2020版高考英语 Unit 6 Design夯练（含解析）北师大版必修2

2020版高考英语 Unit 6 Design夯练（含解析）北师大版必修2

Unit 6 Design 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2 000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40 000 plant species,3 000 fish,1 294 birds,427 mammals,428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon.‎ The warm wet forests have been in existence for 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳年代测定)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1 000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.‎ The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11 200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.‎ The Amazon rainforest has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(采伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earth's land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587 000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.‎ ‎1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?‎ A．To prove the forest untouched.‎ B．To classify species scientifically.‎ C．To show the diversity of species.‎ D．To attract more attention to Amazon.‎ ‎2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?‎ A．European explorers brought diseases there.‎ 7‎ B．Portuguese explorers treated them badly.‎ C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned.‎ D．They got killed by Spanish explorers.‎ ‎3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?‎ A．It has the largest number of species.‎ B．It covers over 5% of South America.‎ C．It is becoming larger in area.‎ D．It is being endangered now.‎ ‎4．What may be included in the following paragraph?‎ A．Examples of destroying forests.‎ B．Measures to protect rainforests.‎ C．New settlements in Amazon.‎ D．Ways to stop global warming.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。‎ ‎1．C　目的意图题。通读全文可知，第一段提到昆虫、植物和动物等物种的数量，是为了表明亚马逊热带雨林物种的多样性。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．A　细节理解题。European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．(第三段第二句)‎ 译文：十六世纪，欧洲探险家来到这里，带来了疾病，这些疾病的传播速度比探险家前行的脚步还要快，大约使多达90%的土著居民死亡。‎ 根据关键句可知，欧洲探险家把疾病带到亚马逊地区，导致大多数土著居民死亡。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)‎ 译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。‎ 根据关键句可推知，亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．B　推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了由于滥伐森林，亚马逊热带雨林覆盖率在下降，正面临消失的危险；由此可推知，文章接下来应是针对这种情况介绍如何保护亚马逊热带雨林。故答案选B。‎ 亮点句积累：The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest 7‎ ‎ will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)‎ 译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。‎ 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2017·南昌二模)I want to talk about Miss Smith, a history teacher I had at secondary school 61.____________ I was about 15.Most of the teachers I had were OK, 62.____________ they gave the feeling that it was just a job.It seemed that Miss Smith really 63.____________ (love) both history and teaching it.‎ One of the 64.____________ (good) things about her lessons was that we didn’t always have to study in an ordinary way.For example, rather than write an article for homework, usually we were allowed 65.____________ (work) with a friend to write an imaginary dialogue between two historical 66.____________ (figure)．Then we could perform it for the class.‎ I think Miss Smith influenced me in two important ways.Firstly, she made me 67.____________ (interest) in history.Now I still read books on history and watch TV programs about it when I get the chance.68.____________ (second), she showed me how a teacher can use the students’ own creativity to help them learn.Instead 69.____________ just being a kind of audience for lessons, we were involved in 70.____________ (decide) what happened in the lessons.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的初中历史老师。该老师与众不同，总是让课堂充满乐趣，并布置学生喜欢的作业，从而赢得了学生的爱戴。‎ ‎61．when　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，Smith老师是作者15岁上中学时的一个历史老师；分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导时间状语从句。故填when。‎ ‎62．but　解析：考查连词。根据空格前的“were OK”及下文中的“it was just a job”可知，作者的大部分老师都很好，但是他们给人的感觉是教书只是一份工作，空格前后表示转折。故填but。‎ ‎63．loved　解析：考查动词的时态。文章总体时态为一般过去时。故填loved。‎ ‎64．best　解析：考查形容词的最高级。“One of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”意为“……中最……的一个”。根据语境可知，此处指她上课最大的一个优点是不总是用常规的方式教学。故填best。‎ ‎65．to work　解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to work.‎ 7‎ ‎66．figures　解析：考查名词复数。根据空格前的“two”可知，此处应用可数名词figure的复数形式。故填figures。‎ ‎67．interested　解析：考查词性转换。“make sb.＋形容词”意为“使某人……”，此处指使作者对历史感兴趣。故填interested。‎ ‎68．Secondly　解析：考查词性转换。根据上文中的“Firstly”可知，此处应填Secondly。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎69．of　解析：考查介词。instead of意为“代替，而不是”。故填of。