50 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当 Fran 出现时，我对她说：“如果你想，你可以上大学。”A. dutifully 忠实地，尽职尽责地；B. consistently 一贯地；C. cheerfully 欢乐地，愉快地； D. accidentally 偶然地。根据上文“She nodded”可知，Fran 答应继续接受辅导，此处指 Fran“忠实于”自己的话，午饭时间出现了。故选 A 项。 【51 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当 Fran 出现时，我对她说：“如果你想，你可以上大学。”A. work 工作；B. class 课堂；C. school 学校；D. college 大学。根据下文“You're getting much better at writing.”及“insisting she consider college”可知，作者坚持认为 Fran 应 该上大学，此处是鼓励她如果想就可以“上大学”。故选 D 项。 【52 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她一直沉默。A. calm 冷静的；B. silent 沉默的；C. clumsy 笨拙的；D. still 仍然。根据“I wasn't getting through to her.”可知，面对作者的话， Fran 一直保持“沉默”。故选 B 项。 - 22 - 【53 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：反思之后，我改变了方法。A. approach 方法；B. attitude 态度； C. decision 决定；D. principle 原则。根据下一句“Instead of insisting she consider college”可知，作者不再一味劝她考虑上大学，所以此处指改变了“方法”。故选 A 项。 【54 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不再一味坚持让她考虑大学，我帮助她描绘大学生活是什么样的。 A. relate 使……有联系；B. experience 经历，体验；C. picture 描绘，想象；D. reflect 反映。此处指作者帮助 Fran“描绘、想象”大学的生活。故选 C 项。 【55 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在毕业典礼上，当她走过舞台时我自豪地看着。A. through 通过； B. across 穿过；C. over 翻过，越过；D. beyond 超过。此处指 Fran“走过”舞台，应使用 across，强调在某物表面上的的运动。故选 B 项。 【56 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：典礼之后，我停留了一会儿祝贺几个学生。A. turned around 转 身；B. looked on 旁观；C. held back 组织，保留；D. stuck around 停留。根据“congratulate several students”可知，典礼结束后作者没有离开，“停留”了一会儿。故选 D 项。 【57 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Fran 跑向我：“Jackson 先生，我感谢你信任我。”A. choosing 选择；B. trusting 信任；C. comforting 安慰；D. persuading 说服。根据上文作者的言行 及下文“but no one told me I could except you”可知，作者“相信”Fran 能上大学。故 选 B 项。 【58 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时我对 Fran 如此自豪，所以它经常提醒我，我们做事情的意 义是什么。A. confident 自信的；B. certain 肯定的；C. thoughtful 体贴的；D. proud 自 豪地。根据上文“At graduation, I watched proudly as she marched ___15___ the stage.” 可知，作者为 Fran 感到自豪，此处是词汇复现。故选 D 项。 【59 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我对 Fran 如此自豪，所以它经常提醒我，我们做事情的意义 是什么。A. informs 通知；B. warns 警告；C. reminds 提醒；D. convinces 使信服。此处 指“提醒”我们做事情的意义是什么。故选 C 项。 - 23 - 【60 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校应该是学生发现他们有什么选择并扩大他们的选择的地方。A. transform 转变；B. simplify 简化；C. share 分享；D. expand 扩大。根据文章内容，Fran 坚持学业后，能够自己选择上大学，所以此处指学校是个“扩大”选择的地方。故选 D 项。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Czech people are really good at celebrating and holding ___61___(party）. As I graduated this year, I experienced a lot of this firsthand. The greatest event for us was the prom(毕业舞会)___62___(intend)for graduating students. Many girls started to get their gowns(礼服)ready a month ___63___ advance. Graduating students also needed to give their ''Midnight Surprise'', a group ___64___(perform). At the end of April, we held the traditional activity called ''The Last Ringing'', which lasted for two days.___65___ impressed us most was that some graduates prepared ___66___(taste)desserts and food to sell, wearing different costumes. By the end of May, we had finished all of the final exams and we started preparing for the graduation ceremony. It ___67___(hold)successfully in the conference hall in our school. Many parents came, too. At ___68___ ceremony, we got our graduation certificate from our class teacher. When ___69___(receive)my certificate, I tried ____70____(fight)back my tears-I didn't want to say goodbye to my teachers and classmates. 【答案】61. parties 62. intended 63. in 64. performance 65. What 66. tasty 67. was held 68. the 69. receiving 70. to fight 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了学生毕业典礼活动以及作者的心理感受。 【61 题详解】 - 24 - 考查名词单复数。party“聚会”是可数名词，结合语境可知，此处不止一次聚会，应用复数 形式，故填 parties。 【62 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语 prom 和 intend 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填 intended。 【63 题详解】 考查介词。此处是短语 in advance“提前”，故填 in。 【64 题详解】 考查名词。根据 a，判断此处应填名词单数形式，结合语境，可知此处为“一个团队表演”， 故填 performance。 【65 题详解】 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，这里的________ impressed us most 是主语从句，本空 在从句中作主语，表示“让我们印象最深的事情”，句子第一个单词的首字母大写，故填 What。 【66 题详解】 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词，修饰名词 desert and food，tasty“美味的”， 故填 tasty。 【67 题详解】 考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，又此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般 过去时，主语 it 指代上文的 graduation ceremony 和 hold 之间是被动关系，应用一般过去 时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填 was held。 【68 题详解】 考查冠词。结合上下文可知，此处特指上文提到的 graduation ceremony，应用定冠词修饰， 故填 the。 【69 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填填非谓语动词和 when 一起构成时间状语，逻辑主 语 I 和 receive 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填 receiving。 【70 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：当我拿到毕业证的时候，我强忍住泪水——我不想跟老师和同学说再见。 此处是固定短语 try to do sth.“努力做某事”，故填 to fight。