2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷05 Word版含解析

2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷05 Word版含解析

- 1 - 021 北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷 英语 一、听力理解（共 25 小题，25 分。每小题 1 分）略 二、完形填空（共 15 小题，15 分。每小题 1 分） 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答 案。 These days, teenagers are often addicted to their cell phones or other electronic devices. They are often so ___1___ with what's happening on social media that they often ___2___ what's going on around them. But you ___3___ can't say that about this 17 year-old-boy. Seeing how the teen helped an elderly woman who was ___4___ at the Dollar General just restored my ___5___ in our ___6___! 17-year-old Senquavious Driver joined his ___7___, Connie, for a trip to the Dollar General. They'd finished shopping and were starting to pull out when Senquavious noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her ___8___. She succeeded but was having trouble walking. Senquavious wasted no time coming to the ___9___！ The teen jumped out of his aunt's car without hesitation. He helped the elderly woman to the sidewalk and ____10____ walking her to the store. She was there to get soda, but could hardly walk. The woman explained that she'd ____11____, hurting her back and face. So, Senquavious stayed with her, helped her get her shopping done, and then saw her back to her car. His aunt watched him help the woman, ____12____ by her nephew's compassion. She took some photos. “I was in ____13____ taking pictures because he didn't hesitate to help her, and that made me delighted, ”she said. Connie proudly ____14____ the photos of her nephew's act of ____15____ on Facebook, saying, “I hope he continues to do great things in his life.” 1. A. concerned B. associated C. content D. abundant 2. A. remind B. review C. ignore D. notice 3. A. temporarily B. actually C. basically D. certainly 4. A. moving B. complaining C. struggling D. driving 5. A. prejudice B. faith C. respect D. budget - 2 - 6. A. age B. youth C. childhood D. experience 7. A. aunt B. mother C. teacher D. grandma 8. A. car B. store C. home D. sidewalk 9. A. conclusion B. rescue C. end D. point 10. A. considered B. stopped C. continued D. began 11. A. driven B. walked C. grasped D. fallen 12. A. amazed B. inspired C. attracted D. touched 13. A. sweat B. tears C. relief D. silence 14. A. chose B. remembered C. shared D. described 15. A. bravery B. kindness C. sympathy D. gratitude 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了 17 岁的少年 Senquavlous 帮助一位走路吃力的老妇人的故事。 【1 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周 围发生的事情。A. concerned 关心的；B. associated 关联的；C. content 满意的；D. abundant 丰 富的。根据后文“with what's happening on social media that they often _____ what's going on around them”可知，他们非常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，短语 be concerned with 表示“关 心”。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周围 发生的事情。A. remind 提醒；B. review 复习；C. ignore 忽视；D. notice 注意到。结合后文“what's going on around them”以及上文提到他们的注意力都在社交媒体上，所以会忽视身边正在发生 的事情。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但你肯定不能这么说这个 17 岁的孩子。A. temporarily 临时地；B. actually 实际上；C. basically 基本上；D. certainly 肯定，当然。根据下文 Senquavious 帮助了老 妇人的情节可知，你肯定不会这么说这个 17 岁的孩子。故选 D。 【4 题详解】 - 3 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在 Dollar General 帮助一个挣扎着从车 里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. moving 移动；B. complaining 抱怨；C. struggling 挣扎 ； D. driving 驾驶 。根 据下 文“Senquavlous noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her car”可知，这个老妇人在挣扎着从车里出来。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在 Dollar General 帮助一个挣扎着从车 里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. prejudice 偏见；B. faith 信心；C. respect 尊重；D. budget 预算。根据上文语境可知，这个孩子的行为和大多数青少年的行为不一样， 故可推知，此处表示这位少年的行为让作者对年轻人恢复了信心。faith 意为“信心”，符合 语境。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在 Dollar General 帮助一个挣扎着从车 里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. age 年纪；B. youth 年轻人；C. childhood 童年；D. experience 经历。根据上文对当今青少年行为的描述以及这位名叫 Senquavious 的少 年的表现可知，此处表示作者恢复了对年轻人的信心。youth 意为“年轻人”，符合语境。故 选 B。 