2020版高考英语总复习Unit4Globalwarming 人教版选修6

2020版高考英语总复习Unit4Globalwarming 人教版选修6

Unit 4　Global warming Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 22‎ ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 经典原句 句式归纳 仿写造句 ‎1.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases...‎ 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量……‎ even if＝even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；尽管”。‎ ‎1.即使天气不好，我们也要做一次旅行。‎ We'll make a trip even_if/even_though_the_weather_is_bad.‎ ‎2.As I'm not sure where to start with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.‎ 由于我不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究，如能得到你们的建议我将十分感激。‎ ‎“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语。‎ ‎2.他们还没决定去哪里旅游。‎ They haven't decided where_to_travel.‎ ‎3.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using ‎ so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎3.(2014·广东卷)只要有善良和美德，世界将变得更加美丽。‎ 22‎ it—if not, turn it off！‎ 只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着——如果不用，就把它关掉！‎ As_long_as_there_is kindness and virtue, the world will become more beautiful.‎ Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 第一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．quantity n. 量；数量；数目 ‎[教材原句]　The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.‎ 当我们向空气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候，问题就开始了。‎ ‎(1)in quantity/in large quantities　大量地 ‎(2)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词。‎ ‎(3)“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert ____________(cover) the land in the last few years.‎ ‎②A large quantity of air conditioners ____________(sell) since the summer came.‎ ‎③Large quantities of water ________________(pollute) recently, so the lake smells terrible.‎ ‎④The seed was sprayed over the ground ________ large quantities by plane.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________________________ each year.‎ 随着更多的森林被毁，每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。‎ ‎[答案]　①has covered　②has been sold　③have been polluted　④in　⑤are being washed away ‎[易错提醒]　quantity与quality(质量)易混，要特别注意。‎ ‎2．tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾　vt. 照顾；护理 ‎[教材原句]　It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.‎ 这意味着更多的热量有被困在大气层中的倾向，从而引起全球气温上升。‎ 22‎ ‎(1)tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事 tend towards/to 倾向于；趋于……‎ tend sb./sth. 照顾；护理某人/某物 ‎(2)There is a growing tendency for sb. to do sth.‎ 某人做某事的倾向日益增长 单句语法填空 ‎①The English seasons and climate tend ________ extremes.‎ ‎②There is a growing ________(tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.‎ ‎③People under lots of stress tend ________(suffer) from physical problems.‎ ‎④Even if he ________________(tend) without delay, nothing would have saved him.‎ 写出下列句中tend的含义 ‎⑤His views tend towards the extreme.________‎ ‎⑥He tends to lose his temper when he hears bad news.________‎ ‎⑦(2017·6月浙江卷)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots.________‎ ‎[答案]　①towards/to　②tendency　③to suffer　④had been tended　⑤趋向　⑥易于　⑦护理 ‎3．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 ‎[教材原句]　On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view，believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.‎ 在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治·汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。‎ ‎(1)oppose sth./doing sth.　　反对(做)某事 oppose sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事 ‎(2)opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 be opposed to＝object to 反对……；与……对立 ‎(3)opposite adj. 相反的；对立的 prep. 在……的对面；与……相反 be opposite to 在……的对面；与……相反 单句语法填空 ‎①The mayor is strongly opposed to ________(build) a new hall, which may cost a lot of money.‎ 22‎ ‎②Her parents are very much opposed to ________(she) going abroad.‎ ‎③However, many students and parents oppose ________(separate) students into science and art.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The senior students strongly objected to ________________ unfairly by others.‎ 高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。‎ ‎[答案]　①building　②her　③separating　④being treated ‎[思维发散]　表示“反对；不赞成”的表达还有：disagree with; disapprove of; be against; object to；hold negative attitudes towards等等。‎ ‎4．consequence n. 结果；后果；影响 ‎[教材原句]　They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.‎ 他们预测任何变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的影响也不会太坏。‎ ‎(1)as a consequence 因此；结果 as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故 in consequence＝consequently 因此；结果 ‎(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的 单句语法填空 ‎①As a ____________(consequent), they can't concentrate on their study and tend to be sleepy in class.