2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 4 Body language（含解析）新人教版必修4

2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 4 Body language（含解析）新人教版必修4

Body language 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解。‎ Don’t have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in nonfiction books，here are good choices for you.‎ A Room of One’s Own This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In it，Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing.Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”. While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.‎ The Art of War Written by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略) in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions. For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership.‎ Letter to My Daughter This book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had”—the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship.‎ A Brief History of Time If you’re short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of 9‎ ‎ time？This book，first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mindbending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how. Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。‎ ‎1．What can we learn about the four books?‎ A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.‎ B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.‎ C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders.‎ D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While on its...between sexes.”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。more than意思是“不仅仅”。‎ ‎2．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．As a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing.‎ B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.‎ C．The book by Sun Zi is helpful in policymaking.‎ D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Art of War...to fight a war”可知，The Art of War对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。‎ ‎3．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To make comparisons between the four books.‎ B．To recommend the four books to readers.‎ C．To make comments on the four books.‎ D．To promote sales of the four books.‎ B　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段可知，写作本文的目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ 9‎ After spending nearly every waking minute with Angel for eight straight days, I knew that I had to tell her just one thing. So late at night, just before she fell asleep, I whispered __1__ in her ear. She smiled—the kind of smile __2__ made me smile back—and she said, “When I'm seventyfive and I think about my life and __3__ it was like to be young,I hope that I can remember this very moment.”‎ A few seconds later she closed her eyes and fell asleep. The room was __4__ (peace)—almost silent.All I could hear was the soft voice of her breathing. I stayed awake __5__ (think) about the time we __6__ (spend) together and all the choices in our lives that made this moment possible. And at some point, I realized that it didn't matter what we'd done or where we'd gone. Nor __7__ the future hold any significance.‎ What mattered was the calmness of the moment. The moral：We must not allow the clock, the calendar, and external pressure __8__ (rule) our lives and blind us to the fact __9__ each individual moment of our lives is a beautiful mystery and a miracle—__10__ (especial)those moments we spend in the presence of a loved one.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述一个让人暖心的夜晚，告诉读者一个生活和人生哲理：眼下宁静温馨的时光尤为珍贵，不应被世俗破坏。‎ ‎1．it　考查代词。根据前句中的“I knew that I had to tell her just one thing”可知，空处应填it指代one thing。‎ ‎2．that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且关系词指代先行词the kind of smile，故填that/which。‎ ‎3．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。根据and前的“I think about my life”可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中like缺少宾语，且连接词在句中表示“什么样子”，此处应填what。‎ ‎4．peaceful　考查词性转换。句意：房间里很宁静。此处应用形容词peaceful作was的表语。‎ ‎5．thinking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎6．had spent　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，spend所表示的动作发生在stayed awake之前，应用过去完成时，故填had spent。‎ ‎7．did　考查部分倒装。否定副词nor位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装，由hold与前一句中的realized可知，应填did。‎ ‎8．to rule　考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth. to do sth. 为固定用法。‎ 9‎ ‎9．that　考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子结构并由the fact可知，此处应用that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容。‎ ‎10．especially　考查词性转换。此处表示“尤其是与心爱的人一起度过的美好时光”，结合句意可知，空处应用副词作状语，故填especially。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When I was young，I thought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快乐小镇). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was just the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people.‎ My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be __9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibly could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鸣) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends.‎ When I go off the college this year，I'll be working towards a degree in college.This will help me start a nonprofit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions.‎ ‎1．A.wondered B．figured C．doubted D．predicted ‎2．A.wanted B．ignored C．lost D．ordered ‎3．A.unfortunately B．totally C．regularly D．accurately ‎4．A.It B．They 9‎ C．He D．This ‎5．A.ability B．desire C．belief D．reason ‎6．A.for B．with C．from D．