中考英语考前20天终极冲刺攻略

中考英语考前20天终极冲刺攻略

2016 年中考英语考前 20 天终极冲刺攻略 考 点 透 视 冠 词 ①冠词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，它只能和名词一起使用； ②冠词分为不定冠词 a/an 和定冠词 the； ③冠词的考点主要涉及：不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词。 名 词 名词的考查点主要涉及名词的单复数、所有格、词义辨析及名词作 定语的用法。 代 词 ①代词是用来代替名词的词； ②历年中考试题出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是 it 用法、疑问 代词、反身代词以及人称代词。 根据对冠词、名词和代词这部分全国各地中考试题的分 析可知，该部分考点在 2016 年中考试题中主要分布在单项 选择、完形填空和短文填空三大题型之中。主要考查点如下： 1. 冠词的位置及其常见的习惯搭配。 2. 名词的可数与不可数；名词单复数在特定情况下的使用； 名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用；物质名词、抽象名 词具体化。 3. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、 区别及其主要用法；反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；常见不定代词的一般用法；指 示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法。 1.（2015·河南）Mr Smith is old man and he usually walks his dog after supper. A. a ; the B. an ; a C. an ; 不填 D. the ; 不填 【参考答案】 C 【试题解析】 考查冠词。第一空表示泛指，且 old 以元音音素开头，故要用不定冠词 an； after supper＂晚饭后＂，为固定搭配，前面不需要冠词。 2.（2015·山东青岛）Jack’s hobby is to play _______ chess. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查冠词的用法。结合句意可知，Jack 的爱好是下国际象棋。play 与球类 运动、棋类等名词搭配时其后不用冠词，故选 D。 3.（2015·江苏苏州）None of them talked. They finished their meal in _______. A. silence B. order C. place D. public 【参考答案】 A 冠词的用法口诀 名词有两＂冠＂，定冠不定冠，定冠就是 the，不定 a 和 an。 先分特泛指，确定大路线。泛指不定无，特指 the 定冠。 泛指可数单，须用 a 或 an；辅音前用 a，an 在元音前； 复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。 零冠词用法口诀 下列情况应免冠，名词之前代词限； 专有名词不可数，学科球棋三餐饭； 复数名词表泛指，星月节日四季前； 颜色语种和国名，习语称呼及头衔 定冠词的用法口诀 特指双知上问题，独一无二普变专； 方位顺序最高级，赛项乐器影剧院； 群岛河山江湖海，沙漠海峡和海湾。 【试题解析】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人说话。他们默默地吃完饭。in silence＂ 沉默的，不出声的＂，故选 A。 4.（2015·广东）Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______. A. symbol ; culture B. symbol; cultures C. symbols ; culture D. symbols; cultures 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】 考查名词单复数。one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数＂最……的…… 之一＂，故第一空要用 symbol 的复数形式；American culture＂美国文化＂，此时 culture 是不可数名词。故选 C。 5.（2015·山东临沂）I live near the station. It’s only about five ______ walk. A. minute’s B. minute C. minutes’ D. minutes 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查名词作定语的用法。＂五分钟的路程＂的正确表达应是five minutes’ walk, 故选 C。 6.（2015·江苏扬州）—Finding information is not a big deal today. —Well, the ______ is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not. A. courage B. message C. challenge D. knowledge 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。courage 勇气；message 消息；challenge 挑战；knowledge 知识。结合本题语境可知，现在找资料没什么大不了的，面临的＂挑战＂是怎样识别资 料是否有用，故所缺的词是 challenge。 7.（2015·山东烟台）When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say _____. 名词所有格的用法口诀 名词所有格，表物是＂谁的＂， 若为生命词，加＂’s＂即可行， 词尾有 s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of 所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查不定代词。句意：当我们的老师听说那个消息的时候，他太生气了， 以至于说不出任何话。所缺的词是 anything。 8.（2015·江苏南京）Everyone makes mistakes in his or her life. The important thing is not to repeat ______. A. it B. them C. him D. her 【参考答案】 B 【试题解析】考查代词的用法。根据题干中提到的 mistakes 可知此处应用 them。 9.（2015·河南）Whenever Mary reads an interesting story, she can’t keep it to _______ and wants to share it with her friends. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查反身代词的用法。句意：每当玛丽读到有趣的故事时，她都无法保守 秘密，想和她的朋友一起分享。keep…to oneself 是固定搭配，意为＂保守秘密＂，故所 缺的词是 herself。 10.（2015·北京）—_____ T-shirt is this? —I think it’s Tom’s. A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Who 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】结合答语＂我认为它是 Tom 的＂可推断应选 Whose。 反身代词莫乱用，能在句中宾、表、 同，主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要 记清。 单 数 反 身 代 词 ： myself, yourself, himself, itself； 复数反身代词：ourselves, yourselves, themselves。 1.（2016·黄冈市春季第一次模拟考试）—Tom, look at______ boy in red. Do you know him? —Yes, he is ______ friend of my brother’s. A. a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 2.（2016·郑州市一模）Tu Youyou, ______ 85-year-old Chinese female scientist won the Nobel Prize on Oct 5, 2015. A. a B. an C. the D./ 3.（2016·黄冈市春季第一次模拟考试）Why not give Linda some ________? She has failed in Chinese several times. A. notice B. suggestion C. advice D. warning 4.（2016·东北师大附中第一次模拟考试）He decided not to tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a _______. A. gift l B. note l C. call D. surprise 5.（2016·济南市高新区第一次模拟考试）Mike and his friends are going to the ________to see the new movie tonight. A. bookshop l B. restaurant C. cinema l D. concert 6.（2016·南阳市卧龙区一模）My aunt is a good actress；she plays many different kinds of ______ all her life. A. actors B. films C. roles D. gestures 7.（2016·郑州市一模）The old man lives in a house that he built ______ out of wood. A. itself B. himself C. themselves D. ourselves 8.（2016·江苏省盐城市景山中学第三次月考英语试题）I find____ hard to make friends with him . A. this B. that C. it D. them 9.（2016·南京江宁区第一次模拟）A smile costs , but it gives so much. So we should learn to smile. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 10.（2016·长沙市麓山国际实验学校第一次模拟考试）—Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice? — . Please give me a cup of tea. A. Neither B. Both C. None 1.B 【解析】in red＂穿红色衣服的那个男孩＂，特指；故用 the，＂ 他是我哥哥的一个 朋友＂，泛指一个，用不定冠词 a。 2.B 【解析】题意表示＂一位 85 岁的女科学家＂，是泛指，要用不定冠词；eighty-five 是元音音素开头，故用冠词 an。 3.C 【解析】some 一般修饰不可数名词和可数名 词复数，A，B 和 D 都是可数名词，故选 C。 4. D 【解析】句意：他决定不告诉他父母他要回 家，因为他想要给他们一个惊喜。gift 礼物； note 便条；call 电话；surprise 惊讶，惊喜。 故选 D。 5. C 【解析】句意：Mike 和他的朋友打算今晚去电影院看新的影片。bookshop 书店； restaurant 饭店；cinema 影院；concert 剧院。由句意可知选 C。 6.C 【解析】句意：我姑姑是一个很好的女演员；在她的一生中，她扮演了各种不同的角 色。actor 演员；film 电影；role 角色；gesture 手势。由句意可知选 C。 7. B 【解析】句意：那位老人住在一所自己盖得木房子里。表示＂老人自己盖得＂，要用 himself。 8.C 【解析】句意：我发现和他交朋友很难。本题考查形式宾语 it 的用法，it 在此处作形 式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。句型为 find +it +adj.+to do sth.，故此题选 it。 9. A 【解析】句意：微笑是无需付出任何成本的……该句中的 but 一词构成前后语义矛盾，＂ 微笑不花钱，但却给予他人很多。nothing 与 much 形成语义对比。故本题选择 C 项。 cost nothing 意为＂无需付出＂。 10. A 【解析】此题重点考查不定代词的基本用法：both 两个都…… ； neither 两个都不； none 三个或三个以上中没有一个=no one。 1.—Who is ______ teacher in the white T-shirt? —Oh, that is my English teacher, Peter. A. / B. a C. an D. the 2. —I can’t find any ______to show my thanks to you. —You are welcome. A. picture B. energy C. food D. expression 3. —I talked with a foreigner for a long time yesterday. —Great! It’s a good _______ to practice English. A. habit B. chance C. skill D. exercise 4. Many people go to Tian’anmen Square to watch the national _________ rise on National Day. A. flag B. flower C. sign D. wonder 5.—What a useful _______ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot. —My pleasure. A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice 6. —Our government is doing _______ to protect the environment. —That’s great. A. something useful B. anything useful C. useful something D. useful nothing 7. —Susan, is this your dictionary? —Oh, it’s not . Ask Li Lei, he is looking for_______. A. me; hers B. mine; him C. my; her D. mine; his 8. —Do you have anything important to say for your mother? — except sorry. A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everything 9. —The camera in your hand is nice, is it ______? —Yes, but I’ll give it to my friend Lily as ______ birthday present. A. you；her B. your；hers C. yours；her D. you；his 10. This is _______ song I’ve always told you about. Isn’t it _______ beautiful one? A. a；a B. a；the C. the；the D. the;；a 1.D 【解析】句意：＂穿白色 T 恤衫的那个老师是谁？＂＂哦，那是我的英语老师，彼得。＂ teacher 后有介词短语修饰可知是特指，故用 the。 2. D 【解析】句意：＂我找不出任何表达方式来表达我对你的感谢。＂＂不客气。＂picture 图片；energy 能量；food 食物；expression 表达方式。由句意可知选 D。 3.B 【解析】句意：＂昨天我和一个外国人谈了很长时间。＂＂太棒了！这是练习英语的 一个好机会。＂habit 习惯；chance 机会； skill 技术； exercise 锻炼。a good chance to do sth.＂做某事的好机会＂，结合句意，和外国人交谈是一个练习英语的好机会，故 选 B。 4. A 【解析】句意：许多人在国庆节去天安门广场上看升国旗。flag 旗帜；flower 花；sign 标志；wonder 惊奇; 奇观。所以选 A。 5.C 【解析】句意：＂你给我的建议多么有用啊！＂＂很乐意。＂information 信息；suggestion 建议；advice 建议。A、B 和 D 选项都是不可数名词，而句中 a 后面应该跟可数名词。 故选 C。 6.A 【解析】句意：＂我们的政府正在做一些有用的事保护环境。＂＂太好了！＂something 某事，用于肯定句；anything 任何事，用于否定句或疑问句。此处是肯定句，故用 something。形容词修饰不定代词时，位于不定代词的后面。故选 A。 7. D 【解析】句意：＂苏三，这是你的字典吗？＂＂啊，不是我的，去问问李磊吧，他正 在找他的。＂形容性物主代词是物主代词的一种（另一种为人称代词），置于名词前， 起修饰作用，表示某人的，名词性物主代词起名词的作用。名词性物主代词=形容词 性物主代词+名词。只有上文提及了某个名词，才会知道名词性物主代词指代的事物。 后面是名词的话，前面就要用形容词性物主代词。后面没有名词的话，就用名词性物 主代词。结合句意，故选 D。 8.B 【解析】句意：＂你有什么要为你母亲说的重要事吗？＂＂除了说抱歉没什么。＂ everything 每件事；something 某事；anything 任何事；nothing 没有事。根据 but sorry 可知该选 B。 9.C 【解析】句意：＂你手里的相机很好看，是你的吗？＂＂是的，但是我会把它当做礼 物送给我的朋友丽丽。＂形容词性物主代词置于名词前，起修饰作用，表示某人的； 名词性物主代词起名词作用。由句意可知第一空用名词性物主代词，第二空用形容词 性物主代词。故选 C。 10. D 【解析】第一个空是特指，特指我给你说过的那首歌，第二个空是表示某一个类别。 根据句意：这是我已经告诉你的那首歌，难道它不是一首漂亮的歌吗？所以应选 D Look at the Sky from the Bottom of a Well（坐井观天） There is a frog. He lives in a well and he never goes out of the well. He thinks the sky is as big as the mouth of the well. One day a crow comes to the well. He sees the frog and says, ＂Frog, let’s have a talk.＂ Then the frog asks, ＂Where are you from?＂ ＂I fly from the sky,＂ the crow says. The frog feels surprised and says, ＂The sky is only as big as the mouth of the well. How do you fly from the sky?＂ The crow says, ＂The sky is very big. You always stay in the well, so you don’t know the world is big. The frog says, ＂I don’t believe.＂ But the crow says, ＂You can come out and have a look by yourself.＂ So the frog comes out from the well. He is very surprised. How big the world is! 数词 数词可分为两大类： ① 基数词：表示数目的多少。基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语和同位 语。 ② 序数词：表示顺序。其考点主要涉及：其前加定冠词用作定语；其前加不定冠词表 示“再一，又一”；年、月、日的表达；分数的表达法等。 * 数词通常以单项选择、词语运用或听力的形式进行考查。 主谓一致 主谓一致通常遵循三个原则： ① 语法一致原则（主单谓单，主复谓亦复） ② 意义一致原则（根据主语的意义决定谓语的单复数） ③ 就近一致原则（由 or，either... or...，neither... nor...，not only...but also...， whether...or... 等连接并列主语时，常采用“就近原则”，即谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。） * 备战 2016 中考时考生必须把每一种用法都记住，并灵活运用。尤其要注意就近原则、 集体名词和百分数、复数名词作主语的情况。主谓一致通常以单选的形式进行考查， 多是让考生选择合适的谓语动词。 连词 连词是虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子。连词的考点主要有： ① 并列连词（and，but，or，for，both…and，not only…but also，either…or，neither…nor 等） ② 从属连词（that，if/whether，before，after，since，when/while，as，till/until，as soon as，where，because，so/such…that，in order that，unless，although/though，even if/though 等） * 备战 2016 中考时考生要注意并列连词 and，or，neither… nor 等及从属连词在状语从 句中的用法。 介词 介词是虚词，用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系，不能重读，不能单独作句子 成分。介词的考点主要涉及： ① 表示时间的介词（at，in，on，since，after，before，until 等） ② 表示地点的介词（at，in，on，to，under，by，among，between，into 等） ③ 表示方式的介词（by，in，on，through，with，without 等） * 备战 2016 中考时考生要注意介词辨析，介词的固定搭配等方面。 1.（2015·黄冈）—How many friends will come to your _________ birthday party? —About _________. A. fifteen；fifteen B. fifteenth；fifteenth C. fifteen；fifteenth D. fifteenth；fifteen 【参考答案】 D 【试题解析】本题考查数词的用法。第一空要用序数词 fifteenth，“one’s+序数词+birthday” 表示“某人的……岁生日”；第二空要用基数词 fifteen 表示数量。 2.（2015·天津）Basketball is so exciting that _________ people play it for fun. A. million B. two millions C. million of D. millions of 【参考答案】 D 【试题解析】本题考查 million 的用法。millions of 为固定搭配，表示“数以百万计的”。 million 若和数词连用，应用单数形式。 3.（2015·随州）It’s said that _________ of the water around the world _________ polluted. A. two third；has B. two thirds；is C. two third；are D. two thirds；have 【参考答案】 B 【试题解析】本题考查分数表达法及主谓一致。第一空表示“三分之二”要用 two thirds； 第二空分数作主语时，如果 of 后面是可数名词复数，则谓语也要用复数，如果 of 后是 可数名词单数或不可数名词，则谓语也要用单数，water 是不可数名词，故选 B。 英语分数巧记 英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字。 分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。 4.（2015·呼和浩特）Neither the headmaster nor the teachers _________ take a vacation next week. A. were going to B. is going to C. was going to D. are going to 【参考答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查主谓一致和时态。neither…nor…“既不……也不……”，引导并列 主语时，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，即本句中要与 the teachers 保持一致；又因 next week 表示将来，要用一般将来时，故选 D。 5. （ 2015· 泰 安 ） Everybody except Mike and Linda _________ there when the meeting began. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【参考答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查主谓一致和时态。此 处谓语动词的数应和 Everbody 保持一致，故 应用单数形式；又由 when the meeting began 可知应用一般过去时，故选 C。 6.（2015·东营）Police：What’s in your wallet? Owner：There _________ some money and two tickets for today’s e-sports competition. A. is B. was C. are D. were 【参考答案】 A 【试题解析】本题考查主谓一致和时态。there be 句型遵循“就近原则”，根据空后的 money 可知此处应用单数形式，排除 C、D 两项；又结合语境可知应用一般现在时，故选 A。 主谓一致记忆口诀 单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。 如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。 有些名词谓常复，牛人警察和船员。 主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。 主语从句非谓语，many a 再加 more than one， 谓语动词均用单。 or，nor，but also，there be，近主原则挂嘴边。 主语 neither，either，one，谓语总是用三单。 主语虽有 and 连，and 后面没有冠， 仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是单三。 时间、价值度量衡，谓语常作单数看。 no，each，every 后用单，两件/种事物/情系一概念。 7.（2015·北京）Get up early，_________ you’ll be late for school. A.so B. and C. or D. but 【参考答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查连词的用法。句意：早点起床，否则你上学会迟到的。根据句意 可知选 or“否则”。 8.（2015·天津）_________ the dinner was all over，everyone helped wash the dishes. A. How B. When C. Before D. Why 【参考答案】 B 【试题解析】本题考查连词。句意：当晚餐全部结束的时候，每个人都帮着洗餐具。how“如 何”；when“当……的时候”；before“在……之前”；why“为什么”。故选 C。 9.（2015·重庆）A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal _________ April 25th, 2015. A. on B. in C. at D. from 【参考答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查介词的用法。在具体的某一天前要用介词 on。 10.（2015·黄冈）—_________ my surprise，Jin Ming was chosen into our school football team. —Congratulations. He did well _________ playing football when he was very young. I hope he’ll be the best player in our school. A. To；of B. At；at C. To；in D. In；about 【参考答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查固定搭配。to one’s surprise 表示“令 某人吃惊的是”；do well in 表示“擅长”，固定搭配，故选 C。 11.（2015·南充）Everyone is born _________ the ability to learn. A. at B. on C. with D. in 【参考答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查介词辨析。句意：每个人天生都具有学习的能力。with“有”符合 句意。故选 C。 12.（2015·潍坊）You must be careful when you swim _________ the lake. A. across B. below C. over D. through 【参考答案】 A 【试题解析】 across 表示从表面穿过；below 表示在……的正下方；over 表示在……上 面；through 表示从……内部穿过。结合句意可知选 A。 时间介词巧记歌 年月周前要用 in， 日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用“on”， 上午下午又是“in”。 要说某日上下午， 用 on 换 in 才能行。 午夜黄昏用 at， 黎明用它也不错。 at 也在时分前， 说“差”用 to，说“过”要用 past。 1.（2016·江苏东台八校期中）Dutch tulips in Dafeng are so charming that _________ tourists go there and enjoy the beautiful flowers every day. A. thousand of B. thousands of C. three thousand of D. three thousands of 2.（2016·福建长汀四中期末）China has been _________ country in the world to land on the moon. A. third B. a third C. the third D. the three 3.