2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（11）（含解析）

2020版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（11）（含解析）

‎2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（十一）‎ 李仕才 A On Christmas Eve, 1944, my grandmother urged my uncle, then 12 years old, to slip out of the concentration camp where they were imprisoned near 15 miles east of Vienna to go to Deutsch-Wagram. “People are charitable around Christmastime,” Grandma Lili said to her son, Gyuri. “Ask for some food. Anything they can spare. Tell them that we’re on the edge of starvation. Tell them that your 3-year-old sister can not get off the bed because she’s outgrown her shoes.”‎ In the dark of that night, Gyuri secretly left the camp and walked nearly four miles to Deutsch-Wagram, the closest town. He happened upon a house and knocked on the front door. A woman opened that door. She was probably alone, her man far away, fighting in the war, her children asleep in their beds. The 12-year-old pieced together in German exactly what his mother had told him to say.‎ ‎“Come back tomorrow," whispered the woman. The next day, my uncle returned. The woman opened the door with a smile. She piled his hands with bread, clothing, a pair of shoes that her child had outgrown and a pair of socks. The woman had knitted warm socks for my mother. After putting on the socks and shoes that fit, my mother got off the bed in delight. Her ragged shoes were passed on to a younger child who was also living in the camp. They shared their unexpected harvest with the entire camp. It was a quiet celebration of human kindness around Christmastime.‎ In April 1945, my mother, uncle and grandmother were liberated. And it was those very socks and shoes that my mother wore as she walked some 28 miles over two days to Bratislava on her walk to a new life.‎ To the unknown giver, I thank you. In the desperation of a cold and snowy land, when many hearts were closed and death was more likely than life, especially for Jews, you gave them hope and comfort.‎ ‎1.What did Gyuri manage to do on Christmas Eve?‎ A. Get permitted to go out. B. Receive food and clothing.‎ C. Express what his family needed. D. Celebrate Christmas in the camp 10‎ ‎2.Why does the author mention shoes so many times?‎ A. To prove the truth of the story.‎ B. To help the development of the story.‎ C. To attract readers’ attention to the story.‎ D. To make clear the background of the story.‎ ‎3.What feeling did the author write the text with?‎ A. Desperation B. Gratefulness. ‎ C. Excitement D. Sorrow.‎ ‎4.What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Light in darkness B. Peace to common people C. Courage in face of danger D. The influence of Christmas ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了1944年圣诞前夕，奶奶一家在集中营里日子艰难，迫不得已12岁的叔叔秘密走出集中营去附近的村庄求助，一位善良的女士给予了他们一家一些物质上的帮助。这位好心人的善举给了过着暗无天日的日子的奶奶一家不仅是物质上的帮助还有对未来的希望，最终一家人坚持到光明的到来。‎ ‎2.B 推理判断题。开始提到鞋子是Gyuri妹妹没有合脚的鞋穿是他逃出集中营求助的原因之一，Gyuri的妹妹有了合脚的鞋后，小了的鞋就被送给了集中营里的一个比她小的孩子，而Gyuri的妹妹穿着好心人送的鞋迎来了自由，一家人走向了新生活，鞋子贯穿这个故事，因此推断作者多次提到鞋的原因是为了有助于故事的发展和文章主题的升华。故选B。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文特别是文章最后一段可知，在积雪覆盖的寒冷的冬天，人们封闭自己，死亡比活下去更容易的情况下，这位善良的人不仅给予了奶奶一家物质上的帮助，而且给了他们希望和抚慰。就像黑暗中的亮光鼓励他们走向新的生活。因此推断这篇文章歌颂了黑暗中人性光明的一面。故选A。‎ 10‎ B ‎(2017·安徽江南十校一模)‎ Thirteen years ago,my brother died.I was in severe sorrow.I remember putting one foot in front of the other—things needed to get done,tasks,completed—but feeling terribly empty inside.Four years later,I has still not gotten a job.My savings had run out.‎ In 2010,I began to think about rebuilding my life.When I was out walking my dog,Macarena,whom I had bought a year after my brother’s death.I had the feeling that if I could get control over my hair,I could get control over my life.‎ My hair has annoyed me for most of my life.It’s huge,curly and has a life all its own.I have countless hair stories that could easily become horror stories!For example,once my mother took me to get my hair done at a beauty salon and the stylist gave me a cut that looked like a monster!