about ‎7．A.fell B．divided C．broke D．turned ‎8．A.mattered B．existed C．survived D．succeeded ‎9．A.difficult B．funny C．different D．perfect ‎10．A.casually B．briefly C．firmly D．surely ‎11．A.difficulty B．purpose C．fruits D．method ‎12．A.strangers B．teenagers C．friends D．families ‎13．A.led B．lent C．passed D．limited ‎14．A.write B．memorize C．prepare D．recall ‎15．A.quiet B．important C．large D．safe ‎16．A.how B．what C．where D．when ‎17．A.discussions B．suggestions C．experience D．theories ‎18．A.final B．primary C．simple D．grand ‎19．A.complex B．unsolvable C．unknown D．terrible ‎20．A.latest B．laziest C．slowest D．smallest 9‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者与抑郁症作斗争的经历使他转变了思想，并用实际行动来帮助青少年和朋友们。他告诉大家，每个人都同样重要并且不可替代。因此我们必须做出行动，因为即使是最小的行动都可以产生影响。‎ ‎1．B　考查动词辨析。句意为：我以为只要我能给予别人我认为他们想要的东西，我就能得到一张去快乐小镇的单程票。A项意为“想知道”；B项意为“认为，以为”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“预测”。短文第一句说明了作者小时候的想法，即作者认为善良是一件有益的事情，然后接着详细地解释他的想法。B项符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎2．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“想要”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“命令，订购”。此处指作者认为给予别人他认为别人需要的东西，他就会快乐。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎3．B　考查副词辨析。A项意为“不幸地”；B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“定期地”；D项意为“准确地”。由下文可知，因为作者的临床抑郁症，作者以前给予别人想要的东西的想法变成了努力用他的想法去影响别人，改变别人，所以此处表达的是“这个思维过程完全变了”。B项符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎4．A　考查代词辨析。此处为句型“It becomes/became＋adj.＋that从句”，代词it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故选A。‎ ‎5．A　考查名词辨析。A项意为“能力”；B项意为“渴望”；C项意为“信念”；D项意为“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根据语境可知，作者所需要的和每个人所需要的一样，就是爱自己的能力。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎6．B　考查介词辨析。句意为：除了这一点，我必须学会如何与人们建立更深、更有意义的联系。make connection with...是固定短语，表示“与……建立联系”。故选B。‎ ‎7．D　考查动词短语辨析。各选项所给动词均可与介词into构成固定搭配：fall into意为“跌入”；divide into意为“分成”；break into意为“闯入”；turn into意为“变成”。由上文可知，作者的思维过程改变了，产生了新的想法，因此作者表达的是他在心理健康方面的挣扎变成了一场运动。turn into符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎8．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“重要，有关系”；B项意为“存在”；C项意为“幸存”；D项意为“成功”。根据空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此处表达的是“让每个人都知道他们很重要，无法被替代”。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎9．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“困难的”；B项意为“滑稽的”；C项意为“不同的”；D项意为“完美的”。由转折连词but和第二个分句的内容可知，此处指的是“在高中，很难传递这个想法”。A项符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎10．C　考查副词辨析。A项意为“随意地”；B项意为“简短地”；C项意为“坚定地”；D项意为“确信地”。根据but表示转折可知，此处应表达“但是我坚定地追随我的激情”。C项符合语境。故选C。‎ 9‎ ‎11．C　考查名词辨析。上文提到虽然在学校作者很难传递自己的思想，但是他不放弃，由此可知，作者努力的结果就是他创造了帮助……的习惯和传统。此处fruits表示“结果，成果”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎12．B　考查名词辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pickmeup.(第二段第三句) ‎ 译文：……每个星期五，我带着作业的奖品来到学校，把它们发给那些似乎需要提神的孩子们。‎ 由关键句可以推断，作者帮助的是那些青少年们。teenager意为“青年，青少年”，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎13．C　考查动词辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短语，意为“把……传递/分发蛤某人”，此处表达的是作者把带来的作业奖品发给那些需要提神的孩子们。故选C。‎ ‎14．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“准备”；D项意为“回忆”。由语境可知，作者想帮助青少年，所以他尽可能多地记住他们的名字。故选B。‎ ‎15．D　考查形容词辨析。作者建立了一个俱乐部，学生们在这里可以表达自己的想法，由此可知这是一个安全的地方，学生们能够畅所欲言。safe意为“安全的”，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎16．A　考查连接词辨析。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。由语境可知，作者想让学生学会如何把表达的情感运用到日常生活中。how意为“怎样，如何”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎17．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“讨论”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“经验”；D项意为“理论”。在作者的个人社交网络账号上，作者每周发出的用于激励自己和朋友的帖子应是建议之类的内容。B项符合语境，其余各项均与语境不符。故选B。‎ ‎18．A　考查形容词辨析。This will help me start a nodprofit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句)‎ 译文：这将帮助我在将来建立一个非盈利基金会。‎ 由关键句可知，作者一直坚持自己的信仰和做法，那么接着说的就是他的最终目标。final意为“最后的，最终的”，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎19．B　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“复杂的”；B项意为“难以解决的”；C项意为“未知的”；D项意为“糟糕的”。由语境可知，作者的最终目标是要证明这个世界不是无法解决的问题的集合体。unsolvable与下文的“can be changed”相衔接且符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎20．D　考查形容词最高级辨析。A项意为“最新的”；B项意为“最懒的”；C项意为“最慢的”；D项意为“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此处指的是甚至是最小的行动都会改变一些事情。D项符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎***短文改错。‎ 9‎ As a student, I can tell you that there is something better than praised by my teacher before my classmates.‎ The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I have recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our hearts into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set the good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 as though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing that the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study hard rather than wasting precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online.‎ On my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone.‎ 答案：‎ As a student, I can tell you that there is better than praised by my teacher before my classmates.‎ The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study rather than precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online.‎ ‎ my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone.‎ 难项分析：‎ 9‎ 第一处：something→nothing　考查否定词与比较级的连用。否定词与比较级连用表达最高级的含义。用于该结构的否定词有no, not, never, nothing等。此处用There is nothing better than ... 表示“没有什么比……更好/最好的莫过于”。‎ 第二处：than后加being　考查非谓语动词。than前后所跟成分为并列关系，其后的动作表示“被表扬”，且是一般性客观事实，故用动名词的被动式。‎ 第七处：that→what　考查名词性从句的连接词。引导宾语从句，在从句中作said的宾语，表示“所……的事物”，应用what引导。‎ ‎***‎ ‎ ‎ 9‎