2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 01 词类、短语辨析 （教师版）

2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 01 词类、短语辨析 （教师版）

‎2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编 专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析 一、2020年高考真题 ‎1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.‎ ‎【答案】extremely ‎【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。‎ ‎2.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.‎ ‎64．【答案】interest ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。‎ ‎65．【答案】than ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。‎ ‎3.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.‎ ‎69．【答案】much ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。‎ ‎70．【答案】its ‎【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。‎ ‎4.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. ‎ ‎【答案】将simply改为simple ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。‎ ‎5.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. ‎ ‎【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks ‎【解析】考查名词复数。句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。‎ ‎6.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove， I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.‎ ‎【答案】将off改为on ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：之后我把油倒进一个平底锅，然后开火。根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知，把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子，所以此处应使用短语turn on，故将off改为n。‎ ‎7.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）＂Not that way，＂my mom tried to stop us but failed.‎ ‎【答案】将us改为me ‎【解析】考查代词。句意：“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了。根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜，此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”，应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将us改为me。‎ ‎8.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.‎ ‎【答案】celebration ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。‎ ‎9.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.‎ ‎【答案】than ‎【解析】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。‎ ‎10.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.‎ ‎【答案】Certainly ‎【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。‎ ‎11.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home.‎ ‎【答案】with ‎【解析】考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。‎ ‎12.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.‎ ‎【答案】beautiful ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。‎ ‎13.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）I’m surely you’ll have a good time.‎ ‎【答案】将surely改为sure ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。‎ ‎14.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.‎ ‎【答案】将vacations改为vacation ‎【解析】考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。‎ ‎15.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.‎ ‎【答案】将such改为so ‎【解析】考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so。‎ ‎16.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.‎ ‎【答案】去掉on ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为“每一天”，前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余，应去掉。‎ ‎17.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. ‎ ‎【答案】将yours改为your ‎【解析】考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。‎ ‎18.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）See you sooner.‎ ‎【答案】将sooner改为soon ‎【解析】考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。‎ ‎19.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.‎ ‎【答案】finest ‎【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。‎ ‎20.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）Filled with 64． (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.‎ ‎【答案】curiosity ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。‎ ‎21.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.‎ ‎【答案】gently ‎【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。‎ ‎22.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70． earth, Mother Nature.‎ ‎【答案】on ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。‎ ‎23.（2020·江苏卷单项填空）There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time.‎ A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。‎ ‎24. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.‎ A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。‎ ‎25. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.‎ A. in exchange for B. in answer to C. in contact with D. in memory of ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换；B. in answer to回答；C. in contact with接触，与……有联系；D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知，此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。‎ ‎26. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.‎ A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:‎ 这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个；B. whenever无论何时；C. wherever无论何地；D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎27. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______.‎ A. reservation B. transformation C. distinction D. submission ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation预订；B. transformation改革，变革；C. distinction区别；D. submission提交。根据前文The health security systems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。‎ ‎28. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.‎ A. allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。‎ ‎29.（2020·天津卷单项填空）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.