2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷02 Word版含解析

2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷02 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2021 北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷 02 英语 一、听力理解（共 25 小题，25 分。每小题 1 分） 二、完形填空（共 15 小题，15 分。每小题 1 分） 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答 案。 About a decade ago, my grandpa who was suffering from Alzheimer’s（老年痴呆症）got into my car and drove off. Angel and I___1___the police, but before they could find him, two___2___kids pulled into our driveway with my grandpa. They said they overheard him crying about being___3___at an empty gas station 10 miles away. My grandpa couldn’t remember our address, but gave the kids his first and last name. They looked him up online, found our address, and___4___him home. I was___5___on that incident today while sitting near the edge of a beautiful ocean-side cliff. I am suddenly___6___of footsteps behind me. I___7___around to see a young lady who was almost in___8___slowly walking to where I was sitting. I walked up to her and___9___,“What’s wrong?” She told me she was____10____afraid of heights, but was worried about my safety and wanted to get over her fear. Her braveness and kindness truly warmed my heart. I’ve spent the rest of the day thinking about what an extraordinary person she is, and about those amazing college kids who helped my____11____, and about what it means to be a kind and____12____person. Sometimes you have to go the extra mile, or face your biggest____13____, or stand up against your own negative tendencies to make a（n）____14____difference in someone else’s life. It’s____15____to start doing the hard things-the right things-for others. 1. A. condemned B. contacted C. consulted D. found 2. A. college B. naughty C. homeless D. kindergarten 3. A. careless B. scared C. lost D. forgetful 4. A. left B. drove C. kicked D. carried 5. A. depending B. coming C. reflecting D. going 6. A. afraid B. sceptical C. sure D. aware - 2 - 7. A. turned B. walked C. got D. looked 8. A. sadness B. surprise C. feelings D. tears 9. A. reacted B. thought C. asked D. replied 10. A. extremely B. worriedly C. anxiously D. surprisingly 11. A. father B. grandma C. uncle D. grandpa 12. A.merciful B. helpful C. careful D. peaceful 13. A. courage B. failures C. fears D. choices 14. A. positive B. little C. optimistic D. opposite 15. A.minute B. time C. honor D. luck 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者的爷爷迷路，两个好心的大学生开车把他送回家，而恐高的女士担心 在悬崖边的作者。他们的善举为别人的生活带来积极的影响。作者觉得是该到帮助别人的时 候了。 【1 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Angel和我报了警，但在他们找到他之前，两个大学生载着我的爷 爷，把他送回了家。A. condemned谴责；B. contacted交往，接触；C. consulted 咨询；D. found 发现。根据空前的 got into my car and drove off. 和空后的 the police 可知，作者报了警，也就 是与警察“接触了”。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angel和我报了警，但在他们找到他之前，两个大学生载着我的爷 爷，把他送回了家。A. college 大学；B. naughty淘气的；C. homeless 无家可归的；D. kindergarten 幼儿园。根据下文第 11空前的 those amazing college kids可知，是两个大学生帮助了爷爷。故 选 A。 【3 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们说，他们无意中听到他哭着说自己在 10英里外的一个空加 油站迷路了。A. careless粗心的；B. scared 感到害怕的；C. lost失去的；D. forgetful健忘的。 - 3 - 根据第 3空的下一句My grandpa couldn’t remember our address,可知，爷爷迷路了。故选 C。 【4 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在网上找到了他，找到了我们的地址，然后开车送他回家。A. left离开；B. drove驱使；C. kicked踢；D. carried携带，运送。根据前文 pulled into our driveway with my grandpa可知，大学生“开车”把他送回家。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我坐在美丽的海边的悬崖边，回想着那件事。A. depending 依赖；B. coming来；C. reflecting 回想，反射；D. going 去。作者面朝大海，回想着爷爷被帮 助的事情。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到身后有脚步声。A. afraid害怕的；B. sceptical怀疑 的；C. sure确信的；D. aware意识到的。根据第 6空后的 footsteps behind me可知，此处指“意 识到”。固定词组：be aware of“意识到”。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来，看见一位几乎要哭出来的年轻女士慢慢地走到我坐 着的地方。A. turned转身；B. walked散步；C. got 得到；D. looked看。根据第 5空后的 while sitting near the edge of a beautiful ocean-side cliff.可知，此处指他“转过身来”。固定短语：turn around“转过身来”。故选 A。 【8 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来，看见一位几乎要哭出来的年轻女士慢慢地走到我坐 着的地方。A. sadness伤心；B. surprise惊讶；C. feelings 感觉；D. tears眼泪。根据下文“She told me she was ___10___ afraid of heights”可知，女士几乎要哭出来了。固定词组：in tears“流着泪”。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走过去问她:“怎么了?”A. reacted反应；B. thought想，认为；C. asked 问；D. replied回答。根据空后的“What’s wrong?”可知，作者在“问”女士。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我她非常恐高，但担心我的安全，她想克服她的恐惧。A. extremely极其，非常；B. worriedly担忧地；C. anxiously忧虑地；D. surprisingly 令人惊讶地。 根据前文可知，女士几乎要哭出来，以及 afraid of heights 可知，她“非常”恐高。