2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷03 Word版含解析

2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷03 Word版含解析

- 1 - 021 北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷 03 英语 一、听力理解(共 25 小题，25 分。每小题 1 分) 略 二、完形填空(共 15 小题，15 分。每小题 1 分) 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答 案。 About a year ago, I had to spend a week in a hospital, because of the deadly food poisoning. There I met an elderly woman, who ___1___ to be a professional musician. That time when I met her, the idea of learning to sing didn't ___2___ my mind. I thought it was something ___3___ and not meant for me, like being an airplane pilot. And only recently I suddenly decided to learn singing. I was ___4___ my dog early in the morning. I sang ___5___ to myself and it made me feel so wonderful. At that moment I ___6___ I had known more good songs and how to control my ___7___ better. And then I thought, why didn't I take any singing lessons? Of course, it was not a practical skill that I could use at work, but not everything in this life is about actual ___8___ and income. It was easy to find that woman. I remembered her name and there was only one ___9___ college in our city. I was afraid she would reject me because I was a terrible amateur. But she took my request very ___10___. She understood how important music was ___11___ one's soul. In my first lesson, she sat at the gorgeous big piano and ___12___ some rising notes that I had to repeat. At first I was terrified to make a sound because I feared being judged and criticized. But my teacher was kind and professional. However， she was strict when she knew I could do better. Learning to sing was like learning to walk. It was like ___13___ that all your life you had some superpower but were not aware of its ___14___. Singing taught me more than just being able to take some high or low ___15___. Most importantly, it taught me to be braver about expressing myself and my opinions. 1. A. turned out B. ran out C. went on D. called on 2. A. lose B. cross C. change D. slip - 2 - 3. A. realistic B. fashionable C. unavailable D. worthless 4. A. sorting B. owning C. evolving D. walking 5. A. jokingly B. painfully C. lightly D. properly 6. A. planned B. wished C. heard D. regretted 7. A. sound B. hope C. talk D. voice 8. A. benefit B. damage C. habits D. dates 9. A. literary B. architectural C. medical D. musical 10. A. casually B. seriously C. rudely D. uniquely 11. A. from B. under C. for D. during 12. A. wrote B. left C. played D. kept 13. A. giving out B. admitting to C. belonging to D. finding out 14. A. existence B. contents C. purpose D. forms 15. A. words B. notes C. noises D. spirits 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者食物中毒住院，在医院里遇到一位职业音乐家，作者决定 学习音乐的故事，音乐教会了作者更勇敢地表达自己。 【1 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那里，我遇到了一位老妇人，她原来是一位职业音乐家。A. turned out 结果是；B. ran out 耗尽；C. went on 继续；D. called on 拜访。 根据第 1 空前后的内容 “I met an elderly woman, who ”和 “to be a professional musician.”可以推断，此处为“结果” 她是一位音乐家。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我遇见她的时候，我并没有想过要学唱歌。 A. lose 失去；B. cross 交叉，度过；C. change 改变；D. slip 使滑动。根据后文“not meant for me, like being an airplane pilot.（不适合我，就像一个飞机飞行员。）”可知，作者并没有想过学唱歌。cross one's mind，偶然想到，故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为这是一种不可得到的东西，不适合我，就像一个飞机飞 - 3 - 行员。A. realistic 现实的；B. fashionable 流行的；C. unavailable 难以获得的；D. worthless 无价值的。 根据后文“not meant for me, like being an airplane pilot.（不适合我，就像一个飞机 飞行员。）”可知，此处指“无法获得的”东西。故选 C 项。. 【4 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：早上我在遛狗。A. sorting 整理；B. owning 拥有；C. evolving 进化；D. walking 遛狗、散步。根据常识可知，walk one's dog“遛狗”。故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我轻轻地唱给自己听，这让我觉得很美妙。A. jokingly 开玩笑地； B. painfully 痛苦地；C. lightly 轻轻地；D. properly 适当地。 根据句中“to myself”可知， 此处为唱给自己听，可以推断是“轻轻地”唱着。故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我希望自己知道更多的好歌，知道如何更好地控制自己 的声音。A. planned 计划；B. wished 希望；C. heard 听见；D. regretted 后悔。