‎ Now,you see why mastering my hair was so important to me.I watched countless YouTube videos from a community of women who shared hairstyles,which was a do-it-yourself community I was inspired by.As I started to develop a more loving relationship with my hair,I realized my curly hair was teaching me a lot about patience.That shedding(脱落) is an important part of the “letting go” process to make way for the new.Our hair is the only part we can cut off,grow back,color,curl and straighten.The only thing we can change at will is to tell the world who we are.‎ Now I’m the captain of my ship.But for my hair,I would never have known that.‎ ‎1.After the author’s brother died,she 　　　. ‎ A.lost her job and was bathed in tears B.was very sad and unable to do anything C.couldn’t recover from the loss of her brother D.filled her daily life with work to lift up her spirits ‎2.What did the author think was the key to rebuilding her life?‎ A.Saving on a tight budget.‎ B.Getting a dog for company.‎ C.Acquiring a well-paid job.‎ 10‎ D.Fixing the problem of her hair.‎ ‎3.What can we learn from the author’s experience?‎ A.Everyone should learn to love himself and care for others.‎ B.Changing oneself takes patience and is a way to control his life.‎ C.It is necessary to forget one’s past and live in harmony with nature.‎ D.Hair shows one’s unique qualities and is a symbol of difficulties in life.‎ ‎4.What may be the best title for the text?‎ A.Start from the Head B.Clear up the Mess C.Make up for the Loss D.Just Do It Yourself ‎1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者的哥哥去世后,作者陷入了极度的伤心中,内心非常空虚,而且也没有找到工作,因此可以推断,作者无法从失去哥哥的阴影中走出来,故选C项。‎ ‎2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...I had the feeling that if I could get control over my hair,I could get control over my life.”可知,作者认为如果能控制自己的头发,就能够控制自己的生活。故选D项。‎ ‎3.B　推理判断题。从第三段内容可知,作者决定改变自己,开始爱自己的头发,而头发使她懂得了要有耐心,头发脱落又再长出来,发型的改变等让她也慢慢地改变了自己的生活。因此改变自己需要耐心,同时也是改变生活的一种方式。故选B项。‎ ‎4.A　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的作者通过头发而逐渐地明白了生活的真谛,并改变了自己的生活,故选A项。‎ C Most artists have a favorite material they like to work with.For 28yearold Kristen Alice, it happens to be garbage.The ecofriendly designer uses her incredible talent to transform garbage like empty drink bottles and candy wrappers into charming dresses that sell for thousands of dollars.‎ Kristen says the idea came to her after she saw how much waste she and her three college roommates generated on a daily basis.The Fine Arts student began to dream about transforming the deserted bags and packages into beautiful garments.‎ Her first dress made from plastic bags and rolled magazines was strange, fun and even 10‎ ‎ charming.However, she only made it to test her creativity.‎ The young designer did not consider starting a commercial venture(企业)until she spent a week working at Couture Fashion Week in New York City.There she observed the excitement generated by new and vintage(复古的)looks and decided to see if her unusual idea would result in as much enthusiasm.She began by creating a line of 12 garbageinspired dresses.They were a huge success.‎ Today her company that has offices in Palm Beach, Florida and New York City, produces a wide variety of dresses ranging from cocktail dresses to ball gowns (礼服)．Kristen, of course, doesn't search garbage cans for her material anymore.Instead, she seeks it from companies that have produced more than they need and are planning to throw away the extras.‎ However, if you think the garbageinspired dresses come cheap, think again.The price for readymade creations retails(零售)from $500 to $1,500.Though that may appear expensive, the designer says she has no shortage of customers.In fact she now even has garbageinspired clothing for men that includes jackets, ties, trousers and even board shorts! While most of the clothes are strong enough to resist multiple wears, whether they can be cleaned is a little unclear.‎ 文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道类文章。作者主要介绍了时装设计者Kristen将垃圾作为服装的材料并取得的巨大成功。‎ ‎1．What made Kristen think of using trash as her favorite material?‎ A．Her poor living conditions at college.‎ B．The education from her parents not to waste anything useful.‎ C．