故选 A。 - 4 - 【11 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天剩下的时间里，我一直在思考她是一个多么了不起的人，思 考那些了不起的大学生们帮助了我的爷爷，思考成为一个善良、乐于助人的人意味着什么。A. father父亲；B. grandma 奶奶；C. uncle叔叔；D. grandpa爷爷。根据第一段中 two___2___kids pulled into our driveway with my grandpa.可知，思考那些了不起的大学生们帮助了自己的爷爷。 故选 D。 【12 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天剩下的时间里，我一直在思考她是一个多么了不起的人， 思考那些了不起的大学生们帮助了我的爷爷，思考成为一个善良、乐于助人的人意味着什么。 A. merciful 仁慈的；B. helpful 有帮助的；C. careful 细心的；D. peaceful 和平的。根据第 12 空前的 what it means to be a kind可知，前面提到的大学生和女士的行为是“乐于助人的”。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候你必须多做一些努力，或者去面对你最大的恐惧，或者去 对抗你自己的消极倾向，为别人的生活带来积极的改变。A. courage 勇气；B. failures失败；C. fears害怕；D. choices选择。根据第 13 空后的 stand up against your own negative tendencies 可 知此处指面对你最大的“恐惧”。故选 C。 【14 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候你必须多做一些努力，或者去面对你最大的恐惧，或者 去对抗你自己的消极倾向，为别人的生活带来积极的影响。A. positive积极的；B. little小的， 很少的；C. optimistic 乐观的；D. opposite 反对的。去面对你最大的恐惧，或者去对抗你自己 的消极倾向是为别人的生活带来积极的影响。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是时候开始为别人做那些困难的事情，也是正确的事情。A. minute 分钟；B. time 时间；C. honor荣誉；D. luck 运气。作者觉得是时候开始为别人做那些困难的 事情。固定句式：It’s time to do sth. “现在是做某事的时间了”。故选 B。 【点睛】解完形空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能 明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要 边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第 11小题，句意：今天剩下的时 间里，我一直在思考她是一个多么了不起的人，思考那些了不起的大学生们帮助了我的爷爷， - 5 - 思考成为一个善良、乐于助人的人意味着什么。A. father父亲；B. grandma 奶奶；C. uncle叔 叔；D. grandpa爷爷。根据第一段中 two___2___kids pulled into our driveway with my grandpa. 思 考那些了不起的大学生们帮助了自己的爷爷。故选 D。 三、阅读理解（共 20 小题，40 分，每小题 2 分） 第一节 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A The beloved childrens author Tomie depaola, who was born in Connecticut on September15, 1934 and whose imaginative and warm-hearted works crossed generations and continents died Monday at age 85. His death was announced, without details, on social media by his assistant. Bob Hechtel. Depaola’s works covered many areas of his imagination, from a magical tale centered on a kind and caring Calabrian grandmother--strega Nona, which won the Caldecott Honor Award in 1976--to retelling the inspiring Comanche story of The Legend of the Bluebonnet. In 2000 he won a Newbery Honor for his book 26 Fairmount Avenue, which described his early childhood. Quiet, published in 1980s, is one of his bestselling books. By dePaola’s own count, he worked on some 270 books--the first in 1965, and the most recent published last year. In 2011, he won a lifetime prize, the Children’s Literature Legacy Award, which praised his “considerable and lasting contribution to literature for children.” In all, nearly 25 million copies of his books have been sold around the world. Along with his work as an author, dePaola taught art and theater at various colleges in California, Massachusetts and New Hampshire. For many years, he made his home in New London. N H. In 1998, dePaola told a radio reporter that he hoped to recognize children for all their natural abilities. “As a grown-up,” he said, “I want to give children the credit for everything I can: their courage, their humor, their love, their intellectual abilities, their abilities to be fair, their abilities to be unfair. But I do wish that we grown-ups would give children lots of credit for these temporary kinds of qualities that they have.” 16. Which of the following best describes all dePaola’s works? A. Inspiring. B. Magic. C Adventurous. D. Imaginative - 6 - 17. Which of the following books reflects dePaola’s own life? A. Quiet. B. Strega Nona. C. 26 Fairmount Avenue. D. The Legend of the Bluebonnet. 18. What did dePaola think children needed? A. Adults approval. B. Various abilities. C. Major improvement. D. Superior qualities. 19. What’s the purpose of writing the text? A. To announce bad news. B. To praise a great artist. C. To introduce some books. D. To mourn a distinguished man. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. D 【解析】 文章是说明文。描述了儿童作家托米·迪波拉的作品和对儿童的影响，表达了作者对作家的 哀悼。 【16 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The beloved children’s author Tomie depaola, who was born in Connecticut on September15, 1934 and whose imaginative and warm-hearted works crossed generations and continents died Monday at age 85.” 深受儿童喜爱的作家托米·迪波拉于周一 去世， 她于 1934年 9 月 15 日出生在美国康涅狄格州，享年 85岁。她富有想象力和热情的 作品跨越了几代人和各大洲。从这里可以看出作家的风格是富有想象力的。故选 D项。 【17 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2000 he won a Newbery Honor for his book 26 Fairmount Avenue, which described his early childhood.”在 2000年，他的《26岁的费尔蒙特大街》赢得了 纽伯瑞文学奖，这本说描述了他早期的童年。