‎ ‎②____________(consequent), she understood it and became interested in Chinese traditional culture.‎ ‎③The warming of the Earth and the ___________(consequence) climatic changes affect us all.‎ 句型转换 ‎④It snowed yesterday and as a consequence the match was canceled.‎ ‎→It snowed yesterday and ________/________________ the match was canceled.‎ ‎[答案]　①consequence　②Consequently　③consequent　④consequently; as a result ‎5．range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限　v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列 ‎[教材原句]　It will make plants grow quicker；crops will produce more；it will encourage a greater range of animals—all of which will make life for human beings better.‎ 22‎ 它使植物成长更快，庄稼产量更高，还会促进动物种类的增多——所有这些都能改善人类的生活。‎ ‎(1)a wide range of　　　范围广泛的；各种各样的 within/in the range of 在……范围内 beyond one's range 某人能力达不到的 ‎(2)range from...to... 在……范围内变动 range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动 单句语法填空 ‎①The library has ________(range) of books in perfect order.‎ ‎②Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was ________ our range, so we declined.‎ ‎③The hotel has plenty of rooms ________(range) from single room to presidential suite; even walkin guests are not to feel disappointed.‎ 完成句子 ‎④(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)The team will hold ________________， including some training and matches.‎ 球队将举行各种活动，包括一些训练和比赛。‎ ‎[答案]　①ranges　②beyond　③ranging　④a range of activities ‎6．come about发生；造成 ‎[教材原句]　So how has this come about and does it matter?‎ 那么，这是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响吗？‎ come on 快点；加油；得了吧 come to 合计；达到；恢复 come up 走近；上来；发生；被提及 come across 邂逅；偶遇 come up with 提出；想出；赶上 come into being 形成；产生 用come构成的短语填空 ‎①While reading novels, I often ________________ some new words.‎ ‎②Li Hua ________________ the idea to make better use of used materials.‎ ‎③The country ________________ in the 1900s.‎ ‎④The argument ________________ when they talked about how snakes produce poison.‎ ‎[答案]　①come across　②came up with　③came into being　④came about 22‎ ‎[技巧点拨]　come about是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，没有被动语态和进行时态。主语一般是物。‎ ‎7．subscribe to同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)‎ ‎[教材原句]　All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.‎ 所有的科学家赞同这种观点：人们为了取得能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气和石油)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。‎ 写出下列句中subscribe to的含义 ‎①We all subscribed to what he had said.____________‎ ‎②He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent.____________‎ ‎③I have subscribed to several magazines recently.____________‎ ‎④How much did you subscribe to the disaster fund？____________‎ ‎[答案]　①同意　②赞成　③订购　④捐赠 ‎[知识顾问]　短语“subscribe... to...”意为“把……捐赠给……；把……签署在……上”。‎ ‎8．result in 导致 ‎[教材原句]　They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.‎ 他们还赞同下述观点：正是燃烧越来越多的化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。‎ result from　　　由……造成；因……而产生 as a result 结果 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 单句语法填空 ‎①The number of cars is increasing very rapidly，thus ________(result) in some social problems.‎ ‎②As we all know，his success resulted ________ his hard work.‎ ‎③He was careless. As ________ result, he failed in the exam.‎ ‎④Now, as a result ________ a parttime job, I needn't ask my parents for money as before.‎ ‎⑤They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result ________ traffic jams.‎ ‎[答案]　①resulting　②from　③a　④of　⑤in 22‎ ‎9．even if引导让步状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.‎ 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续变暖。‎ ‎(1)even if相当于even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；尽管”。‎ 完成句子 ‎①Be openminded to different opinions _________________.‎ 尽管你不喜欢不同的观点，对它们也要采取开放的胸怀。‎ ‎(2)as if/though：用于引导方式状语从句或表语从句，意为“就像……似的；似乎；仿佛”。‎ 用even if/though, as if/though填空 ‎②They were talking ________ they had seen a ghost.‎ ‎③____________ you don't like the film, you'd better see it.‎ ‎[答案]　①even if/even though you don't like them ‎②as if/though　③Even if/though 22‎ ‎　　1.____________ is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. But how has this come 2.____________ and does it matter? People have fierce debates about whether 3.____________ is human activity that has caused this global warming, compared with most of the natural changes.‎ Many scientists like Dr. Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increase in the earth's temperature by 4.____________(burn) fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy, though some are opposed 5.____________ this view. 6.____________(quantity) of byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. More heat energy will 7.____________(trap) in the atmosphere 8.