2018-2019学年湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

绝密★启用前 湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 评卷人 得分 一、阅读理解 Temples have existed for thousands of years. They are the proof of cultures and civilization that existed many years ago.‎ Gobekli Tepe, Turkey Located on a hilltop in southwestern Turkey where it snows a lot in winter, the Gobekli Tepe is considered the world’s oldest temple. It is nearly 11,000 years old. There are carvings on the rock statues, mainly of lions, foxes, snakes, cranes and wild ducks, as well as scenes of people hunting. Because heavy snow makes it hard to get to the top of the hill, visitors are not recommended to go there in winters.‎ White Temple, Thailand Immediately upon entering White Temple, you will realize this contemporary, unconventional temple stands out, even in a country dotted with temples. The White Temple is incredibly different and unique in its architecture, art and design. In fact, it is designed in a very modern way. This temple is all white. It is very hot in summer in Thailand, so going to White Temple in other three seasons is a wise choice.‎ Sagrada Familia, Spain This symbolic Barcelona building is famously unfinished. It is said to be finished by 2026, but no body believes it. However, visitors believe its incompleteness is part of its charm, which sets it apart from other temples in the world. You will have to wait in a long line if you visit Sagrada Familia in summer holiday. Visitors are not that many in spring and winter.‎ Kinkaku-ji, Japan This temple is absolutely the most popular one in Japan. Whether you visit during the fall when there are red leaves against the golden wall, in winter when the gold is topped with pure white snow, in spring with cherry blossoms, or in summer allowing you to smell the earthy smell after rain – there is never a bad time to visit this beautiful temple.‎ ‎1．Which temple will you choose to go if you are a fan of modern architecture?‎ A．Gobekli Tepe. B．White Temple.‎ C．Sagrada Familia. D．Kinkaku-ji.‎ ‎2．What makes Sagrada Familia special according to the passage?‎ A．It is unfinished. B．It is all white.‎ C．It is the oldest temple. D．It is untraditional.‎ ‎3．Which temple is favorable to go all year round?‎ A．Gobekli Tepe. B．White Temple.‎ C．Sagrada Familia. D．Kinkaku-ji.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1． B ‎ ‎2． A ‎ ‎3． D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个不同国家的寺庙。‎ ‎1．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The White Temple is incredibly different and unique in its architecture, art and design. In fact, it is designed in a very modern way.”可知，泰国的White Temple的设计非常现代，现代建筑迷应该参观这里，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This symbolic Barcelona building is famously unfinished.”可知，西班牙的Sagrada Familia的特别之处在于它还没有完工，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“there is never a bad time to visit this beautiful temple.”可知，日本的Kinkaku-ji一年四季都适合参观，故D项正确。‎ Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen? According to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing users’ profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the same products to different users with different prices.‎ Companies also try other ways to make money, making online consumption far more worrying.‎ ‎ For example, video websites always offer 120 seconds’ advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to “enjoy” 15-second “private” ads. By broadcasting them, companies make huge profits --- second to the membership fees. Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services. Users seem to be lambs(羊羔) among wolves. Even though they say,” Since you have money, I’ll charge you more”, we can’t do anything about it.