（2016·江苏宜城环科园教学联盟月考）_________ of the students in our class _________ interested in WeChat on the Internet. A. Two fifths；is B. Two fives；is C. Two fifth；are D. Two fifths；are 4.（2015·河南郑州一中月考）The public _________ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims. A. is B. was C. are D. has been 5.（2016·湖北黄冈检测）Not only I but also David and Iris _________ fond of playing basketball. A. am B. is C. are D. was 6.（2015—2016 学年江西宜春期末）_________ it was difficult，Mingyue Mountain finally became the first 5A tourist attraction in Yichun on Oct. 15th. A. Although B. If C. So D. But 7.（2015·江苏江都实验初级中学期末）—How long have you lived in Yangzhou? —_________ I was ten years old. A. When B. For C. From D. Since 8. （ 2016· 云 南 普 洱 市 思 茅 第 三 中 学 月 考 ） Uncle Wang knows a lot about the world _________ watching TV. A. by B. at C. to D. for 9.（2015-2016 学年江苏盐城射阳实验初中期中）—I will go to visit Sanya this summer holiday. —Really? Sanya is famous _________ its beautiful beaches. Be sure to go to the beaches. A. to B. for C. as D. with 10.（2015—2016 学年上海浦东新区期中）Both teachers and students are busy _________ June. A. with B. in C. on D. at 1.B 【解析】句意：大丰的荷兰郁金香是如此迷人，以至于每天都有成千上万的游客去 那里欣赏美丽的花朵。thousand 的用法：与数词连用时不加 s；表示含糊数目时要 用 thousands of。 2.C 【解析】句意：中国是世界上第三个登上月球的国家。此处表示顺序要用序数词， 故选 C。 3.D 【解析】句意：我们班五分之二 的学生对在网络上聊天很感兴 趣。第一空，分子大于 1，分母 要用序数词的复数形式；第二 空，students 为可数名词复数， 谓语也要用复数，选 D。 4.C 【解析】“The +形容词”作主语时，表示一类人时谓语用复数，表示一类事物时谓语 用单数，再根据空后的 their 可知这里要用 are。 5. C 【解析】由 not only...but also 连接的并列结构作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”， 由题中的 David and Iris 可知要用 are，故 选 C。 6.A 【解析】句意：尽管很难，明月山最终在 10 月 15 日成为宜春第一个 5A 级旅游景 区。although 尽管；if 如果；so 因此；but 但是。根据句意可知选 A。 7.D 【解析】句意：—你居住在扬州多久了？—自从我十岁以来。when 当……的时候；for 为了； from 来自；since 自……以来。所以选 D。 8.A 【解析】句意：王叔叔通过看电视对世界了解很多。by 通过……，表示方式，符合句 意。 9.B 【解析】句意：—今年暑假我要去三亚旅游。—真的吗？三亚因美丽的沙滩而著名。 你一定要去海滩。be famous for 因……而著名。根据句意可知选 B。 10.B 【解析】句意：在六月，教师和学生都很忙。在月、年和季节前要用介词 in。故选 B。 1. _________ of the students are going to visit the factory next week. A. Three fifth B. Third fifths C. Three fives D. Three fifths 2. Both of the rulers are broken. I want to buy a _________ one. A. three B. third C. forth D. / 3. Neither Tom nor his parents _________ at home. A. is B. are C. has D. was 4. Cattle _________ on the hillside. A. grazes B. is grazing C. was grazing D. were grazing 5. You won’t pass the exam _________ you don’t work hard. A. but B. so C. and D. if 6. John fell asleep ________ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as 7. —Why do you like Michael Jackson? —_________ he was the King of Pop. A. As B. For C. Because D. Since 8. Children get gifts _________ Christmas and _________ their birthdays. A. on；on B. at；on C. in；in D. in；on 9. A little monkey is playing _________ a tree and there are a lot of bananas _________ it. A. on；on B. in；on C. on；in D. in；in 10. No one can be successful ________ hard work. A. through B. for C. with D. without 1.D 【解析】句意：3/5 的学生下周将要去参观工厂。当分子大于 1 时，分母用序数词的复 数。 2.B 【解析】句意：这两把尺子都坏了，我想再买第三把。 由句意可知这里第三把尺子，要用序数词，故答案 为 B。 3.B 【解析】由 neither...nor 连接的并列结构作主语时， 谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，此处谓语要与 his parents 保持一致，故选 B。 4.D 【解析】cattle、people、police 等作主语时，谓语常 用复数形式，故选 D。 5.D 【解析】句意：如果你不努力学习你就不会通过考试。but 但是；so 因此；and 并且； if 如果。根据句意可知应选 D。 6.C 【解析】句意：约翰在听音乐的时候睡着了。由句意可知听音乐和睡着两个动作是同 时进行的，因此要用 while，表示“在某个动作进行时发生了另一个动作”。故选 C。 7.C 【解析】句意：—你为什么喜欢迈克尔·杰克逊？—因为他是流行音乐之王。as 作为； for 为了；because 因为；since 自从。结合句意可知选 C。 8. B 【解析】at Christmas“在圣诞节”和 on one’s birthday“在某人的生日”均为固定搭配。 9. B 【解析】表达“在树上”时，树本身的东西要用on the tree，而其他外来之物要用in the tree， 故选 B。 10. D 【解析】句意：不努力工作，没有人能够成功。through“穿过”；for“为了”；with“用， 与，随着”；without“没有，不”。由句意可知选 D。 （一） Q：How can you most irritate(激怒) a farmer? A：By treading on his corn? 如果你踩了农夫的玉米或是谷物，他肯定会生气的； 而如果你踩了农夫脚底的鸡眼，他会更生气。corn 既可 以表示“玉米/谷物”，也有“鸡眼”的意思。 （二） Q：What do people do in a clock factory? A：They make faces all day. 一看到 make faces 这个短语，你可千万别以为是在钟表厂工作的人整天都做鬼脸呀！因 为除了这个意思以外，它还可以从字面上解释为制造钟面。 考点 分类及主要功能 考查重难点 形容 词 1. 修饰名词或不定代词 2. 作定语（单个/多个形容词修饰名词）、表语、宾补 1. ★形容词词义辨析 2. 形容词短语辨析 3. ★形容词的比较等级(原级、比较级和最高 级) 副词 1. 分类——时间副词、频度副词、地点副词、方式 副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词 等 2. 修饰动词、形容词、副词及其他结构 1. ★副词词义辨析 2. 副词短语辨析 3. ★副词的比较等级(原级、比较级和最高级) 3. 作定语、状语、表语、补语 综观历年各地中考，形容词和副词是必考的知识点，从命题形式来看，一般有单项选择、 完形填空、词语运用等；其中对形容词和副词的句法功能、比较等级的用法及易混形容词和 副词的辨析的考查是重中之重。预计 2016 年中考热点仍将集中在形容词和副词的词义辨析 和比较等级的用法上。 一、形容词 1.(2015·武汉)—Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? —Certainly, feel ________ to ask me. A. good B. calm C. free D. happy 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】由问句＂威尔逊先生，我可以问你一些关于你的演讲的问题吗？＂可知，答 语为＂当然可以，随便问＂。free 随意的，自由的，feel free to do sth.随意做某事，故选 C。 做词语意义辨析题时，一要清楚选项中各词语的含义，二要看 是否构成固定搭配，三要结合语境，才能准确地选出答案。 2.(2015·温州)A person who is ________ does not tell lies or cheat people. A. careless B. stupid C. honest D. humorous 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：诚实的人不说谎，也不欺骗人。honest 诚实的，故选 C。 3.(2015·河北)Mom, I’m very ________ for all your love. A. thankful B. careful C. useful D. helpful 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：妈妈，非常感谢你对我所有的爱。thankful 感激的。故选 A。 4.(2015·铜仁)The story book is very ________. I’m very ________ in it. A. interesting, interested B. interested, interesting C. interest, interested D. interesting, interest 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意为＂这本故事书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣＂。interesting 有趣的，主语 通常是物；interested 感兴趣的，主语通常是人，be interested in 对……感兴趣。故选 A。 【易混辨析】ing 形容词与ed 形容词 -ing 形容词表示＂令人……的＂，表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰或说明 事物，如 surprising＂令人惊讶的＂，exciting＂令人兴奋的＂，interesting＂有趣的＂等。 -ed 形容词表示＂感到……的＂，表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人， 常用于＂sb.+be+-ed 形容词+介词＂结构，如 surprised＂感到惊讶的＂，excited＂感到兴 奋的＂，interested＂感兴趣的＂等。 5.(2015·孝感)—Which do young people prefer, music or sports? —Both. Music is ________ sports. A. as popular as B. not as popular as C. more popular than D. less popular than 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由句意＂音乐和运动我们年轻人都喜欢＂可知，＂音乐与运动一样受欢迎＂。 as popular as 和……一样受欢迎。选 A。 【特别注意】中考中有时会从侧面考查形容词、副词，如在句型、短语中对其进行考查。 以短语 as…as…, not as/so…as…, than 短语、固定短语等形式考查的可能性较高。 6.(2015·广东)Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. I’m sure he can do the work with ________ money and ________ people. A. less, less B. fewer, more C. more, fewer D. less, fewer 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：鲍勃知道怎样缩减此项目的成本。我确信他能用更少的钱和更少的人 做这项工作。less＂较少的＂，修饰不可数名词；fewer＂较少的＂，修饰可数名词。money 是不可数名词，people 是可数名词，故选 D。 【易混辨析】few、a few、little、a little 的区别： 1.few 与 little 作形容词，都表示否定含义，指＂几乎没有＂。具体区别： (1)few 后面跟复数可数名词；(2)little 后面跟不可数名词。 2.a few 与 a little 作形容词，都表示肯定含义，指＂有一点，有一些＂。具体区别： (1)a few 后跟可数名词复数；(2)a little 后跟不可数名词。 3.a little 与 little 也可以用作副词，a little 表示＂有点＂＂稍稍＂，little 表示＂很少＂。 7.(2015· 德 州 )If overweight people eat less and take more exercise, they’ll soon feel much ________. A. fatter B. older C. bigger D. healthier 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】结合语境可知，超重的人吃得少点，并且多做运动可以感觉更健康。故选 D。 8. (2015·盐城)With the development of modern industry, there will be ________ living space for wild animals. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. more and more D. bigger and bigger 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】由＂随着现代工业的发展＂并结合常识可知，＂野生动物生存的空间会越来 越少＂，less and less 意为＂越来越少＂。故选 B。 9. (2014·贵阳)Sam and Sandy are twin brothers. But Sam is ________ than Sandy. A. more outgoing B. very outgoing C. the most outgoing 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由句中的 than 可知用形容词的比较级形式。故选 A。 有时候题干中有明显的提示词，如比较级的关键词 than，both， the other，either 等。抓住关键词，再看一下题干和选项，就很容易选出答案了。 10. (2015·杭州)My time in the middle school was one of ________ periods of my life. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the more exciting D. the most exciting 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】＂one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数＂表示＂……中最……之一＂。 故选 D。 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。形容词 的最高级前面要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前面的 the 可以省略。在含有最高级的句子中， 常有一个 in/of 短语来表示比较范围。 11.(2015·青岛)This camera is too expensive. I’d like a ________ one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. more expensive 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意为＂这部相机太贵了，我想要一部便宜些的相机＂，后面的 one 是与 前面的 camera 比较，因此用 cheaper。故选 B。 12. (2015·江西)—The scarves are all beautiful. I can’t decide which one to choose. —Oh, look at this red one. I think it’s ________. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful D. less beautiful 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】由＂这些围巾都很漂亮，我决定不了该买哪一条＂可知，＂我认为这条红的 最漂亮＂。表示三者或三者以上中最……的一个，要用最高级。故选 C。 有时比较等级的信息不明显，而是暗藏在题干中。此时我们要 分析一下看是二者的比较，还是三者或三者以上的比较，从而决定用比较级还是最高级。 二、副词 1.(2015·德州)We will have to set off ________ to avoid the heavy traffic tomorrow morning. A. early B. quietly C. slowly D. politely 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】early 早地；quietly 安静地；slowly 缓慢地；politely 礼貌地。句意：明天早 上我们需要早早出发以避开拥挤的交通。故选 A。 2.(2015·汕尾)—Peter, you got to school by taxi? —Oh, I ________ take a taxi to school, but my bike needs repairing today. A. usually B. sometimes C. never D. seldom 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】由＂彼得，你乘出租车上学吗？＂和＂但今天我的自行车需要修理＂可知， 此处应该是＂我不经常/很少乘出租车＂。seldom 很少。故选 D。 (1)透彻理解句意，切忌思维定势；(2)抓住关键词，排除干扰 项；(3)逐项分析筛选，反复分析验证；(4)注意习惯用法，防止中式英语；(5)仔细检查， 切忌马虎。 3.(2015·温州)I fell off the bike on my way to school. ________, I wasn’t hurt. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Politely D. Recently 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由＂我没有受伤＂可知是＂非常幸运＂，luckily 幸运地。故选 A。 4.(2015·丹东)You get wet all over. It must be raining ________ outside. A. heavily B. hardly C. carefully D. loudly 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】heavily 猛烈地，激烈地，大量地；hardly 几乎不；carefully 仔细地；loudly 大声地。由＂你全身都湿了＂可知，＂外面一定在下大雨＂。故选 A。 5.(2015·河北)The movie covers all of Chinese history. It is ________ worth seeing again. A. mainly B. really C. possibly D. hardly 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】mainly 主要地；really 真的，真正地；possibly 可能地；hardly 几乎不。句 意：这部电影涵盖了中国所有的历史，它真的很值得再看一遍。故选 B。 6.(2015·六盘水)Write it________ possible and try not to make any mistakes. A. as careful as B. as carefully as C. more careful D. less careful 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：尽可能认真地写，尽量别出错。as...as possible＂尽可能……＂，修 饰动词 write 用副词 carefully，故选 B。 7.(2015·成都)—Lin Dan won the badminton game again. —Yes. I think no one can do ________ than him. A. well B. better C. best 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】由句中的 than 可知用比较级，故选 B。此处 better 为副词 well 的比较级， well 修饰实义动词 do。 【口诀妙记】特殊形容词、副词的比较级、最高级 一分为二有两个， 一是远(far, farther/further, farthest/furthest)来二是老(old, older/elder, oldest/eldest)； 合二为一共三对，坏病（bad/ ill, worse, worst）两多并两好(good/well, better, best)； 还有一词(little, less, least)双意含，只译少来不译小。 8.(2015·上海)Alex did the project on community service ________ better than his classmates. A. so B. very C. too D. much 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】much 可用于修饰比较级，表示比较的程度。故选 D。 口诀巧记常用于修饰比较级的词语 四 a 仍然没有任何相当的马骑，甚至说怎么走远？(any, much, even, far) 修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有: much, even, any, yet, far, a lot, a little, a bit, twice, five times, many times 等。 9.(2015·江西)I lost my ticket, but ________ the travel agent gave me another one. A. actually B. firstly C. luckily D. exactly 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：我的钱包丢了，但是幸运的是，旅行团又给了我一个钱包。luckily 幸运地。 10.(2015·广州)Emma looked after her pet dog ________ of all her friends. A. careful B. most careful C. more carefully D. the most carefully 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】根据后面的 all her friends 可知是三者以上相比，表示其中最……的一个， 应该用最高级，排除 A、C；修饰 looked after，应该用副词，故选 D。 三、综合辨析 1.(2015·呼和浩特)—What do you think of the woman singer? —Her voice sounds ________. I like her songs. A. sweet B. sweetly C. bad D. badly 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句中 sound 是感官动词，后接形容词作表语，可排除 B 和 D；由句意＂我 喜欢她的歌＂可知，＂她的歌听起来很甜美＂。故选 A。 【温馨提示】当选项中有形容词又有副词时，先看题干中空前空后是什么成分，由此判 断出需要填的是形容词还是副词，排除掉干扰项；然后根据语境选择正确答案。 2.(2015·安顺)This kind of T-shirt looks ________ and sells ________ in the market. A. nice; good B. well; well C. nice; well D. good; nice 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查形容词与副词辨析。look 是系动词，后接形容词作表语；sell 是实义动 词，用副词修饰。故选 C。 【速记口诀】形容词和副词比较等级的用法 一、1. 同级比较：同级比较用原形，as…as 永不离；as…as 加 not，只言两者是同一，若 是 not so…as，后强前弱不看齐； 2. 比较级与最高级：两者比较 than 相连，三者比较 the 在前。 【妙语诠释】 ①同级比较一般用 as…as 表示＂与……一样……＂，这时谁强谁弱 无法比较出来，而 not so…as 则表示后者比前者强，翻译为＂不如……＂；②比较 级通常和 than 连用，而最高级通常跟有定冠词 the。 二、原级用在 as…as 间，比较级用在 than 前， and 连接两个比较级，说明＂越来越怎样＂。 三者以上最高级，副词前可不加 the， even，much 和 a little，也常修饰比较级。 三、一者比较用原级。比较级限二者比。三者三者往上比，最高级的用法起。 若将等级掌握齐，比较范围要搞细。比较级二句型记，做出句子没问题。 若甲乙程度相同，as…as 结构体。甲某方面不及乙，用 not so/as…as 表示。 上述内容全记起，比较等级谈完毕。 1.(重庆市江津中学校 2016 届九年级上学期第三次月考)It’s usually __ to take the underground train to most places in big cities. A. amazing B. expensive C. convenient D. exciting 2.(河北省 2016 届初中毕业生升学文化课考试押题卷)Oxford University is ________ with tourists for its beautiful old buildings. A. different B. famous C. special D. popular 3.(2016 届云南省曲靖市一中九年级三月月考)Speaking loudly in public is a kind of_______ behavior(行为), so we should learn to avoid this situation. A. convenient B. humorous C. impolite D. honest 4.(2016 届上海奉贤区九年级上期末调研)The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone here is ________ to them. A. friendly B. gently C. patiently D. happily 5.(江苏省江阴市要塞片 2016 届九年级英语 5 月模拟考试)After working ________ with each other for months, they felt so _______ to each other that they began to share lunch together. A. closely, closely B. closely, close C. close, close D. close, closely 6.(重庆市江津中学校 2016 届九年级上学期第三次月考)David is a good boy. He always makes _______ mistakes than others. A. little B. less C. few D. fewer 7.(2016 届上海奉贤区九年级上期末调研) In Ozil’s eyes, nothing is ________ than the team’s success. A. more important B. the most importantly C. more importantly D. the most important 8.(2015—2016 学年湖北宜昌九年级下期八校 3 月联考)—There has been thick haze(雾霾)in Zhijiang recently. —We must drive our cars less because _________ cars people drive, _________ pollution there will be. A. the more, the less B. the fewer, the more C. the more, the fewer D. the fewer, the less 9. (2015—2016 学年江苏无锡北塘区八年级上期末)Every one of them can take the job，but I just want to know who is _________. A. the most careful B. more careful C. the most carefully D. more carefully 10.