2020版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（6）（含解析）

2020版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（6）（含解析）

‎2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（6）‎ 李仕才 Part A：完形填空 A Involving the whole family is the best way to promote better eating habits and healthy activities for your kids.‎ A wholefamily approach simply means that everyone—parents and kids alike— __1__ together as a team to achieve good health and wellbeing. As with any __2__，there's a leader or coach － and that's you!‎ Lead by __3__. Adult family members are important role models for healthy eating and exercise. Talk about why you eat fruit as a snack, take an exercise class, or go for walks.‎ Start them young. Don't wait until your child is at a(n) __4__ weight to form good eating and __5__ habits. It's much easier to maintain a healthy weight than to lose __6__ later.‎ Be __7__ together.Make it usual for the family to be active. Being active as a family allows __8__ to expend energy in a __9__ way, and adults enjoy the health benefits，too.‎ ‎__10__ together. It may be not practical to do it every day, but __11__ kids into the process of __12__ food as possible as you can. Little kids can learn math skills by __13__and they'll begin to understand the chemistry of cooking.They'll also gain an understanding of healthy ingredients.‎ Older kids will enjoy having the authority to select and prepare__14__ they like and will be more likely to eat what they've __15__. It might even inspire them to make healthy choices ___16___ their own.‎ Eat together. Eating a meal as a family sends the right ___17___ about nutrition. Kids will see their parents eating healthy food and may be inspired to __18__ new foods. They will also come to __19__ mealtime as a time for socializing and sharing. Parents get a chance to___20__ nutritious food and note their child's likes and dislikes through conversation.‎ ‎1. A. works　　　　　 B. plays C. eats D. exercises ‎2. A. family B. team ‎ C. class D. group ‎3. A. language B. test ‎ 9‎ C. example D. knowledge ‎4. A. possible B. proper ‎ C. unhealthy D. normal ‎5. A. studying B. activity C. sleeping D. communication ‎6. A. interest B. pounds C. customers D. strength ‎7. A. asleep B. active ‎ C. excited D. happy ‎8. A. friends B. players ‎ C. kids D. parents ‎9. A. bad B. lazy ‎ C. positive D. friendly ‎10. A. Cook B. Start ‎ C. Live D. Act ‎11. A. cheat B. force C. persuade D. invite ‎12. A. eating B. buying C. selling D. preparing ‎13. A. watching B. measuring C. explaining D. discussing ‎14. A. methods B. foods C. programmes D. skills ‎15. A. made B. ordered C. seen D. found ‎16. A. on B. in C. with D. by ‎17. A. warnings B. messages C. questions D. problems ‎18. A. drink B. produce C. try D. value ‎19．A. remember B. see C. choose D. depend ‎20. A. eat B. have 9‎ C. enjoy D. offer ‎[文章大意]　健康的饮食和锻炼习惯要靠全家人一起努力来养成，父母的率先垂范，孩子们的积极参与是推动孩子养成健康习惯的不可缺少的元素。‎ ‎1．A。此处用works together表示大人和孩子一起努力来养成良好的饮食及锻炼习惯。‎ ‎2．B。由空后面的“there's a leader or coach”可知，作者在此作比喻，即“像在任何团队中一样，(这个团队)也有领导或教练”。‎ ‎3．C。根据下文的“role models”可知应选C项，即家长要发挥榜样的作用，做给孩子们看。‎ ‎4．C。不要等到孩子们的体重处于不健康(unhealthy)状态了才去培养好的饮食和活动(activity)习惯。‎ ‎5．B。参见上题解析。此空的activity与前文的exercise相一致。‎ ‎6．B。(早些)维持健康的体重要比后期(发胖了)减肥更容易。选项中只有pounds与体重有关，故选B。‎ ‎7．B。根据小标题后面的内容可知此处表示全家人一起积极(active)行动起来。‎ ‎8．C。全文主要介绍了如何让孩子养成良好的饮食和锻炼习惯，故选kids。‎ ‎9．C。全家人一起积极活动可以让孩子们以一种积极的方式增强体能。