根据第 6 空后的“I had known more good songs”可知此处是虚拟语气，.所给词中只有 wish 后面的宾语 从句使用虚拟语气。故选 B 项。 【7 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我希望自己知道更多的好歌，知道如何更好地控制自己 的声音。A. sound 声音；B. hope 希望；C. talk 谈话；D. voice 嗓音。根据常识，唱歌 需要控制“嗓音”。故选 D 项。 【8 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：当然，这并不是我可以在工作中使用的实用技能，但并不是生活 中的一切都与实际的利益和收入有关。A. benefit 利益，好处；B. damage 损害；C. habits 习惯；D. dates 日期。根据“income（收入）”可知，此处为“并不是生活中的一切都与实 际的利益和收入有关”。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得她的名字，而我们城市只有一所音乐学院。A. literary 文学的；B. architectural 建筑学的；C. medical 医学的；D. musical 音乐的。根据前文“a professional musician（一名专业音乐家）”可知此处应为“音乐学院”故选 D 项。 【10 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她非常认真地对待我的请求。A. casually 随便地； B. seriously - 4 - 认真地；C. rudely 粗鲁地；D. uniquely 独特地。 根据“I was afraid she would reject me because I was a terrible amateur.（我担心她会因为我是个糟糕的业余爱好者而拒绝我。）”和 “But ”可知，此处为“认真对待作者的请求”。故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 考查借此词义辨析。句意：她明白音乐对一个人的灵魂有多么重要。 A. from 从……；B. under 在……下面；C. for 对于；D. during 在……期间。 此处指音乐对一个人来说很重要， 应用介词“for”，且“be important for”意为“对……是重要的”，是固定搭配。故选 C 项。 【12 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 在我的第一节课上，她坐在华丽的大钢琴前，弹了一些我必须重 复的升音。A. wrote 写；B. left 离开；C. played 演奏；D. kept 保持。此处指“演奏” 钢琴。故选 C 项。 【13 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意： 这就像发现你一生都有某种超能力，但却没有意识到它的存在。 A. giving out 分发，发出，放出；B. admitting to 承认；C. belonging to 属于；D. finding out 弄清楚、发现。根据第 13 空后的“all your life you had some superpower”可知，此处指“发 现”自己的超能力。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像你发现你一生都拥有某种超能力，但却不知道它的存在。A. existence 存在；B. contents 目录，内容；C. purpose 目的；D. forms 表格。根据“you had some superpower（你有超能力）”和转折连词 but 可知，此处指没有意识到超能力的“存在”。 故选 A 项。 【15 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：唱歌教会我的不仅仅是能唱高音或低音。A. words 单词；B. notes 音符；C. noises 噪音；D. spirits 精神。根据“Singing taught me”和“take some high or low” 可知，此处指高低“音符”。故选 B 项。 三、阅读理解(共 20 小题，40 分，每小题 2 分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Myles Kerr knew that being a Marine (水兵) comes with a lot of responsibility, but despite the huge weight he has on his shoulders, he has not forgotten the essence of being a public servant - 5 - — that of being human. Seven years ago, a photo of a Marine and a young boy running a marathon immediately went viral after it was shared on social media. But what seemed like a simple image packed a much deeper backstory. This story happened in 2013, but its relevance is still as powerful as ever. The pair were running The Jeff Drench Memorial 5K in Charlevoix Michigan when Myles Kerr came across Brandon Fuchs, a 9-year old boy struggling to keep up with the rest of his group. Brandon, exhausted and out of breath, asked the Marine: “Will you run with me?” People who had their eyes on the prize would have refused, but the 19 -year -old was different. Being a Marine, he knew exactly what he should do. Kerr put aside his goal of beating his mates and instead slowed down to accompany the struggling boy to the finish line. Because he chose to help the boy, the Marine ended up with the slowest time in his age group, according to the 5K results online. Though he might have lost the race, the Marine won over people’s hearts. His act of kindness was celebrated on social media. Kerr didn’t expect that his simple gesture would attract so much attention. He responded to a tweet praising his actions saying, “I was just doing what any man would do, but thank you! ” He also tweeted that he received gifts from the Fuchs family for helping out Brandon. To Kerr, being a Marine was more than just being trained for combat — it also required learning how to be kind and compassionate towards the citizens they serve. 16. What was Myles Kerr seven years ago? A. A marine. B. A public servant. C. A marathon runner. D. A Michigan citizen. 17. What is Myles Kerr’s original goal to participate in the marathon? A. To win over people’s hearts. B. To accompany the boy. C. To get the best score in his age group. D. To build up his body. 18. Which of the following best describe Myles Kerr? A. Kind and unselfish. B. Enthusiastic and generous. - 6 - C. Responsible and proud. D. Stubborn and helpful. 