(2015—2016 年福建莆田仙游郊尾、枫亭五校初二下第一次月联考)—Who did it better, Bill or Peter? —I think Bill did Peter. A. as well as B. as good as C. as best as 1. C【解析】句意：在大城市里乘地铁去绝大部分地方是非常便利的。convenient 便利的， 选 C。 2. D【解析】句意：牛津大学因其美丽的老建筑而受游客欢迎。选 D。be popular with sb.受 某人欢迎。 3. C【解析】句意：在公共场合大声讲话是一种不礼貌的行为，因此我们应该学会避免这种 情况。impolite 不礼貌的。 4. A【解析】句意：从新疆来的学生喜欢待在我们学校，因为这儿的每个人对他们都很友好。 friendly 友好的。根据句意及语境此题应选 A。 5. D【解析】句意：近距离工作几个月后，他们感觉彼此如此亲密以至于他们开始一起分享 午餐。close 是距离上的接近，而 closely 是感情关系上的亲近。结合句意选 D。 6. D【解析】句意：大卫是个好男孩。他总是比其他人犯的错误要少一些。little 及其比较级 修饰不可数名词，few 及其比较级修饰可数名词复数，mistakes 为可数名词复数，先排 除 A、B；由句中的 than 可知应用比较级，故选 D。 7. A【解析】句意：在 Ozil 的眼中，没有比团队的成功更重要的事情了。根据句意及题干分 析句中有连词 than，所以要用比较级，排除 B、D；句中谓语是系动词 is，所以用形容 词的比较级，故选 A。 8. D【解析】句意：——最近枝江市有严重的雾霾。——我们必须少开车，因为人们车开得 越少，污染就越少。＂the+比较级(+主语+谓语)，the+比较级(+主语+谓语)＂表示＂ 越……越……＂。more 更多；less 是 little 的比较级，修饰不可数名词；fewer 是 few 的比较级，修饰可数名词。car 是可数名词，pollution 是不可数名词，结合句意和语境 可知选 B。 9.A【解析】句意：每个人都可以做这份工作，但我只是想知道谁是最谨慎的。此处表示三 者或三者以上中最细心的一个，应用最高级，排除 B、D；前面是 be 动词，应该用形容 词作表语，故本题需要形容词的最高级。选 A。 10.A【解析】句意：——比尔和彼得谁做得更好？——我认为比尔和彼得做得一样好。 as+adj./adv.(原级)+as 和……一样……，did 为动词，需接副词作状语，故选 A。 1. —Why do you like living in the countryside, Uncle Wang? —Because the air there is ________ and clean. A. cold B. dirty C. thin D. fresh 2. David was so excited at the good news that he could _______ say a word. A. nearly B. hard C. ever D. hardly 3. —Peter is ________ than you, right? —Yes, but he is ________ runner in our class. A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better 4. Uncle Li is ________ about the ________ game. A. exciting, exciting B. excited, excited C. excited, exciting D. exciting, excited 5. The actress is already 50, but she looks ________ than she really is. A. young B. more young C. more younger D. much younger 6. —Let’s go shopping at the new mall. —Why not shop online? It’s _______. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 7. I ______ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school. A. never B. hardly C. seldom D. usually 8. —It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible! —Yes, I hope to plant trees. ______ trees, ______air pollution. A. The more; the fewer B. The less; the more C. The less; the fewer D. The more; the less 9. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not ___________ a local speaker in China. A. so fluently as B. more fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than 10. If you keep doing sports every day, your health will be getting ______. A. good and good B. better and better C. best and best D. better and best 1.D【解析】问句问的是为什么喜欢住在乡村，结合常识和语境可知，此处表示因为那里的 空气清新又干净。fresh 清新的，新鲜的。 2.D【解析】句意：David 听到这个好消息是如此兴奋，以至于他一句话都说不出来了。hardly 几乎不，选 D。 3.C【解析】问句中有 than，而且表示两者对比，应该用比较级，排除 B、D；此处表示＂他 是我们班最好的赛跑运动员＂，表示最高级意义，应该用最高级，最高级前应该加 the， 故选 C。 4.C【解析】句意：李叔叔对那场令人激动的比赛感到非常激动。excited 感到激动的，修饰 人； exciting 令人激动的，修饰事物。第一空 Uncle Li 表示人，作主语，故用 excited； 第二空修饰名词 game＂比赛＂，故用形容词 exciting。故选 C。 5.D【解析】句意：这个女演员已经 50 岁了，但她看起来比实际年龄年轻得多。由句中的 than 可知应用比较级，young 的比较级是 younger，much 用于修饰比较级，故选 D。 6.C【解析】问话人提议去新开的商场购物，答话人却建议在网上买，且根据常识可知，网 上通常比商场便宜，此处暗含＂去新开的商场购物＂和＂在网上购物＂二者之间的比 较，用比较级，综合可知选 C。 7.D【解析】句意：我通常骑自行车去学校。但是今天早上，我走路去学校。usually 通常，经 常。 8.D【解析】本题考查＂the+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）＂。句意： ——这些天天气灰蒙蒙的。真可怕！——是的，我希望种树；树越多，污染越少。选 D。 9.A【解析】本句考查＂not as/so…as…＂结构。此处用副词 fluently 修饰从句中省略的动词 speaks，故选 A。 10.B【解析】句意：如果你坚持每天做运动，你的健康状况会越来越好。＂比较级+and+比 较级＂表示＂越来越……＂，B 项正确。 I’m the driver of the bus 我是司机 A short young man was running behind a bus which was full of passengers. But the bus still ran at a great speed. ＂Stop, stop,＂a passenger looked out of the window, and shouted at the young man,＂you can’t catch it! ＂ ＂ I must, ＂ the young fellow said, out of breath,＂because I’m the driver of the bus.＂ 在一辆满载乘客的公共汽车后面，一位小个子青年在奔跑着。但公共汽车仍以高速前进。 ＂停下吧，停下吧，＂一位乘客把头伸出窗户，对小个子青年喊道，＂你追不上的！＂ ＂我必须追上，＂小个子青年气喘吁吁地说，＂因为我是这辆公共汽车的司机！＂ 命题点一 实义动词 命题点二 动词短语 命题点三 情态动词 【考情分析】 分析近年中考真题可知，动词与动词短语每年必考 5 - 8 道。具体考查角度如下： 1.动词为必考点，考查角度为动词词义辨析和根据上下文填写适当的动词。动词词义辨析主 要是不同动词的词义辨析，还有少量考查近义动词（如＂借＂、＂说＂、＂看＂等）及感 官动词辨析，设题在单项选择和完形填空中。短文填空主要考查动词的一般用法。 2.动词短语为必考点，考查角度为动词短语辨析和根据汉语提示完成动词短语的翻译。动词 短语辨析主要在单项选择中设题，完形填空少量设题。完成句子主要考查动词短语的翻译， 一般考查动词＋介词的形式，如 get up, hear from 等。 技巧一：近几年中考对动词的语境辨析考查较多，学生在做题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题 干中的关键信息，并分析各选项的意思，同时结合日常生活经验和知识积累，根据句子 语境或上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，从而选择正确的动词。 技巧二：对动词短语的考查以在语境中的动词短语辨析为主。解答此类题首先要熟悉语境， 然后分析每个选项的具体意思，同时掌握动词短语的常用搭配及习惯表达，这样才能做 对题。同时，要熟记常考动词短语的拼写，为完成句子打好基础。 技巧三：情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的 变化，后面必须接动词原形。 1．（2015·湖北宜昌）— Let’s do something for our dad. — Good idea. We should always _________ father’s love for us. A. explain B. suppose C. wonder D. value 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：＂我们为我们父亲做点什么吧。＂＂好 主 意。我们应该永远珍惜 父亲对我们的爱。＂ explain 解释，说明； suppose 假定，期待； wonder 想知道； value 重视，看重。对父亲的爱＂珍惜＂，故选 D。 2．（2015 年·青海西宁） —A terrible smell, Ted! —Sorry, Mom. I’ll ______ my socks and put them in the washer. A. put off B. shut off C. get off D. take off 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：＂特德。一股极不舒服的味道。＂＂对不起，妈妈，我会脱下我的袜 子并且放进洗涤器里。＂put off 推迟，拖延；shut off 关闭；get off 下车；take off 脱下， 拿掉。会把有异味的袜子脱下放进洗涤器里，故选 D。 3．（2015·云南曲靖）—Today, many young people look up to those famous basketball players. —Yes．They are heroes in the eyes of young people． A．value B．trust C．create D．admire 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：＂今天，许多年轻人仰慕那些著名的篮球运动员。＂＂是的，在年轻人 的眼中他们是英雄。＂value 重视，看重；trust 信任；create 创造；admire 仰慕，崇敬。look up to 仰慕，敬重。故选 D。 4．（2015·江苏扬州）—Where is your father, Helen? —He is trying to ______a new shower in the bathroom. A. put out B. put in C. put through D. put down 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：＂海伦，你的父亲在哪儿？＂＂他正在想办法在浴室里装一个新的淋 浴器。＂ put out 扑灭；put in 把……放在……里； put through 经历，接通；put down 放 下。故选 B。 5.（2015·江苏扬州）When you _____ yourself with others, you miss the wonder of who you are. A. compare B. communicate C. contact D. connect 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：当你把自己与别人比较时，你就失去了你自己的奇特之处。 compare 比较；communicate 交流；contact 接触；connect 联系。故选 A。 6．（2015·辽宁锦州）—I’m afraid I can’t travel with you. —Don’t worry. We’ll going on vacation until you’re better. A. put on B. put out C. put away D. put off 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：＂恐怕我不能和你一起旅游。＂＂不要担心，我们要推迟到你好些才 旅游。＂ put on 穿上；put out 扑灭；put away 把……收起来；put off 推迟，拖延。故选 D。 7．（2015·广西玉林防城港） —Is the man over there Mr. Miller? —It ______ be him. He has gone to Shanghai on business. A. might B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：＂那边那个人是米勒先生吗？＂肯定不是他。他已经出差去上海了。＂ must／can(could)／may(might) 可以表示猜测，must 表示肯定猜测，用于肯定句；can’t 表示否定猜测＂肯定不……＂，另外 can(could)/may(might)表示可能性猜测＂可能……＂。 mustn’t ＂千万别＂，表示禁止。根据后文他去了上海，可知是否定猜测，故选 C。 8 ．（ 2015· 江 西 南 昌 ）Fresh food is good for you . But you have to ______it first because sometimes it is a little dirty. A. taste B. smell C. wash D. plant 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：新鲜食物对你有好处。但是你不得不先洗洗它，因为有时它会有点儿 脏。taste 尝尝；smell 闻闻； wash 洗洗；plant 种植。根据后面的原因 because sometimes it is a little dirty 可知是洗一洗，故选 C。 9．（2015·福建厦门）Many volunteers will help to ____ the city parks next Friday. A. give up B. pick up C. clean up 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：下周星期五许多志愿者将要帮助清扫市公园。 give up 放弃；pick up 拾起，拾起；clean up 打扫，清除。从句意看志愿者们是要帮助打扫公园。故选 C。 10．（2015·陕西）—Look! What’s on the ground? —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please . A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：＂看! 地上是什么？＂＂哦，那是我的毛衣。请把它捡起来。＂ pick it up 捡起； put it on 穿上，戴上；give it out 分发； take it off 脱下。根据上 句询问，可知东西在地上，所以请对方捡起，故选 A。 1．（2016·广东省湛江二中港城中学模拟）Lucy ________ read story book at the age of four. A．is able to B．was able to C．should D．would 2.（2016·广东省湛江二中港城中学模拟）— Students _____ be allowed to use mobile phones at school. — I agree. Phones can bring troubles. A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. might D. need 3.（2016·江苏省无锡市惠山区模拟）I don’t think it is a good way. Can you _____________ another one? A. come up B. come in C. come up with D. come out 4.（2016·江苏省无锡市惠山区九年级模拟）The doctor _________him taking more exercise and having more green vegetables. A. advised B. promised C. hoped D. suggested 5. （2016·重庆市云阳盛堡初级中学九年级试题） The traffic in the city _____ be terrible, but now it has improved a lot. I think you will _____ it soon. A. use to; use to B. get used to; used to C. used to; get used to D. get used to; use to 6.（2016·山东省禹城市第二中学九年级质量检测）In the library , you ______ keep quiet . A .may B. might C. must D. can 7.（2016·广东广州九年级上期末考试）—Don't forget to come to our party tomorrow morning. —I won’t. I was just now. A. reminded B. promised C. allowed D. required 8. (2016·江苏省泰兴市西城中学九年级试题）— Are you at the airport? How’s everything? — The flight __________ to Nanjing an hour ago. I have to wait for the next flight. A. took off B. got off C. broke off D. fell off 9．(2016·山东省乐陵市实验中学英语试题)Lots of people in our city __________ the old and the disabled. They usually offer their seats to them on buses or help them cross the road. A. care for B. take care C. agree with D. take pride in 10.（2016·江苏省江阴市月城中学质检）Though I______ his words this time，I don’t _______ him. A. believe in； believe B. believe；believe in C. believe； believe D. believe in； believe in 1.B 【解析】句意：露西在四岁时就能读故事书。be able to 能，会；should 应该；would 愿 意。根据 at the age of four 可知该用一般过去时。所以选 B。 2.A 【解析】句意：＂学生不应该被允许在学校使用手机。＂＂我同意。手机会带来麻烦。＂ shouldn’t 不应该；wouldn’t 不愿意；might 可能；need 需要。结合语境可知选 A。 3.C 【解析】句意：我认为这不是一个好办法。你能想出另一个办法吗？come up 上来；come in 进来；come up with 想出；come out 出来。所以选 C。 4.D 【解析】句意：医生建议他多锻炼，多吃绿色蔬菜。promise 答应，许诺；hope 希望； advise 和 suggest 均为＂建议＂，advise sb. to do。注意:千万不能够用 suggest to do,必 须用 suggest doing。所以选 D。 5.C 【解析】句意：这座城市的交通过去是可怕的，但现在有了很大的提高。我想你会很快 习惯的。used to do sth.过去常常做某事，曾经做某事；get used to （doing）sth.习惯 于做某事。所以选 C。 6.C 【解析】句意：在图书馆，你必须保持安静。may 可能。might 是 may 的过去式。must 必须。can 能够。 根据句意，故选 C。 7.A 【解析】句意：＂不要忘记来参加我们的聚会。＂＂我不会忘记的。刚才我已经被提 醒了。＂remind 提醒，符合句意。 8.A 【解析】took off 起飞；got off 下车；broke off 打破；fell off 落下。句意：＂你在机 场吗？一切怎么样？＂＂到南京的航班一个小时之前起飞了，我不得不等下一个航 班。＂结合句意，故选 A。 9.A 【解析】句意：在我们的城市，许多人关心老人和残疾人。他们通常在公交车上给他 们提供座位，或者帮助他们穿过马路。care for 关心；take care 当心；agree with 同意； take pride in 以……自豪。根据语境可知选 A。 10.B 【解析】句意：尽管这次我相信他的话，但是我不信任他。believe，believe in 这一对 词语都表示＂相信不疑＂的意思，但词意有细微的区别； believe 表示＂相信，信以 为真＂，它是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语；believe in 则表示＂信仰，信任＂之意， 其 后的常用搭配语为：有关宗教、理论、原则、概念及可信任之人。所以选 B。 1. World Expo 2010 Shanghai China people from all over the world to the theme ＂ Better City, Better Life＂. A. attended B. attracted C. allowed D. advised 2. I’m going to see a detective film. Would you please ________ me your bike? A. lend B. give C. borrow 3. —Listen! Someone is playing the piano in the room. It _______ be Kate. —No, it _______ be Kate . She has gone to London. A. must；mustn’t B. must；needn’t C. can；can’t D. must；can’t 4. He his baby every day because his wife is very busy. A puts on B. wears C. dresses D. is in 5. The boy ________ his books and went for his dinner . A. put on B. put up C. put off D. put away 6. Can you______ the TV a little? Your brother is doing his homework． A. turn off B．turn on C．turn up D．turn down 7. There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _____ the old bridge over the small river. A. washed away B. went away C. blew away D. put away 8. TFBOYS’ songs ________ sweet and many of us like listening to them.[来源] A. sound B. feel C. taste D. look 9. I don’t think it is a good way. Can you __________ another one? A. come up B. come in C. come up with D. come out 10. He _______ to school by bike, but now he _____ to school on foot. A .used to going；gets used to going B. used to go；gets used to go C. used to go；gets used to going D. get used to going; used to go 1.B 【解析】 句意：＂更好的城市，更好的生活＂，上海世博会吸引了全世界许多的人。 attended 出席，参加；attracted 吸引；allowed 允许；advised 建议。attract sb.＂吸引某 人＂。故选 B。 2.A 【解析】句意：我要去看一场侦探片，请问你可以把你的自行车借给我吗？ lend 借， 指主语借出；give 给；borrow 借，指主语借入。你把车借出来给我，用 lend。故选 A。 3.D 【解析】句意：＂听！有人在房间里弹钢琴。一定是凯特。＂＂不，肯定不是她。 她去伦敦了。＂此题考查情态动词表示猜测，must 一定，can’t 肯定不是。根据句 意，故选 D。 4.C 【解析】句意：他每天给他的孩子穿衣服，因为他的妻子很忙。put on 穿上，表示动 作，后跟衣服等名词；wear 穿戴，表示状态；dress 穿，后跟人；is in 后面跟颜色， 表示穿着某种颜色的衣服。根据空后的 his baby 可知这里应选 C。 5.D 【解析】句意：这个男孩放好他的书，然后去吃饭。put on 吃饭，上演；put up 张贴， 搭建；put off 推迟；put away 放好，收好。根据句意可知选 D。 6.D 【解析】 句意：请你将电视调小一些好吗？你的弟弟正在做作业。turn down 调小；turn up 开大；turn on 打开；turn off 关上。题干中的 a little 是指小一些，故选 D。来 7.A 【解 析】句意：昨天有一场暴风雨，洪水冲走了小河上的古桥。washed away 冲走；went away 走开；blew away 吹走；put away 放到一边。根据语境可知应选 A。 8.A 【解析】根据句意可知歌听起来很美，我们中很多人都喜欢听。sound 听起来；feel 摸 起来；taste 尝起来；look 看起来。故选 A。 9.C 【解析】根据语境可知我认为它不是一个好办法。你能再想出一个吗？ come up 上升， 靠近，提及；come in 进来；come up with 想出，提出；come out 出现，出来。故选 C。 10.C 【解析】句意：他过去经常骑自行车去上学，但是现在他习惯于步行去上学。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事。故选 C。 关键词：食物 The Big Apple：来到美国，说到吃，肯定很多人的第一个反应是 The Big Apple，不过千万别误会，这可是你吃不了的苹果，它其实是 纽约市的＂昵称＂。如果你旅游的目的地是 The Big Apple，那我们 可要说 Congratulations(恭喜)了，那可是个美食之都。 Hero：首先，你该到饭店去点一份 hero。别担心，服务生不会 当你是＂吃英雄＂的疯子。Hero 是纽约人管大个儿意大利潜水艇三 明治的叫法。当然，如果你一下子吃了十个 Heroes，可能别人就会说话了：＂Look at that strange gal! She’s really out in left field!＂这里，out in left field 专门用来形容那些古怪或者是 莫名其妙的人。 Surf n’Turf：当然，美食并不只是在纽约才有，如果你有兴趣，不妨到＂天使之城＂洛 杉矶逛一圈，Surf n’Turf 就是一种在洛杉矶非常普及的美食，其中主食是海鲜及牛排，可能 会比较贵，但还有很多叫＂dives＂的便宜餐厅，你可以以合理的价格买到这种美食。 Taco Stand：Taco Stand 是另一种在洛杉矶及附近的加州城市都很常见的美食，tacos 来 自于拉丁美洲，但在美国加州也非常的流行。＂stand＂是一种街边小摊，你可以在那儿买 到一些速食。一般这要比 McDonalds(麦当劳)或是 Burger King(汉堡王)那样的速食连锁店要 便宜，但是食物要可口的多哦! Franks：在美国的街头，你经常会碰到一些 Street vendors(街头小贩)高嚷着＂Franks＂， 这时候你可千万别以为他们在寻找名叫 Frank 的人，Franks 在这里是＂热狗＂的意思。这些 小贩就正在 Selling Hot dogs(卖热狗)。 考点一、各种时态的构成 时 态 构 成 时 态 构 成 一般现在时 do / does am / is / are 一般过去时 did was / were 现在进行时 am / is / are + doing 过去进行时 was / were + doing 现在完成时 have / has + done 过去完成时 had + done 一般将来时 shall / will + do am / is / are going + to do 过去将来时 would + do was / were going + to do 【解读】 近年各地市对于中考常见的六种动词时态均有涉及，且侧重考查动词的一般过去时、现 在进行时和现在完成时。同时，在各地市的单项选择、完形填空、综合填空和词汇运用四种 题型中，选择题的时态考查，以根据题干中的语态或语境选择正确的时态为主；词汇题中则 需要学生根据句子的时态，正确填写动词的各种时态形式。 动词的时态历来是中考题中考查的重头戏之一。测试重点放在根据特定语言 环境区别使用一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时(过去时)与现 在(过去)进行时；特定的时间状语中时态的使用；结合所获得的语言知识确定正 确时态的能力等。综上所述，动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。因而考 生在复习备考中必须对本专题引起足够的重视。 在 2016 年中考，时态仍会是单项选择等题型中的必考点。 考点二、动词的被动语态 被动语态的构成：1.主语 +be +动词的过去分词；2.谓语动词主动形式表示被动意义。 【解读】 近年各地市中考对于动词的语态考查，主要涉及 5 类：一般现在时的被动语态、一般过 去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态、现在完成时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态， 且侧重于一般现在时的被动语态和一般过去时的被动语态的考查上。 