‎ It pains us that we haven’t figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not finding a way to fight back, we can’t do anything but accept them passively.‎ ‎4．How does big data serve companies according to the text?‎ A．By being kind to all users.‎ B．By giving a discount to stable users.‎ C．By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.‎ D．By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.‎ ‎5．What do we know from the third paragraph?‎ A．Membership can rid you of all the ads.‎ B．Only by being a VIP can you get a better service.‎ C．The slow download speed is due to your poor network.‎ D．Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.‎ ‎6．What is the author’ attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back?‎ A．Uncertain. B．Casual.‎ C．Negative. D．Positive.‎ ‎7．What is the main idea of the text?‎ A．The big data provides helpful information to users.‎ B．We have to accept online consumption as it is.‎ C．There exist many online consumption traps.‎ D．Regular customers are richer.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎4． D ‎ ‎5． B ‎ ‎6． C ‎ ‎7． C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，消费者只能被动地接受。‎ ‎4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service.”可知，大数据向老顾客推荐同类中价格较高的产品，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services.”可知，只有成为高级会员你才能得到更好的服务，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Not finding a way to fight back, we can’t do anything but accept them passively.”可知，找不到反击的办法，我们只能被动地接受，由此可知，作者对反击的机会持消极的态度，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers.”可知，本文主要介绍了很多网上的电商平台存在消费陷阱，欺骗消费者，故C项正确。‎ Antarctica(南极洲)’s melting ice, which has caused global sea levels to rise by at least 13.8 millimeters over the past 40 years, was thought to primarily come from the unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS). Now, scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS)—considered largely unaffected by climate change—may also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed.‎ The WAIS, whose base is below sea level, has long been considered the most likely to break down. Besides gravity, a deep current of warm water slips beneath the sheet, melting it from below until it becomes a floating shelf at risk of breaking away. In contrast, extreme cold and a base mostly above sea level are thought to keep the EAIS relatively safe from warm waters.‎ But as greenhouse gases warm much of the planet, driving stronger polar winds, some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to invade East Antarctica’s once unassailable ice. A cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year, published in Nature, estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992 to 2017.‎ Eric Rignot of the University of California, Irvine, and colleagues combined 40 years of satellite imagery and climate modeling and found that overall Antarctica now sends six times more ice into the sea each year than it did in 1979, with the majority coming from West Antarctica. But East Antarctica was responsible for more than 30% of Antarctica’s contribution to the 13.8-millimeter sea level rise over the past 40 years. “The more we look at this system the more we realize this is fragile,” Rignot says. “Once these glaciers become unstable there is no red button to press to stop it.”‎ Rignot hopes the study brings greater attention to a part of Antarctica that has traditionally been understudied. Helen Fricker, a glaciologist (冰川学家) in California, agrees. “We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just can’t do that without international cooperation.”‎ ‎8．What is the new finding of scientists?‎ A．