该词与本段中的active相呼应。‎ ‎10．A。根据本段的内容及cooking一词可知应选A。‎ ‎11．D。每天都这样做可能不实际，但是请尽你所能邀请(invite)你的孩子来和你一起准备(preparing)食物。‎ ‎12．D。参见上题解析。 ‎ ‎13．B。根据空前面的math一词可知，应该是通过测量(measuring)学习数学方面的技能。‎ ‎14．B。结合上下文的内容可知，此处表示“年长点儿的孩子喜欢有权选择和准备他们喜欢的食物(foods)”。‎ ‎15．A。结合上文的“Cook together.”可知，此处表示“他们会很爱吃自己亲手做的饭”，故选made。‎ ‎16．A。这样甚至会鼓励他们独自做出有利于健康的选择。 on one's own“独自”，符合语境。‎ ‎17．B。全家人一起吃饭会传达有关营养方面的正确的信息(messages)。‎ ‎18．C。孩子们看见他们的父母吃健康的食物就很有可能受到鼓励去尝试(try)新的食物。‎ ‎19．B。孩子们会把吃饭的时间视为用来交际和分享的时光。see...as“把……视为”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．D。此处表示父母借机给孩子们提供有营养的食物。‎ B ‎(2015·云南师大附中适应性练习)‎ 9‎ Being the eldest son of my parents，I became the “big boy” of the family.My parents gave me the __1__ of a “big boy” and started giving me some __2__ that were somewhat challenging for me at that young age.Whenever I had some __3__ in doing a certain task，they used to __4__ me by saying，“You are a big boy and you can do it.”__5__ I was a small boy at that time，my confidence level grew to a new height and I started __6__ myself like a big boy.That “big boy” concept slowly developed into the “I can do” __7__ which has helped me a lot throughout my life.‎ The opinion of “I can do” prepares you __8__ as well as physically，and helps you to do what otherwise you think you __9__ do.The “big boy” concept increases your __10__ energy level to such a degree where you start believing “you can do”．And that is the starting __11__ which opens the doors of success for you.‎ Whenever I __12__ a challenge，I say to myself “I can do it because I am a big boy” and that inspires me a lot in __13__ my fears and provides my body with the extra energy needed to do that “__14__” task.‎ The “big boy” concept is always helpful to anyone.It __15__ all your weaknesses and thus enables you to accept big challenges.By accepting big challenges，you __16__ big opportunities and thus get big __17__.‎ Success in life comes to the people who think big，act big and are always willing to __18__ big responsibilities.Make yourself feel big.Plan something big.Amaze your colleagues by accepting big responsibilities.Be always __19__ to do big tasks.Once you think of yourself as a big boy or a big girl then __20__ can block your way of success.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作为家里的长子，父母从小就把“我”当成大孩子看待，“我”于是有了一种责任和担当，正是这种责任和担当使“我”终身受益。‎ ‎1．A.state B．status C．evidence D．excuse 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据前一句“Being the eldest son of my parents，I became the ‘big boy’ of the family.”和下文中“You are a big boy and you can do it.”可知，此处表示父母给了“我”大儿子的身份。status意为“地位，身份”，符合语境。故选B项。state意为“状态”；evidence意为“证据”；excuse意为“借口”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎2．A.rules B．views C．tasks D．approaches 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据下句中的“a certain 9‎ ‎ task”可知，父母让“我”做一些富有挑战性的任务。task意为“任务”，符合语境。故C项正确。rule意为“规则”；view意为“观点”；approach意为“方法”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎3．A.conclusion B．impression C．instruction D．hesitation 解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据上句中“somewhat challenging for me at that young age”及本句中“You are a big boy and you can do it.”可知，每当“我”下不了决心去做某项工作时，父母总是说“你是一个大孩子，你能行”来鼓励“我”。hesitation意为“犹豫，下不了决心”，符合语境。故D项正确。conclusion意为“结论”；impression意为“印象”；instruction意为“说明，教导”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎4．A.allow B．warn C．encourage D．