【7 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：17 岁的 Senquavlous Driver 和他的阿姨 Connie 一起去了 Dollar General 购物。A. aunt 阿姨；B. mother 母亲；C. teacher 老师；D. grandma 祖母。根据下文中 的“The teen jumped out of his aunt's car”可知，他是和自己的阿姨 Connie 一起去购物的。故 选 A。 【8 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们结束购物，正准备离开时，Senquavious 注意到一位 80 多岁的 老太太正挣扎着从车里出来。A. car 汽车；B. store 商店；C. home 家；D. sidewalk 人行道。根 据上文“They’d put down their shopping and were starting to pull out”以及后文“saw her back to her car”可推知，他们是结束购物，正准备开车离开时看到这个老太太正挣扎着从车（car） 里出来的。其他选择不符合语境。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Senquavious 立即前来援助！A. conclusion 结论；B. rescue 援助， 营救；C. end 结束；D. point 要点。根据上文的 having trouble walking 可知，老人走路有困难， - 4 - 由此可推知，Senquavious 是去帮忙。come to the/one's rescue 意为“救助某人”，符合语境。 故选 B。 【10 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把老妇人扶到人行道上，继续跟着她进了商店。A. considered 考 虑；B. stopped 停止；C. continued 继续；D. began 开始。根据后文 with her into the store 可知， 把老妇人扶到人行道上后他并没有马上离开，而是继续把她送进商店。故选 C。 【11 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子解释说，她最近摔倒了，背部和脸部都受了伤。A. driven 驾驶；B. walked 走路；C. grasped 抓牢；D. fallen 摔倒。根据本空后的“hurting her back and face” 可知，这个老妇人最近摔倒过一次。故选 D。 【12 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的阿姨在一旁看着，被侄儿的怜悯心感动了。A. amazed 大为惊 奇的；B. inspired 受到鼓舞的；C. attracted 被吸引的；D. touched 感动的。结合后文“her nephew's compassion”可推知，他的阿姨应是深受感动。touched 意为“受感动的”，符合语境。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我哭着拍照片，因为他毫不犹豫地帮助她，这让我很开心，” 她说。A. sweat 汗水；B. tears 眼泪；C. relief 减轻；D. silence 沉默。上文说 Senquavious 的行 为让康妮深受感动，由此可推知，此处指康妮被感动得泪流满面。tear 意为“眼泪”，符合语 境。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Connie 自豪地在 Facebook 上分享了她侄子的善举，她说:“我希望 他能继续在他的生活中做好事。”A. chose 选择；B. remembered 记得；C. shared 分享；D. described 描述。根据本空后“the photos of her nephew's act of _____ on Facebook.”可知，姑姑 在脸书上分享了侄子善行的照片。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Connie 自豪地在 Facebook 上分享了她侄子的善举，她说:“我希望 他能继续在他的生活中做好事。”A. bravery 勇敢；B. kindness 善举；C. sympathy 同情；D. gratitude 感激。根据上文对 Senquavious 热心助人的事件的描述和下文的“I hope he continues to do great things in his life”可推知，她的侄子做了一件善事。kindness 意为“善良”，符合语境。 帮助别人是一种善行。故选 B。 - 5 - 三、阅读理解（共 20 小题，40 分，每小题 2 分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Store Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. ◆Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3.Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance.ID required. ◆Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry－based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center. 16. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center? A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3. C. At the Laser Dome. D. At the Denny Way entrance. 17. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A. Train science teachers. B. Distribute science books. C. Inspire scientific research. D. Take science to the classroom. 18. What is the purpose of the last part of the text? - 6 - A. To encourage donations. B. To advertise coming events. C. To introduce special exhibits. D. To tell about the Center's history. 19. It can be known from the text that______? A. It’s a place where people are fed. B. It’s a place where people go shopping. C. It’s a place where people pick up souvenirs D. It’s a place which inspires people’s passion for science. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。作者从四个方面介绍了 Pacific Science Center 的相关信息。 【16 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.(该商店位于 3 号楼楼上，紧挨着 Laser Dome)”可知，Pacific Science Center 的购 物店在 Laser Dome 旁边的 3 号楼上。故选 B。 【17 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry－based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.(今天，太平洋科学中心每年为超过 130 万人提供服务，并将探究式的科学教 育带到华盛顿州的课堂和社区活动中)”可知，现在 Pacific Science Center 每年向 130 多万人提 供服务，并开始把科学教育带到教室。故选 D。 【18 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.(访问 pacificsciencecenter.org 可以找到支持太平洋科学中心的各种方 式)”可推知，文章最后一段的作用在于呼吁读者支持 Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们 为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology.(自 1962 年以来，太平洋科学 中心一直在激发对科学、数学和技术的发现和终身学习的热情)”可知 Pacific Science Center 是一个能够激发人们对于科学探索和终生学习的地方。