所以是 26 Fairmount Avenue反映了托米·迪波 拉的生活。故选 C项。 【18 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But I do wish that we grown-ups would give children lots of credit for these temporary kinds of qualities that they have” 但我确实希望我们这些成年人能够 给予孩子们更多的信任。所以这里孩子们需要的是大人的支持。故选 A项。 【19 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The beloved children’s author Tomie depaola, who was born in - 7 - Connecticut on September15, 1934 and whose imaginative and warm-hearted works crossed generations and continents died Monday at age 85.” 深受儿童喜爱的作家托米·迪波拉于周一 去世， 她于 1934年 9 月 15 日出生在美国康涅狄格州，享年 85岁。她富有想象力和热情的 作品跨越了几代人和各大洲。第一段描述了作家的去世，后文都在说作家的作品对世界上孩 子们的影响，所以这里是为了表达对这个著名作家的哀悼。故选 D项。 B As I drove along the road, small car flew across the center divider from the opposite direction and crashed into my car head-on. I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone. I was brought to Kuala Lumpur General Hospital bleeding on from my nose, mouth and legs. But the hospital staff was too busy to attend to me, so I called a friend to tell him about the accident. Some friends arrived very soon and sent me to a private hospital nearby. I saw my injured feet hanging from my body, blue and lifeless, and I begged the doctors to save them at all cost. They calmly promised to do their best. The doctors made it. After I was discharged, I was given ten months medical leave. My heart sank, knowing that it meant I, a big man, couldn't work. How was I going to support my 65-year-old mother and other family members? I felt completely helpless, but a la of unexpected blessings came my way. When I was recovering at home, friends and relatives helped me with my banking, insurance or simply came to cheer me up. When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. Oh February the following year, I returned to my job again. Today, after eight years, I have travelled to many counties as a tour leader. The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know, and I will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble. 20. What made the author come back to life in the traffic accident? A. Someone made a call to him. B. A car crashed into his ear head-on. C. One of his friends gave him first aid. - 8 - D. His mobile phone was out of order suddenly. 21. What does the underlined part "was discharged" in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Was inspired. B. Got injured. C. Was discovered. D. Left hospital. 22. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 4? A. He is honest and strong. B. He is learned and intelligent. C. He is optimistic and determined. D. He is discouraged and desperate. 23. What conclusion does the author draw from the accident? A. Life is very precious to people. B. It's a hard job to be a tour guide. C. Many people are in trouble in life. D. It's a must for someone to help others. 【答案】20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者遭遇交通事故后，并没有因为虚弱的双腿而气馁，他乐观 而坚定。作者的遭遇让他感悟到生命的宝贵。 【20 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I fell unconscious and was awakened by the ringing of my mobile phone. 我昏过去了，被手机的铃声吵醒了。”可知是是有人打电话给作者，电话铃声让作者苏醒过来。 故答案为 A。 【21 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词的前句“The doctors made it.医生们成功治好了我”及后句“I was given ten months medical leave. 我得到了十个月的病假。”及语境判断出此处指作者出院后得到了 10 个月的病假，故划线词的意思是“出院了”，A.灵感；B.受伤了；C. 被发现了；D.离开医院。 故答案为 D。 【22 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“When the casts（石膏）were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs discourage me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy（物理疗法）with only one aim. After eight months, I was walking without the aid of a walking stick. 在石膏掉了以后，我并没有因为看到自 己虚弱的双腿而气馁。我努力地进行物理治疗，只有一个目的。八个月后，我不用拐杖就能 走路了。”可以推断出作者积极进行康复治疗，乐观而坚定。故答案为 C。 【23 题详解】 - 9 - 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The accident makes me realize how lives can change in a second. I value life more, not only of my own but also of everyone I know.这个意外让我意识到生活是如何 在瞬间改变的。我更珍惜生命，不仅是我自己，也是我认识的每一个人。”可知，这次事故 以后作者意识到了生命宝贵，结合选项可知 A选项：Life is very precious to people.（生命对人 们来说是非常宝贵的。）符合题意。故答案为 A。 