The east Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate.‎ B．The west Antarctica is melting six times faster than in 1979.‎ C．5 billion tons of ice is added to Antarctica each year.‎ D．The sea level has risen by 13.8 mm over the past 40 years.‎ ‎9．Which factor leads to the EAIS’s melting fast?‎ A．A base mostly over sea level. B．The force of gravity.‎ C．The invasion of a warm current. D．Extremely low temperature.‎ ‎10．Which of the following best explains “unassailable” underlined in Para. 3 ?‎ A．Fragile. B．Unattackable.‎ C．Mild. D．Unstable.‎ ‎11．Which way does Helen Fricker specially advocate?‎ A．Satellite imagery. B．Global monitoring.‎ C．Worldwide climate modeling. D．Worldwide combined efforts.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎8． A ‎ ‎9． C ‎ ‎10． B ‎ ‎11． D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现南极东部的冰层正在以出人意料的速度融化，其中一个因素就是海洋暖流的入侵，科学家主张通过国际合作来监测南极洲。‎ ‎8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now, scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS)—considered largely unaffected by climate change—may also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed.”可知，科学家发现南极东部的冰层正在以出人意料的速度融化，故A项正确。‎ ‎9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to invade East Antarctica’s once unassailable ice.”可知，科学家认为海洋环流携带的温暖的海水入侵南极东部的冰层导致其加速融化，故C项正确。‎ ‎10．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“A cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year, published in Nature, estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992 to 2017.”可知，1992年到2017年，南极东部的冰层每年增加50亿吨冰，按照常理推断体积如此庞大的冰层是坚不可摧的，由此可知画线词词义为“坚不可摧的”，故B项正确。‎ ‎11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just can’t do that without international cooperation.”可知，Helen Fricker认为我们需要监测南极洲，没有国际合作我们无法做到这一点，由此可知，Helen Fricker主张通过国际合作来监测南极洲，故D项正确。‎ Modern lifestyles are generally quite different from those of our hunter-gatherer ancestors, a fact that some claim as the cause of the current rise in global obesity, but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure(耗费) of modern hunter-gatherers and Westerners, casting doubt on this theory.‎ The research team behind the study, led by Herman Pontzer of Hunter College in New York City, along with David Raichlen of the University of Arizona and Brian M. Wood of Stanford measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional hunter-gatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania. Despite spending their days hiking long distances to seek for wild plants and game, the Hadza burned no more calories each day than adults in the U.S. and Europe. The team ran several analyses accounting for the effects of body weight, body fat percentage, age, and gender. In all analyses, daily energy expenditure among the Hadza hunter-gatherers was indistinguishable(难以区分的) from that of Westerners. The study was the first to measure energy expenditure in hunter-gatherers directly;‎ ‎ previous studies had relied entirely on estimates.‎ These findings overturn the long-held assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure. Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are relatively constant among human populations. This in turn supports the view that the current rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption, not decreased energy expenditure. It means we have more to learn about human physiology(生理学) and health, particularly in non-Western settings.‎ ‎"These results highlight the complexity of energy expenditure. It's not simply a function of physical activity," says Pontzer.” Our metabolic rates may be more a reflection of our shared evolutionary past than our diverse modern lifestyles."‎ ‎12．According to the new research, hunter-gatherers consume _________.