Her roommates' advice of using garbage to replace ordinary material.‎ D．Her consciousness of environmental protection and trained eyes.‎ 答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的Kristen says the idea came to her after she saw how much waste she and her three college roommates generated on a daily basis可知是她的环境保护意识和有教养的眼光使她想起将垃圾作为她最喜欢的制作衣服的材料。故选D。‎ ‎2．Kristen decided to start a commercial venture because ________.‎ A．she just wanted to test her creativity B．she was inspired by the enthusiasm caused by new and vintage dresses C．she was driven by the huge profits brought by new fashion D．she found there were no uniquelooking but affordable clothes in ‎New York 答案：B　细节理解题。根据题干关键词start a commercial venture找到文章对应段落就是第四段，根据该段的第一、二句话The young designer did not consider starting a 10‎ ‎ commercial venture(企业)until she spent a week working at Couture Fashion Week in New York City.There she observed the excitement generated by new and vintage(复古的)looks and decided to see if her unusual idea would result in as much enthusiasm中的关键词enthusiasm和excitement以及new and vintage(复古的)looks可知选B。‎ ‎3．The last two paragraphs are mainly about ________.‎ A．the success of Kristen's career B．the advantages and disadvantages of the garbageinspired clothing C．what clothing Kristen mainly designed D．where Kristen got garbage for her clothing 答案：A　主旨大意题。通读文章最后两段，并根据第四段的最后一句话They were a huge success这是Kristen开始成功，接下来最后两段就主要叙述了她取得的职业生涯的一系列成功。故选A。‎ ‎4．What is the best title of the passage?‎ A．New Use of Garbage B．A New Trend of Fashion C．A Talented and Ambitious Fashion Designer D．Transforming Trash into Wonderful Garments 答案：D　细节理解题。New Use of Garbage垃圾的新用途；A New Trend of Fashion时装新潮流；A Talented and Ambitious Fashion Designer有天赋的且有雄心的时装设计者；Transforming Trash into Wonderful Garments将垃圾转换成美妙的服装。通读全文，特别是根据文章的最后一段可知Krsiten将人类的这个梦想转变成现实，让垃圾成为美妙的服装。故选D。‎ D ‎(2017·甘肃天水一模)‎ Tyler was born infected with HIV and his mother was also infected.From the very beginning of his life,he was dependent on medications(药物) to enable him to survive.When he was five,he had a tube surgically(外科手术上) inserted in a vein(静脉) in his chest.This tube was connected to a pump,which he carried in a small backpack on his back.Medications were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream.At times,he also needed supplemented oxygen to support his breathing.‎ Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly 10‎ ‎ disease.It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard,wearing his backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon(小推车).All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him.Tyler’s mom often made jokes on him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red.That way,when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard,she could quickly spot him.This terrible disease eventually wore him down.He grew quite ill and,unfortunately,so did his HIV-infected mother.When it became clear that he wasn’t going to survive,Tyler’s mom talked to him about death.She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too,and that she would be with him soon in heaven.‎ A few days before his death,Tyler beckoned(召唤) me over to his hospital bed and whispered,“I might die soon.I’m not scared.When I die,please dress me in red.Mom promised she’s coming to heaven,too.I’ll be playing when she gets there,and I want to make sure she can find me.”‎ ‎1.Why did Tyler wear a backpack on his back when he was young?‎ A.Because his mother gave it to him as a gift.‎ B.Because he had no right to choose but to wear it.‎ C.Because he wanted to be different from the other kids.‎ D.Because there was a pump in it,which could help with his disease.‎ ‎2.Tyler asked the writer to dress him in red when he died in order to 　　　. ‎ A.show red is his favorite color B.see the writer again in the hospital C.make his mother recognize him easily D.persuade his mother to keep her promise ‎3.What’s Tyler’s attitude towards death?‎ A.Excited.　　　　　　　B.Fearful.‎ C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.‎ ‎4.What does the writer want to tell us by writing this passage?