C The term modern art sounds like it means art that is popular at the moment, but in fact, modern art is a style that originated over 150 years ago, and includes artists that by now have attained classic status, such as Picasso, Matisse, and Gauguin. And what’s even more ironic (讽刺的) is that the movement they pioneered, considered revolutionary at the time, was inspired largely by an object of a traditional and ancient design. As far back as the Renaissance, the primary European art movements emphasized conventional representation and adherence (遵循) to classical forms. But that began to change in the late 19th century as artists like Van Gogh and Cezanne expanded the boundaries of painting. Soon, a movement arose that sought to create an entirely new style of art, and one way of doing so was to look beyond Western civilization. Henri Matisse showed his friend Picasso a mask he had acquired made by the Dan tribe of the Ivory Coast. The mask awoke Picasso’s curiosity, leading him to visit the Trocadero Ethnographic Museum in Paris in 1907. The visit was eye-opening for Picasso, who declared that African masks were what painting was all about. At this time, Picasso had been working on a painting of five naked women in a style that would later come to be known as Cubism. And while three of these ladies show facial features found in ancient Iberian art, a nod to Picasso’s Spanish heritage, the faces of the two on the right closely resemble African masks. Created in 1907 after hundreds of sketches and studies, “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” has been considered the first truly 20th century masterpiece, breaking with many previously held notions in art. Inspiration from ancient cultures started one of the most revolutionary movements in art history, but were these artists playing the role of explorers or conquerors, stealing ideas and profiting from cultures they considered primitive? Questions like this deserve scrutiny (审查), as artists continue to redefine standards. Perhaps not too long from now, the bold innovations (单新) of modern art will be overturned by a new set of pioneers drawing inspiration from another unlikely source. - 10 - 24. The style of European art didn’t experience any changes until__________ A. artists turned to nature for inspiration. B. artists looked beyond western civilization. C. artists began to emphasize self-expression. D. artists expanded the boundaries of painting. 25. What can we learn about “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon”? A. It combined different cultural elements. B. Its distinctive style invited much criticism. C. It broke away from all conventional styles. D. It was inspired by a visit to the Ivory Coast. 26. What does the author try to convey in the last paragraph? A. Artistic creation involves imitation and innovation. B. The pioneering role of modern artists is questionable. C. Drawing inspiration from different cultures is essential. D. It’s vital that the standards of art should change constantly. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. AGlimpse into Modern European Art B. The Pioneering Figures of Modern Art C. Why We Should Redefine Modern Art D. HowAncient Art Influenced Modern Art 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代艺术如何影响现代艺术。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 As far back as the Renaissance, the primary European art movements emphasized conventional representation and adherence (遵循) to classical forms. But that began to change in the late 19th century as artists like Van Gogh and Cezanne expanded the boundaries of painting.可知，早在文艺复兴时期，欧洲的主要艺术运动就强调传统的表现形式和对古典形式 的坚持。但在 19世纪末，随着梵高和塞尚等艺术家扩大了绘画的范围，这种情况开始发生变 - 11 - 化。由此可知，欧洲艺术的风格直到艺术家扩大了绘画的范围才有了变化。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 And while three of these ladies show facial features found in ancient Iberian art, a nod to Picasso’s Spanish heritage, the faces of the two on the right closely resemble African masks. Created in 1907 after hundreds of sketches and studies, “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” has been considered the first truly 20th century masterpiece, breaking with many previously held notions in art.可知，其中三位女士的面部特征是在古代伊比利亚艺术中发现的， 这是对毕加索的西班牙遗产的一种致敬，而右边两位女士的面部特征与非洲面具非常相似。 《亚维农的少女》于 1907年创作，经过数百幅素描和研究之后，被认为是第一部真正意义上 的 20世纪杰作，打破了许多之前在艺术领域持有的观念。由此可知，Les Demoiselles d’Avignon 结合了不同的文化元素。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Questions like this deserve scrutiny (审查), as artists continue to redefine standards. Perhaps not too long from now, the bold innovations (单新) of modern art will be overturned by a new set of pioneers drawing inspiration from another unlikely source.可知，像这样 的问题值得审视，因为艺术家们还在继续重新定义标准。也许用不了多久，现代艺术的大胆 创新就会被一群从另一个不太可能的来源汲取灵感的新先锋所颠覆。由此可知，现代艺术家 的先锋作用是值得怀疑的。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段 The term modern art sounds like it means art that is popular at the moment, but in fact, modern art is a style that originated over 150 years ago, and includes artists that by now have attained classic status, such as Picasso, Matisse, and Gauguin. And what’s even more ironic (讽刺的 ) is that the movement they pioneered, considered revolutionary at the time, was inspired largely by an object of a traditional and ancient design. 