____________(cause) the global temperature to go up if the increased amount of carbon dioxide are produced.‎ On the other hand, some scientists predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental 9.____________(consequent). Anyhow, even if we start reducing 10.____________ amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the circumstances are going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.‎ ‎[答案]　1.There　2.about　3.it　4.burning　5.to　6.Quantities　7.be trapped　8.causing　9.consequences　10.the 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎1．average adj. 平均的；普通的；正(平)常的　n. 平均数；平均水平；一般水准　v. 平均为；计算出……的平均数 ‎[教材原句]　The greenhouse effect gives the earth's surface the average temperature of ‎15℃‎.‎ 温室效应使地球表面温度平均增加‎15℃‎。‎ ‎(1)an average of 　平均数(后跟数词)‎ ‎(2)on average 平均起来 above/below(the)average 在平均水平以上/以下 up to(the)average 达到平均水平 22‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Susie's school work is well ________ average.‎ ‎②The doctor treated ________ average of 20 patients per day.‎ ‎③__________ average, I spend 2 hours online every day.‎ 写出下列句中average的词性及含义 ‎④The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.‎ ‎____________‎ ‎⑤It's said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.____________‎ ‎⑥There was nothing special about the film—it was only average.____________‎ ‎⑦The hotel averages 50 to 100 foreign guests daily.____________‎ ‎[答案]　①above　②an　③On　④形容词，平均的　⑤名词，平均数　⑥形容词，普通的　⑦动词，平均为 ‎2．circumstance n．(pl.)环境；情况 ‎[教材原句]　Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.‎ 如果条件允许，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。‎ in/under the circumstances　在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不(位于句首时，用部分倒装结构)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We can't take measures until we've known all ________ circumstances.‎ ‎②________ the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.‎ 完成句子 ‎③Under no circumstances ______________ that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.‎ 当我决定接受这份工作时，我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。‎ ‎[答案]　①the　②In/Under　③did I expect ‎3．put up with容忍；忍受 ‎[教材原句]　We do not have to put up with pollution.‎ 我们不必去忍受污染。‎ put off 延期；推迟 put out 熄灭；扑灭 put up 建造；张贴；供给……住宿 22‎ put aside 节省；储蓄；把……放在一边 put away 收起来；放好 put forward 提出建议；把……向前拨 选用上述短语填空 ‎①He decided that he would drive back to town instead of ________________ for the night at the hotel.‎ ‎②In that case, we will have to learn to ____________ some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.‎ ‎③A suggestion has been ____________ that we should recycle the textbooks.‎ ‎④We are trying to ____________ some money every month for our vacation.‎ ‎[答案]　①putting up　②put up with　③put forward　④put aside ‎4．so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not, turn it off!‎ 只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着——如果不用，就把它关掉！‎ ‎(1)so long as相当于as long as引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎①“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”， __________， keep trying and you'll make it, too.‎ ‎“世上无难事，只怕有心人”，只要你有梦想，并坚持尝试，你也会成功。‎ ‎(2)“as long as”长达……。‎ ‎②The desk is ____________ five metres.‎ 这张桌子长达‎5米。‎ ‎[答案]　①so/as long as you have a dream　②as long as ‎[思维发散]　引导条件状语从句的其他连词短语：‎ on condition that如果；条件是 provided that如果；条件是 in case (that)如果；万一 only if只要 22‎ Protecting the environment As you can see, our government has taken range of measures to protecting and improve our living surrounding. For example, a large quantity of laws have been made to reduce the carbon emission. As individuals, whatever comes about it, we must protect our environment. As long it is possible, living a lowcarbon life is that we must do every day. Under no circumstance shall we give up our belief which we can make this world a better place to live.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Protecting the environment As you can see, our government has taken range of measures to and improve our living . For example, a large quantity of laws been made to reduce the carbon emission. As individuals, whatever comes about , we must protect our environment. As long it is possible, living a lowcarbon life is we must do every day. Under no shall we give up our belief we can make this world a better place to live .‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Pick, ________ random, Busuu in Cameroon, Chiapaneco in Mexico, Lipan Apache in the United States: none of these seems to have much chance of survival.‎ ‎[答案]　at ‎2．(2018·天津卷)3D food printing could probably ________(contribution) to the solution.‎ ‎[答案]　contribute ‎3．(2017·江苏卷)As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic ________(grow) over the longer term.