高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修7 Unit 4 Sharing

高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修7 Unit 4 Sharing

Unit 4 Sharing Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． adj.　　　　　有关的；切题的 ‎2． vi.& vt. 调整；(使)适合 ‎3． vi. 参与；参加 ‎4． conj. 否则；不然 ‎　　　 adv. 用别的方法；其他方面 relevant adjust participate otherwise ‎5． n. 特权；特别优待 ‎6． n. 安排；排列 ‎7． vt.& n. 烤(面包等)；敬酒；烤面包(片)；干杯 ‎8． vt. 捐赠 ‎9． adj. 自愿的，无偿的 ‎10． vt.& n. 买；购买 ‎11． vi. (用针线)缝 ‎　vt. 缝制；缝合 ‎12． adj. 政治的；政党的 privilege arrangement toast donate voluntary purchase sew political ‎13． vt. 分配，分发 ‎14． n. 分配；分发；分布状态 ‎15． n. 安全；保护，保障 ‎16． vi.& vt. 工作；运转；操作 ‎17． n. 门诊部；小诊所 distribute distribution security operate clinic Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．hear 接收……的信 ‎2．the day 不久前的一天 ‎3．dry (指河流、井等)干涸 ‎4． to 适应 ‎5．to be 诚实的说 ‎6．Get 通过 ‎7．set 建立；开张 ‎8．(be) to do 极想；渴望做某事 ‎9．dry (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 from other up adapt honest through ‎ up dying out ‎10．in 在困难中；在危急中 ‎11．come 遇见 ‎12．stick 伸出 need across out Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．Once the fire was going，he laid stones on it.‎ ‎[信息提取]　once意为“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　你只要和他谈谈，就会了解他是个好人。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you will know he is a good person.‎ ‎【答案】　Once you talk to him ‎2．He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.‎ ‎[信息提取]　本句式中leave为动词，意为“让……继续处于某种状态”，构成“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　他出去玩了，作业还没做完。‎ He went out to play，________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　leaving his homework unfinished ‎ ‎3．You asked whether I am getting to know any local people.‎ ‎[信息提取]　whether conj.引导名词性从句或状语从句，意为“是否，会不会，不管，不论”。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　你必须做这件事，不管你喜欢还是不喜欢。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you’ll have to do it.‎ ‎【答案】　Whether you like it or not ‎4．We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.‎ ‎[信息提取]　from where引导定语从句修饰a ridge。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　通过我们住的地方可以看到湖的美景。‎ We could have________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　a good view of the lake from where we lived participate vt.参与；参加 I participate in your suffering and joy.‎ 我跟你同甘共苦。‎ They actively participate in local politics.‎ 他们积极参与当地政治活动。‎ She didn’t participate in the discussion.‎ 她没有参加此讨论。‎ ‎1．Every four years，many athletes from different countries________the Olympic Games.‎ A．take part in　　　B．participate in C．join D．both A and B ‎【答案】　D ‎2．Students in our school are encouraged to________more activities after class in order to broaden their knowledge.‎ A．attend B．join C．take part D．participate in ‎【解析】　participate in＝take part in表示“参加集体活动”的意思。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．All of them thought it necessary that he________the meeting.‎ A．attend B．join C．participate in D．take part in ‎【解析】　attend a meeting参加(出席)会议。‎ ‎【答案】　A adjust vt.& vi.调整；使适合 ‎(1)adjust sth.to sth.调整……以适应……‎ My camera can be adjusted to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.‎ 我的照相机可以进行调节，不管是阴天还是晴天都可以照相。‎ She adjusted the seat to the height of her child.她把座椅调到适合她孩子的高度。‎ adjust/adapt oneself to使自己适应于……‎ She soon adjusted/adapted herself to his way of life.‎ 她很快使自己适应了他的生活方式。‎ She found it hard to adjust to working at night.‎ 她发现自己很难适应夜间工作。‎ ‎4．You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly________to your sight.‎ A．adapted B．admitted C．adopted D．adjusted ‎【解析】　句意为：除非你把望远镜调节得完全适合你的视线，否则你看不见。