‎ A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。‎ ‎30．（2020·天津卷单项填空）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.‎ A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎31．（2020·天津卷单项填空）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.‎ A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。‎ ‎32．（2020·天津卷单项填空）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.‎ A．in the shape of B．beyond the reach of C．at the mercy of D．on the side of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状；B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配；D. on the side of拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。‎ ‎33．（2020·天津卷单项填空）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.‎ A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据；B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。‎ ‎34.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.‎ ‎【答案】wealthy ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。‎ ‎35.（2020·山东卷语法填空）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or 43（walking）(walk)through a rainforest.‎ ‎【答案】themselves ‎【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。‎ ‎36.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Historical 44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.‎ ‎【答案】accuracy ‎【解析】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。‎ ‎37.（2020·山东卷语法填空）Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements.‎ ‎【答案】for ‎【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。‎ ‎38.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56． ，through agriculture.56．‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。‎ ‎39.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）Later，they learned to work with the 62． (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63（making） (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their ‎ fields.‎ ‎【答案】seasons ‎【解析】考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。‎ 二、2020届模拟题 ‎1. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)The naughty boy was so curious that he________his neck to see what was going on.‎ A. fastened B. stretched C. exposed D. strengthened ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个淘气的男孩是如此好奇，以至于他伸长脖子，看正在发生什么。A. fastened 系紧；B. stretched拉伸，伸展；C. exposed暴露于；D. strengthened增强，加强。根据to see what was going on，判断出是“伸长脖子”。故选B项。‎ ‎2. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查) Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.‎ A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; /‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。故答案选A。‎ ‎3. (2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)These reports give an ______ rather than the details. Some important things are not included.‎ A. mark B. account C. comment D. outline ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些报告给出了梗概而不是细节。一些重要的事情没有包括在内。A. mark标记；B. account账户；描述；C. comment评论；D. outline概要。根据下文“一些重要的事情没有包括在内。”说明仅仅是给出了概要。故选D。‎ ‎4. ( 2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练) Be careful about the boundary between your work and your life, or your attitude and emotion in one area will affect the other.‎ A. randomly B. negatively C. confidentially D. arbitrarily ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：注意工作和生活的界限，否则你在某一方面的态度和情绪会对另一方面产生负面影响。A. randomly 随便地，随地的；B. negatively 消极地，负面地 C. confidentially 秘密地；D. arbitrarily 武断地。分析句子，前句提到要分清楚工作和生活，不然相互之间会产生负面影响。故选B项。‎ ‎5.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)The event is a clear indication that food safety is a big problem; nobody can ________ all foods are secure to us, but we are sure that the situation is turning for the better.‎ A. acknowledge B. guarantee C. identify D. clarify ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查动词。句意：这一事件清楚地表明，食品安全是个大问题;没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的，但我们确信情况正在好转。A. acknowledge承认，致谢；B. guarantee保证；C. identify识别；D. clarify澄清。分析句子可知，此处应表示没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎6.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)Winning ________ in the international market, China’s high-quality products have brought us a good profit.‎ A. regulation B. devotion C. recognition D. insurance ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词。句意：在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。A. regulation规章制度；B. devotion奉献；C. recognition认可；D. insurance保险。分析句意可知，此处应表示在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎7. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)We have to get the economy under control or it will____________eat us up.‎ A. literally B. normally C. primitively D. originally ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们必须设法控制经济，不然它非把我们完全吞噬了不可。A. literally完全地；B.normally 正常地；C. primitively最初地；D. originally原始地。分析句子可知，此处表示强调，意为“完全地”。故选A。‎ ‎8.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)The majority of scientists are ________‎ ‎ about their achievements no matter how great they are, not liking showing off on public occasions.‎ A. curious B. particular C. modest D. anxious ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查形容词。句意：大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚，不管他们有多伟大，都不喜欢在公共场合炫耀。A. curious好奇的；B. particular特别的；C. modest谦虚的；D. anxious焦虑的。分析句意可知，大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎9.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ________.‎ A. another B. the other C. one another D. one ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查代词用法。