‎ ‎[答案]　growth ‎4．(2016·浙江卷)In this article, you need to back up general ________(state) ‎ 22‎ with specific examples.‎ ‎[答案]　statements ‎5．The girls sat down facing each other and began chatting ____________(casual)．‎ ‎[答案]　casually ‎6．We advocate ____________(solve) international disputes by negotiations，instead of appealing to arms.‎ ‎[答案]　solving ‎7．With the increase of cars and factories，large __________ (quantity) of carbon gases are let off，causing serious air pollution.‎ ‎[答案]　quantities ‎8．But meanwhile，some others are greatly ____________ (oppose) to square dancing.‎ ‎[答案]　opposed ‎9．The car was held up in the traffic on the way，___________(consequence) leading to Jack's missing the train.‎ ‎[答案]　consequently ‎10．There is a sum of money subscribed ________ the relief fund.‎ ‎[答案]　to Ⅱ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．我们绝不会忘记二战中日本带给我们的巨大灾难。(circumstance)‎ Under no circumstances ________________________ the great sufferings Japan brought to us in World WarⅡ.‎ ‎[答案]　will we forget ‎2．我们仍想知道实验怎么会以失败而告终。(come about)‎ We are still wondering ________________________ that the experiment ended in failure.‎ ‎[答案]　how it came about ‎3．这儿有几条关于如何保护我们环境的建议。(疑问词＋不定式)‎ Here are a few suggestions on _______________________.‎ ‎[答案]　how to protect our environment ‎4．毫无疑问，手机能给我们带来许多便利。(no doubt)‎ ‎_________________cellphones can bring us much convenience.‎ ‎[答案]　There is no doubt that 22‎ ‎5．只要内容有趣且信息量大，你可以写任何相关的内容。(as long as)‎ You can write anything relevant ________________________ and informative.‎ ‎[答案]　as long as it's interesting ‎6．我已经被选中代表我们学校参加国家竞赛。(on behalf of)‎ I've been chosen to attend the national competition ________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　on behalf of our school 高考题型分组训练 训练一　语言知识运用板块训练——重情理，练准度 ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 Conservationists are breeding(饲养) lions in the Southern African nation of Zimbabwe. The wildlife experts hope to increase the lion population to keep the great cats from __1__.‎ In some areas, lions and human beings are __2__ control of land. Researchers believe something must be done quickly to __3__ the animals.‎ The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust (ALERT) has more than 100 __4__ in its breeding program. AntelopePark Farm is one of two sites ALERT operates in Zimbabwe.‎ Gary Jones heads the Antelope Park Farm. He says ALERT has become involved __5__ a sharp drop in the number of lions. His group believes this has been __6__ mainly by humans. There are more people moving to this area every year. The lions have __7__ land on which to live.‎ Gary Jones says the decrease in the lion population affects the whole __8__. He adds that other African nations are also seeing the __9__ effects of this.‎ There are countries, __10__ in central and north Africa, where the lion population has reached a(n) __11__ level. Burundi, a country of eastcentral Africa, for instance, does not have lions in its national parks. It __12__ wants to have lions reintroduced back into its national parks. The reason is that when you take the lion out of the equation(平衡), suddenly you get all __13__ things start happening with the balance of __14__. For example, you get too many prey(猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras.‎ The United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization says __15__ animals are threatened when farmers try to __16__ their plants or animals.‎ Rene Czudek works for the UN agency. He says his organization has __17__ a 22‎ ‎ humanwildlife tool kit (成套工具) that some countries are using to reduce __18__ between humans and wildlife. “In fact, the tool kit is a kind of instrument that extension workers can use with the __19__ —explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how they should __20__ their fields accordingly，” Mr. Czudek said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。主要介绍了生态保护者设法保护非洲的狮子。‎ ‎1．A.disappearing B．attacking C．changing D．arriving ‎[解析]　由上文的“increase the lion population”可推断，野生动物保护专家希望防止狮子“消失(disappearing)”。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎2．A.waiting for B．cheering for ‎ C．competing for D．looking for ‎[解析]　在一些地方，狮子和人类正在“争夺(competing for)”对土地的控制。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．A.train B．observe ‎ C．catch D．save ‎[解析]　由第四段中的“a sharp drop in the number of lions”可推断，研究人员认为必须尽快采取措施“拯救(save)”狮子。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎4．A.giraffes B．lions ‎ C．zebras D．antelopes ‎[解析]　由文章开头的“breeding lions”可知。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎5．A.instead of B．because of ‎ C．in place of D．in spite of ‎[解析]　由于狮子数量骤减，所以ALERT要保护它们。故选because of。