‎ A．the same energy as Westerners B．more energy than Westerners C．less energy than Westerners D．the same food as Westerners ‎13．How did the research team do the new research?‎ A．By comparing hiking distances. B．By identifying wild plants and game.‎ C．By estimating daily energy expenditure. D．By measuring daily energy expenditure.‎ ‎14．People have long assumed that _________.‎ A．the rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption B．decreased energy expenditure makes Westerners fat C．daily energy expenditure stays the same in history D．humans’ habitual metabolic rates are unchanged ‎15．Which of the following can reflect our shared evolutionary past?‎ A．Our physiology activity. B．Our energy expenditure.‎ C．Our metabolic rates. D．Our modern lifestyle.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎12． A ‎ ‎13． D ‎ ‎14． B ‎ ‎15． C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现不同生活方式下日常的能量消耗相似，这表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致肥胖。‎ ‎12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure(耗费) of modern hunter-gatherers and Westerners,”可知，研究结果发现现代的狩猎采集者和西方人的能量消耗没什么差别，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional hunter-gatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania.”可知，研究人员是通过测量每天的能量消耗进行研究的，故D项正确。‎ ‎14．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These findings overturn the long-held assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure.”可知，研究结果挑战了长期以来西方人的肥胖是由于能量消耗减少的观点，由此可知，人们一直认为能量消耗的减少导致了西方人的肥胖，故B项正确。‎ ‎15．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are relatively constant among human populations.”可知，文章介绍了不同生活方式下日常能量消耗相似性表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致的肥胖，故C项（我们的新陈代谢）最能概括出全文内容。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度在于需要高度的概括性，因此抓住主题句中的关键词是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据第三段中的“Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates are relatively constant among human populations.”可知，不同生活方式下日常能量消耗相似性表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致的肥胖，关键词是“新陈代谢”，故C项最能概括出全文内容。‎ 评卷人 得分 二、七选五 Why people collect art Many people through history have gone to great lengths to collect art. But what motivates these collectors?‎ One popular explanation for collecting is that they can have financial gain. Some resell works, earning enormous profit. 16．. Immorally, some ‘collectors’ buy art as a form of money laundering(洗钱), since it is far easier to move art than cash between counties without examination.‎ ‎17．. For them, art is important for other reasons. The best way to understand the underlying drive of art collecting is as a means to create and strengthen social bonds, and as a way for collectors to communicate within these new networks.‎ Collectors are not only interested in creating social links; they are also motivated by the messages they can send once these social networks are created. We all know art is a powerful way for the artist to express thoughts and feelings. 18．. Displaying art can send a message about who the collector really is --- at least who she sees herself as.‎ ‎19．. Through the collections, collectors convey messages not just about themselves, but about the world as a whole. For example, the kid with the shoebox of bird feathers might show others her collection not just to make friends, but also to convince them about the importance of protecting endangered species.‎ People collect art for various reasons. 20．.‎ A．Some gain art works in an illegal way B．But most collectors think little of profit C．Artworks preserve the qualities of their makers D．