动词时态的解题方法突破 1.根据时间状语确定时态 一些特定的时间状语往往标志着一些特定的时态，各地主要以考查这种传统的靠时间状 语提示时态的考查方式为主，因此学生必须得熟练掌握一些常见的时间状语。 2.根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态 有些试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词，但是上下句的动作存在着明显的时间顺序差 距，因此考生需仔细分析上下句的来判断本句所要选用的时态。 3.利用上下文语意和母语知识判断句子的时态 如果一个英语句子中既没有出现时间状语，也没有可供判断时态的上下文，那么就应当 把这个句子翻译成中文，利用我们的母语知识来判断这个句子该用何种时态。 4.在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态 主从复合句是初中英语语法的重点之一，不少同学对于复合句中的主句和从句的谓语动 词时态的一致性，总是感到不好理解。实际上，主从复合句中谓语动词时态的一致主要有以 下几种情况： 1 ＂主将从现＂原则。 如果主句是一般将来时，从句是由 when, after, before, not... until, as soon as 等引导的时 间状语从句以及由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句，谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时 间。 ②＂时态一致＂原则。 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词需 用相应的某种过去时态。 ③在主从复合句中，如果主句和从句的谓语动词表示的两个动作都发生在过去，而且有 明显的先后顺序，那么，延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时。通常在 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句中出现。 ④当主句谓语动词的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时，后面跟的 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，可根据具体情况，选用各种合适的时态。 ⑤在含有＂since 从句＂的主从复合句中，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 另外，在＂It’s+一段时间+since+从句＂句式中，since 后面的从句用一般过去时。 5.根据特定动词与时态的对应关系 在英语里有些动词与时态有着特定的对应关系，如 see(看见)，hear(听见)，find(找到) 等 词的用法与上下文的时态有对应的提示作用，如 see sb. do/doing sth.，hear sb. do/doing sth.。 6.根据时态中的＂特殊＂对策（如客观真理等） 当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或现在习惯行为时，其谓语动词的时态 不受主句谓语动词时态的限制，要用一般现在时。 被动语态的解题方法技巧 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.主动语态变为被动语态时，通常遵循以下三个步骤： ①首先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； ②再把主动语态的谓语动词改为与其时态相对应的被动形式，且与被动语态的主语保持 人称和数的一致； 2.带双宾语的主动句变被动句有两种变法： ①把指＂人＂的间接宾语变为主语，指＂物＂的直接宾语保留不变。 ②在主动句中，一些表示感官或使役意义的动词，如 hear，feel，notice，have，help 等 后面的宾语补足语是动词不定式，但在变为被动语态时，不定式符号 to 应补出。 3.表示＂发生＂的 happen 或 take place，无被动结构。 1.（2015·陕西）Many city people their bikes to work every day. A. ride B. will ride C. rode D. have ridden 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：许多市民每天骑自行车去上班。 ride 是动词的一般现在时态；will ride 是动词的将来时态； rode 是动词的一般过去时态；have ridden 是动词的现在完成时态。根 据时间 every day，可知描述的是通常的动作，所以用一般现在时，故选 A。 2.（2015·福建龙岩）—Have you ever been to Xiamen? —Yes. I_________ there in 2013. A. go B. went C. have gone 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：＂你去过厦门吗？＂＂是的，我 2013 年去的。＂当句子里有表示过去 的时间状语时，句子通常就是强调在这个过去时间里发生的过去动作，句子要用一般过去时 态。本句强调在 2013 年发生的过去动作去那儿，用一般过去时，故选 B。 3.（2015·福建厦门）—Look! Someone ____ the icebox back to the corner. — Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it. A. has moved B. is moving C. was moving 【参考答案】A[来源:Z*xx*k.Com] 【试题解析】句意：＂看，有人把冰箱移回到角落里了。＂＂哦，不是我，我没有干。＂ has moved 是现在完成时态，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；is moving 是现在 进行时态，表示现在正在进行的动作；was moving 是过去进行时态，指过去正在进行或发 生的动作。从句意，是看＂移了的结果＂，不是看＂移的动作＂，用现在完成时态。故选 A。 4. （2015·福建漳州）— Lots of trees and flowers ________ in Zhangzhou every year. — You're right. That makes our city more and more beautiful. A. are planted B. were planted C will be planted 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：＂每年漳州都种植大量的树木和花草。＂＂你说得对。这使得我们的城 市越来越漂亮。＂根据语境可知，这里指的是一个经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语是 动作的承受者，应用被动语态。结合选项可知应选 A。 5.（2015·贵州六盘水） If it__________, we will go hiking at Cool City Park. A. not rain B. don’t rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：如果天不下雨的话，我们将去凉爽城市公园远足。if 引导的条件状语从 句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时态；第三人称单数的一般现在时态的否定句，在动词 前加 doesn’t，同时把动词变为原形。故选 D。 6. (2015·甘肃兰州)I _______ with my parents when he rang me up yesterday afternoon. A. am shopping B. am shopping C. was shopping D. was shopping 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：昨天下午他给我打电话时，我正和父母一起买东西。一个过去动作发生 时，另一个过去动作正在发生，把正在发生的动作用过去进行时态。他给我打电话时，我 购物的动作正在发生，购物的动作用过去进行时态。故选 C。 7.（2015·江西南昌）You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It_____. A. doesn’t allow B. isn’t allowed C. hasn’t allowed D. wasn’t allowed 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：在这个地方里面你不能穿鞋。穿鞋是不被允许的。doesn’t allow 是主动 语态的一般现在时；isn’t allowed 是被动语态的一般现在时；hasn’t allowed 是主动语态的现 在完成时；wasn’t allowed 是被动语态的过去时态。根据句意可知 it 指穿鞋这件事，所以主 语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态，根据这是规矩，所以用一般现在时，故选 B。 8. （2015·陕西）Tourists’ bad behavior by the government in our country from now on. A. will record B. will be record C. records D. is recorded 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：从现在起，游客不文明的行为举止被我国政府记录在案。 will record 是主动语态的一般将来时态；will be record 是被动语态的一般将来时态；records 是主动语态 的一般现在时；is recorded 是被动语态的一般现在时。根据时间 from now on 可知用将来时 态，根据主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，故选 B。 9.(2015·山东临沂)Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age. A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：我们应该从小就开始教育年轻人照顾自己。结合语境可知本句主语是动 作对象，故用被动语态。故选 D。 10.（2015·浙江温州）—Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World, Steven? —Not yet. I ________ it with my cousin this evening. A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watched 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：＂你已经看过新电影 Jurassic World 吗，史蒂文？＂＂还没有，我将 和我的表弟今天晚上去看。＂will watch 是一般将来时态； was watching 是过去进行时； watched 是一般过去时；have watched 是现在完成时态。根据否定回答，可知还没有看这 个电影，所以今天晚上去看用将来时，故选 A。 1.（2016·上海奉贤区模考）By the end of last week, Maggie________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed 2．（2016·江苏启东中考模拟）— I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday. — Oh, how nice! Do you know when he________? A. left B. was leaving C. has left D. had left 3．（2016·湖北宜昌中考模拟）— Mario, I hear you bought a new car. —Yes. It ________ in Korea and I like it very much. A. produces B. is produced C. will produce D. will be produced 4．（2016·湖北鄂州名校模考）—Amy，can we give away these soft toys？We_____ them for many years． —Mom，but I want to keep the bear． A．bought B．had C．have bought D．have had 5．（2016·北京大兴区中考模拟）If you _______up late, you will feel tired the next day. A. will stay B. have stayed C. stay D. were staying 6．（2016·广西贵港名校模考）— Do you know anything about the 31st Olympic Games? —Yes. The Games ________ in Brazil in August this year. A. will be held B. will hold C. is holding D. was held 7．（2016·江西高安中考模拟）Many students__________ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big. A. don’t give B. aren’t given C. haven’t given D. won’t give 8．（2016·天津宝坻区中考考前模拟）—Have you finished your composition? —Not yet. I’ll finished it if I ten more minutes. A. give B.am given C. will give D. will be given 9.（2016·石家庄九年级考前模拟）You ______the first prize in the English speech contest. Congratulations! A. win B. won C. have won D. will win 10．（2016·郑州市中考模拟）The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 1．D 【解析】句意：到上周末为止， Maggie 已经在中国西部待了两个月帮助那些无家可 归的孩子们。根据句中时间状语 By the end of last week 是到上周末为止，即到过去时 间为止已经完成的动作，所以用过去完成时态，故选 D。 2．A 【解析】句意：＂我听说三木去青岛度假了。＂＂哦，太好了！你知道他是什么时候 出发的吗？＂根据语境可知，这里询问的是＂出发＂的动作什么时候完成，时态应用 一般过去时。结合选项可知应选 A。 3．B 【解析】句意：＂马里奥,我听说你买了一辆新车。＂＂是的。它是韩国生产的，我非 常喜欢它。＂根据上文 Mario, I hear you bought a new car.的理解和语境可知车以前制 造好了，用过去式。故选 B。 4．D 【解析】句意:＂Amy ,我们能把这些软玩具捐了吗？我们已经买了它们好多年了。＂＂ 妈妈，但是我想留着这个小熊。＂根据题干中的 for many years 及语境可知本空用现 在完成时，而且动词应用延续性动词。buy 的延续性动词为 have ,由此可知答案为 D。 5．C 【解析】句意：如果你熬夜，第二天你会感到很累。if 引导的条件状语从 句，主将从现，故选 C。 6．A 【解析】句意：＂你了解有关第三十一届奥运会的一些情况吗？＂＂是 的，运动会今年八月将在巴西举行。＂主语与谓语动词之间是被动的关 系，故用被动语态，时态是一般将来时态。答案为 A。 7．B 【解析】句意：在班上很多学生没有机会展示他们自己，因为班级规模 太大。当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态。结合句意，故选 B。 8．B 【解析】句意：＂你的作文写玩了吗？＂＂还没有，如果再给我十分钟我将完成它。＂ 该句是 if 引导的条件状语从句，因此主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，同时根据 句意可知需用一般现在时的被动语态，故选 B。 9．B 【解析】 win 意为＂赢＂，由下文 Congratulations＂祝贺你＂，推断出你在英语演讲 比赛中获得了第一名。表示过去刚刚发生事情。 10．A【解析】句意：在这所特殊的学校，没有父母的孩子受到老师很好的照顾。动作的承 受者作主语用被动语态。其结构是，主语+be +done。该句的主语是 child,是单数，故 选 A。 1．By the end of last week, Maggie________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed 2．—What are you doing, mum? —I ________ the house. A. clean B. cleans C.am cleaning D. is cleaning 3．— I phoned you last night. Why didn’t you answer？ — Sorry. I ______ TV at that time and didn’t hear it. A. am watching B. was watching C. watch D. watched 4．There ________ a basketball match in our school this Saturday afternoon. A. will have B. has C. is going to be D. are going to be 5．— Where is Simon? — He Beijing opera in the next room. A. is enjoying B. enjoys C. will enjoy D. enjoying 6.—I don’t know if he _______ today. —I think if he ________, he ________. A. will come；is free；will come B. comes；is free；will come C. will come；is free； comes D. comes；is free；comes 7．I am wondering if he can finish the task on time though he promised that his team _____ the first in this competition. A. will win B. would win C. won D. has won 8．Every day, too much water _______ in our school. We should save it. A. is wasted B. wastes C. was wasted D. wasted 9．A. new hospital _______ in my town next year. A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built 10．Ann __________to choose her own clothes. A．allow B．is allow C．allowed D．is allowed 1．D 【解析】句意：到上周末为止，Maggie 已经在中国西部待了两个月帮助那些无家可归 的孩子们。根据句中时间状语 By the end of last week 是到上周末为止，即到过去时间 为止已经完成的动作，所以用过去完成时态，故选 D。 2．C 【解析】句意：＂妈妈，你正在做什么？＂＂我正在打扫房间。＂根据句意及题干分 析此题应用现在进行时回答，主语是 I，故选 C。 3．B 【解析】句意：＂昨晚我打电话给你。你为什么不接？＂＂对不起。当时我在看电视 并没听到。＂根据 at that time and didn’t hear it 可知该用过去进行时，所以选 B。 4．C 【解析】句意：这个周六下午，在我们学校将有一场篮球赛。此题考查 there be 句型 的一般将来时。根据句意，故选 C。 5．A 【解析】句意：＂Simon 在哪？＂＂他正在隔壁房间里欣赏音乐。＂此题考查现在进 行时。根据句意，故选 A。 6．A 【解析】句意：＂我不知道今天他是否来。＂＂我认为如果他有空他会来的。＂if 如 果在宾语从句中，表示是否的意思，他的时态要根据自己本身来决定；而在 if 引导 的条件状语从句中，如果主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时，本题第一空 属于宾语从句，而后一句为条件状语从句，根据主将从现原则，从句中用一般现在时 态，主句用一般将来时态，故选 A。 7．B 【解析】句意：我想知道是否他能按时完成任务，尽管他承诺他的团队将在这次比赛 中赢得第一。根据 he promised 可知宾语从句用过去将来时。故选 B。 8．A 【解析】句意：每天我们学校大量的水被浪费，我们应该节约水。动作的承受者作主 语用被动语态。其结构是＂主语+be +done＂；该句中 every day 说明是一般现在时， 故用一般现在时的被动语态。 9．D 【解析】句意：明年我的家乡将要建设一座新医院。结合语境可知本句描述的是将要 进行的动作，故用一般将来时态。句子主语医院是建设的对象，故用被动语态，选 D。 10．D 【解析】 句意：安被允许选择穿自己的衣服。此题考查被动语态 be+动词过去分词。 根据句意，应选 D。 Who is the laziest Father: Well, Jack, I talked with your teacher today. And now I want to ask you a question . Who is the laziest person in your class ? Jack: I don’t know ,father. Father: Oh, think! When other boys and girls are reading and wirtting ,who sits quietly and only watch how other people work? Jack: Our teacher, father. 考点 用法 动词不定式（to do） ① 基本形式：to+动词原形 否定形式：not + to + 动词原形 ※ 有些情况下 to 要省略。 ② 句法功能：作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、 状语。 ③ 不定式和疑问词 what，which，when，where，how 连用， 相当于一个名词性从句。 动名词 ① 基本形式：动词原形 + -ing ② 句法功能：动名词主要起名词作用，在句中担任主语、 表语、宾语和定语。 动词不定式和动名词的区别 ① 有些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，又可跟动名词 作宾语，意义有所区别。 ② 有些动词后面只能跟动词不定式作宾语，有些则只能跟 动名词作宾语。 一、非谓语动词的考查内容主要有动词不定式和动词-ing 两种形式。动词不定式主要考查其作宾语、宾语补足语、目的 状语及＂疑问词＋不定式＂等的用法；动词-ing 形式主要考查 其作主语、表语、宾语、定语等用法。 二、分析近几年中考真题对非谓语动词的考查可以发现，动词不定 式是高频考点，动名词为轮考点。对动词不定式的考查主要在单项填空中考查其作目的 状语和固定搭配的用法。 非谓语动词解题七大原则 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。 原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing 或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结 果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之 外。 原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生， 则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing 的被动式。 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上 要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或 -ing 的完成式）。 原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚 未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过去 分词，表示动作被动、完成。 1. （2014·上海） Harry has decided ________ an online shop after graduating from school. A. open B. to open C. opened D. opening 【参考答案】B 【解析】句意：从学校毕业之后，哈利决定开一家网店。decide 后面一般接带 to 的动词 不定式作宾语，故选 B。 【巧学妙记】 后跟 to do 作宾语的动词（词组） (1)想要，拒绝，忘记 (want/would like, refuse, forget) (2)需要，努力，学习 (need, try, learn) (3)喜欢，同意，帮助 (like, agree, help) (4)希望，决定，开始 (hope/wish, decide, begin/start) 2.（2015·天津）My parents didn’t allow me ________ to the party. A. go B. to go C. goes D. went 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：我父母不允许我去参加聚会。allow sb. to do sth.＂允许某人去做某 事＂，故此处用动词不定式 to go。故选 B。 3.（2015·重庆）I will try my best to stop my son from ________ the same mistake. A. make B. made C. makes D. making 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】句意：我会尽我的最大努力去阻止我儿子犯同样的错误。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，为固定用法；make a mistake 犯错误，是固定短语。故选 D。 4.（2015·江苏扬州）—What should we take when going birdwatching? —We should take a pair of binoculars ________ the birds clearly. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. sees 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：—去看鸟应该带什么？—为了看得清楚，我们应该带一副望远镜。 带上望远镜的目的是看得清楚，用带 to 的不定式作目的状语。故选 C。 5.（2015·山东青岛）The traffic signs warn people ________ after drinking. A. to drive B. not to drive C. driving D. don’t drive 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：交通标志警示人们不要酒后驾车。warn sb. to do sth.警告某人干某事。 后跟带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语；warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要干某事。不定式的 否定形式是在 to 前加 not：not to do sth.。故选 B。 6.（2014·四川成都）Kate, remember ________ for the sick to cheer them up. A. to sing B. not to sing C. singing 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：凯特，记得给这些病人唱首歌来让他们高兴起来。remember 后面接 不定式表示记得去做某事，接动名词表示记得做过某事，结合语境可知选 A。 7. （ 2013·黑 龙 江） Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, you’d better try different ways you can think of words and expressions. A. remember B. to remember C. remembering 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：词汇对于英语学习来说非常重要。因此，你最好试试各种你能想到的 方法来记忆单词和表达方式。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示具体的、将要进行的动作， 结合语境可知选 B。 8.（2013·山东济宁）—I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? —I haven’t decided where ________. A. go B. went C. going D. to go 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查＂疑问词+不定式＂结构。句意：—我将去哈尔滨过暑假，你呢？—我 还没有决定去哪里。疑问词加动词不定式相当于一个宾语从句，此处 where to go 相当于 where I will go，故选 D。 9.（2015·云南曲靖）—What does your sister usually do on Saturday mornings? —She often practices English for half an hour． A.to speak B. speaks C. speaking D. speak 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：―你妹妹星期六的早晨通常做什么？―她经常练习读半小时的英语。 practice 后跟动名词作宾语，practice doing sth.＂练习做某 事＂。故选 C。 10.（2015·贵阳）—Alex，I think two hours of TV is enough for you. —Could I at least finish this show? A. watching B. to watch C. watch 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：—艾利克斯，我想对你来讲，两小时的电 视足够了。—我可以至少看完这个节目吗？finish 后跟动名词作宾语，finish doing sth.＂ 完成某事，做完某事＂。故选 A。 