‎ ‎70．deciding　解析：考查非谓语动词。介词in后接动名词形式。故填deciding。‎ 三、短文改错。‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎　　 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2017·河北衡水高三期末)As a senior three student, it won’t take long after I graduate.Now, I have much to share with my fellow student.‎ Firstly, I’d like to show my appreciation to those stood by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included.With their help and advice, my life would be different.Secondly, it’s high time for I to say sorry to the classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood.I firm believe that communication and smiles act bridges to friendship.Thirdly, I’ve made up my mind to make every effort to study, so hard work is the key to a success.Finally I want to express my hope which all the young fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.‎ 答案： ‎ As a senior three student, it won’t take long I graduate.Now, I have much to share with my fellow .‎ Firstly, I’d like to show my appreciation to those by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. their help and advice, my life would be different.Secondly, it’s high time for to say sorry to the classmates whom I ‎ 7‎ hurt or misunderstood.I believe that communication and smiles act bridges to friendship.Thirdly, I’ve made up my mind to make every effort to study, hard work is the key to success.Finally I want to express my hope all the young fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.‎ 四、七选五。‎ As you know, it is a quite different experience being around positive people versus negative ones.If you are determined to be more positive yourself，here are some ways you can do：‎ ‎·Failure is part of learning. 1.___________. They understand that failure is an event，and doesn’t define who they are. Negative people are emotionally disabled by failure because they allow it to define who they are. 2.___________. ‎ ‎·3.___________. Because they are team players，positive people will get behind and support ideas that are not theirs—even if they might disagree with them.Negative people have a hard time fully supporting ideas that they feel won’t be successful.When an idea that wasn’t theirs doesn’t succeed, they are sure to give their teammates the“Itoldyouso”expression.‎ ‎·You’re so good! 4.___________ . They pay close attention to others when others do well，and they are quick to tell them. Negative people say，“Why would I praise people for things they are supposed to do？” Most importantly，it’s not about the praise. 5.___________ . The simple praise can strengthen relationships and motivate the person to do even better.Positive people don’t underestimate(低估) the power of encouraging words.‎ A．Positive people are all talkative B．Teamwork makes the dream work C．Positive people like to spread positivity D．Negative people know about failure very much E．It’s about showing the other people that you notice them F．Positive people view failure as an opportunity to learn and get better G．They fail to understand that it’s part of the learning and growing process ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了成为一个积极乐观的人的方法。‎ ‎1．F　解析：根据上文中的“Failure is part of learning”可推知，‎ 7‎ 积极乐观的人能够从失败中学习，从而成长，所以选F项。‎ ‎2．G　解析：空处与上文中的“They understand that failure is an event, and doesn’t define who they are.”形成对比，由此可推知，消极的人不能真正理解失败的含义，从而不能从中得到学习，有所进步，所以选G项。‎ ‎3．B　解析：根据下文中的“Because ... with them.”可推知，团队协作很重要，积极的人会互相支持以实现梦想，所以选B项。‎ ‎4．C　解析：根据空前一句“You’re so good！”可推知，积极乐观的人说积极的话语，传递正能量，所以选C项。‎ ‎5．E　解析：根据上文的“Most importantly，it’s not about the praise.”及下文的“The simple praise can strengthen relationships and motivate the person to do even better.”可推知，积极乐观的人赞扬别人表明他们在乎对方，从而可以改善人际关系，激励他人做得更好，所以选E项。‎ 五、书面表达 ‎ 假定你是高三学生李华，从网上获悉一家国际青少年志愿者组织正在全球招募暑期志愿者。请写一封电子邮件申请加入。主要内容如下：‎ ‎1．写信目的；‎ ‎2．自我介绍；‎ ‎3．希望获准。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Sir or Madam，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ With all my best regards.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ 7‎ Dear_Sir_or_Madam，‎ ‎ I’m writing this letter to apply for the job as a volunteer that you have advertised on the Internet.In my opinion, not only can volunteer work help me enrich my knowledge and experience, but also it can help those who are in need live better and become more confident.‎ I will graduate from senior high school in June.In the past, I took part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience.My interest and skill in English, communication and teamwork contribute to my application for the job.‎ I would appreciate an interview at your convenience.I’m looking forward to hearing from you in the future.‎ With_all_my_best_regards.‎ Yours_sincerely，‎ Li_Hua 7‎