故选 D。 - 7 - B Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic (全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama. Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view. Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.. Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it. This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured (捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized (使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house. Perhaps we all live in each others, spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, and that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us. That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass. 20. What happened when the author was about to take a photo? A Her camera stopped working. B. A woman blocked her view. C. Someone asked her to leave. D. A friend approached from behind. 21. According to the author, the woman was probably . A. enjoying herself B. losing her patience - 8 - C. waiting for the sunset D. thinking about her past 22. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive? A. The rich color of the landscape. B. The perfect positioning of the camera. C. The woman’s existence in the photo. D. The soft sunlight that summer day. 23. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections (反思) upon . A. a particular life experience B. the pleasure of traveling C. the art of photography D. a lost friendship 【答案】20. B 21. A 22. C 23. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者无奈拍摄的一张被女人干扰的照片却显得 尤为生动，通过这件事作者也明白了共享的美丽。 【20 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.”（不幸的是，正当我拿出我的相机时， 一个女人从后面出来，刚好置身于我的视线之前）可知，一位女士挡住了作者的视线。故选 B。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“She seemed so content in her observation.”（她似乎很满意自己的 所见）可知，这位女士可能玩的很开心。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.”（现在，当我看着这张照片时，我觉得她在照 片中的存在让照片更有趣。风景本身很美丽，不知怎么的，因为这位女士的存在而显得更加 生动）可知，这位女士在照片里的存在使照片更加生动。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 最 后 两 段 内 容 “Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, and that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation - 9 - between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.”（或许这就这张照片的意义：提醒 我们，我们都欣赏美，我们都有共同的渴望，渴望快乐、渴望联系、渴望比我们更伟大的东 西。这张照片是一个提醒，一个捕捉到的瞬间，以及两个女人之间隔着薄薄方形玻璃的无声 对话）可知，这是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟。由此推知，这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次 特殊经历的深入思考。故选 A。 C There are now many products and services on the market which are similar in content though produced by different companies. It is vital therefore, for a company to distinguish itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately recognizable. Logos are part of this image. They are symbols which often include a name or initials to identify a company. The logo establishes a visual identity for the company, just as different groups of young people express their identity through hairstyles and clothes. All groups from all cultures and throughout the ages have used colors and symbols to show their identity. In different cultures, different colors carry different meanings. Some colors may be connected with coldness in one culture and with warmth in another; some colors represent life in one culture but death in another. International companies have, therefore, to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood in different countries. The logos of large international companies are instantly recognizable throughout the world.One of the most famous logos is that of Coca-Cola. The design of the words “Coca-Cola” has not changed since 1886,although the surrounding design has been changed from time to time. Many companies have, over the years, renewed their logos to fit in with contemporary design and to present more powerful images. Company logos can be emotive and can inspire loyalty by influencing the subconscious(潜意识).Some logos include an idea of the product: the steering wheel in the Mercedes logo, for example, and the aeroplane tail of Alitalia. Logos are used on packaging and brochures as well as on the product itself. They may also appear in newspapers or on television as part of an advertising campaign. Companies need to have a strong corporate identity. The logo helps to promote this image and to fix it in the minds of the consumers. Logos, therefore, need to be original and to have impact and style. 