19. What does the story mainly convey? A. Being a Marine bears a lot. B. Kindness matters more than prizes. C. Being a Marine means a public servant. D. Good actions spread quickly. 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 【解析】 本文为记叙文。七年前，Myles Kerr 作为一名海军陆战队员，帮助一名小男孩跑马拉松的照片 在社交媒体上被分享后迅速走红。他选择帮助这个男孩虽然可能会输掉比赛，但他赢得了人 们的心。 【16 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 Seven years ago, a photo of a Marine and a young boy running a marathon immediately went viral after it was shared on social media. 和 第 四 段 Being a Marine, he knew exactly what he should do.可知，Myles Kerr 七年前是一个水兵，故 选 A。 【17 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段 Being a Marine, he knew exactly what he should do. Kerr put aside his goal of beating his mates and instead slowed down to accompany the struggling boy to the finish line.（作为一名水兵，他非常清楚自己应该做什么。科尔把打败队友的目标放 在一边，放慢速度，陪着这个苦苦挣扎的男孩冲过终点线）可知，打败队友，取得最好的成 绩是 Myles Kerr 参加马拉松的最初目标。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段 Kerr put aside his goal of beating his mates and instead slowed down to accompany the struggling boy to the finish line（Kerr 把打败队友的目标放在一边，放慢 速度，陪着这个苦苦挣扎的男孩冲过终点线）和最后一段 To Kerr, being a Marine was more than just being trained for combat it also required learning how to be kind and compassionate towards the citizens they serve.（对 Kerr 来说，作为一名水兵不仅仅是接受战斗训练，还需要学会如何善待 和同情他们所服务的公民） 可知 Myles Kerr 是一个善良和无私的人，故选 A。 【19 题详解】 - 7 - 推理判断题。根据第五段 Because he chose to help the boy, the Marine ended up with the slowest time in his age group 和第六段 Though he might have lost the race, the Marine won over people's hearts.可知，因为他帮助了男孩跑完了马拉松而输了比赛，但是赢得了人们的心，这 是比获得奖励更值得的事情，故选 B。 B I work at a grocery store in Montreal's Plateau neighbourhood, which gets a lot of regulars. On March 12, the Quebec government announced to close all public places to stop the spread of the pandemic(流行病)of coronavirus. The next day the store was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had to be kept open from 10 a. m. until close. It was nuts. I didn't have time to eat lunch, and whenever one of us on cash had to use the bathroom, we’d have to bring in a coworker off the floor to cover for us. Since then, the atmosphere in the store has been different. Customers are mostly considerate, but whenever someone coughs or sneezes, everyone turns around to make sure that person sneezed into their elbow. I've even seen customers come in wearing some strange get-ups. One guy even came in with a plastic Walmart bag wrapped around his entire head, with a slit cut out for his eyes. A lot of my coworkers have left to avoid a public-facing job during the pandemic. Grocery store workers across Canada are putting their health at risk every time they come in to work, but a lot of us are still making close to minimum wage. I realized that I feel more exhausted than normal even though I'm working the same hours. There still have been some moments of kindness in the midst of the chaos. I've overheard people talking on the phone who sounded as though they were organizing grocery deliveries for those stuck at home. And this past weekend a very nice lady thanked us for continuing to work. I know everyone is worried, but it's uneless having the same scary conversations day after day. Instead, tell us a funny anecdote, or about Homething nice. We'll appreciate the distraction, and you'll make our day just a bit brighter. 20. What does the author intend to show by " It was nuts." in paragraph 2? A. The goods were in short supply. B. The store was having a big sale. C. The cashiers complained about their work. D. The locals rushed to do shopping like crazy. - 8 - 21. What does paragraph 3 convey about customers? A. They like to shop here in disguise. B. They are panicky about the disease . C. They are more friendly to each other. D. They have taken proper preventive measures. 22. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Optimistic. B. Talented. C. Ambitious. D. Efficient. 23. What is the best title for the text? A. It is not work but worry that kills B. Helping others is helping ourselves C. Moments of kindness shine in a time of chaos D. Here is what it's like working in the pandemic 【答案】20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者从一个杂货店员工的角度，讲述了新冠疫情爆发以来在店里目睹到的 景象，有人们慌乱的反应，也有暖心的瞬间。 【20 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The next day the store was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had to be kept open from 10 a. m. until close.”可知，商店当天顾客爆满，作者用这 样的表达就是为了说明人们面对疫情惊慌失措、蜂拥而至前来购物的混乱场景。故选 D 项。 【21 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Since then, the atmosphere in the store has been different.”可 知，疫情爆发后，整个商店里的气氛都变了，结合本段给出的人们对咳嗽、打喷嚏的人很敏 感以及用购物袋包住头部的人都不难看出，人们对于疫情是感到恐慌的。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“There still have been some moments of kindness in the midst of the chaos.”和最后一句“We'll appreciate the distraction, and you'll make our day just a bit brighter.”可知，作者处在新冠疫情的紧张气氛下，还是比较冷静的，也能关注到发生的一 些美好的事情，同时对关心自己的人表示感激，应该是比较积极乐观的。故选 A 项。 - 9 - 【23 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“I work at a grocery store in Montreal's Plateau neighbourhood, which gets a lot of regulars. On March 12, the Quebec government announced to close all public places to stop the spread of the pandemic(流行病)of coronavirus.”可知，作者身为杂货店的工作人员，本 文讲述的就是新冠疫情下她在杂货店工作过程中的所见所闻，D 选项“这就是在疫情下工作的 样子”符合文章主要内容，适合作为标题。故选 D 项。 【点睛】阅读理解中主旨大意题是重难点题型之一，其中标题判断是较为常见的一个类型， 要求在阅读并理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思， 也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等推断出作者索要表达的态 度观点。为了能找出符合题意的一项，我们必须排除干扰项，一般干扰项包括以下几种类型： 1.夸大事实型——对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进行了夸大处理；2.无中生有型—— 捏造原文并不存在的信息；3.推理过头型——引申过度，使得结论过于绝对化。观察第 4 小题 的其他三个选项：A 选项“并非工作，而是忧虑才致命”属于引申过度，不符合文章主题；B 选项“帮助他人就是帮助自己”属于无中生有，与文章内容联系不足；C 选项“混乱时期的善 良时刻”就属于以偏概全，过于片面。由此也可以通过排除确定正确答案。 C They're life jacket orange, they’re robots and they're capable of sailing the high seas without human intervention. On Tuesday the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) launched a pair of Saildrones(海洋无人机) in Pacific Northwest waters for the first time. Their summer long sailing journey will stretch from Vancouver Island to California. The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons. The government wants to see whether seagoing. robots can extend fishery surveys now performed by expensive manned ships. Nora Cohen from NOAA said,“The 23 foot tong seagoing robots can follow a remotely - 10 - programmed course for up to a year at a time. And they don't require any fuel. We use wind and solar power to drive the sensors.”He added,“It means that we're able to go to places where we don't really want to send people, and go into weather that we really don't want anyone ever to be in, and be able to send back measurements.” The primary mission is to investigate the species and number of fish in existence and the places where they are. Larry Hufnagle, scientist of NOAA Fisheries in Seattle, said a traditional big NOAA research ship-based survey costs around $25，000 per day. By comparison, one Saildrone runs $2,500 per day. “It could be a significant saving,”Hufnagle said. “But like anything else, there is a tradeoff in what you get and what you don't get. On the manned ship, we have limited time. It takes a lot of people. We spend a fair amount of money. But there is one thing the Saildrone can't do that humans can: cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below. The Saildrones are going to give us additional data, not replacement data.” Nora Cohen said Sail Drone, a venture capital-backed company based in Alameda, California, expects to launch a total of 11 of its seagoing robots to survey different water bodies for NOAA this year. The Bering and Arctic seas, coastal California and Gulf of Mexico will be the locations of additional missions. 