根据上下文和一般常识可知道，用telescope看必须先调整好距离，才能看得清，因此后半句话一定是调节以适合视线，故D是正确答案。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎ ‎5．(2009年杭州模拟)—Did he say something in the lecture that________you?‎ ‎—Not really.Actually I felt sleepy over his speech.‎ A．adjusted to B．attached to C．referred to D．appealed to ‎【解析】　考查动词短语辨析。根据下文可知演讲并没有吸引我。故选appeal to对……有吸引力；adjust to适应；attach to依附于……；refer to提及。‎ ‎【答案】　D donate vt.捐赠；赠送 Last year he donated 100,000 dollars to cancer research.‎ 去年他捐赠10万美元支持癌症研究工作。‎ She donated a large sum of money to the charity.‎ 她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。‎ ‎(1)donation n．捐赠，捐献；捐款，捐赠物 give/make/present a donation to...捐赠 send a donation to...把捐款寄至……‎ ‎(2)donator n．捐赠者，赠送者 She made a donation of a thousand dollars.‎ 她捐出了1 000美元。‎ The work of the charity is funded by voluntary donations.‎ 这家慈善机构工作所需资金是人们自愿捐赠的。‎ ‎6．If most breadwinners________a day’s pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful.‎ A．gift B．donate C．present D．give ‎【解析】　句意为：“如果大多数挣工资的人把一天的所得捐献给希望工程的话，那希望工程就有希望了。”donate捐献；present(作为礼物)赠送；give给予；gift为名词“礼物”。‎ ‎【答案】　B privilege ‎(1)n.特权；荣幸；优惠 Education is a privilege in many countries.‎ 在许多国家里，受教育是一种特权。‎ It’s a privilege to spend the holiday with you.‎ 能与你共同度过这个假期，真是我的殊荣。‎ ‎(2)vt.给予……特权 In some countries，the president can privilege somebody from capital punishment.‎ 在有些国家里，总统可以特赦一些人免于死刑。‎ We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.‎ 我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。‎ ‎7．Ladies and gentlemen，I have the great privilege________introducing our speaker for tonight.‎ A．in B．of C．about D．on ‎【解析】　have the privilege of doing很荣辛地做某事。句意为：女士们、先生们，我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎(1)vt.& vi.操作，管理 He is good at operating a machine.他擅长操作机器。‎ This is a new model machine which is very easy to operate.‎ 这是一台很容易操作的新型机器。‎ The company operates three factories.这公司拥有三个工厂。‎ ‎(2)vi.动手术 I went to see him in the hospital on Friday when he was operated on.我星期五去医院看他了，就在那一天他动了手术。‎ ‎(3)vi.起作用，见效 The sleeping pill operated at once.那安眠药马上见效。‎ ‎(4)vi.运转，工作 The sewingmachine doesn’t operate properly.‎ 这台缝纫机无法正常运转。 ‎ ‎8．The doctor said that the patient had________at once.‎ A．to operate B．to be operated C．operated D．to be operated on ‎【解析】　operate作“动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，所以表示“给某人动手术”用短语operate on sb.，其被动语态介词on应该保留。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎9．The equipment is designed to________in all weather conditions.‎ A．arrange B．change C．operate D．manage ‎【解析】　这种设备设计的可以在所有气候条件下运转。‎ ‎【答案】　C be dying to 极想，渴望 I’m dying to know what happened to him.‎ 我很想知道他出了什么事。‎ I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here.‎ 我知道你渴望知道我这儿的一切生活状况。‎ ‎(1)be dying for sth.渴望得到某物 I’m dying for a piano.我渴望得到一架钢琴。‎ She was anxious to finish school and get a job.‎ 她渴望毕业找份工作。‎ ‎10．When will the result of the exam be announced？The students are________to know it.‎ A．agreeing B．dying C．deciding D．desiring ‎【解析】　be dying to do sth.极想做某事。desire意为“渴望；渴求”后可接动词不定式，但不用于进行时。‎ ‎【答案】　B in need在困难中；在危急中 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。‎ We are collecting money for families in need.‎ 我们正在为有困难的家庭募捐。‎ in need of 需要 There is no need for sth.不需要某物 There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事 The house is in need of repair.这房子需要整修一下。‎ There is no need for you to worry about it.‎ 你没有必要担心此事。‎ ‎11．(2008年天津卷)Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ________ financial aid.‎ A．in favour of B．in honour of C．in face of D．in need of ‎【解析】　句意为：很多中国大学为需要经济资助的大学生提供奖学金。