24. The most basic function of a company’s logo is to _______. A. describe the business the company is engaged for the consumers - 10 - B. distinguish the company from its realistic and potential competitors C. project a positive image of the company and its products or services D. make the products and services of the company more recognizable 25. Why should caution be exercised in the use of colors? A. Colors may be misinterpreted in different cultures. B Colors are not the best tools to identify a company. C. Colors may represent death in some cultures. D. International companies are careful about the use of colors. 26. By citing the logo of Coca-Cola, the author tries to . A. explain the name of a company should remain unchanged B. ensure that the logo should not be misinterpreted in different cultures C. state the surrounding design of the logo can always be changed D. illustrate the importance of having a recognizable image 27. In the view of the author, a winning logo should aim at . A. fitting in with the contemporary design B. inspiring loyalty from the consumers C. displaying originality and impact D. promoting a strong corporate identity 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。要想在众多同行业公司中脱颖而出,就要有鲜明的公司形象。商标是公司 形象的重要组成部分。商标的组成要素、颜色、可辨识度等都是影响公司形象的重要因素。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“It is vital, therefore, for a company to distinguish itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately recognizable.”（因此，对 于一个公司来说，通过拥有一个可以立即被识别的强大的公司形象来区别于它的竞争对手是 至关重要的。）可知，公司标志最基本的功能是将公司与其现实的和潜在的竞争对手区分开来。 故选 B。 【25 题详解】 - 11 - 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 三 段 第 一 句 “In different cultures, different colors carry different meanings. International companies have, therefore, to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood in different countries.”（在不同的文化中，不同的颜色承载着不同的含义。因此， 跨国公司必须确保他们的标志不会在不同的国家被误解。所以颜色在不同的文化中可能会被 误解。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“The logos of large international companies are instantly recognizable throughout the world.”（大型国际公司的标志在全世界都能一眼认出来。）可推知， 通过引用可口可乐的标志，作者试图说明有一个可识别的形象的重要性。故选 D。 【27 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Logos, therefore, need to be original and to have impact and style.”（ 因此，商标必须是原创的，具有影响力和风格。）可知，在作者看来，一个成功 的商标应以展示独创性和影响力为目标。故选 C。 D Skeptics are strange a lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The "eco-guilt" brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews. Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the "real state of the world" as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming. So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg's book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that "After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down." Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that - 12 - Mr. Lomborg's "preference for unexamined materials is incredible". A critical eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interest. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That's a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly. 28. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as "skeptics"? A. People who agree on the popularity of "eco-guilt". B. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities. C. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet. D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment. 29. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg's books? A. The book challenges views about the fine state of the world. B. Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests. C. The author convinces people to speak comforting worldviews. D. Industry–funded media present confusing information. 30. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_________. A. find fault with Lomborg's book B. voice a different opinion C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views 31. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage? A. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media. B. To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews. C. To blame the media's lack of responsibility in information. D. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了，环保怀疑主义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁。Bjorn Lomborg 的新书认为现在地球的环境状态良好，《自然》杂志认为他所使用的材料未经检查， - 13 - 结果并不可信。新闻媒体应该呈现所有的客观信息让人们做出自己的决定。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment and they are tired of people who disagree with them.”（他们中的一些人拒绝承认 人类活动对环境的严重威胁，并且他们厌倦了那些不同意他们观点的人。），可知一些怀疑主 义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁，C 项“People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.”（那些不相信我们星球的严重状况的人。）内容与之相符。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg's views are similar to those of some industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.”（当然，另一个解释是一些有特殊利益的大企业财大气粗。事 实上，Lomborg 的观点与一些由行业资助的组织类似，这些组织通过媒体开展了大量活动，让 公众对全球变暖等问题感到困惑。），可知 Lomborg's books 的书很受欢迎是因为他的观点和很 多受到工业资助的组织一致，背后有大的企业在维护他们的利益，用 Lomborg 的观点来混淆 视听。故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段“Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg's "preference for unexamined materials is incredible".”（这种片 面的观点本应立即受到挑战。但只有一个不同的评论出现在《自然》杂志，这是一个受人尊 敬的科学杂志，有特定的读者群。评论指出，Lomborg 先生“对未经审查的材料的偏爱令人难 以置信”。），可知 Lomborg 的观点本应该被批评，《自然》杂志就认为 Lomborg 的观点所使用 的材料是未经检查的，他的观点是难以相信的，作者提出《自然》杂志就是为了发出不同的 观点。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“A critical eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.”（批判的眼光是很有价值的， 媒体应该以一种能够让人们做出明智决定的方式来呈现信息。），可知作者认为新闻媒体的批 判性眼光很重要，为了让人们做出明智决定，媒体信息的呈现方式很重要，即媒体应该客观 - 14 - 批判地呈现所有信息（让人们做出决定）。故选 A 项。 第二节 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上 写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 A young lady was standing on the corner with a map in her hand. She looked puzzled. Several people passed by, looked at her but did not stop. I wondered why. Maybe it was because of the way she was dressed. She wore a dirty dress and looked pale. As I crossed the street and came closer to her I asked if she wanted help. She thanked me and smiled in relief. As it turned out, she was looking for the hospital. I felt wonderful just reaching out, and taking that extra moment to help. Many times in these situations I end up walking a person to where he or she is going when giving directions would be too complicated. I like helping people this way due to my own experience. Many years ago, we travelled in Japan and needed directions. A kind Japanese who saw our problem came to us and helped us out. This man just took my heavy bags and guided us to where we needed to be. We could not speak any Japanese while the man could not speak any English. Although we could not communicate through words, we communicated through the heart. Sometimes when I do a special favour for a stranger, the person will say, “I hope I can do something for you one day to return the favour.” They already have done something for me by giving me the opportunity to help them. But I hope that when they come across a situation where someone needs their help, they will be willing to reach out as well. 32. Why didn’t those passers-by give a helping hand to the young lady?(no more than 10 words) 33. What was the young lady’s problem?(no more than 10 words) 34. What does the underlined sentence mean?(no more than 20 words) 35. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?(no more than 15 words) 【答案】32. Maybe it was because of the way she was dressed. 33. She didn’t know the way to the hospital./She was looking for the hospital. 34. I tend to show her/him directly to the destination instead of just giving directions. 35. Reach out as long as you can when someone needs your help. 【解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过作者的亲身经历来说明帮助别人是很有意义的，要尽 - 15 - 可能地去帮助需要帮助的人，把爱心传递下去。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Maybe it was because of the way she was dressed.（也许是因为她的穿 着。）”可知过路人不给这位女士提供帮助的原因是她的着装。