24. What is the purpose of collecting fish data? A. To explore the ocean. B. To assist fishing industry. C. To learn the habits of fish, D. To improve fishing skills 25. What is mainly discussed about the Saildrone in Paragraph 3? A. Its advantages. B Its appearance. C. Its power systems. D. Its primary mission. 26. What does the underlined word “tradeoff”in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Debate. B. Reason. C. Reality. D. Balance. - 11 - 27. What can be inferred from the text? A. The Saildrone has a promising future. B. Hufnagle thinks little of the Saildrone. C. Manned ships will be completely replaced. D. Production of seagoing robots is restricted. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。介绍了海上无人机的引入将给人类带来的好处。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据关键词 collecting fish data 可以定位文章第二段第三句 The Saildrone operators will collect data to help set future fishing seasons. 无人机操作员将收集数据，帮助设定未来的捕 鱼季节。可以得出。收集数据是帮助设定未来的捕鱼季节。选线 B 和文意相符。故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 主旨大意题。结合题干定位第三段。本段讲解的是：国家海洋和大气局的诺拉 · 科恩说 23 英尺长的海洋机器人，可以进行远程程序控制，每次航行长达一年。 它们不需要任何燃料。 “我们用风能和太阳能驱动传感器” 他补充说，“这意味着我们可以去到我们不想派人去的地 方，去到我们真的不想让任何人去的天气，并且可以发回测量数据。”据此可以得出，本段 主要讲述的是海洋机器人的优势。选项 A 符合文意。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据关键词可以定位到文章第五段第二句 But like anything else, there is a tradeoff in what you get and what you don't get，结合本段第一句“It could be a significant saving,” 这可 能是一个重大的节省。知道了使用无人机能节省很多钱。理解本段第六句 But there is one thing the Saildrone can't do that humans can: cast a net to catch and positively identify the fish detected below. 但有一件事情，帆船不能做到，人类可以: 撒网捕捉，并肯定地识别下面检测到的鱼。 可知，人类能做的事情在无人机这却不能实现。对比理解，即可推断出对与无人机而言，人 类从其处能得到的和不能得到的这就是一种平衡。据此可以得出“tradeoff”意思是平衡。 故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容：诺拉 · 科恩说，总部位于加州阿拉米达的风险投资公司 - 12 - Sail Drone 预计今年将推出 11 个航海机器人，为 NOAA 勘测不同的水域。 白令海和北冰洋， 加利福尼亚海岸和墨西哥湾，将是其他任务的地点。据此可以得出，Sail Drone 海上无人机的 前景比较光明。选项 A 符合题意。故选 A 项。 D Clothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers (零售商) are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shopper. But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems. Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented — receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing. She writes, ''An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of carbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study by Levi's.'' Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant, still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with alternatives, although these aren't great either. Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it's so easily accessible. There's something called ''share washing'' that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as ''a way to share rides and limit ear ownership.'' and yet ''it has been proven to discourage walking,bicycling, and public transportation use.'' Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. There's an even better step — that's wearing what is already in the closet. 28. What is Elizabeth Cline's attitude toward clothing rental? - 13 - A. Approving. B. Unfavorable. C. Objective. D. Enthusiastic. 29. The Uber example in Paragraph 6 indicates that . A. rental services are on the rise B. clothing rental will be as successful as Uber C. renting clothes might waste more than expected D. renting clothes might make people lose interest in fast fashion 30. The author suggests that we should . A. give up renting any clothing B. purchase inexpensive clothes C. rent clothes rather than buy them D. make full use of clothes we've possessed 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. Clothing rental is a new fashion. B. Clothing rental is retailers' preference. C. Renting clothes is not that eco-friendly. D. Renting-clothes business is in a dilemma. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。服装租赁业是一种新型的流行的产业，并通过克莱因的调查说明了服装租 赁业存在的一些缺点，比如相比于直接购买衣服，租衣服在运输方面消耗了更多的碳能源； 干洗租赁的衣服会给空气造成污染；还会导致人们急于追求快速时尚，而随意浪费。最后作 者提出最好的方法是要穿已经在衣柜里的衣服。 