No doubt art collection is a hard addiction to overcome E. Some get large tax reductions for donating art to museums F. It also serves as an effective way to express collectors G. Other art collectors see their collections as having a broader power ‎【答案】‎ ‎16． E ‎ ‎17． B ‎ ‎18． F ‎ ‎19． G ‎ ‎20． D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，分析了人们收藏艺术品的原因。‎ ‎16．上文说关于收藏，一个普遍的解释是他们可以获得经济利益，一些人转售收藏品以赚取巨额利润，下文又说游戏收藏者购买艺术品进行洗钱，此处说的还是利用艺术品获得经济利益的做法，故E项（有些人因为向博物馆捐赠艺术品而获得了大幅减税）符合语境。‎ ‎17．根据本空后的“For them, art is important for other reasons.”可知，对他们来说，艺术之所以重要还有其他原因，此处说的是一些人收藏艺术品不是看重经济利益，故B项（但是，大多数收藏者很少考虑利润）符合语境。‎ ‎18．根据本空前的“We all know art is a powerful way for the artist to express thoughts and feelings.”可知，我们都知道艺术是艺术家表达想法和情感的有力方式，此处承接上文，故F项（它也是表达收藏者的一种有效方式）符合语境。‎ ‎19．根据本空后的“Through the collections, collectors convey messages not just about themselves, but about the world as a whole.”可知，一般来说，通过收藏品，收藏者不仅传递关于他们自己的信息，还传递关于世界的信息，此处是说收藏者认为自己的收藏品有重要意义，故G项（其他艺术收藏者认为自己的收藏品有更广泛的影响力）符合语境。‎ ‎20．根据本空前的“People collect art for various reasons.”可知，人们收藏艺术品有各种各样的原因，此处总结全文，故D项（毫无疑问，艺术收藏是很难戒掉的瘾）符合语境。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 在七选五的解题过程中，上下文和选项里出现的一些关联词往往是重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据本空前的“We all know art is a powerful way for the artist to express thoughts and feelings.”可知，我们都知道艺术是表达想法和情感的有力方式，F项中的also是重要提示，而且express一词在上文中也出现过，F项（它也是表达收藏者的一种有效方式）正好承接上文。‎ 评卷人 得分 三、完形填空 My car needed some mechanical work that I could not do myself. Since the garage I had been taking my car to had ____, my friend Dave gave me a recommendation: D's Auto Repair.‎ I was pleasantly ____ to discover that the owner of D's was a mechanic who had worked on my ‎ car several years earlier. ____ he was an employee at a gas station near my house. I knew that his work was good.‎ I ____ the paperwork for the repair and ___ while D took a phone call from another customer. As I sat there, I looked around the small office to keep myself _____ A framed newspaper article caught my attention. The headline ____: "Local Dairy Farmer Kills Whole Herd.” The article was about the ____ of a fifth-generation dairy farmer during the polluted milk scare in Michigan several years earlier. Dairy cows were becoming ____ a disease that was affecting the milk supply. The fifth-generation dairy farmer paid to have all of his cows ____. It was found that out of the entire herd, only a few were were infected. Because no one could ____ that the other cows were totally ____, he had the herd killed and buried to make consumers feel rest assured(放心). The farmer’s insurance did not cover his ____ because the state had not issued a(n) ____ for him to get rid of the herd. Asked why he did it, the farmer replied "Because it was the right thing to do.‎ I asked D why he ____ the article on the wall. I thought that he might be related to or ____ knew the farmer. He said he had never met the man, but that the farmer was a(n) ____ to him and set a standard for integrity(正直), trust and honesty. He said that is how he ____ his auto Repair business.‎ I was now doubly ____ by both the farmer and D．The next year, ____ my recommendation, my son started a nine-month mechanics apprenticeship(学徒) at D's Auto repair.‎ ‎21．A．closed B．started C．expanded D．developed ‎22．A．content B．cautious C．surprised D．shocked ‎23．A．Just then B．Back then C．In advance D．Before long ‎24．A．filled out B．handed out C．held out D．took out ‎25．A．stared B．reflected C．worried D．waited ‎26．A．informed B．involved C．prepared D．occupied ‎27．A．wrote B．read C．recorded D．shown ‎28．A．plans B．feelings C．actions D．bravery ‎29．A．immune to B．addicted to C．infected with D．allergic to ‎30．A．tested B．killed C．buried D．sold ‎31．A．suspect B．guarantee C．challenge D．question ‎32．A．satisfying B．beneficial C．dangerous D．safe ‎33．A．danger B．risk C．loss D．