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方式，重复使用是另一种方式。another的意思是“另一个，又一个”，非特指；the other 的意思是“两者中的另一个”是特指；one another的意思是“互相”；one的意思是“一个”，非特指。此处不是特指，指的是很多种中的另一种，故选A。‎ ‎10. ( 2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练) —Is nobody else going to_____?‎ ‎—3.5 million $!‎ A. bid B. charge C. bargain D. evaluate ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：--没有其他人竞标了吗?--350万美元！A. bid出价；B. charge索价；C. bargain讨价还价；D. evaluate评估。后句为“350万美元”，是一个准确价格，所以前句应提问价格。“bid”表竞标，回答为一个准确的价格。其中“evaluate”表估价，回答一般为一个大概的价格。故选A项。‎ ‎11. (2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试) Careers Officers ______ contact with young people when they have left school in case they need help in job-hunt.‎ A. maintain B. dismiss C. abandon D. hold ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在年轻人离开学校时Careers Officers保持与他们联系，以防他们在求职中需要帮助。A. maintain维持；保持；B. dismiss解雇；C. abandon放弃；D. hold持有。根据下文“以防他们在求职时需要帮助”可推断，职业人员与他们保持联系。故选A。‎ ‎12. (2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly ______.‎ A. false B. visible C. familiar D. imaginary ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然小说中的主要人物是如此真实的生活，但他们肯定是虚构的。A. false假的；B. visible可见的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. imaginary虚构的；想象的。Although引导让步状语从句，前后句是转折关系，与true相对用 ‎13. (2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试) The weather here is great, with temperatures ______ from a low of 55°F to a high of 75 °F in the summer.‎ A. range B. ranged C. to rang D. ranging ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这里的天气很好，夏天的温度从华氏55°到华氏75°不等。分析句子可知，此处是with+宾语+宾语补足语复合结构，temperatures与range是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选D。‎ ‎14. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查) The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.‎ A. that B. one C. it D. this ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。‎ ‎15. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)The company is running out of its fund__________and may soon be unable to pay its bills.‎ A. reserves B. sources C. incomes D. collections ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司的资金储备已经用完，可能很快就无法支付账单。‎ A. reserves储备；B. sources来源；C. incomes收入；D. collections收集。由下一句may soon be unable to pay its bills可知，是资金储备用完了，可能才无法支付账单。故选A项。‎ ‎16. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟) It's a(n)_________choice between taking the job and staying out of work.Better not waste more time on it!‎ A. straight B. flexible C. intelligent D. important ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：干不干这份工作是一个直接的选择，最好不要再这上浪费时间了！A. straight直接的；B. flexible灵活的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. important重要的。根据“Better not waste more time on it!”可知此处表示“直接的”，故A项正确。‎ ‎17. (2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查) An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.‎ A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查介词短语的含义。at random任意地，随机地；by chance偶然地；in turn 依次，轮流，反而；on occasion有时，偶然。句意：最近，乘渡轮去南部岛屿旅游的一位艺术家发现了一个失传已久的希腊花瓶。‎ ‎【名师点睛】介词短语辨析是高考常考点。解答这类题目，首先要知道各选项词组的意思，其次要理解题干的意思，然后像数学中的代入法一样，依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较，不难选出正确答案。关键还是在平时学习的过程中，多积累多总结多记忆。‎ ‎18. The youth like me mostly take a liking to pop music more than classical music, which really ______us .‎ A. turns...down B. turns...in C. turns...over D. turns...off ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：像我这样的年轻人大多更喜欢流行音乐而不是让人失去兴趣的古典音乐。A. turns...down 关小；B. turns...in上交，归还；C. turns...over翻转，移交；D. turns...off关掉，使失去兴趣。这里的定语从句是来修饰classic music的，相比与流行音乐，古典音乐要无趣一些，会让人失去兴趣。故此题选D。‎ ‎19. ( 2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)Meeting all the ______applied to Earth’s seven other continents, Zealandia is on its way to becoming a new continent.‎ A. criteria B. curricula C. data D. phenomena ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：符合地球其他七大洲的所有标准，新西兰正在成为一个新的大陆。A. criteria标准；B. curricula课程；C. data数据；D. phenomena现象。本句前半部分为现在分词作状语，applied to Earth’s seven other continents(适用于地球新的七大洲)为后置定语。meet all the criteria为固定搭配，意为“符合所有标准”。故选A。‎ ‎20. (2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)— Can you tell me how to keep my appetite_____________?‎ ‎— Dividing one heavy meal into two smaller ones is helpful.‎ A. at ease B. at peace C. in check D. in secret ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？——把一顿大餐分成两顿小餐是有帮助的。A. at ease安逸；B. at peace处于和平状态；C. in check受控制的；D. in secret秘密地。结合后文的回答是在建议控制食欲的方法，故提问的是“你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？”。故选C。‎ ‎21. (2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)At the online job fair, students can review job opportunities,__________their CVs and have interviews remotely.‎ A. drop off B. make up C. cut out D. put away ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在网上招聘会上，学生可以查看工作机会，投递简历，远程面试。‎ A. drop off放下、递交；B. make up编造；C. cut out切断；D. put away放好。根据空后的“their CVs and have interviews”可知此处表示“投递简历”，故A项正确。‎ ‎22. (2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)The artists staged music and dances with Nantong features at the folk festival, winning applause_________.‎ A. at will B. at random C. at intervals D. at odds ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：艺术家们在民间艺术节上表演了南通特色的歌舞，不时地赢得阵阵掌声。A. at will任意地；随意地；B. at random随机的；C. at intervals间或；不时；D. at odds有分歧；不一致。根据句意，表演不时地赢得掌声。故选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