可知，“现代艺术”这个词听起来 像是指当下流行的艺术，但事实上，现代艺术是一种起源于 150 多年前的风格，包括现在已 经获得经典地位的艺术家，如毕加索、马蒂斯和高更。更讽刺的是，他们开创的运动，在当 时被认为是革命性的，很大程度上是受到传统和古老设计的启发。由此可知，这篇文章主要 介绍的是“古代艺术如何影响现代艺术。”故选 D。 D The problem of robocalls (自动语言电话） has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to - 12 - pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the seriousness of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, It’s too little, too late. By the time these "solutions" become widely available, scammers will have moved into cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real. That's because there are a number of powerful voice processing and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year's I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a persuasive human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without being found. These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason why robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than accurateness. A decade of data violation of personal information has led to a solution where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's, tricking you into "confirming" your address, mother's name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice processing technologies may weaken that gradually. We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications-using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be lied to your identity. Reliability is hard to earn but easy to lose and the problem is only going harder from now on. 28. How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls? A. Panicked. B. Confused. - 13 - C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed. 29. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can____________? A. aim at victims accurately B. damage databases easily C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely 30. What does the passage want to say______________? A. Honesty is the best quality. B. Technologies can be double-edged. C. There are more solutions than problems. D. Reliability holds the key to development. 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted B. Who is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺 诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案 ) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题 的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法。不幸的是，我们的 努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手 段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到 很“失望”。故选 D项。 - 14 - 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 The reason that rob calls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确 度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的 名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。由此可知， 利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故选 A项。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和 人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好 的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。因此这项 新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把 双刃剑。故选 B项。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段提到：rob calls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未 来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑 听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可 以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严 重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话 问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故选 C项。 第二节 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上 写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and stick to that, especially if people - 15 - admire their pictures. But Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was like a man who had not yet found his own particular style of painting. He kept on struggling to find the perfect expression till his death in 1973. Some of Picasso’s paintings are rich, soft, colored and beautiful. Others are ugly and cruel and strange. But such paintings allow us to _____________ for ourselves. They force us to say to ourselves, “What does he see that makes him paint like that?” And we begin to look beneath the surface of the things we see. Picasso painted thousands of pictures in different styles. Sometimes he painted the natural look of things. Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces. He showed us what the mind knows as well as what the eye sees. At the age of 90 he remained as curious about the world as he had been when he was young. That is why people have called him “the youngest painter in the world”. 32. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) 33. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one ? At times, things in some of his pictures seemed to be in disorder. 34. Please fill in the blank with proper words to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.) 35. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. 【答案】32. Picasso’s particular style of painting. 33. Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces. 34. imagine things 35. 他 90岁高龄时，仍像小时候一样，对世界充满了好奇。这就是为什么人们称他为“世界上 最年轻的画家”的原因。 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大画家毕加索独特的作画风格。 【32 题详解】 考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and stick to that, especially if people admire their pictures. But Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was like a man who had not yet found his own particular style of painting. He kept on struggling to find the perfect expression till his death in 1973.（大多数画家会发现一种适合自己的绘画风格，并坚持下去， - 16 - 尤其是当人们欣赏他们的作品时。但是，伟大的西班牙画家毕加索似乎还没有找到自己独特 的绘画风格。他一直在努力寻找完美的表达方式，直到 1973年去世。）”可知，指出每个画 家都会有自己的风格，毕加索一直苦苦的追寻完美的绘画展现方式，通篇围绕的皆是这个主 题。故答案为 Picasso’s particular style of painting。 【33 题详解】 考查词句猜测。此句意为“有时，他的一些画里的东西似乎是混乱的。”根据第三段中 “ Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces.（有时，他似乎把它 们撕碎，扔到我们面前。）”可知，in disorder 杂乱无章的正是“break …apart and throw the pieces in…”。故答案为 Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces.。 【34 题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第二段中“They force us to say to ourselves, “What does he see that makes him paint like that?” And we begin to look beneath the surface of the things we see.（它们迫使我们 对自己说，“他看到了什么，才画出这样的画?”然后我们开始透过事物的表面去看它的背 后。）”可知，allow us to …引发我们(观赏的人)进行想象与 They force us to say to ourselves… 呼应，故答案为 imagine things。 【35 题详解】 考查翻译。分析句子可知，At the age of 90 是时间状语，翻译为“90 岁高龄时”，主语为 he“他”，谓语为 remained“保持，”短语 as…as…翻译为“和……一样”；That is why…翻 译为“这就是为什么……”。故本句可译为：他 90岁高龄时，仍像小时候一样，对世界充满 了好奇。这就是为什么人们称他为“世界上最年轻的画家”的原因。 四、书面表达（共 1 小题，20 分） 36. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jack来信说，他暑假后将到北京大学留学。请你根据以下 内容给他写一封回信，告知有关情况。 1.简单介绍北京大学； 2.生活便利、居民友善； 3.留学期间，愿提供任何帮助。 注意：词数 100左右：开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jack， I glad to know that you will come to China for further study．Now let me tell you what you are - 17 - concerned with． ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ I’m looking forward to meeting you in Beijing． Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack I’m glad to know that you will come to China for further study. Now let me tell you what you are concerned with. As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture. Studying there, you are sure to get improved in every aspect. This is the first time for you to live in a foreign country alone, but you don’t need to worry about the life there, because it is located in the business center of Beijing. Therefore, it is extremely convenient for you to live there. Besides, most people in Beijing are both kind and hospitable to foreigners. I’d like to help you find a proper host family nearby the university if necessary. I’m looking forward to our meeting in Beijing. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给暑假后将到北京大学留学的美国朋友 Jack回信告知有 关情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： - 18 - 1.简单介绍北京大学； 2.生活便利，居民友善； 3.留学期间，愿提供任何帮助。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） one of the top universities; be famous for; be sure to do; worry about; improve English; be located in; be both kind and hospitable to foreigners 第三步：连词成句 1. Studying there, you are sure to get improved in every aspect. 2. As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture. 3. This is the first time for you to live in a foreign country alone, but you don’t need to worry about the life there, because it is located in the business center of Beijing. 4. Therefore, it is extremely convenient for you to live there. 5. Besides, most people in Beijing are both kind and hospitable to foreigners. 6. I’d like to help you find a proper host family nearby the university if necessary. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：Besides 2.表转折对比关系：but 3.表因果关系：Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1]As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture.（运用了关系代词 as和 which引导的 非限定性定语从句） [高分句型 2] Studying there, you are sure to get improved in every aspect.（运用了现在分词作伴 随状语）