threat ‎34．A．order B．warning C．ban D．solution ‎35．A．stored B．displayed C．collected D．appreciated ‎36．A．anywhere B．anyhow C．somewhere D．somehow ‎37．A．inspiration B．companion C．comfort D．memory ‎38．A．bought B．predicted C．operated D．acquired ‎39．A．embarrassed B．impressed C．confused D．amused ‎40．A．in B．by C．at D．on ‎【答案】‎ ‎21． A ‎ ‎22． C ‎ ‎23． B ‎ ‎24． A ‎ ‎25． D ‎ ‎26． D ‎ ‎27． B ‎ ‎28． C ‎ ‎29． C ‎ ‎30． A ‎ ‎31． B ‎ ‎32． D ‎ ‎33． C ‎ ‎34． A ‎ ‎35． B ‎ ‎36． D ‎ ‎37． A ‎ ‎38． C ‎ ‎39． B ‎ ‎40． D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在汽车修配厂老板D 的办公室里发现他用一个在污染牛奶恐慌中把牛都杀掉以让消费者放心的奶农的故事来提醒自己按照正直、信任和诚实的标准经营自己的修配厂，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，最后，作者把自己的儿子送到这个修配厂做学徒。‎ ‎21．考查动词词义辨析。A. closed关门；B. started开始；C. expanded扩充；D. developed发展。根据本空后的“my friend Dave gave me a recommendation: D's Auto Repair.”可知，因为我开车去的那家修配厂已经关门了，我的朋友建议我去D的汽车修配厂，故A项正确。‎ ‎22．考查形容词词义辨析。A. content满意的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. shocked震惊的。根据本空后的“to discover that the owner of D's was a mechanic who had worked on my car several years earlier.”可知，我惊喜地发现汽车修配厂的老板是几年前为我修过车的维修师傅，故C项正确。‎ ‎23．考查副词短语辨析。A. Just then就在那时；B. Back then当时；C. In advance提前；D. Before long不久。几年前他为我修过车，那时他是我家附近一家加油站的员工，故B项正确。‎ ‎24．考查动词短语辨析。A. filled out填写；B. handed out分发；C. held out伸出；D. took out拿出。修车自然要填写修理文件，故A项正确。‎ ‎25．考查动词词义辨析。A. stared盯着；B. reflected反射；C. worried担心；D. waited等待。D他接另一个客户打来的电话，我在一旁等着，故D项正确。‎ ‎26．考查动词词义辨析。A. informed通知；B. involved卷入；C. prepared准备；D. occupied占有、使用。根据本空前的“I looked around the small office to keep myself”可知，我环顾一下这间小办公室，让自己有事可做，故D项正确。‎ ‎27．考查动词词义辨析。A. wrote写；B. read读、写明；C. recorded记录；D. shown显示。根据本空后的“Local Dairy Farmer Kills Whole Herd.”可知，这篇文章的标题是“当地奶农杀死整群奶牛”，故B项正确。‎ ‎28．考查名词词义辨析。A. plans计划；B. feelings感情；C. actions行动；D. bravery勇敢。这篇文章是关于密歇根州第五代奶农在几年前的污染牛奶恐慌中的行动，故C项正确。‎ ‎29．考查形容词短语辨析。A. immune to不受……影响；B. addicted to对……上瘾；C. infected with染上；D. allergic to对……过敏。根据本空后的“a disease that was affecting the milk supply.”可知，奶牛染上一种影响牛奶的疾病，故C项正确。‎ ‎30．考查动词词义辨析。A. tested测试、检查；B. killed杀死；C. buried埋葬；D. sold卖。根据本空后的“It was found that out of the entire herd, only a few were infected.‎ ‎”可知，奶农花钱给所有的奶牛做了检查，发现只有少数染病，故A项正确。‎ ‎31．考查动词词义辨析。A. suspect怀疑：B. guarantee保证；C. challenge挑战；D. question质疑。因为没有人能够保证其他的奶牛是绝对安全的，所以他让人把牛杀了并埋掉以让消费者放心，故B项正确。‎ ‎32．考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. beneficial有益的；C. dangerous危险的； D. safe安全的。没有人能够保证其他的奶牛是绝对安全的，故D项正确。‎ ‎33．考查名词词义辨析。A. danger危险；B. risk风险；C. loss损失；D. threat威胁。奶农把牛都杀了，这对他来说是一个巨大的损失，故C项正确。‎ ‎34．考查名词词义辨析。A. order命令；B. warning警告；C. ban禁止；D. solution解决方法。奶农的保险不能赔偿他的损失，因为国家没有发布让他把牛都杀死的法令，故A项正确。‎ ‎35．考查动词词义辨析。A. stored储存；B. displayed展示、表现；C. collected收集；D. appreciated欣赏。我问D为什么把这篇文章展示在墙上，故B项正确。‎ ‎36．考查副词词义辨析。A. anywhere无论何处；B. anyhow不管怎样；C. somewhere在某处；D. somehow不知何故、以某种方法。我想他可能不知何故认识那个奶农，故D项正确。‎ ‎37．考查名词词义辨析。A. inspiration鼓舞；B. companion同伴；C. comfort安慰；D. memory记忆。根据本空后的“set a standard for integrity, trust and honesty.”可知，这个奶农鼓舞了他并为正直、信任和诚实树立了标准，故A项正确。‎ ‎38．考查动词词义辨析。A. bought买；B. predicted预言；C. operated经营；D. acquired掌握。他就是按照这个标准经营自己的修配厂的，故C项正确。‎ ‎39．考查动词词义辨析。A. embarrassed使尴尬；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. confused迷惑；D. amused逗乐。根据本空后的“by both the farmer and D”可知，那个奶农和D都给我留下了深刻的印象，故B项正确。‎ ‎40．考查固定搭配。在我的推荐下，我的儿子在D 的汽车修配厂做了九个月的学徒，on one’s recommendation表示“在某人的推荐下”，故D项正确。‎ 第II卷（非选择题)‎ 请点击修改第II卷的文字说明 评卷人 得分 四、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Crows(乌鸦) are remarkably intelligent birds. Now these feathered geniuses are given a job: Six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. Whenever the six crows put cigarette ends or other small 41． (piece) of trash in a special container, it offers a treat to reward the crows 42． their efforts.