故答案为 Maybe it was because of the way she was dressed。 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She thanked me and smiled in relief. As it turned out, she was looking for the hospital.（她谢过我，松了一口气，笑了，原来她是在找医院。）”可知她在找医院，即她不 知道医院怎么走。故答案为 She didn’t know the way to the hospital./She was looking for the hospital。 【34 题详解】 词句猜测题。划线句子的下文是对划线句子句意的进一步说明。根据划线句子的下文“ I like helping people this way due to my own experience.Many years ago, we travelled in Japan and needed directions. A kind Japanese who saw our problem came to us and helped us out. This man just took my heavy bags and guided us to where we needed to be. （我 喜欢这样帮助别人是因为我的一次经历。很多年前，我们在日本旅行，找不到方向了。一个 善良的日本人发现了我们的问题，来帮助我们。这个人帮我拿着我沉重的行李，带我们去了 该去的地方。） ”可知作者通过自己的这次经历学会了直接把问路的人带到目的地，而不是 只告诉他/她路线的这种帮助人的方式。故答案为 I tend to show her/him directly to the destination instead of just giving directions。 【35 题详解】 推理判断题。文章前几段叙事，最后一段总结点题，根据最后一段的最后一句“They already have done something for me by giving me the opportunity to help them. But I hope that when they come across a situation where someone needs their help, they will be willing to reach out as well.（他们已 经为我做了一些事情，给了我帮助他们的机会。但我希望，当他们遇到有人需要他们帮助的 情况时，他们也会愿意伸出援手。）”可知作者希望得到帮助的人在别人需要帮助时也要能伸出 援手，我们要尽可能地帮助需要帮助的人。故答案为 Reach out as long as you can when someone needs your help。 四、书面表达（共 1 小题，20 分） 36. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友 Tom 来信向你咨询中西方餐桌礼仪的差异，以避免与东方 - 16 - 人一起吃饭时出现尴尬局面，请根据下列要点写一封回信。 1. 西方人准时到达而中国人提前到达宴会现场； 2. 西方人的餐具为刀叉而中国人用筷子； 3. 中国人共用桌上的饭菜，西方人只吃自己的那盘菜，且中国人一般吃不完饭菜，西方人会 吃光； 4. 饮酒时西方人只喝一口，而中国人一饮而尽；敬酒时中国人举杯且碰杯，而西方人只举杯； 5. 餐后西方人吃甜食而中国人喝汤或喝茶。 注意： 1. 不少于 60 字。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom I’m glad to receive your letter ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom， I'm glad to receive your letter, asking for the differences between Chinese and Western table manners. In your country, you should come for a banquet on time while to us you have to be there ahead of time. Besides, you should learn to use chopsticks for dinner in China instead of knife and fork. In China, it is polite to drink all at once, while in your country, you may take only a sip. It's better to raise the glasses and touch them for us Chinese, yet not necessary for you westerners when making a toast. Furthermore, everyone has their own plate of food in the West, but in China everybody shares the dishes on the table.For the Chinese host, leaving some dishes on the plates means that he has - 17 - served plenty of food, but for the Western host that means the guests don't like the dishes. After the banquet, in China tea is usually served, while in your country, you know dessert is always done. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友 Tom 写一封回信，告诉他中西方餐桌礼仪的 差异，以避免与东方人一起吃饭时出现尴尬局面。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总所，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 西方人准时到达而中国人提前到达宴会现场； 2. 西方人的餐具为刀叉而中国人用筷子； 3. 中国人共用桌上的饭菜，西方人只吃自己的那盘菜，且中国人一般吃不完饭菜，西方人会 吃光； 4. 饮酒时西方人只喝一口，而中国人一饮而尽；敬酒时中国人举杯且碰杯，而西方人只举杯； 5. 餐后西方人吃甜食而中国人喝汤或喝茶。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） the differences between Chinese and Western table manners；on time；instead of；knife and fork； It's better to；plenty of；at once；raise the glasses ；take only a sip；the Western host；share the dishes 第三步：连词成句 1. I'm glad to receive your letter, asking for the differences between Chinese and Western table manners. 2. Besides, you should learn to use chopsticks for dinner in China instead of knife and fork. 3. In China, it is polite to drink all at once. - 18 - 4.For the Chinese host, leaving some dishes on the plates means that he has served plenty of food, but for the Western host that means the guests don't like the dishes. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连词成篇（衔接词） 表文章结构顺序：After 表并列补充关系：Besides, Furthermore 表转折对比关系：But,While, Yet 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰 【点睛】[高分句型 1]It's better to raise the glasses and touch them for us Chinese, yet not necessary for you westerners when making a toast.it 做形式主语和 when 引导的时间状语从句的省略。 [高分句型 2]I'm glad to receive your letter, asking for the differences between Chinese and Western table manners.现在分词作状语。