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) - 25 - 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 It was The Dragon Boat Festival on last Thursday. My parents and me visited my grandparents and spend the day with them. When we arrived, they were making Zongzi, what is kind of traditional food for the festival. I was such curious about it that wanted to have a try. So my grandma taught me how to wrap glutinous rices in bamboo leaves as well as tell the story of Qu Yuan to me. I was moved because Qu Yuan was true loyal to his state. The wrapping job was difficult, and I managed to make some. Not only did I enjoy a great time with my family but also I learned a new skill. How exciting experience it was! 【答案】1. 删除 on 2. me→ I 3. spend→ spent 4. what→ which 5. such→ so 6. rices→ rice 7. tell→ telling 8. true→ truly 9. and→ but 10. 在 exciting 后加 an 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了端午节作者和父母去看望祖父母时，向奶奶学习包粽子的技能。 【详解】1. 考查介词。根据 last Thursday 可知此处是在“last(next)+时间”结构中，介 词多余，不用介词。故将 on 去掉。 - 26 - 2. 考查代词。根据 My parents and 可知该词处于句子主语位置上，要用其主格。故将 me 改 为 I。 3. 考查时态。句意：我的父母和我去看望了我的祖父母，和他们一起度过了一天。根据 visited my grandparents and 可知时态是一般过去时，spend 与 visited 是并列谓语动词，因此要用 动词的过去式。故将 spend 改为 spent。 4. 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：当我们到达的时候，他们正在包粽子，这是节日 的一种传统食物。这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Zongzi，因此要用 which 指代前 面的 Zongzi，且在从句中作主语，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将 what 改为 which。 5. 考查结果状语从句。句意：我对它如此好奇，以至于我想试一试。此处用 so，修饰形容词 curious。固定搭配 so …that… 意为“如此…以至于…”。故将 such 改为 so。 6. 考查名词单复数。rice 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将 rices 改为 rice。 7. 考查动名词。句意：所以我的奶奶教我如何用竹叶包糯米，并给我讲屈原的故事。固定短 语 as well as 相当于介词短语 in addition to，后面接动名词形式。故将 tell 改为 telling。 8. 考查副词。根据该词后面是形容词 loyal ，可知此处要用副词修饰形容词。故将 true 改 为 truly。 9. 考查连词。根据 The wrapping job was difficult 与下文的关系，可知此处表示转折关 系，表示“包粽子很困难，但是我还是包了几个”。故将 and 改为 but。 10. 考查感叹句。句意：那是多么令人兴奋的一次经历啊！感叹句的句型：What+a/an+形容 词+单数可数名词+其它！=how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+其它！根据名词 experience 是以 元音因素开头，可知此处要用冠词 an 修饰名词。故在 exciting 后加 an。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 72.假设你是李华，你校即将举办一场孔子思想讲座，主题是“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省 也”。请写邮件邀请对中国传统文化感兴趣的交换生 Jim 听讲座，内容包括: 1.时间、地点； 2.讲座主题； 3.可能的收获。 注意: 1.词数 100 左右 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:《论语》The Analects of Confucius 儒家思想 Confucianism - 27 - ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, Good news for you! There will be a lecture about Confucious next week in our school. Since you are very interested in Chinese culture, this is a good chance for you to get a glimpse of its origin- Confucianism. The lecture is scheduled to be held at 6 pm next Friday, in Lecture Hall I. You know we modern Chinese get to know the ideas of Confucious from the book The Analects of Confucius, which keeps a record of his ideas and thoughts about politics and life. The invited professor will focus on one of Confucious’ sayings - When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves. After the lecture, you will know what we Chinese follow in our private life and what shapes our personality. We are a people who are good at reflecting on our thoughts and behaviours. If you are interested in the lecture, remember to be in Lecture Hall I at 6 pm next Friday. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给交换生 Jim 写信，邀请他参加学校即将举办的一场关于孔 子思想的讲座。 【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主 结构：总分总 要求： 1.时间、地点 2.讲座主题 - 28 - 3.可能的收获 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） be interested in/ be scheduled/keep a record/ focus on/ shape/ reflect/ remember to do sth./ worth 第三步：连词成句 1. Good news for you! 2. There will be a lecture about Confucious next week in our school. 3. Knowing that you are very interested in Chinese culture, I think it is a good chance for you to get a glimpse of its origin- Confucianism. 4. The lecture is scheduled to be held at 6 pm next Friday, in Lecture Hall I. 5.You know we modern Chinese get to know the ideas of Confucious from the book The Analects of Confucius, which keeps a record of his ideas and thoughts about politics and life. 6. The invited professor will focus on one of Confucious’ sayings - When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves. 7. After the lecture, you will know what we Chinese follow in our private life and what shapes our personality. 8. We are a people who are good at reflecting on our thoughts and behaviours. 9. If interested in the lecture, remember to be in Lecture Hall I at 6 pm next Friday. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：You know we modern Chinese get to know the ideas of Confucious from the book The Analects of Confucius, which keeps a record of his ideas and thoughts about politics and life.中 which 引导非限制性定 - 29 - 语从句；After the lecture, you will know what we Chinese follow in our private life and what shapes our personality.中 what 引导宾语从句。 - 30 -