force 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据空格后“me by saying，‘You are a big boy and you can do it.’”可知，每当“我”下不了决心去做某项任务时，父母总是用“你是个大孩子，你能行”这句话来鼓励“我”。encourage意为“鼓励”，符合语境。故C项正确。allow意为“允许”；warn意为“提醒，警告”；force意为“强迫”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎5．A.As B．Though C．Because D．Since 解析：选B。考查连词辨析。分析空格后“I was a small boy at that time”和“my confidence level grew to a new height”之间的关系可知，此处指尽管那时“我”还只是一个小男孩，但是“我”有很强的自信心。由此可知，空格处引导让步状语从句。though意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。故B项正确。as意为“当……时，因为”；because意为“因为”；since意为“因为，既然”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6．A.dressing B．proving C．amusing D．behaving 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据空格前“my confidence level grew to a new height”及空格后“myself like a big boy”可知，“我”的自信程度达到了一个新高度，也开始在行为上表现得像个大孩子。behave意为“行为，表现”，behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩”，符合语境。故D项正确。dress意为“穿，打扮”；prove意为“证明”；amuse意为“使……开心”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎7．A.belief B．remark C．step D．choice 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意为：那种“我是大孩子”的想法逐渐发展成了“我能行”的信念，这种信念让我终身受益。belief意为“信念，信条”，符合语境。故A项正确。remark意为“言辞，评论”；step意为“步骤”；choice意为“选择”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．A.formally B．mentally 9‎ C．materially D．naturally 解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据空格后的“physically”可知，空格处与本句中的“physically”形成对应关系，表示“身体和心理上都做好了准备”。mentally意为“精神上，心理上”，符合语境。故选B项。formally意为“正式地”；materially意为“物质上”；naturally意为“自然地”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．A.can’t B．won’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 解析：选A。考查情态动词。根据该句中“otherwise”这个词的转折含义提示可知，此处应表示“做不到”，强调没有能力。can’t意为“不能，不会”，符合语境。故选A项。won’t意为“不愿”；shouldn’t意为“不该”；needn’t意为“没必要”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎10．A.outer B．broad ‎ C．deep D．inner 解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。句意为：“我是个大孩子”的想法会把你内在的潜能激发到某种程度，你会开始相信“你确实能做到”。inner意为“内在的”，符合语境。故D项正确。outer意为“外在的”；broad意为“宽广的”；deep意为“深的，深厚的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎11．A.record B．test C．fancy D．point 解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据空格前“starting”和空格后“which opens the doors”可知，句意为：那正是人生的起点，它为你开启了通往成功的大门。point意为“点”，符合语境。故D项正确。record意为“记录”；test意为“测验”；fancy意为“想象”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎12．A.begin with B．agree with C．play with D．meet with 解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：每当我遇到挑战时，我就会对自己说：“我能行，因为我是大孩子”…… meet with意为“遇到，碰到”，符合句意。故D项正确。begin with意为“以……开始”；agree with意为“同意”；play with意为“与……玩耍”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎13．A.getting off B．getting over C．getting across D．getting down 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的“fears”可知，此处表示“克服恐惧”。get over意为“克服”，符合语境。故B项正确。get off意为“下车，离开”；get across意为“使……被理解”；get down意为“写下”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎14．A.uneasy B．impossible ‎ C．unnecessary D．unfair 解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据句中“______my fears and provides my body with 9‎ ‎ the extra energy”可知，此处表示“有能力做到原以为不可能做到的事情”。impossible意为“不可能的”，符合语境。故B项正确。uneasy意为“不安的”；unnecessary意为“不必要的”；unfair意为“不公平的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎15．A.takes away B．puts away C．keeps away D．turns away 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。