in favour of赞同，支持，有利于；in honour of向……表示敬意；in face of面临；in need of需要。‎ ‎【答案】　D hear from sb.收到某人的来信，相当于receive one’s letter。‎ Have you heard from your brother?‎ 你收到你哥哥的信了吗？‎ I heard from my sister in New York yesterday.‎ 我昨天收到了在纽约的姐姐的来信。‎ I look forward to hearing from you.盼望着收到你的信。‎ hear of/about 听说 She disappeared and was never heard of again.‎ 她消失了，再也没人听到过她的消息。‎ I was sorry to hear about your accident.‎ 获悉你遇到意外，我很难过。‎ ‎12．(2008年湖南卷)—When did you last hear________Jay?‎ ‎—He phoned me this morning，and we agreed________a time and place to meet.‎ A．of；to ‎ B．about；with C．from；with ‎ D．from；on ‎【解析】　句意为：“你最后一次得知Jay的消息是什么时候？”“今天早上他给我打电话，我们约定了见面的时间和地点。”hear about/of听到有关……，听说；hear from收到……的来信；得知某人的消息；agree on sth.在……方面取得一致意见；agree to do sth.同意做某事；agree to sth.同意计划、安排、方案等；agree with sth./sb.同意某人(的意见)。‎ ‎【答案】　B We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep slope to the valley below.‎ 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。‎ from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge，关系副词where前一般不加介词，但from where却是个例外。‎ ‎①There are many websites，from where you can find almost all the necessary information.‎ 有许多网址，从那里你能够找到几乎所有必要的信息。‎ ‎②China is the birthplace of kites，from where kiteflying spread to Japan，Korea and India.‎ 中国是风筝的故乡，从那里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜和印度。‎ ‎③We could have a good view of the lake from where we lived.‎ 通过我们住的地方可以看到湖的美景。‎ ‎13．The following are some popular websites________people can sell goods to each other.‎ A．where B．which C．when D．whose ‎【解析】　where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，意思是“在这些网站上”。‎ ‎【答案】　A The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a contribution toward the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有需要的人一项捐助。‎ not...but...意思是“不是……，而是……”，连接两个表语。‎ not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。‎ I’m not a student but a teacher.我不是学生而是老师。‎ He does not work but play all day.他整天不学习只是玩耍。‎ not only...but (also)，either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词按“就近一致”原则确定。‎ as well as连接主语时，谓语动词按“就前一致”原则确定。‎ Not he but you are wanted on the telephone.‎ 电话找的是你不是他。‎ ‎14．(2008年江苏卷)It is often said that the joy of traveling is________in arriving at your destination________in the journey itself.‎ A．/；but B．/；or C．not；or D．not；but ‎【解析】　句意为：我们常说旅游的乐趣不在于你最终所到达的目的地，而在于旅途本身的过程。not...but...不是……而是……。‎ ‎【答案】　D Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．I’m not feeling very well today—________(否则) I would do it myself.‎ ‎【答案】　otherwise ‎2．She often tells her classmates how hard life is at the________(偏僻的) school.‎ ‎【答案】　remote ‎3．We have been asked not to say anything for__________(安全) reasons.‎ ‎【答案】　security ‎4．The girls complained that the________(分发) of prizes was unfair.‎ ‎【答案】　distribution ‎5．The manager________(捐赠)$5,000 to a local school.‎ ‎【答案】　donated Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．________no need to worry about his safety，because he is always careful.‎ A．What’s B．It’s C．There’s D．Which’s ‎【解析】　句意为：不必担心他的安全，因为他总是很小心的。要注意，这是一个there is no need to do sth.句式。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．________seems no need to wait any longer.Chances are that they won’t turn up.‎ A．It B．He C．There D．That ‎【解析】　句意为：再等下去似乎没有必要，他们有可能不来了。no need前面习惯上用There be。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．He hasn’t slept at all for three days.________he is tired out.‎ A．There is no point ‎ B．There is no need C．It is no wonder ‎ D．It is no way ‎【答案】　C ‎4．________is no possibility that he will finish the task in such a short time.