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎6．A.known B．studied ‎ C．caused D．prevented ‎[解析]　由下文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子数量减少主要是人类“造成(caused)”的。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎7．A.less B．worse 22‎ C．more D．better ‎[解析]　由上文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子赖以生存的土地减少了。故选less。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎8．A.environment B．background C．industry D．position ‎[解析]　由下段末的“you get too many prey(猎物)species, like giraffes and zebras.”可推断，狮子数量减少影响整个“自然环境(environment)”。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎9．A.immediate B．possible C．magical D．disastrous ‎[解析]　由下段可知，其他非洲国家也看到了狮子数量减少所带来的“灾难性的(disastrous)”影响。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎10．A.usually B．finally ‎ C．gradually D．particularly ‎[解析]　在一些国家，“尤其是( particularly)”位于非洲中部和北部的国家，狮子数量已经达到了“令人担忧的(worrying)”地步。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎11．A.acceptable B．worrying ‎ C．reasonable D．necessary ‎[解析]　参见上题解析。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎12．A.frequently B．simply ‎ C．naturally D．desperately ‎[解析]　布隆迪“极度(desperately)”想将狮子再次引入到国家公园。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎13．A.small B．similar ‎ C．strange D．ideal ‎[解析]　由下文的“you get too many prey(猎物)species, like giraffes and zebras”可知，没有狮子会导致一系列“奇怪的(strange)”事情发生。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎14．A.nature B．body ‎ C．power D．trade 22‎ ‎[解析]　由下文所举的猎物增多的例子可推断，此处是说“自然生态平衡”。故选nature.‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎15．A.live B．wild C．large D．trapped ‎[解析]　由下文的“when farmers try to... their plants or animals”可推断，此处是说“野生(wild)”动物受到威胁。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎16．A.protect B．move ‎ C．use D．improve ‎[解析]　农民会设法“保护(protect)”他们的植物或动物。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎17．A.put up with B．caught up with ‎ C．come up with D．kept up with ‎[解析]　Rene Czudek所在的组织已经“创造出(come up with)”一套缓解人类和野生生物冲突的工具。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎18．A.pressure B．distance ‎ C．speed D．conflict ‎[解析]　由下文的“explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how...”可知，这套工具可以用来缓解人类和野生生物之间的“冲突(conflict)”。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎19．A.farmers B．workers ‎ C．gardeners D．experts ‎[解析]　由下文可知，这套工具是供推广人员向“农民(farmers)”宣传有关环保知识时使用的。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎20．A.clear B．water ‎ C．find D．plan ‎[解析]　上文多次提到狮子(或野生生物)和人类争夺土地，因此，要缓解二者之间的冲突就需要教育农民如何“规划(plan)”自己的田地。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.语法填空 22‎ ‎(2018·厦门高三质检)Little Free Library is a nonprofit organization that inspires a love for reading and builds community. It is also referred to 1.____________ neighborhood book exchanges around the world.‎ This is a creative idea 2.____________(think) up by Todd Bol and Rick Brooks in 2009, which seeks 3.____________(put) small book exchange boxes right in front of a house or on a street corner to offer free books to 4.____________(member) of the local community. Mini libraries of all shapes and sizes exist, from a 5.____________(bright) painted wooden house to a library based on Doctor Who's TARDIS.‎ ‎6．____________makes the idea so special? Their website states: “Little Free Libraries have a unique, personal touch and there is an understanding that people are sharing their favorite books with their community. These are not just any old books 7.____________a carefully organized collection. Besides, the library 8.____________(it) is a piece of neighborhood art！”‎ Through Little Free Libraries, millions of books 9.____________(exchange) each year among readers of all ages and backgrounds. They also play an important role in remote areas by 10.____________(provide) access to books and encouraging a love for reading.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了小小免费图书馆的相关内容。‎ ‎1．[解析]　refer to... as...为固定搭配，意为“把……称作……”，符合语境。故填as。‎ ‎[答案]　as ‎2．[解析]　分析句子结构可知，“a creative idea”与动词短语think up之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填thought。‎ ‎[答案]　thought ‎3．[解析]　动词seek之后用动词不定式作宾语，即seek to do sth.。故填to put。‎ ‎[答案]　to put ‎4．[解析]　member是可数名词；根据空格后的“of the local community”可知，当地社区的成员肯定不是一个，所以用复数形式。故填members。‎ ‎[答案]　members ‎5．[解析]　此处用副词修饰形容词。a brightly painted wooden house意为“一个着色明亮的木屋”。故填brightly。‎ ‎[答案]　brightly ‎6．[解析]‎ 22‎ ‎　分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语；结合语境可知，此处应用特殊疑问词what，指什么使得这个想法如此特别。故填What。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎[答案]　What ‎7．[解析]　句意：这些不仅仅是一些旧书而且是一个细心组织的收藏品。此处构成not just... but...，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎8．[解析]　根据主语“the library”可知，此处应用itself与之呼应。故填itself。‎ ‎[答案]　itself ‎9．