根据前一句“The‘big boy’ concept is always helpful to anyone.”可知，此处指“大孩子”的思想可以帮任何人战胜弱点。take away意为“拿走，带走”，符合语境。故A项正确。put away意为“收好，储存”；keep away意为“远离”；turn away意为“将……拒之门外”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎16．A.appreciate B．share C．contact D．win 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意为：通过迎接大的挑战，你会赢得更好的机会……win意为“赢得”，符合语境。故D项正确。appreciate意为“欣赏，感激”；share意为“分享”；contact意为“联系”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎17．A.prices B．awards C．rewards D．prizes 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据空格前“______ big opportunities and thus get big”及前后逻辑可知，此处指你会赢得机会并因此获得回报。reward意为“奖赏，回报”，符合句意。故C项正确。price意为“价格，价钱”；award意为“奖品”；prize意为“奖品”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎18．A.obey B．advocate C．undertake D．expect 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据空格后“big responsibilities”及上文内容可推知，此处指成功只属于抱负远大、有担当的人。undertake意为“承担”，符合语境。故C项正确。obey意为“遵守”；advocate意为“倡导”；expect意为“期待”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．A.pleased B．touched C．balanced D．surprised 解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据上文中“think big，act big”“______ big responsibilities”和“Plan something big”可知，勇于担当、接受“大任务”的人会获得成功。由此可知，此处表示乐意去做一些大任务。pleased意为“高兴的”，符合语境。故A项正确。touched意为“感动的”；balanced意为“平衡的”；surprised意为“惊讶的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．A.anything B．nothing ‎ C．everything D．something 9‎ 解析：选B。考查代词辨析。句意为：一旦你把自己当成有担当的大孩子，就没有什么能够阻挡你成功。nothing意为“没有什么东西”，符合语境。故B项正确。anything意为“任何东西”；everything意为“一切”；something意为“某样东西”，都与语境不符。‎ Part B：短文语法填空 My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn't far 1.________ Chinatown, where I found some very good Chinese restaurants.‎ The first time I ever ate Chinese food, I loved it. I 2.________ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why 3.________ has this special feature.‎ Many years ago, China had 4.________ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor 5.________ (manage) of its forests. This loss was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their 6.________ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes so people found ways to economize.‎ In order to economize in 7.________ (cook), they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked 8.________ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food 9.________ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor — and it's this flavor 10.________ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.‎ ‎1．from　考查介词。句意：我们的办公室离唐人街不远。be far from意为“离……远”，符合句意。故填from。‎ ‎2．noticed　考查动词的时态。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。‎ ‎3．it　考查代词。句意：当我对这种食物了解得更多时，我开始明白为什么这种食物会如此特别。空格处与前一分句中的“the food”为同一事物，为了避免重复，故用代词it指代“the food”。故填it。‎ ‎4．an　考查冠词。句意：多年以前，中国发生了一次能源危机。空格处修饰“energy 9‎ ‎ crisis”，表示泛指，crisis在该句中为可数名词单数，且energy的读音以元音音素开头，因此填不定冠词an。‎ ‎5．management　考查词性转换。根据空格前的形容词poor及空格后的介词of可知，空格处应为名词。故填management。‎ ‎6．valuable　考查词性转换。空格后是名词wood，因此应用所给词的形容词形式修饰wood。故填valuable。‎ ‎7．cooking　考查词性转换。介词in后用名词、代词或动名词。cook作名词时意为“厨师”，不合句意，因此要用其动名词形式cooking，意为“烹饪”。‎ ‎8．faster　考查副词的比较级。“the food cooked ________”与“they saved more fuel”是并列关系，故此处也应用副词fast的比较级faster。‎ ‎9．prepared　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是kept，故prepare是非谓语动词。prepare与主语the food之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用其过去分词形式。故填prepared。‎ ‎10．that　考查强调句型。去掉it's和空格后，句子剩余部分结构和意义都完整。由此可知，本句是一个强调句。故填that。‎ 9‎