【巧学妙记】 巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词 喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest) 盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish) 想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice) 忍俊不禁(can’t help)还介意(mind) 1.（2016·山东宁津育新中学九年级模拟试卷）________ baseball game，you need to go to the Yankee Stadium. A. To watch B. After playing C. Before buying D. Looking at 2.（2016·云南曲靖市一中九年级检测）—Thanks a lot for going out of your way ________ me. —It’s my pleasure. A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help 3.（2016·江苏盐城东台第一教研片九年级下期检测）Why not ________ an English Club to practice ________? A. to join；speaking B. join；speaking C. join；to speak D. to join；to speak 4.（2016·河南郑州九年级二模）—Is Tom in the next room? —Well, it's hard to say. But I heard him ________ loudly when I passed by just now. A. speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking 5.（2016·云南腾冲第五中学九年级模考）I learn English by ________ aloud. A. read B. to read C. read to D. reading 6. I’m thirsty. Will you get me something ________? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eating 7. John asked David how ________ Christmas. A. celebrating B. celebrate C. to be celebrated D. to celebrate 8. （2016·江苏东台八校九年级检测）The tiger mom went out the bedroom, ________ her daughter crying sadly. A. left B. leaving C. leaves D. has left 9. （2016·辽宁大石桥水源镇九年级检测卷）My sister doesn’t often watch TV. She always enjoys ________ to music. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listens 10.（2016·辽宁重点中学初三阶段检测卷）Mrs. Li is looking forward to ________ her daughter. She studies in Australia now. A. see B. to see C. seeing D. sees 1.A 【解析】句意：为了看棒球，你需要去洋 基体育场。 动词不定式短语作目的状语。 2.D【解析】句意：—非常感谢你能专门来帮助我。 —这 是我的荣幸。根据句意及题干分析此空应用不定式 作目的状语，故选 D。 3.B 【解析】句意：为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部来练习口语呢?提建议句型＂为什么不做 某事＂(why not do sth.)；练习做某事(practice doing sth.)；故选 B。 4.D 【解析】答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。 5.B 【解析】句意：我通过大声阅读来学习英语。by doing sth.通过做某事，后加动名词。[来 源:学科网 ZXXK] 6.B 【解析】句意：我很渴，你能给我点喝的吗？此处不定式修饰 something 作后置定语。 7.D 【解析】句意：约翰询问戴维如何庆祝圣诞节。how to celebrate Christmas 相当于 how he celebrated Christmas，故选 D。 8.B 【解析】句意：虎妈从卧室里出来，留下她的女儿在那儿伤心地哭。此处是分词短语作 伴随状语。故答案为 B。 9.C 【解析】句意：我的妹妹不经常看电视。她总是喜欢听音乐。enjoy 后要跟动词的-ing 形式，故选 C。 10.C 【解析】句意：李夫人期待见到她在澳大利亚学习的女儿。look forward to 后面要接动 词-ing 形式，故选 C。 1. —My English is poor；would you mind ________ me? —Not at all. Let’s go and practice. A. teaching B. to teach C. teach D. teaches 2. Please don’t forget ________ the room while I am away in Beijing. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning 3. —Please remember ________ the light when you leave the room. —OK, I will. A. to turn off B. turning off C. to turn on D. turning on 4. Doctors tell people ________ their hands often and to stay home if they feel ill. A. to wash B. washes C. wash D. washing 5. —Shall we go shopping? —Sorry, I have lots of homework ________. A. do B. to do C. doing D. does 6. The fruit salad tastes delicious. Could you tell me ________？ A. where to do it B. when to do it C. what to do D. how to do it 7. My bag is old. Let’s go to that shop ________ a new one. A. to buy B. buy C. buying 8. The teacher told the boys ________ football in the street. It is dangerous. A.to not play B. not to play C. not playing D. not play 9. A mobile phone of this type costs too much. You’d better ________. A. wait B. waiting C. waited D. to wait 10. —What’s your plan for the summer holidays? —I’ve no idea, but I’ve decided ________ at home and have a good rest first. A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying 11. Since few years ago, all the supermarkets have ________ free plastic bags. A. to stop to provide B. to stop providing C. stopped to provide D. stopped providing 1.A 【解析】本题考查的是动名词作宾语的用法。mind 后要用动名词形式作宾语，即＂mind doing sth.＂意为＂介意做某事＂，故选择 A。 2.B 【解析】forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记了曾做过某事，此句想表 达 的是别忘了打扫房子，故用 to do 形式。 3.A 【解析】本题考查的是 remember 后接动名词和动词不定式的用法及动词短语辨析。 remember 后加动名词表示＂记得曾经做过的事＂，remember 后加不定式表示＂记得 要做 某事＂，依据题意＂当你离开房间时＂可以推断是＂记得关灯＂，故排除 C、D；又 因 为＂remember to do＂表示＂记得要做某事＂，故选择 A。 4.A 【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式。动词 tell 后接不定式作宾语补足语，即＂tell sb. to do sth.＂表示＂告诉某人做某事＂，故选择 A。 5.B 【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式作定语的用法。答语句意：对不起，我有很多作业要 做。＂，用动词不定式修饰 lots of homework 作后置定语，故选择 B。 6.D 【解析】本题考查的是＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的用法。依题意＂水果沙拉尝起来很好 吃＂ 可推断要问＂你能告诉我怎么做的吗?＂，对方式提问要用疑问词 how，故选择 D。 7.A 【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式作目的状语。句意：我的书包很旧了。咱们去那家商 店买一个新的吧。去商店的目的是买新书包，用动词不定式表达，故选择 A。 8.B 【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式的否定形式。句意： 老师告诉男生们不要在街上踢 足球。那样很危险。＂告诉某人不要做某事＂用＂tell sb. not to do sth.＂，故选择 B。 9.A 【解析】本题考查的是省去 to 的动词不定式。had better 后加不 带 to 的动词不定式，即 had better do sth.，表示＂某人最好做 某事＂，故选择 A。 10.B 【解析】decide to do sth.决定去做某事；decide 后要用 to do 形 式，即不定式形式，to do 不定式作 decide 的动词宾语。 11.D 【解析】本题考查动词 stop 后接动名词和动词不定式的用法。 stop doing sth.表示＂停止正在做的事＂，stop to do sth.表示 ＂停止手中的事去做另外一件事＂。依题意应选 D。 关于英语你不知道的 5 条趣味小知识 1. More people in China speak English than in the United States. 会说英语的中国人比会说英语的美国人还多。 2. WAS IT A CAR OR A CAT I SAW. This is the only English sentence which even if we read in reverse, it'll give the same sentence. ＂WAS IT A CAR OR A CAT I SAW＂（我看到的是一辆车还是一 只猫）这是英语中唯一一句反过来念还是一样的句子。 3. ＂Goodbye＂came from＂God bye＂which came from＂God be with you.＂ 英语单词＂Goodbye＂来自于＂God bye＂，原意是＂上帝与你同在＂。 4. The sentence＂The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.＂uses every letter of the alphabet! ＂The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.＂（这只敏捷的棕色狐狸跳过了一只懒狗）这 句话用到了字母表中的所有字母！ 5. ＂Go.＂ is the shortest complete sentence in the English language. ＂Go.＂是英语中最短的完整句子。 简 单 句 感叹句：What +（a/an）+ adj. + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How + adj./adv. + 主语 + 谓语！ 并 列 句 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成，它们同等重要且没有从属关系。 ① 表示顺承关系的并列连词有 and，not only...but (also)等。 ② 表示选择关系的并列连词有 or，either…or…等。 ③ 表示转折关系的并列连词有 but，yet，however 等。 ④ 表示因果关系的并列连词有 so。 ※ 中考对并列句的考查主要集中在其连接词上，考生在备战 2016 中考时要注意这些并列连词的 用法。 复 合 句 宾 语 从 句 ① 引导词：that（可省略），if，whether，who，whose，what 等。 ② 语序：宾语从句都要使用陈述语序。 ③ 时态：a. 主句若是现在时，从句可根据实际需要用各种时态； b. 主句若是过去时，从句也应该用过去时； c. 从句叙述的是客观事实、格言等时，用一般现在时。 ④ 当主句的主语为 I 或 we，谓语动词为 think，believe，suppose 等时，否定应前移。 ※ 宾语从句是中考的必考点，备战 2016 中考时考生必须牢固掌握其引导词、语序及时态的 用法。 定 语 从 句 ① 定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词； ② 常见的关系代词包括 that，which，who（宾格 whom，所有格 whose）等，关系副词有 where，when，why 等； ③ 关系代词和关系副词起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 ※ 备战 2016 中考时考生尤其要注意定语从句关系代词和关系副词的用法区别，中考一般从 此方面设题。 状 语 从 句 ① 时间状语从句（常用的引导词有 when / while / before / after / until(till) / since 等）； ② 条件状语从句（常用的引导词有 if / unless 等）； ③ 原因状语从句（常用的引导词有 because / as / since 等）； ④ 结果状语从句（常用的引导词有 so…that… / such…that…，so 后接形容词或副词；such 后接名词）； ⑤ 目的状语从句（常用的引导词有 so that / in order that 等）； ⑥ 让步状语从句（常用的引导词有 though / although / even if / even though 等，though 或 although 引导让步状语从句，不能与 but 连用） ⑦ 比较状语从句（常用的引导词有 than，as…as…，not as…as…等）。 ※ 备战 2016 中考时考生必须把每一种用法都记住并灵活运用。尤其要注意状语 从句的时态及引导词。 特 殊 句 式 倒 装 句 ① So does / is he 与 So he does / is：上文提到某人做了某事或处于某种状态（肯 定句），这时要表达另一个人也这样，要用 So does/is he；若只是表达对第一句内容的强 调，则要用 so he does/is，so=indeed，表示＂确实，的确＂。 ② Neither / Nor does/is he 与 Neither / Nor he does / is：上文提到某人没有做某事 或处于某种状态（否定句），这时要表达另一个人也没有，要用 Neither / Nor does/is he； 若只是表达对第一句内容的强调，则要用 Neither / Nor he does / is。 ※ 倒装句虽然不是每年必考，但也常有涉及，考生在备考时主要注意以上这两 种的用法即可。 祈 使 句 祈使句没有主语，常表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。 ① 肯定形式：a. 行为动词原形＋其他成分； b. Be 动词＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）； c. Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分。 ② 否定形式：a. Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其他成分； b. Don’t be＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）； c. Let 开头的祈使句，可在 Let 前加 Don’t，也可在 Let 后宾格的 名词或代词后面加 not；Let’s 开头的祈使句，必须在 Let’s 后加not。 ※ 备战 2016 中考时考生要注意祈使句的肯定及否定形式，尤其要注意 Let 开头 的祈使句的否定表达。 1. （2015·锦州）________ excellent news reporter he is. All of us are proud of him. A. What B. What an C. How D. What a 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查感叹句。此处是感叹名词，应用 what，可先排除 C；reporter 为 可数名词单数，其前应用不定冠词修饰，可排除 A；又因 excellent 以元音音素开头， 故选 B。 2. （2015·广东）—So far，Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds. —________ he runs! 感叹句记忆口诀 感叹句，并不难，what 与 how 应在前。 形容词、副词跟着 how，what 后面名词 连。 名词若是可数单，前带冠词 a 或 an。 A. How slow B. How fast C. What a slow D. What a fast 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查感叹句。结合语境可知，苏炳添是目前为止唯一一个在不到 10 秒 的时间里完成百米赛跑的中国人。由此可知，他跑得很快，可先排除 A 和 C；感叹副词 fast 要用 how，故选 B。 3.（2015·安徽）Going to the movies is good，________ I really only like listening to music. A. and B. but C. so D. or 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查并列连词。句意：去看电影很好，但是我真的只喜欢听音乐。空处 前后是转折关系，故选 but。 4.（2015·杭州）Franklin told them all ________ to be in Britain again. A. how happy was he B. how happy he was C. how was he happy D. how he happy was 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查宾语从句和感叹句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述语序，再结合感叹 句的结构可知选 B。 5.（2015·南充）We don’t know when ________ next week. Please call me when he arrives. A. will he arrive B. does he arrive C. he will arrive D. he arrives 【参考答案】C 关系代语用法口诀 关系词，引定从，它们用法要分清。 that 可以作主、宾，指人指物都能行。 which 用来指代物，主语宾语都可充。 who 和 whom 来指人，作主作宾各不同。 whose 一词作用大，表人表物都能用。 【试题解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述语序，先排除 A 和 C；再结 合 next week 可知，宾语从句要用一般将来时，故选 C。 6.（2015·杭州）The woman ________ is the most important in my life is my mother. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是 The woman，指人，且关系代 词在定语从句中作主语，故 who 符合题意。 宾语从句记忆口诀 学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 that 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表“是否”时，if/whether 要谨记。 特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。 状语从句的时态记忆口诀 主将从现，主祈从现， 主情从现，主过从过。 （主指主句，从指从句。将指 一般将来时，现指一般现在时， 过指一般过去时。祈指祈使句， 情指情态动词。） 7.（2014·枣庄）He is unlikely to find the school ________ he taught 50 years ago. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查定语从句关系词的用法。句意：他不可能找到他五十年前教学的那所学 校。the school 是先行词，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，要用 where，故选 A。 8.（2014·滨州）—Do you know if he will come tomorrow ? —No. But if he ________, I’ll call you to have a meal together. A. will come B. won’t come C. comes D. doesn’t come 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】本题考查状语从句的时态。句意：—你知道他明天是否会来吗？—我也不 知道。如果他来了的话，我会打电话叫你一起吃饭的。if 引导的时间状语从句，遵循主 将从现的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在表示将来时。故选 C。 9.（2015·恩施）—I don’t understand the story in the new unit. What about you，Bob? —________. A. Neither I do B. Neither do I C. So do I 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】本题考查倒装句的用法。上句中提到了＂我不理解新单元里的这个故事＂， 答语表示＂我也不理解＂，三个选项中只有＂Neither do I＂符合题意。 10.（2015·陕西）________ on the grass，or it will＂cry＂. A. To walk B. Not to walk C. Walk D. Don’t walk 【参考答案】D[来源:学科网] 【试题解析】本题考查祈使句的用法。句意：别踩草地，否则它会哭泣。由句意可知此 处应用否定祈使句，又因 walk 是行为动词，因此要用 Don’t 开头，故选 D。 1.（2016·辽宁营口九年级中考模拟）—________ fine day! Shall we go for a walk? —That sounds great! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 2.（2015—2016 学年·福建长汀四中八年级上期末）—________ exciting the movie is! —Sure, we all like it very much. A. What B. What an C. How 3.（2015·江苏苏州相城区毕业模拟）Everyone tells me I’m a good speaker, ________ I really don’t like speaking in public. A. and B. but C. so D. or 4.（2016·辽宁营口九年级中考模拟）—Could you tell me ________? —He rides his bike. A. how does he go to work B. how he goes to work C. what does he do D. where he goes 祈使句记忆顺口溜 祈使句，祈使句， 请求、命令或建议。 主语是 you 常省去， 动词原形开头住。 否定形式要注意， 句首要把 Don’t 加。 要讲客气用 please， 句首句末没关系。 5.（2016·江苏无锡江阴九年级上期末）—What did your teacher say to you just now? —He asked me ________. A. how could I deal with it B. when did I go to the library C. why I am late for school today D. if I would take part in the next sports meeting 6.（2016·江苏扬州江都邵樊片九年级月考）The English-Chinese dictionary ________ I bought many years ago is still of great value. A. whose B. when C. who D. that 7.（2016·上海嘉定九年级期末）This is the hotel ________ last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 8.（2016·山东东营广饶乐安中学九年级期中）—The air pollution is terrible. —It will be worse ________ we take action to protect the environment. A. if B. unless C. until D. when 9.（2016·江苏无锡阳山中学月考）—She stayed up late last night. She can hardly do more work now. —________. I’ m too tired. A. So can I B. So I can C. Neither can I D. Neither I can 10.（2016·江苏扬州竹西中学七年级期末）—Millie, ________ late for school again. —Sorry, I won’t. A. isn’t B. doesn’t be C. don’t be D. won’t be 1. C 【解析】考查感叹句。句意：—多好的天气啊！我们 去散步怎么样？—听起来很好。感叹句用 what 和 how 引 导，what 修饰名词，当名词是可数名词单数时，其前要加 定冠词 a，故选 C。 2. C 【解析】考查感叹句。句意：—这部电影是多么的精 彩呀！—当然。我们都非常喜欢。how 修饰形容词、副词，根据题意可知选 C。 3. B 【解析】考查并列连词。句意：每个人都告诉我我演讲得很好，但是我真的不喜欢在 公共场合演讲。and 表示承接；but 表示转折；so 表示结果；or 或者，否则。根据题意可知 选 B。 4. B 【解析】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：—你能告诉我他是怎样去上班的吗？—他骑自 行车去上班。宾语从句应用陈述句语序，且此处表示方式，应用 how。故选 B。 5. D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：—刚才老师对你说了什么？—他问我是否参加下一届 运动会。宾语从句要用陈述语序；又因主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用过去时态， 所以选 D。 6. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我很多年前买的那本英汉词典仍然很有价值。whose 谁的；when 何时；who 谁；that 那。先行词 dictionary 表示物，且在定语从句中作宾 语，可以用关系代词 that 代替，所以选 D。 7. D 【解析】where 是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 8. B 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：—空气污染太糟糕了。—如果我们不采取行动保护环 境会更糟糕。if 如果；unless 除非；until 直到……才；when 当……的时候。故选 B。 9. C 【解析】考查倒装句。句意：—昨天晚上她熬夜了。现在她几乎不能做更多的工作了。 —我也不能，我太累了。由 hardly 可知前一句是否定句，排除 A、B；C 表示主语和 上文的情况一样；D 是对前一句内容的强调，不符合语境，排除。故选 C。 10. C 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：—Millie，不要再上学迟到了。—对不起，我不会的。 根据句意可知应选 C。 1. ________ exciting experience we had in Hong Kong Disneyland ! A. What an B. What C. How D. How an 2. ________ delicious your supper is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 3. It was raining heavily, ________ we decided to stay at home and watch TV. A. but B. or C. because D. so 4. I’d like to know ________. A. when will he graduate from university B. whether he will receive higher education C. that he has been studying for 20 years D. what subject is he good at 5. No one knows ________ in the future. A. what will be happen B. what it will happen C. what will it happen D. what will happen 6. The first thing ________ I should do is to work out a study plan for the next term. A. which B. that C. what D. if 7. Is this the factory ________ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. which C. where D. the one 8. —Helen，do you know if Martin ________ to my party next week? —I think he will come if he ________ free. A. will come；will be B. will come；is C. come；is D. comes；will be 9. —It’s very hot，but quite wet today. —________. A. So it is B. It is so C. So is it 10. Please ________ these things to your brother. He is at school. A. bring B. to take C. take 1. A 【解析】考查感叹句的用法。