[解析]　分析句子结构可知，主语“millions of books”与动词exchange之间是被动关系；且本文使用的是一般现在时，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are exchanged。‎ ‎[答案]　are exchanged ‎10．[解析]　介词后面用动名词作宾语。故填providing。‎ ‎[答案]　providing 训练二　主观应用题板块训练——重语法，练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·石家庄高三复习教学质量检测二)Felicity Miller，a 32yearold British woman, 1.____________ has a Chinese husband，still remembers the 2.____________(excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015. She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese family's group. The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the 3.____________(high) amount sent the next.‎ Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners 4.____________(join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. Usually，the money in each packet is random. Thus the amount of money one can grab 5.____________(large) depends on his or her luck，from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more familiar 6.____________ Chinese culture through “red packets”. Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the 7.____________(hide) meanings. Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.‎ However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesn't stop people sending paper red packets 8.____________(contain) real cash during the Spring Festival. It 9.____________(call) lucky money. In Chinese tradition, people take giving 22‎ ‎ children lucky money as 10.____________blessing.‎ 语篇解读：许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。‎ ‎1．[解析]　分析本句结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为“a 32yearold British woman”，故用who引导该定语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　who ‎2．[解析]　根据空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处用名词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　excitement ‎3．[解析]　根据语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。‎ ‎[答案]　highest ‎4．[解析]　根据该句中的“so far”可知，本句用现在完成时。‎ ‎[答案]　have joined ‎5．[解析]　空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　largely ‎6．[解析]　许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。get familiar with为固定搭配，意为“熟悉……”。‎ ‎[答案]　with ‎7．[解析]　费莉西蒂·米勒不知道这两个数字后的隐藏意义。根据空格前的冠词the和空格后的名词meanings可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填hidden。‎ ‎[答案]　hidden ‎8．[解析]　“paper red packets”和动词“contain”之间是主谓关系且contain与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词“paper red packets”的后置定语。‎ ‎[答案]　containing ‎9．[解析]　这种纸质的红包被称为“压岁钱”。根据句意可知，主语It和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎[答案]　is called ‎10．[解析]　人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。此处泛指“一种祝福”，故用不定冠词。‎ ‎[答案]　a Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·广东佛山顺德区教学质量检测)The structure of houses have changed a lot since the first hut was building in ancient times. I often imagine what houses in the future will like. I am sure it will be greatly different from that they are today. ‎ 22‎ First, houses in the future can adjust the room temperature with the changes of season. Second, they prevent waste by producing energy through their solar panels, that can be used to provide hot water in winter and cool air in summer. Beside, they can change their colors at any time to satisfy with their owners.‎ In short, living in a future house will be amazed.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ The structure of houses changed a lot since the first hut was in ancient times. I often imagine what houses in the future will like. I am sure will be greatly different from they are today. First, houses in the future can adjust the room temperature with the changes of . Second, they prevent waste by producing energy through their solar panels, can be used to provide hot water in winter and cool air in summer. ， they can change their colors at any time to satisfy their owners.‎ In short, living in a future house will be .‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 学校将出一期以“保护环境，创建和谐社会”为主题的墙报，请你就如何处理垃圾来保护环境写一篇100词左右的宣传稿件，稿件应包括以下内容：‎ ‎1．城市垃圾的危害；‎ ‎2．城市垃圾的处理方法：分类，回收利用，有害垃圾填埋，污水处理；‎ ‎3．制定措施防止污染。‎ 参考词汇：和谐社会：a harmonious society ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]　‎ With the improvement of people's living conditions, more and more rubbish is produced especially in cities. Too much rubbish will pollute our environment and do harm to our health. So it is important to deal with it properly.‎ 22‎ Here are some ways to deal with rubbish. Sort out different kinds and put them into different dustbins. Some can be recycled, while harmful rubbish should be buried under the ground. Waste water should be cleaned and used again.‎ In addition, we should make laws to prevent people throwing rubbish everywhere. Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a harmonious society.‎ 22‎