‎ A.Even a child can teach us a lot.‎ B.Patients should be treated with respect.‎ 10‎ C.People should have great courage to face the problems.‎ D.We should try our best to help those who are infected with HIV.‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“When he was five,he had a tube surgically(外科手术上) inserted in a vein(静脉)in his chest.This tube was connected to a pump,which he carried in a small backpack on his back.Medications were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream.”可知,这个管是连接到一个泵,在一个小背包里。故选D项。‎ ‎2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tyler’s mom often made jokes on him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red.That way,when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard,she could quickly spot him.”和最后一段 Tyler 跟作者说的话“I might die soon.I’m not scared.When I die,please dress me in red.Mom promised she’s coming to heaven,too.I’ll be playing when she gets there,and I want to make sure she can find me.”可知,他想要在去世的时候穿红色衣服,目的是妈妈在天堂能容易地找到他。故选C项。‎ ‎3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I might die soon.I’m not scared.”以及整篇文章的色彩可知,Tyler 对待死亡的态度是乐观的。故选D项。‎ ‎4.C　写作意图题。尽管 Tyler 和他的妈妈都得了艾滋病,但是他们能勇敢地面对,作者的目的是告诉大家,不论遇到什么困难,都要学会勇敢地面对。故选C项。‎ E The BBC was founded in 1922,including radio and television services.It is based at Broadcasting House in London.‎ The BBC is controlled by some governors chosen by the government,but these people have freedom and the government can’t interfere(干扰).That is,the BBC is supposed not to be the mouthpiece(代言人)of the government.It has to be as fair as possible in giving radio and television time to,for example,political parties and religious(宗教)groups.‎ There is a kind of interesting service in British-rental services.Many people prefer to rent their television sets instead of buying them.‎ The rent for a black and white set is about 80 pence a week(1980).The rent of a 10‎ ‎ colour set is more than twice that of a black and white set.If the sets go wrong,people can have them repaired free of charge or replaced immediately.‎ Everyone has to buy a yearly licence,since there is no advertising on BBC radio or television.It is from the sale of licences that the BBC gets most of its money.A licence for a black and white set costs 8 pounds,and for a colour set 18 pounds a year.‎ There are four specialised radio channels,which broadcast different kinds of programmes.Radio 1 is mainly pop music.Radio 2 deals with light music,sports and other programmes.Radio 3 broadcasts serious music,talks on serious subjects,etc.News broadcasts are mainly given by Radio 4.‎ There are special programmes for Northern Ireland,Scotland,Wales,and certain parts of England.It also broadcasts programmes about Britain—in many different languages as well as in English to all parts of the world.‎ ‎1.The officials in charge of the BBC 　　　. ‎ A.must say what the government wants to say B.should give more time to political parties than to religious groups C.are elected by the citizens from all over the country D.can decide things without the permission of the government 答案:D 解析:推理判断题。由第二段可知,BBC不是政府的喉舌,因此A项和B项都不对;控制BBC的官员是由政府选定的,因而C项也可排除。故选D项。‎ ‎2.If you want to watch TV at home in Britain,you 　　　. ‎ A.have to buy a television set of his own B.must rent a TV set C.have to buy a licence once a year D.can change his damaged TV set for a new one without payment 答案:C 解析:细节理解题。第五段有个关键词“yearly”,意为“每年,年年”,故选C项。A、B和D三项说法都过于绝对,与原文不符。‎ ‎3.How does the BBC get most of its money?‎ A.It gets money from all kinds of advertisements.‎ 10‎ B.The BBC depends on the rent of TV sets.‎ C.The BBC gets money mainly by selling licences and TV sets.‎ D.It gets its money mainly by selling licences.‎ 答案:D 解析:细节理解题。由第五段第二句可以得出答案。‎ ‎4.Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A.The BBC radio services include 4 radio channels.‎ B.The BBC broadcasts to foreign countries only in English.‎ C.The programmes of the four radio channels are not the same.‎ D.The BBC special programmes are not only for foreign countries but also for different areas in its own country.‎ 答案:B 解析:细节理解题。文章最后一句话表明,BBC除用英文以外,还用许多种语言向世界广播。显然B项是不正确的。‎ 10‎