‎ A．There B．It C．Where D．Which ‎【答案】　A Ⅲ.情景交际 ‎1．(2009年江西五校联考)—I’m afraid that I can’t finish the task as soon as planned.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Don’t be afraid B．Don’t mention it C．I suppose so D．Take your time ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。A项“别担心/别害怕”；B项“别提了”；C项“我想如此”；D项“别着急”。第一个说话人的意思是：我恐怕不能按计划完成任务。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎2．(2009年江西九校联考)—I apologise for not helping you.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．Oh，not at all B．Oh，that’s right C．Oh，well，that’s life D．Well，it’s a deal ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。“Oh，well，that’s life.”的意思为“没什么”或“生活就是这样”。用于鼓励人接受不愉快的事情或表示对于发生的事情无能为力。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．(2009年江西重点中学协作体联考)—Your mother won’t agree with you on that；you know，this hairstyle is not suitable for a student.‎ ‎—________？I don’t care what she thinks.Anyway，I am not a child any more.‎ A．How come B．So what C．What for D．How so ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。根据答语后半部分内容可知说话人不在乎母亲对自己发型的看法，所以用“那又怎么样？”A项表示“怎么会呢？”C项表示“为什么”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．(2009年南昌调研)—Don’t be disappointed.Have another go，OK?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．With pleasure B．It’s my pleasure C．That’s all D．Good idea ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。此处表示对对方提出的建议持赞成态度，应用Good idea好主意。with pleasure“十分乐意”主要用于回答请求或邀请；it’s a pleasure“不客气”主要用来回答感谢；that’s all就这样。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．(2009年南昌调研)—You seem to get lost.Need help?‎ ‎—________‎ A．Yes，give me a hand，please.‎ B．Help me find my bag，please.‎ C．I’m looking for the No.1 bus.‎ D．Yes，would you please help me with the bag?‎ ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。“你好像迷路了。需要帮助吗？”暗示选项A符合语境。‎ ‎【答案】　A Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—定语从句 ‎1．The British are not familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things，________is often the cases in other countries.‎ A．that B．what C．as D．which ‎【解析】　该题考查非限制性定语从句中的固定结构，as is often the case正如……的情况一样，在这种固定结构中as不可以用which代替。类似的还有as is known to us all，as is mentioned above，as we can see (know)，as has happened等。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．The artist________the judge gave a prize is the teacher________I have been taught painting for over three years.‎ A．from whom；by whom ‎ B．to whom；who C．whom；who ‎ D．to whom；by whom ‎【解析】　前面的The artist与从句中谓语动词构成的结构为gave a prize to the artist，故应选to whom；后面的先行词the teacher与从句中谓语动词构成的结构为have been taught painting by the teacher，故应选by whom。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those________in the forest.‎ A．once the grew B．they grew once C．that once grew D．once grew ‎【解析】　依题干结构，待选项应是能修饰those的词语，而待选项是有主谓语的句子，因此待选空处是定语从句，而定语从句需由关联词作引导。A、B、D三项是“once”与“they”起首，这两个词语不具引导词的功能，故选C。that是关系代词，具有替代先行词those的功能，在从句中作主语。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．All________we need is to be supplied with food and clothing.‎ A．what B．that C．which D．whom ‎【解析】　本题重点考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。All是定语从句的先行词，又属于不定代词。在定语从句中先行词为不定代词则不能用which，故排除C项，同时all相当于what或the thing that，因而排除A项。根据句意all表示“所有的东西”指物因而不用D项。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎5．The farm________we see today is no longer the one________it was ten years ago.‎ A．that；that B．where；that C．where；where D．which；which ‎【解析】　分析句子结构可以知道，两空均为定语从句结构，表示地点的先行词the farm在第一空的定语从句中作谓语动词see的宾语，故第一空应为关系代词that，which或省略；the farm在第二空的定语从句中作表语，故只可以用that连接，不可用which，且不可省略。‎ ‎【答案】　A