句意：在香港迪 士尼我们有一次激动人心的经历。根据可知， experience 在此表示＂经历＂，是可数名词且 为单数，所以要用 What an 开头，故选 A。 2.A 【解析】考查感叹句。句意：你的晚餐太好吃了！此处 感叹形容词 delicious 要用 How，所以选 A。 3.D 【解析】考查并列句的连词。句意：因为雨下得很大，所以我们决定待在家里看电视。 but 但是；or 或者；because 因为；so 所以。由句意可知要用 so 来引导结果状语从句。 故选 D。 4. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道他是否会接受高等教育。宾语从句要用陈述 语序，排除 A、D；由句意可知此处表示＂是否＂，应该用 if/weather 来引导。故选 B。 5. D 【解析】考查宾语从句的时态和语序。句意：没有人知道将来会发生什么。宾语从句 要用陈述语序；又由 in the future 可知要用一般将来时。所以选 B。 6. B 【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：我应该做的第一件事情就是制订出下个学期的 学习计划。先行词本身是 all，everything，something，nothing，anything 等不定代词 时、先行词有序数词或形容词的最高级或 the last，the only 等修饰时、先行词既有人 又有物时，连接词只用 that 而不用 which。 7. C 【解析】先行词＂the factory＂在句中充当地点状语，即＂he worked in the factory ten years ago＂，所以关系词选 where。 8. B 【解析】考查状语从句的时态。句意：—海伦，你知道马丁下周是否会来参加我的聚 会吗？—我想如果他有空的话会来的。根据语境，前一个 if 引导的是宾语从句，因 为谈论的是下周的事情，应用一般将来时；第二个 if 引导的是条件状语从句，主句 用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表示将来。故选 B。 9. A 【解析】考查倒装。句意：—今天很热但是很潮湿。—的确是。so it is 表示对上文内容 的强调，so is it 表示＂它也是如此＂。根据句意可知应选 A。 10. C 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：请把这些东西带给你的弟弟，他在学校。take…to 表示 由近到远，bring…to 表示由远到近；又因这是一个祈使句，要以动词原形开头。故 选 C。 [来源:学,科,网 Z,X,X,K] 题型综述 题型特点 完形填空是英语考试中一项重要的考查内容。 完形填空也是一种综合能力测试题，是对学生 语法、词汇、句型、阅读能力、理解能力和逻 辑推理能力的一种多方位的检测。 按照考试大纲要求，通常在一篇 200 词左右的 难度适中的文章中留出 10 个空白，要求学生 从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个 最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。 1.以考查考生对短文理解的题型增多。 2.考查动词、形容词和副词用法与辨析的比例在逐渐加 大。 3.对连词的考查也在增加，主要考查考生对行文逻辑的掌 握及文句之间关联词的理解。 4.对时态和冠词的用法的考查逐年减少。 5.考查范围广，涉及英语知识的方方面面，如：历史、地 理、人文、日常生活常识、公理认知和科技知识、民俗 等知识。设计题材也是多种多样：记述、故事、说明及 人物传记。 综观各地往年中考真题，记叙文居多，而且近年中考中记叙文所占比例超过 50%，预 测 2016 年中考完形填空也会以记叙文为主，侧重考查实词和对上下文语境、逻辑的理解。 一、解题步骤 二、解题方法 1. 根据词语的习惯搭配来确定正确答案。 2. 通过语法分析来选择正确答案。若选项是名词，应根据上下文确定该名词 的单复数以及是否用所有格等；若选项是动词，应考虑其时态、语态、搭配及非谓语形 式等。 3. 根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学知识和平时积累的生活常识等，选出最 符合情景的选项。 4. 有时对于一些难选的空，可以试着将各个选项逐一代入空白处，然后进行 综合比较，从而选出最恰当的答案。 三、满分技巧 1. 了解记叙文的 。 记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事件、经过和结果， 即记叙文的＂六要素＂。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。 2. 明确作者的 。 就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明一个道理。作者总是为 了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓 住文章的主题。 3. 读懂作者的 或 。 解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。为了增加试题难 度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行准确地逻辑推 断，才能推测出文字之下的深层信息。 4. 弄清作者叙述的 。 弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第 一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从＂参与者＂的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间 感受到作者的态度和感情。用第三人称就是以＂观察者＂的身份展开叙述，作者的语气 客观，与读者保持一定距离，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作 角度有助于我们抓住作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。 典例一 (2015·河南) I was flying to New York at night. Suddenly, a storm broke and the plane began to be tossed(颠簸)around. When I looked 36 the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid. The future seemed terrible and many were 37 if they would make it through the storm. Then, I 38 saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 39 to her. She sat on her seat reading a book. Sometimes she closed her eyes, then she would read again, with no 40 or fear in her eyes. When the other passengers were scared(惊恐的) half to death, that child was completely calm and 41 . I couldn’t believe my eyes. When the plane finally reach ed New York, I was not surprised to 42 that all the passengers were hurryin g to come out. I stopped and spoke to the girl whom I had 43 for such a long time. I asked 44 she had not been afraid. The child replied, ＂My daddy is the 45 , and he is taking me home.＂ 36. A. at B. around C. up D. into 37. A. wondering B. expecting C. dreaming D. realizing 38. A. probably B. luckily C. suddenly D. certainly 39. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 40. A. pride B. worry C. anger D. regret 41. A. unafraid B. nervous C. active D. tired 42. A. say B. hear C. find D. think 43. A. known B. watched C. helped D. protected 44. A. whether B. how C. when D. why 45. A. guard B. driver C. pilot D. traveller 【文章大意】飞机在飞往纽约的途中，天突然下起了暴雨，飞机开始颠簸起来。几乎所 有的乘客都很担心和害怕，未来似乎很糟糕，很多人都想知道他们是否能安全度过暴风雨。 但有一个小女孩坐在她的座位上看书，没有任何担心或恐惧。 36.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】联系下句＂I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid＂ 可知此处是说环 顾四周，look around 环顾四周。选 B。 37.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：未来似乎很糟糕，很多人都想知道他们是否能安全度过暴风雨。 wondering 想知道。 38.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：然后，我突然看见一个小女孩。suddenly 突然。根据句意可知该选 C。 39.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】联系下句＂She sat on her seat reading a book.＂＂When the other passengers were scared(惊恐的) half to death, that child was completely calm and 41 .＂可知似乎 暴风雨对她没什么。选 D。 40.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】根据第 36 空所在句中的＂…were worried and afraid＂可知用 worry(担心)。 41.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】根据并列成分 calm 可知该选 A。unafraid 不害怕的。 42.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：当飞机到达纽约的时候，我发现乘客都是匆匆忙忙地走出来的，我 对此并不感到惊讶。find 发现。 43.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：我停下来和观察了好长时间的那个女孩说话。watched 观看，观察。 44.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】根据答语可知这里是在问她为什么不害怕，why 为什么。所以选 D。 45.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】句意：我的爸爸是飞机的驾驶员，他会带我回家的。pilot 飞行员，驾驶员。 典例二 (2015·山东淄博) Mr. Smith gave his wife 10 pounds for her birthday — ten pretty new pound notes. The day after her birthday, Mrs. Smith went 11 . She waited for a bus, got on it and sat down next to an old 12 . After a while, she noticed that the old lady’s handbag was open. Inside it, she 13 a roll of pound notes exactly like the ones her husband had given her. She 14 looked into her own bag — the notes were gone! Mrs. Smith was 15 that the old lady had stolen them. She thought she should call the police. But she disliked getting other people into 16 , so she decided to take back the money from the old lady’s handbag and say 17 more about it. She 18 the bus to make sure nobody was watching. Then she carefully put her hand into the old lady’s 19 , took the notes, and put them in her own bag. When she got home that evening, she showed her husband the beautiful hat she had bought. ＂ 20 did you pay for it?＂ he asked. ＂With the money you gave me for my birthday, of course.＂ she replied. ＂Oh? What’s that, then?＂ he asked, as he pointed to a roll of ten pound notes on the table. 11. A. swimming B. shopping C. fishing D. hiking 12. A. man B. farmer C. lady D. friend 13. A. saw B. took C. stole D. put 14. A. successfully B. safely C. hardly D. quickly 15. A. sure B. happy C. proud D. patient 16. A. danger B. safety C. trouble D. anger 17. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 18. A. looked upon B. looked at C. looked for D. looked around 19. A. hand B. bag C. pocket D. clothes 20. A. How B. Where C. What D. When 【短文大意】史密斯先生给妻子一叠 10 英镑新钞作为生日礼物。第二天，史密斯夫人 上了公交车去购物，在车上，她发现旁边的老妇人的手提包里面的一叠钞票和她的是一样的， 而她包里的钱不见了。她认为这位老人偷了她的钱，就轻轻地把手伸进老妇人的包里，拿回 了那叠钞票。晚上回家，她给丈夫看她买的新帽子，丈夫问她怎么付的钱时，她才发现丈夫 给她的钱还在桌子上。 11.【参考答案】B 【试题分析】从下文可知，她买了顶新帽子，因此她是去购物。shopping 购物。故选 B。 12.【参考答案】C 【试题分析】 根据下文可知旁边是位老妇人，当然是位女士。lady 女士。故选 C。 13.【参考答案】A 【试题分析】句意：她看到一叠像丈夫给她的钱一样的钱在里面。saw 看见。 14.【参考答案】D 【试题分析】句意：她立即看自己的包——钱不见了！一模一样的钱出现在别人的包里， 根据常识肯定会马上看自己的包。quickly 快速地，马上。故选 D。 15.【参考答案】A 【试题分析】史密斯夫人发现自己包里的钱不见了，而同样的钱出现在老人的包里，因 此她确信那是她的钱，即老人偷了她的钱。sure 当然，确信。 16.【参考答案】C 【试题分析】从语境可知她只想悄悄地把钱拿回来，不想给任何人添麻烦。trouble 麻烦， 麻烦事。 17.【参考答案】C 【试题分析】她什么也不想说，只想悄悄地把钱拿回来。nothing 什么也没有，表示否定 含义。 18.【参考答案】D 【试题分析】句意：她环顾四周，确定没有人在看。怕被人看见，她自然是要先环顾四周， 四下看看，故用 looked around。 19.【参考答案】B 【试题分析】根据上下文知道她是想把老妇人包里的钱拿回来，bag 包。故选 B。 20.【参考答案】A 【试题分析】丈夫知道妻子没有带钱出门，看到她买的新帽子时要问她怎 样付的钱。How 怎样，表示方式。故选 A。 A(2016·四川雅安中学九年级 10 月月考) A young woman in her twenties was sitting on the train, next to her mother. They both looked tired but excited. The young woman was looking 1 from the train’s window. Suddenly, she shouted,＂Mom, look, the trees are 2 us!＂ Her voice was so loud that everybody on the train heard. Mom smiled. But a young couple 3 nearby looked at the young woman’s childish behavior( 行 为 ) with pity. ＂ Poor young woman! There must be something wrong with her 4 .＂ th ey thought. A while later, the young woman 5 again,＂Mom, look! The clouds are running with us!＂ Mom smiled again. And she seemed very happy with the young woman’s words. 6 , the couple couldn’t help asking the old woman, ＂ Sorry if we offend( 冒 犯 ) you. But 7 don’t you take your daughter to a good doctor?＂ The old woman smiled and said,＂We have just come from a 8 .＂＂Then you should go to a better one. Because it seems that your daughter’s situation hasn’t 9 ,＂said one of them. They felt so bad for the old woman. ＂No, 10 , I’m very happy with the treatment(治疗),＂ said the mother, ＂My daughter was blind from birth. Today, she is seeing the world for the first time.＂ Every person has a story. Don’t judge people before you truly k now them. The truth might surprise you. 1. A. at B. up C. down D. out[ 2. A. under B. before C. behind D. beside 3. A. sitting B. working C. playing D. walking 4. A. voice B. mouth C. mind D. eyes 5. A. called B. shouted C. cried D. spoke 6. A. Finally B. Exactly C. Nearly D. Possibly 7. A. how B. where C. when D. why 8. A. school B. hospital C. park D. station 9. A. started B. gone C. improved D. refused 10. A. in fact B. at least C. by the way D. at first B(2016·重庆江津中学校九年级下期第一阶段考试) A group of adults, highly succeeded in their jobs, went to visit their old professor. Soon they began to complain(抱怨) about the stress and problems in work and life. 1 professor went to the kitchen and returned 2 a pot of coffee and all kinds of cups—crystal, glass, plastic; some nice looking, some plain looking. And the students noticed that some were expensive, some cheap. And he told them to help 3 to the coffee. When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, ＂I’ve noticed that all the nice looking expensive cups were 4 up, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. Although 5 is normal for you to take only the best for yourselves, that is the root of your problems and stress. You know that the cup itself adds no quality to the coffee. And 6 you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, 7 you all went for the best cups.＂ Now think about this: Life is the coffee, the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools to hold and contain life, and the type of cup does not change the quality of our life. Sometimes, by paying 8 only to the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee that God has 9 us. God gave us the coffee, not the cups. Please enjoy your coffee! The 10 people don’t have the best of everything. They just make the best of everything. Live simply. Love sincerely. Care deeply. Speak kindly. And leave the rest to God. 1. A. A B. An C. / D. The 2. A. for B. with C. in D. at 3. A. them B. themselves C. yourself D. everyone 4. A. mixed B. left C. taken D. accepted 5. A. this B. that C. there D. it 6. A. who B. how C. what D. that 7. A. and B. but C. so D. however 8. A. money B. attention C. advantage D. record 9. A. taught B. provided C. returned D. bought 10. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. happily A 【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是火车上有一对母女，女儿已经二十多岁了，但是 她对所见到的事物感到很惊奇，总是大声喊出来。一对夫妇以为她的脑子有问题，其 实这个女儿生下来就看不见，这是她第一次看到这个世界，所以才会感到吃惊，这对 夫妇为自己的武断感到惭愧。 1. D 【解析】根据上下文可知这个年轻的女人在向外看。look out 向外看。 2. C 【解析】根据语境她们坐在火车上，火车向前走，树自然是向后，故选 C。behind 在…… 后面。 3. A 【解析】根据语境和常识可知，在火车上，这对夫妇坐在这对母女旁边。sitting 坐。 4. C 【解析】这对夫妇通过年轻女子的表现判断她的脑子有问题。mind 大脑，头脑。 5. B 【解析】句意：过了一会儿，这个年轻女子又大喊起来。shouted 喊，叫。 6. A 【解析】句意：最后，这对夫妇忍不住问这个老太太。Finally 最后。 7. D 【解析】 根据语境可知是问老太太＂为什么＂不带女儿去看一个好点的医生。why 为 什么。 8. B 【解析】根据上下文可知她们刚从医院回来。hospital 医院。 9. C 【解析】这对夫妇认为这个女子虽然去了医院，但是情况并没有得到改善。improved 改善。 10.A 【解析】 句意：不，事实上我对治疗非常满意。女儿能看到东西了，老太太当然很满 意。in fact 事实上。 B 【文章大意】一群已经很成功的年轻人在看望老教授的时候谈论起生活，教授以喝咖啡 选杯子的行动来解释对生活的认识。短文最后总结出最快乐的人并不拥有最好的一切，他们 只是充分利用一切。 1. D 【解析】这里特指上文提到的 old professor，应该用定冠词，所以选 D。 2. B 【解析】根据语境可知教授带着一壶咖啡，所以用介词 with 表示随身携带。 3. B 【解析】教授拿来各种杯子——有好看的，有看着普通的；有看起来贵的，有看起来 便宜的。教授让他们自便喝咖啡。help oneself 随意/自便，他们的反身代词是 themselves，所以选 B。 4. C 【解析】句意：所有好看的杯子都被占了，只剩下看着普通的和便宜的杯子。taken up 拿起，占据。 5. D 【解析】句型＂it is+adj.(+for sb.) to do sth.＂(某人)做某事……，it 为形式主语，不定式 为真正的主语。 6. C 【解析】这里指想要的东西，因此用 what 引导主语从句，同时 what 作从句中 wanted 的宾语，表示＂什么＂，所以选 C。 7. B 【解析】两句之间是转折关系，因此用连词 but，所以选 B。 8. B 【解析】句意：有的时候我们只注意到杯子。pay attention to 注意，是固定短语，所以 选 B。 9. B 【解析】上帝给我们提供咖啡，我们却没有享受上帝提供给我们的咖啡。provided 提供。 10. C【解析】句意：最快乐的人并非拥有最好的一切。联系后面的 best 可知该选 C。happiest 最快乐的。 A An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his 1 all the time, watering and fertilizing(施肥) them. One day a young man went by the 2 . He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place. Then, suddenly he found the old gardener was 3 . He was very surprised about this and asked, ＂You can’t see these flowers. Why are you busy taking care of them every day?＂ The old man smiled and said,＂ I can tell you four 4 . First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. 5 , although I can’t see these flowers, I can touch them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that’s 6 .＂ ＂Me? But you don’t know me,＂ said the young man. ＂Yeah, it’s 7 that I don’t know you. But I know that flowers are angels that everybody knows. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.＂ The blind man’s work opened our eyes and 8 our hearts, which also made his life happier. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life and wrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldn’t 9 his wonderful music, but his music has 10 millions of people to face their difficulties bravely. Isn’t it one kind of happiness? 