【28 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的 Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.(记者兼作者 Elizabeth Cline 调查了这个问题， 她总结服装租赁似乎没有看起来那么可持续)可推测，Elizabeth Cline 不赞成服装租赁。B. Unfavorable.(不赞成的)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段的 There's something called ''share washing'' that makes people waste - 14 - more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, (有一种叫“共享清洗”的东西，它让人们更精准的浪费，因为一个 产品或服务是共享的，因此它被认为是更环保，优步就是其中的一个例子)可知，举 Uber 的 例子是为了说明服装租赁可能会造成比想象中更多的浪费。C. renting clothes might waste more than expected(服装租赁可能会造成比想象中更多的浪费)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 There's an even better step — that's wearing what is already in the closet.( 这儿有一个更好的办法——即穿已经在衣柜里的衣服)可推测，作者建议我们穿自己已 经拥有的衣服。D. make full use of clothes we've possessed(充分利用我们已经拥有的衣服)符合 以上说法，故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第三段的 Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.(克莱因写道， 消费者的交通工具的碳足迹仅次于制造业)，第五段的 Then there's the burden of washing(此外， 还有洗涤的负担)和第六段的 Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it's so easily accessible. (最后，Cline 担心租赁服务会增加我们对快速 时尚的兴趣，因为它很容易获得)可知，本文主要讲述衣服租赁并不是人们所说的那样环保 C. Renting clothes is not that eco-friendly.(服装租赁没有那么环保)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 第二节 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上 写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another culture or race. People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them. For example, most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times. They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own. “Most local stories are based on a larger theme,” American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says, “Cinderella, or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness, appears in various forms - 15 - in almost every culture of the world.” Working with students in schools, Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories. She works with prisoners too, helping them know who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. If they don’t like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story. Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers. “For every advance in business,” she says, “there is a greater need for communication.” Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says. Pugh spent several years in Nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there. The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says. “I learned how people used stories to spread their culture,” she says. “What I do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs. We are all storytellers. We all have a story to tell. We tell everybody’s story.” 32. What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 10 words) ________________________ 33. How do American storytellers think of storytelling?(no more than 10 words) ________________________ 34. What groups of people has Pugh practiced storytelling with?(no more than 6 words) ________________________ 35. Please explain the underlined phrase (Para.4) in English.(no more than 5 words) ________________________ 【答案】32. Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others. 33. They find storytelling useful for both children and adults. 34. Students,prisoners,managers and workers. 35. Start a new life. 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国故事讲述者 Opalanga Pugh 和其对于讲故事的理念、经历和 贡献。 【32 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a - 16 - child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another culture or race.”（讲一个故事，而且讲得好，你可能会让一个孩子的眼睛睁得大大的，在生意中打开 交流的通道，甚至打开人们对另一种文化或种族的思维。）以及最后一段“We are all storytellers. （我们都是讲故事的人。）”可知，整篇文章围绕讲故事对人们的影响：帮助人们了解自己，理 解不同文化背景的人展开。故总结本文的大意是讲故事帮助人们了解自己及他人。故答案是 Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others. 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.（他们认为讲述故事不仅是教育孩子的有用的工具， 也是帮助成人理解他们自己以及与他们文化不同的人们的有意义的活动。）”可知美国人认为讲 故事对大人和小孩都有用处。故答案是 They find storytelling useful for both children and adults。