‎ The idea came from one of the park’s employees, Christophe. In 2012, the theme park held a show during which the crows picked up roses and brought them to a “princess”. It was the show 43． inspired him. Since then, six crows 44．(raise) and trained to do the same with rubbish. The training system is similar to the one for testing crows’ intelligence, 45． a food dispenser(分发器) gives away a food reward when a crow 46． (correct) performs a task. Christophe also introduced other species of birds to go through the training. 47． (compare) with other birds, crows are much cleverer.‎ The purpose of 48． (train) the crows is to educate the people to reflect on themselves. Since the birds are able to protect the environment, we need to care about it too. “It is 49． funny way to remind people not 50．(throw) the rubbish everywhere,” said Christophe.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎41． pieces ‎ ‎42． for ‎ ‎43． that ‎ ‎44． have been raised ‎ ‎45． where ‎ ‎46． correctly ‎ ‎47． Compared ‎ ‎48． training ‎ ‎49． a ‎ ‎50． to throw ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在法国西部的一个主题公园，六只乌鸦被训练捡垃圾，目的是提醒人们不要随地扔垃圾。‎ ‎41．考查名词。句意：每当这六只乌鸦把烟头或其他小垃圾放进一个特殊的容器里时，它们的努力就会得到奖励。other 修饰可数名词复数，故填pieces。‎ ‎42．考查介词。句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知，此处表示“因……而奖励”，故填for。‎ ‎43．考查强调句型。句意：正是那个表演给了他灵感。此处为强调句型，其基本结构为：it is/was+被强调部分+that+其余部分，此处强调the show，故填that。‎ ‎44．考查时态。句意：从那时起，这六只乌鸦就被饲养并训练捡垃圾。Since then表明用现在完成时，six crows 与raise之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been raised。‎ ‎45．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这个训练系统类似于乌鸦智力测试系统，在这个测试系统中，每当乌鸦正确地完成一项任务时，食物分配器会给出食物奖励。此处为非限定性定语从句，从句中不缺主宾表，缺少地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎46．考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词performs用副词，故填correctly。‎ ‎47．考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他鸟类相比，乌鸦聪明得多。crows与compare之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，应该用过去分词作状语，故填Compared。‎ ‎48．考查非谓语动词。句意：训练乌鸦的目的是教育人们反省自己。作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填training。‎ ‎49．考查冠词。句意：这是一个提醒人们不要随地扔垃圾的有趣的方式。way是可数名词，用不定冠词表示泛指，故填a。‎ ‎50．考查不定式。句意参考上题解析，remind sb to do表示“提醒某人做某事”，故填to throw。‎ 评卷人 得分 五、短文改错 ‎51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ In order to enrich our school life and promote our English learning, the English teachers of Grade II organized an English Talent show last Friday afternoon. Despite of the fact that we were busy with our study, we took active part in it.‎ The show lasted more than two hours and it was a great success. Different forms of English programs ranged from singing, dancing, short plays, musical plays to English dubbing performances were displayed, which offers us a great visual feast. There were lots of excitement and cheers during the whole process. That impressed us most was the play Snow White. This activity was warmly welcomed by we students, all of which considered it helped to arouse our learning interest. It is suggested that such activities could be held more regular so that we can really combine learning with joy and develop our learning potential.‎ ‎【答案】1. Despite of–Despite ‎ ‎2. took后面加an ‎ ‎3. ranged-ranging ‎ ‎4.offers—offered ‎ ‎5.There were – There was ‎6. That—What ‎ ‎7.we– us ‎ ‎8.which- whom ‎ ‎9. could – should / 删去could ‎ ‎10. regular – regularly ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英语老师举办了一场英语才艺表演，同学们表演了各种各样的节目，大家都认为这有助于激发我们的学习兴趣并建议以后多多举行这样的活动。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 第一处：考查despite的用法。句意：尽管学习很忙，我们还是积极参加了。despite表示“尽管”，of是多余的，故删掉of。‎ 第二处：考查冠词。句意参考上题解析，take part in短语中，如果part前有形容词修饰时，通常要加不定冠词，active以元音音素开头，故在took后面加an。‎ 第三处：考查非谓语动词。句意：从唱歌、跳舞、短剧、音乐剧到英语配音等各种形式的英语节目给我们带来了一场视觉盛宴。