1. A. flowers B. trees C. vegetables D. grass 2. A. study B. garden C. kitchen D. balcony 3. A. blind B. famous C. smart D. friendly 4. A. stories B. conclusions C. excuses D. reasons 5. A. And B. But C. Second D. Third 6. A. me B. you C. my mother D. my son 7. A. true B. hard C. cool D. f air 8. A. broke B. hurt C. pleased D. treated 9. A. write B. hear C. play D. believe 10. A. changed B. discovered C. encouraged D. made B I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop. As we enjoyed our coffee, a man entered and sat down beside us. He called the waiter and ordered, ＂Two cups of coffee， 1 of them there on the wall. ＂We heard this with great 2 and saw that he was served with one cup of coffee but he paid for two. As soon as he left, the waiter 3 put a piece of paper on the wall saying ＂ A Cup of Coffee＂. While we were still there, two other men had two cups of coffee but paid for three. 4 , the waiter did the same thing. It seemed that this was usual at this place. However, it was something strange for us. Since we had nothing to do with the 5 , we finished our coffee, paid and left. After a few days, we again had a 6 to go to this coffee shop. While we were enjoying our coffee, a man entered. The way this man was dressed did not match the 7 of this coffee shop. As he seated himself, he looked at the wall and said, ＂One cup of coffee from the wall. ＂ The waiter served coffee to this man with the same 8 . The man had his coffee and left without paying. The waiter took off a piece of paper from the 9 and threw it in the dust bin. Now there was no 10 for us. The great kindness for the people in need shown by the people of this town filled up our eyes with tears. 1. A. both B. neither C. one D. none 2. A. joy B. interest C. effort D. fear 3. A. quickly B. suddenly C. wisely D. properly 4. A. Instead B. Again C. Indeed D. Anyway 5. A. shop B. waiter C. matter D. men 6. A. hurry B. time C. wish D. chance 7. A. style B. standard C. furniture D. color 8. A. respect B. courage C. result D. custom 9. A. board B. table C. bill D. wall 10. A. choice B. clue C. doubt D. hope A 【文章大意】该短文主要描述了一位盲人花匠自己不能看见美丽的花朵，但是精心管理 着花园。这位老人的话让作者明白了每个人都可以在平凡的生活中找到自己的幸福。 1. A 【解析】联系后面的 beautiful flowers 可知此处指的是他一直照 顾 他的花。flowers 花。 2. B 【解析】联系后一句的描述可知这个年轻人经过了花园，所以 选 B。garden 花园。 3. A【解析】根据＂You can’t see these flowers.＂可知这个老园丁是盲人，blind 瞎的。 4. D【解析】联系下文描述可知此处指的是我可以告诉你四个原因。reasons 原因。所以选 D。 5. C【解析】联系上下文可知此处指的是第二个原因，所以选 C。Second 第二。 6. B【解析】联系下文＂Me? But you don’t know me,＂可知最后一个原因就是你。you 你， 你们。 7. A【解析】句意：我不认识你，这是真的。true 真实的，真的。 8. C【解析】结合语境可知此处指的是让我们心里很高兴。pleased 使……高兴。所以选 C。 9. B【解析】联系＂became deaf＂和＂his wonderful music＂可知此处指的是贝多芬自己听不 见美妙的音乐。hear 听见。 10. C【解析】句意：但是他的音乐鼓舞了数百万人勇敢地面对生活。encouraged 鼓励，鼓舞。 B 【文章大意】文章讲述作者在一个著名的咖啡店看见的一幕，有人在点咖啡的时候，故 意多点一杯，服务员会将一张写有＂一杯咖啡＂字样的纸贴在墙上，后来的穷人就可以要这 杯咖啡，而不用花钱。这个镇上的人们所展示的善举使我们热泪盈眶。 1. C【解析】从后面的叙述可知，该顾客喝了一杯，所以墙上只能记另一杯。one 一，一个。 2. B【解析】第一次遇到这样的事，作者一行人当然对它很感兴趣，故选 B。interest 兴趣。 3. A【解析】句意：他一离开，服务员很快就把一张写着＂一杯咖啡＂的纸贴在墙上。quickly 快速地。 4. B【解析】另一批顾客做了同样的事，服务又做了同样的事。Again 再一次，又一次。 5. C【解析】句意：因为我们和这件事没有关系，我们喝完咖啡就付钱离开了。matter 事情。 6. D【解析】句意：几天过后，我们有机会又一次到了这家咖啡店。chance 机会。 7. B【解析】句意：这个人 的衣装与这个咖啡馆的风格不协调。style 风格，款式。故选 A。 8. A 【解析】句意：＂喝一杯墙上记着的咖啡＂，服务员以同样的礼数为这个人提供咖啡。 respect 尊敬。 9. D【解析】根据＂One cup of coffee from the wall.＂可知服务员从墙上取下一张纸。wall 墙。 10.C【解析】作者看到了咖啡店的服务员对记在墙上的咖啡的处理过程之后对＂一杯墙上的 咖啡＂不再感到疑惑。doubt 怀疑，疑惑，疑问。 1. 问：为什么从冰箱里拿出来的西瓜容易坏？ 神回复：废话，把你一下从那么冷的地方拿出来你不是也要高兴坏了？ 2. 楼主：怎么反驳＂你行你上啊＂的逻辑？ 神回复：我评论个电冰箱，自己还得会制冷啊？ 3. 问：如何优雅地解释说自己胖？ 神回复：因为有许多事放在心里，不好瘦。 4. 问：你的脑袋是不是被驴踢了？ 神回复：哦，那你下脚不会轻点？ ★题型概述 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。 它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查 学生逻辑推理能力。 ★考查词类  功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词等。  具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态，名词的数，代词的格，形 容词和副词的级等。  固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。  同义词、近义词等易混淆词。  根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。 ★考查目的  考查同学们阅读理解能力。  考查同学们语法知识。  考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。 ★命题点 主要包含语境推断、词汇复现、逻辑推理、固定搭配、生活常识和语法知 识六种命题角度，其中以语境推断为主。 典例 1(2015·河北中考) A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress( 压 力 ) management. He raised a glass of water and asked them ， ＂ How 41 do you think this glass of water is？＂ The students began to think and 42 .Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g. ＂It does not matter on the real 43 .It depends on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a 44 ，it is OK. If I hold it for an hour，I will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day，you will have to call a 45 . It is the exact same weight，but the longer I hold it， the heavier it becomes. What we have to do is to put the glass down， 46 for a while before holding it up again.＂ ＂If we carry our burdens(负担) 47 ， sooner or later，we will not be able to carry on. The burden will become increasingly heavier. We have to 48 the burden every now and then，so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.＂ So 49 you return home from work tonight，put the burden of work down. Don't carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow. Whatever burdens you have ， let them down for a moment if you can. And learn to 50 ourselves. Lif e is short but amazing. Enjoy it! 41. A. heavy B. full C．much D．long 42. A. read B. watch C．guess D．listen 43. A. glass B. weight C．water D．height 44. A. minute B．night C．day D．week 45. A. mother B．teacher C．doctor D．friend 46. A. rest B．shake C．look D．work 47. A. this time B．some other time C．next time D．all the time 48. A. give up B．put down C．pick up D．think about 49. A. after B．since C．before D．until 50. A. save B．help C．care D．relax 本文一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了用手举水杯的例子，由 于举的时间不同，我们的感受也不同，联想到生活中，要学会给 自己＂减负＂。 41. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。heavy 重的；full 满的；much 多的； long 长的。根据下一段中的＂…from 20g to 500g.＂ 可知这个老师在问水的重量。 故选 A。 42. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查动词辨析。read 阅读；watch 观察；guess 猜测；listen 听。此处是说， 学生思考之后进行猜测。故选 C。 43. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查名词辨析。glass 玻璃杯；weight 重量；water 水；height 高度。此处 是说这与重量没关。故选 B。 44.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查名词。由后句句意＂如果我握一小时，我的右胳膊就会疼＂可知选 A。, 45.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查名词辨析。 mother 母亲；teacher 老师；doctor 医生；friend 朋友。此 处是说，如果我握一天，身体就会受不了要打电话叫医生。故选 C。 46.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。 rest 休息；shake 摇动；look 看；work 工作。故选 A。 46.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查固定短语辨析。this time 这次；some other time 改天 ；next time 下一 次；all the time 一直，总是。此处是说，如果我们总是负担重量，我们就会坚持不下去。 故选 D。 47.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查动词短语用法。 give up 放弃；put down 放下，镇压；pick up 捡起， 接走；think about 考虑。此处是说，我们把担子放下来，才能恢复精神。故选 B。 48.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查连词辨析。after 在……之后；since 自……以来；before 在……之前； 文章大意 until 到……为止。这个老师建议每人回家前放下担子。故选 C。 49.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。save 节省，挽救；help 帮助；care 照顾，关爱；relax 放松。这里是指放松自己。故选 D。 典例 2（2015·江苏扬州） I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in a town of Italy. As we enjoyed our coffee, a man entered and sat beside us. He called the waiter over, saying, ＂Two cups of coffee, one of them there on the 16 .＂ We heard his order with 17 and noticed that he was served one cup of coffee 18 he paid for two. When he left, the waiter put a piece of paper on the wall saying ＂A Cup of Coffee＂. While we were still there, two other men entered and 19 three cups of coffee , two on the table and one on the wall. They had two but paid for 20 . This time also, the waiter did the same thing. It was 21 unusual for us. After a few days, we had a chance to enter this coffee shop again. While we were enjoying our coffee, a man 22 appeared homeless entered. He looked at the wall and said, ＂One cup of coffee from the wall.＂ The waiter served a cup of coffee to this man with 23 . The man had his coffee and left 1）做生活常识类题目时，应该联系生活实际和常识，然后做出正确的判断。 2）语境推断类题在完型填空中是最常见的，考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份、所处 环境等，进而理解语境，体验语境。 3）形容词辨析类的试题通常采用逻辑推理的方法，判断出修饰名词的情况，选出 正确的单词。 4）名词词义辨析类试题通常使用词汇复现的解题方法，考生不要急于选出答案，须通过上下 文的提示，读懂题意，选出正确的答案。 without 24 . We were amazed to watch all of this as the waiter 25 a piece of paper off the wall and threw it into the bin. Now it was no surprise for us — the matter was very 26 . The people of this town showed great respect for those people who needed help. Just think about 27 this man wanted. He didn’t have to lose his face to ask for a(n) 28 cup of coffee. 29 asking or knowing who was giving him this cup of coffee, he only looked at the wall, placed an order, 30 his coffee and left. It’s a truly beautiful thing — probably the most beautiful wall anywhere in the world. 16. A. table B. wall C. paper D. bin 17. A. interest B. pride C. pain D. worry 18. A. until B. so C. but D. if 19. A. offered B. ordered C. drank D. left 20. A. none B. one C. two D. three 21. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 22. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 23. A. respect B. satisfaction C. regret D. pity 24. A. asking B. booking C. replying D. paying 25. A. brought B. carried C. took D. laid 26. A. important B. clear C. direct D. correct 27. A. how B. when C. what D. that 28. A. free B. expensive C. low D. cheap 29. A. With B. Without C. Before D. After 30. A. shared B. bought C. preferred D. enjoyed 31. 文章讲述了一个小故事，在一个著名的咖啡店顾客可以 故意多点一杯，给那些需要帮助的人。这样一个小小的善举， 让我们深深感动。 16.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查名词。table 桌子；wall 墙；paper 纸；bin 箱 子。此处是说，服务员在墙上记下了一杯咖啡。故选 B。 17.【参考答案】B 文章大意 【试题解析】考查名词。interesting 兴趣；pride 骄傲；pain 痛苦；worry 担忧。此处是说， 我们感兴趣地听着他的点餐。故选 A。 18.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查连词。until 直到，在……之前；so 因此，表示结果；but 但是，表示转 折；if 如果，表示条件。他喝了一杯咖啡，但是付了两杯的钱。此处表转折，故选 C。 19.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查动词。offered 提供；ordered 点菜，订购；drank 喝；left 留下。根据文 意可知选 B。 20.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查数词。根据文意可知点了三杯就付三杯的钱。故选 D。 21.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查不定代词。nothing 没有事，没有东西；anything 一些事，一些东西； everything 每件事，每样东西；something 某事，某物。肯定的陈述句用 something。故选 D。 22.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查疑问词。此句是定语从句，先行词 a man 指人，关系词在句中作主语， 用 who，故选 A。 23.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查名词。respect 尊敬；satisfaction 满意；regret 后悔；pity 遗憾。这个城 市的人们对需要帮助的人表示尊敬。故选 A。 24.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查动词。asking 请求；booking 预定；replying 答复；paying 付款。记在 墙上的咖啡别人已付款，不用再付款。故选 D。 25.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查动词。brought 拿来；carried 搬动；took 拿走；laid 放置。从墙上拿走 一张记着咖啡一杯的纸条。故选 C。 26.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查形容词。important 重要的；clear 清楚的；direct 直接的；correct 正确的。 看到了有人往墙上记咖啡，也看到了有人免费喝记在墙上的咖啡，作者一切清楚，故选 B。 27.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查疑问词。作动词 want 的宾语，用 what，故选 C。 28.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查形容词。free 免费的；expensive 昂贵的；low 低的；cheap 便宜的。句 意：他要一杯免费的咖啡不必感到丢脸。故选 A。 29.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查介词。without 无，没有。喝墙上记着的咖啡者无需知道是谁送的，故 选 B。 30.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查动词。share 分享；buy 购买；prefer 更喜欢；enjoy 享受。故选 D。 A（2016 • 湖北赤壁一中九年级月考） An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his 1 all the time, watering and fertilizing（施肥）them. One day a young man went by the 2 . He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be if he lived in such a beautiful place. Then, suddenly he found the old gardener was 3 . He was very surprised about this and asked, ＂You can’t see these flowers. Why are you busy taking care of them every day?＂ The old man smiled and said,＂ I can tell you four 4 . First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. 5 , although I can’t see these flowers, I can touch them. Third, I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, that’s 6 .＂ ＂ Me? But you don’t know me,＂ said the young man. ＂Yeah, it’s 7 that I don’t know you. But I know that flowers are angels that everybody 一、 通读全文，了解大意。 二、 分析判断，逐个击破。先易后难。 三、 认真复查，适当调整。 knows. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.＂ The blind man’s work opened our eyes and 8 our hearts, which also made his life happier. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life and wrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldn’t 9 his wonderful music, but his music has 10 millions of people to face their difficulties bravely. Isn’t it one kind of happiness? 1．A. flowers B. trees C. vegetables D. grass 2．A. study B. garden C. kitchen D. balcony 3．A. blind B. famous C. smart D. friendly 4．A. stories B. reasons C. excuses D. conclusions 5．A. And B. But C. Second D. Third 6．A. me B. you C. my mother D. my son 7．A. true B. hard C. cool D. fair 8．A. broke B. hurt C. pleased D. treated 9．A. write B. hear C. play D. believe 10．A. changed B. discovered C. encouraged D. made 该短文主要讲述了一位盲人花匠精心管理一个 花园的故事。进而告诉我们一个道理：每个人都可以在平凡的 生活中找到自己的幸福。 1.A 【解析】考查名词。flowers 花；trees 树木；vegetables 蔬 菜； grass 草。此处是说，他一直照顾他的花。故选 A。 2.B 【解析】考查名词。study 书房；garden 花园；kitchen 厨房；balcony 阳台。这个年轻 人经过了花园，故选 B。 3.A【解析】考查形容词。blind 盲目的，瞎的；famous 著名的；smart 聪明的，巧妙的；friendly 友好的。由 You can’t see these flowers.可知这个老园丁是盲人，故选 A。 4.B【解析】考查名词。stories 故事；reasons 原因；excuses 借口；conclusions 结论，总结。 此处是说，我可以告诉你四个原因。故选 B。 文章大意 5.C【解析】考查连词。And 和，并且；But 但是；Second 第二；Third 第三。此处指的是第 二条原因，故选 C。 6.B【解析】考查代词。由＂ Me? But you don’t know me＂可知选 B。 7.A【解析】考查形容词。true 真实的；hard 努力的，坚硬的；cool 凉爽的；fair 公平的。 根据句意可知选 A。 8.C【解析】考查动词。break 爆发，打碎；hurt 伤害；please 使……高兴；treat 对待。结合 语境可知此处指的是让我们心里高兴。故选 C。 9.B【解析】考查动词。write 写；hear 听见；play 玩耍；believe 相信。由 his wonderful music 可知此处指的是，贝多芬自己听不见美妙的音乐。故选 B。 10.C【解析】考查动词。changed 改变；discovered 发现；encouraged 鼓励；made 制作，使 得。根据句意结合语境可知该选 C。 Much meaning can be carried clearly, with our eyes, so it is often 1 that eyes can speak. Do you have such kind of 2 ? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he 3 that he is being looked at, he may feel uncomfortable. The same in daily life. If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is 4 wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel 5 toward the person who is looking at you that way. Eyes do speak, right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite. But sometimes things are different. If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds, it may mean that he wishes to attract(吸引) her attention, to make her understand that he 6 her. When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, 7 make sure that the listener does pay attention 8 what he or she is speaking. Lovers will enjoy looking at each other or being looked at for a long time, to show something that 9 cannot express. Clearly, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the place 10 you stay. 1．