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Working with students in schools,（和学校的学生一起共事）”、“She works with prisoners too（她也和囚犯一起共事）”、“Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers.（Pugh 还致力于帮助开拓经理和工人之间的沟通渠道。）”可知 Pugh 和学生、囚犯、经理和工人一起实践讲故事这件事。故答案是 Students，prisoners，managers and workers。 【35 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“She works with prisoners too, helping them know who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives. If they don’t like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story. （她也和囚犯一起工作，通过讲述聆听者们在生 活中可以写、可以导演、可以表演的故事，帮助他们了解他们是什么样的人。如果他们不喜 欢他们现在的故事，他们可以改写这个故事。）”可推测，此处的“rewrite the story”是指囚犯们 意识到应该如何生活时，可以改过自新，开始新的生活。故答案是 Start a new life。 四、书面表达(共 1 小题，20 分) 36. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史 很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim 回信，内容包括： 1. 该人物是谁； 2. 该人物的主要贡献； - 17 - 3. 该人物对你的影响。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________ Yours Sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I'm so glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese culture. In order to help you obtain further understanding on Chinese culture, I will show you one of my favorite history figures to you. His name is Confucius(circa 551-479 BC). He is a philosopher, a politician and an educator. He has become an educator since his thirties. He is one of the most famous people in ancient China. He is the creator of the Confucianism. One of his saying “The benevolent loves others.” has developed into the kernel of the Confucianism. His thought has a great influence on Chinese culture. In addition, as an educator, he proposed the thought “Education without Distinction”. Many of his thoughts in education are widely applied in teaching. Since Confucius teachings and philosophy were so advanced, it has been the education for China for 2,000 years. It is called Confucianism. His thought in teaching is considered as a wise guidance in my study. If you want to know more, please let me know. I will send you some books. Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友 Jim 写封信，介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 - 18 - 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在完成时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 该人物是谁； 2. 该人物的主要贡献； 3. 该人物对你的影响。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be interested in; in order to; Confucius; philosopher; educator; creator; Confucianism; kernel; have a great influence on; in addition; widely applied; philosophy; be considered as; want to do; send sb. sth. 第三步：连词成句 1.I'm so glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese culture. 2.In order to help you obtain further understanding on Chinese culture, I will show you one of my favorite history figures to you. 3.His name is Confucius(circa 551-479 BC). 4.He is a philosopher, a politician and an educator. 5.He has become an educator since his thirties. 6.He is one of the most famous people in ancient China. 7.He is the creator of the Confucianism. 8.One of his saying “The benevolent loves others.” has developed into the kernel of the Confucianism. 9.His thought has a great influence on Chinese culture. 10.In addition, as an educator, he proposed the thought “Education without Distinction”. 11.Many of his thoughts in education are widely applied in teaching. 12.Since Confucius teachings and philosophy were so advanced, it has been the education for China for 2,000 years. 13.It is called Confucianism. 14.His thought in teaching is considered as a wise guidance in my study. 15.If you want to know more, please let me know. - 19 - 16.I will send you some books. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：In addition 2.表因果关系：Because As, So, Thus（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] I'm so glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese culture. (运用了 that 引 导宾语从句) [高分句型 2] Since Confucius teachings and philosophy were so advanced, it has been the education for China for 2,000 years. (运用了 since 引导原因状语从句)