Different forms of English programs 与range之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作定语，故ranged改为ranging。‎ 第四处：考查时态。句意参考上题解析，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故offers改为offered。‎ 第五处：考查主谓一致。句意：整个过程充满了兴奋和欢呼。根据就近原则，there be句型中be用单数还是复数由后面接近的一项的单复数决定，excitement是不可数名词，故were 改为was。‎ 第六处：考查主语从句。句意：令我印象最深的是戏剧《白雪公主》。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，故That改为What。‎ 第七处：考查代词。句意：这次活动受到了我们学生的热烈欢迎，大家都认为这有助于激发我们的学习兴趣。作介词by的宾语应该用宾格，故we改为us。‎ 第八处：考查非限定性定语从句。句意参考上题解析，此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词students 在从句中作of的宾语，故which改为whom。‎ 第九处：考查虚拟语气。句意：大家建议这样的活动可以定期举行，这样我们才能真正把学习和娱乐结合起来，开发我们的潜力。在it is suggested that（建议……）句型中，that引导的主语从句通常用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略，故could 改为 should或删掉could。‎ 第十处：考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词held用副词，故regular 改为 regularly。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 第1题的迷惑性很强，有的同学拿不准despite的用法，despite和in despite of都表示“尽管”，后面接名词或名词性短语，despite of是一种错误的表达，本题中of是多余的，故删掉of。‎ 评卷人 得分 六、提纲类作文 ‎52．假如你是李华，得知你的美国网友Kanye家乡发生山火，房屋被烧毁，现在住在临时避难所。请你发邮件慰问，内容包括以下方面:‎ ‎1. 询问受灾情况，表示关心。‎ ‎2. 鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇: 山火 wildfire Dear Kanye,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Kanye,‎ On hearing the news that a catastrophic wildfire broke out in your hometown, I am extremely concerned and anxious to express our most sincere pity and care for you.‎ Shocked and unsettled, I wonder how much damage the merciless wildfire has caused. With your house burnt to the ground, have you got accustomed to staying in the temporary shelter? Can you put up with the inconvenience there? However tough the situation is, don’t lose heart! A man can be defeated, but cannot be destroyed! Sad as you are, you must have great commitment to reconstructing the fire-stricken area. Therefore, I am firmly convinced that your hometown will soon come back to life and recover its former glory.‎ In the face of such a rarely-seen disaster, it was your calmness and unshakable resolve that got you through difficulties, which moved us to tears. Again, I, on behalf of my schoolmates, convey our deep grief on your losses and heartfelt wishes for your safety and well-being. Anyway, tomorrow is another day.‎ Yours ‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假如你是李华，得知你的美国网友Kanye家乡发生山火，房屋被烧毁，现在住在临时避难所。请你发邮件慰问，内容包括以下方面: 1. 询问受灾情况，表示关心；2. 鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：catastrophic（灾难性的），wildfire (山火)，break out (爆发)，damage（损害），merciless（无情的），temporary shelter（临时避难所），reconstruct（重建），calmness（冷静）及unshakable（坚定不移的）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ 本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有burn to the ground（夷为平地），get accustomed to（习惯于），put up with (忍受)，get through（熬过困难时期），on behalf of（代表）以及lose heart（灰心），而且还使用了宾语从句“Shocked and unsettled, I wonder how much damage the merciless wildfire has caused.”及“Therefore, I am firmly convinced that your hometown will soon come back to life and recover its former glory.”，强调句型和非限定性定语从句“In the face of such a rarely-seen disaster, it was your calmness and unshakable resolve that got you through difficulties, which moved us to tears.”，状语从句“However tough the situation is, don’t lose heart! A man can be defeated, but cannot be destroyed!”及“Sad as you are, you must have great commitment to reconstructing the fire-stricken area.”，非谓语动词“On hearing the news that a catastrophic wildfire broke out in your hometown, I am extremely concerned and anxious to express our most sincere pity and care for you.”，with 的复合结构“With your house burnt to the ground, have you got accustomed to staying in the temporary shelter?”全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