A. spoken B. said C. told D. talked 研究首尾——找主题，下联 系——寻信息，左顾右盼 ——找搭配，思前想后—— 觅逻辑，语境分析——辨词 义，集中精力——破难题。 2．A. experience B. eyes C. mind D. news 3．A. found B. knew C. finds D. saw 4．A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 5．A. happy B. angry C. sad D. thankful 6．A. loves B. hates C. thanks D. looks at 7．A. in order the B. so that C. in order to D. for 8．A. for B. of C. with D. to 9．A. eyes B. words C. minds D. body 10．A. which B. that C. where D. there 眼睛会说话。盯着一个人太长，会令对方不舒服。在日常生活中，要根据关 系的亲疏远近来选择合适的眼神交流。 1. B 【解析】考查动词。speak 说，讲；say 说；tell 告诉；talk 交 谈。It is said that 据说，是固定句型，故选 B。 2. A 【解析】考查名词。experience 经历； eyes 眼睛；mind 思想; news 新闻。下文讲的是一个体验或经历。故选 A。 3. C 【解析】考查动词。found 找到； knew 知道；finds 找到；saw 看见。if 引导条件状 语从句时要用一般现在时，故选 C。 4. A 【解析】考查不定代词。anything 任何事；something 某事；everything 每件事； nothing 没事。在 if 引导的条件从句中应用 anything。故选 A。 5. B 【解析】考查形容词。happy 愉快的；angry 生气的；sad 悲伤的；thankful 感激的。根 据上文可知选 B，表示非常生气。[来源:学§科§网 Z§X§X§K] 6. A 【解析】考查动词。loves 爱；hate 恨；thanks 感谢；look at 看。根据上文且结合常识 可知，当一个男人长时间注视一位女性时，说明他喜欢她。故选 A。 7. C 【解析】考查短语。in order to 表示目的，后跟动词原形。故选 C。 8. D 【解析】考查介词。pay attention to 注意，是固定短语，故选 D。 9. B 【解析】考查名词。eyes 眼睛；words 话；minds 思想；body 身体。根据句意是用眼 文章大意 睛来表示语言无法表示的内容。故选 B。 10. C【解析】考查关系词。which 哪个； that 那；where 哪里；there 那儿。此题考查定语从 句，先行词是 the place 表地点，在从句中作状语故用引导词 where。所以选 C。 A lawyer, his BMW and his arm[来源:Zxxk.Com] A lawyer opened the door of his BMW, when suddenly a car came along and hit the door, ripping it off completely. When the police arrived at the scene, the lawyer was complaining bitterly about the damage to his precious BMW. ＂ Officer, look what they’ve done to my Beeeemer!!!＂ He whined. ＂You lawyers are so materialistic, you make me sick!!!＂ retorted the officer, ＂You’re so worried about your stupid BMW, that you didn’t even notice that your left arm was ripped off!!!＂ 考点透视 语义辨析 考查对词汇的意义和用法掌握的程度以及对它们之间细微差异的辨别能力。题型主要集中在实 词，选项往往以同义词、近义词、反义词、搭配相同词或形近易混词的形式出现。 固定搭配 和习惯用 语 以动词、副词、介词构成的词组居多。 语法结构 ①句法方面：简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句； ②词的形式方面：动词的时态、语态，非谓语动词以及主谓一致题。 逻辑关系 主要考查考生对常见逻辑关系如转折、让步、因果、递进等关系的理解。 主旨大意 主要考查考生对文章大意或文章背景的理解。 1. 试题难度保持基本稳定。 2. 强调考生的通篇理解能力。大部分题需从全文出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑做出 判断，体现出了 ＂突出语篇＂的命题风格。 3. 考查内容主要以实词为主，其中各词考查比例稍微有变动。纵观近三年的中考题， 动词、名词、形容词、副词和代词等实词的比例始终稳定占据 80%左右。 4.有少量题目对初中学生提出了新的要求，即在掌握了双基的基础上对英语知识有一定 的扩展。要求初中学生在掌握双基的基础上必须扩展知识面，特别是要注重开发大纲内动词 的用法。 典例一（2015·江苏苏州） Few people like changing their habits, good or bad. Whether it is smoking, drinking or overeating, they 16 ＂enjoying＂ them to the end. On every packet of cigarettes(香烟)，people are warned against the 17 of smoking:＂Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health＂. 18 , millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why? Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part 19 smokers. All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking 20 or relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People 21 their ＂heroes ＂ on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or smoking cigarettes. ＂Heroes ＂ seem to fear 22 , neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes. If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, 23 should common people be afraid? The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers’ habits. Even 24 warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, don’t seem to work. Knowing and believing seem to be two 25 things. If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up! 16. A. stop B. continue C. finish D. avoid 17. A. chances B. excuses C. causes D. dangers 18. A. Moreover B. Also C. However D. Otherwise 19. A. influencing B. explaining C. improving D. describing 20. A. parents B. uncles C. brothers D. friends 21. A. hear B. catch C. watch D. face 22. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 23. A. what B. how C. when D. why 24. A. stronger B. worse C. longer D. harder 25. A. similar B. pleasant C. different D. boring 尽管每包香烟上都有告诫人们不要吸烟的标识，但仍然有许多人无法戒烟。事实证明， 家庭和环境对吸烟者有所影响，而且，电视上的英雄人物也吸烟，这也是普通人难以戒烟的 原因之一。 16.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：不管是抽烟、饮酒，还是过量地饮食，人们都坚持享受 着自己的习惯。continue 继续，符合句意。 17.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查名词。句意：在每包香烟的包装上，都警告着人们吸烟的危害。dangers 危害，危险。故选 D。 18.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查副词。句意：然而，数百万的人们学着抽烟或是继续抽着烟。此处表 示转折，故选 C。 19.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：事实表明家庭成员及环境在影响吸烟者中扮演着重要的 角色。influencing 影响，符合句意。 20.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查名词。句意：所有吸烟者来自吸烟的家庭或有吸烟的朋友或吸烟的亲 属。与本句中的家庭、亲属并列的是朋友。故选 D。 21.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：人们在电视上看着心中的英雄饮酒、抽烟。通过电视看 到，故选 C。 22.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查不定代词。句意：英雄们好像什么也不怕。酒和烟对他们自己和对别 人都没有什么伤害。由句意可知选 B。 23.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查疑问词。句意：如果他们都不怕吸烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人应 该怕呢？此处问原因，故选 D。 24.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：在香烟包装上的简单的警告不会影响吸烟者的习惯。 即使像展示一些吸烟者死于癌症的图片的更强的警告，也好像没有作用。stronger 更强 大的，符合句意。 25.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：知晓和相信好像是两个不同的事情 。短文说明知道与 相信是两个不同的事。故选 C。 典例二（2015·江西）Most of us have three meals a day .We take food for granted(想当然). And we don’t think about it. 36 experts argue a food crisis( 危 机 )is coming. This crisis is going to make us 37 the way we think about food. Food is in great need 38 a growing of world population. By 1960, the population was three billion. It doubled to six billion by 1999. By 2050, this planet will need to 39 at least nine billion people. As a result, the food prices get higher and higher. So, what can a 40 , crowed world do? One suggestion is to eat 41 meat. Meat uses more natural resources(资源)than grains(谷物). It requires more 42 to produce one pound of meat than to produce one pound of grain. It also requires between 5 and 10 times more 43 than vegetables. So, eating less meat will 44 more land for farming, and it will save water. To eats less meat, people will need to change their eating habits. That will not be 45 . Americans, for example, have 46 loved meat. In general, they eat twice as much meat as people in other countries. At the same time, in developing countries like China and Brazil, sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years. 47 will double again by 2050.Growing need of meat will 48 to put pressure on natural resources.[来源:学§科§网] World population is increasing, resources are becoming fewer, and food prices are rising. Therefore, we need to rethink 49 we eat every day. For meat lovers, we don’t need to give up meat 50 . But we need to eat more grains and less meat. 36. A. And B.But C.Or D.Until 37.A. change B. find C. get D. tell 38.A. instead of B. thanks to C. because of D. as for 39.A. help B. have C. feed D. meet 40.A. busy B. tired C. thirsty D. hungry 41.A. less B. more C. much D. little 42.A. time B. land C. people D. place 43.A. air B. meat C. money D. water 44.A. provide B. produce C. waste D. need 45.A. important B. hard C. easy D. necessary 46.A. never B. seldom C. hardly D. always 47.A. It B. They C. We D. That 48.A. continue B. stop C. have D. start 49.A. how B. when C. what D. where 50.A. quickly B. completely C. finally D. especially 本文是关于食物危机的介绍文章。随着世界人口的增多，所需要的食物也不断增加。为 了应对食物危机，我们应该少吃肉，因为肉占用的自然资源比谷物多，而且，少吃肉还可以 为耕种提供更多的土地以及节约用水。 36. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】 考查连词。句意：我们大多数人一天吃三餐。我们认为一天我们当然该 吃三餐。我们没有去思考。但是专家们说食品危机要来了。此处表示含义转折，故选 B。 37. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：这个危机将会使我们改变我们对食品的态度。change 改 变，符合句意。 38. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查短语介词。句意：因为世界人口在增长，食品被大量需要。表示原 因，选 C。 39. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：在 2050 年前，地球上至少需要养活 90 亿人。上下文都 在谈论食品，可以推测出这里是用食品养活这么多的人，故选 C。 40. 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：那么，一个饥饿的、拥挤的世界要做些什么呢？上文 提到两个问题：人口众多，食物短缺。故这里填 hungry。故选 D。 41. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：一条建议是少吃肉。从下文可知肉比谷物需要更多的自然资源。less 更少的，修饰不可数名词。这里是 ＂少吃肉 ＂，故选 A。 42. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查名词。句意：生产一磅肉比生产一磅谷物需要更多的土地。根据上文， 生产肉需要比生产谷物更多的资源，谷物转换成肉，而谷物在土地上生长，故生产更多 的肉需要更多的土地。故选 B。 43. 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查名词。句意：也比蔬菜多 5 到 10 倍的水。从后句＂and it will save water＂ （而且会节约水）可知，这里选 D。 44. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：因此，少吃肉将会为农事提供更多的土地并且可以节约 水。provide 提供，符合句意。 45. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：少吃肉，人们需要以改变饮食习惯，那不容易啊。改 变多年的习惯不是一件容易的事。故选 C。 46. 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】考查副词。句意：比如说，美国人一直喜欢肉。always 总是，一直。这里 举的是一个改变吃肉习惯不易的例子，可以推测出是＂一直喜欢吃肉＂。故选 D。 47. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】考查代词。句意：同时，在发展中国家，像中国和巴西，过去二十年肉类 的销售量翻了一番。到 2050 年前，还要翻一番。两个句子的主语是 sales of meat，肉 的销售，是个复数名词短语，用 they 来指代。故选 B。 48. 【参考答案】 A 【试题解析】考查动词。句意：肉量需求的增长将会持续给自然资源施加压力。 continue 继续，符合句意。 49. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查疑问词。句意：然而，我们需要重新考虑我们每天吃什么。选 C。 50.【参考答案】 B 【试题解析】考查副词。句意：对于食肉爱好者，我们不需要完全放弃吃肉，但是我们 需要多吃谷物，少吃肉。completely 完全地，符合语境。 做完形填空应遵循下列步骤： 1. 通读全文，了解大意； 2. 瞻前顾后，逐步填空； 3. 认真复查，适当调整。 常见的解题方法如下： （1）＂固定搭配法＂解完形填空题 固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完形填空题测试的重点。固定搭配形式 包括名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做 题时才能得心应手。 （2）＂主谓一致判断法＂ 解完形填空题 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主 谓一致。我们做完形填空的时候，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找 其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑一致和就近一致原则。 （3）＂词义辨析法＂ 解完形填空题 词义辨析考査的面广，词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、代词、介词、动词、 形容词等。英语中的同义词（语）、易混淆词(语)及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意 差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的属语气轻重有别， 有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等。因此我们只能把重点放在学习过程中常见的易混、易错之 处，不求面面俱到，只求对症下药。 （2016·山东邹城八中九年级月考）How do you imagine the future? Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now? What do you think of the future? People 1 that life will probably be very different in 2050. First of all, planes will be very large so flying will be very cheap. Everyone will have a small car. Fuel will be new and clean, but expensive. We will 2 robots everywhere. And space planes will take us around the world 3 two hours. Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer, so they will be very comfortable. We will use the sun 4 our homes. Computers will be very small so they will be very 5 . People will do many things on the Internet. At that time, water will become one of our most 6 problems. In many places, farmers will be in great need of water to 7 fruit and vegetables. By 2050, we will able to help blind and deaf people see again and 8 again. At that time, our life will become better and better. 1．A. think B. disagree C. plan D. worry 2．A. make B. see C. watch D. move 3．A. in B. after C. for D. at 4．A. heats B. to heat C. heating D. heated 5．A. heavy B. new C. long D. light 6．A. pleasant B. possible C. serious D. interesting 7．A. sell B. check C. buy D. grow 8．A. walk B. hear C. sleep D. run 短文通过交通，居住，娱乐，生活，医疗各方面介绍未来人们的生活是什么样的。 1. A【解析】考查动词。句意：人们认为 2050 年的生活将有很大不同。think 认为，思考。 故选 A。 2. B【解析】考查动词。句意：我们将看见机器人无处不在。结合语境可知该选 B。 3. A【解析】考查介词。句意：在两个小时内飞机会带你到世界各地。in 在……里。 4. B【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们将使用太阳能为我们的家园加热。to heat 是 heat 是不定式形式，表目的，符合句意。 5. D【解析】考查形容词。句意：电脑将会非常小,，所以它们会非常轻。由 Computers will be very small…可知该选 D。 6.C【解析】考查形容词。句意：那时候水会成为很严重的问题之一。 联 系后文 In many places, farmers will be in great need of water to fruit and vegetables. 可知该选 C。 7. D【解析】考查动词。句意：在许多地方，农民将非常需要水来种植 水 果和蔬菜。grow 种植，生长。 8. B【解析】考查动词。句意：到 2050 年，我们将能够帮助盲 人再次看见， 帮助聋哑人再次听到。根据 help blind and deaf people see again…可知该选 B。 The ability to forgive others is a great thing that can certainly help to make life happier for everyone. However, some people think that it is very 1 to do, and they don’t know how to forgive others, especially their family and friends. This is all 2 they don’t understand the meaning of ＂forgiveness ＂. In the dictionary, ＂to forgive ＂means＂to 3 feeling angry with somebody that has done something bad to you.＂ I’m happy that many people have 4 in doing this. I have succeeded, too, and I know how hard it is. I lived with a friend for two years. During that time, he did cause me many 5 . I easily got angry when communicating with him. However, we 6 had a talk about our problems. When he pointed out that I wasn’t treating him like a friend, I was 7 . I never knew that I also needed to be forgiven for doing something wrong. I thought however 8 I might get, I did love my friend deep in my heart. Then I understood the saying, ＂To love is to forgive.＂ And when we 9 each other, we feel great. After that long talk, we both 10 those bad moments. Our friendship became fresh again. Now I understand the meaning of forgiveness better. 1．A. late B. difficult C. strange D. useless 2．A. why B. when C. because D. that 3．A. stop B. suffer C. keep D. consider 4．A. spent B. continued C. succeeded D. enjoyed 5．A. dangers B. mistakes C. questions D. problems 6．A. firstly B. finally C. suddenly D. always 7．A. surprised B. excited C. satisfied D. bored 8．A. worried B. frightened C. angry D. nervous 9．A. control B. help C. protect D. forgive 10．A. learn B. forget C. imagine D. consider 这篇短文主要讲述了原谅别人是一件好的事情，能使你的生活更美好。 1.B【解析】考查形容词。句意：然而，一些人们认为很难去做，他们不知道怎么原谅别人。 这里表示很难做到原谅别人。difficult 困难的，故选 B。 2. C【解析】考查疑问词。句意：这都是因为他们不理解原谅的意思。这里表示原因。 3.A【解析】考查动词。 句意：在这字典里，原谅的意思就是对那些给你做了错事的人们停 止生他们的气。短语 stop doing sth.表示停止做某事。根据题意，故选 A。 4. C【解析】考查动词。句意：我很开心许多人们已经成功地做了这样的事情。succeed in doing 表示成功做某事。根据题意，故选 C。 5. D【解析】考查名词。句意：在那期间，他做的给我造 成了许多的问题。这里是烦恼 的问题。故选 D。 6. B【解析】考查副词。句意：然而，我们最好关于这个问题交谈了。finally 最后。 7. A【解析】考查形容词。句意：当他指出我对他不像是 一个朋友的时候，我很惊讶。 surprised 吃惊的。故选 C。 8. C【解析】考查形容词。句意：我原本认为不管我可能怎样的生气，但是在我心里深深的 爱上了我这位朋友。 angry 生气的。故选 C。 9. D【解析】考查动词。句意：当我们彼此原谅对方的时候，我们感到很好。forgive 原谅。 故选 D。 10．B【解析】考查动词。句意：长时间的交谈之后，我们两个都忘记了那不好的时刻。 forget 忘记。 ＂袜子＂大变身 有关＂袜子＂习语 小小的袜子在我们生活中无处不在，但一旦到了英语里面，袜子也能大变身了。下面将 会举出三个与袜子有关的习惯用语，来看看吧。 1. sock away 存钱 中国人常说把钱藏在床的褥子底下，那么英文里怎么说的呢?英文里说把钱藏在袜子里。 大约八十年前，许多人不信任银行，可是又要把钱放在一个妥当的地方。不知道是谁想 出来的，把藏钱说成是把钱藏在袜子里，于是就产生了我们今天讲的这个习惯用语：sock away。 2. sock in (因气候关系)关闭(机场) 这里的 sock 只是指 wind sock。wind sock 是我们在飞机场常见的那种指示风向的所谓风 向袋。风向袋很轻，一头开口，一头系在杆子上，只要有风它就会迎风飘起，指示风吹的方 向。那么 sock in 又是怎么回事呢?那是在二战期间，当时的机场，特别是军用机场往往靠风 向袋来决定这个机场是否关闭。要是天公不做美，那么这个风向袋是 吹不起来的。在这种情况下，这个机场只好 sock in；所以 sock in 就是 关闭机场，直到天气转好再重新开放的意思。 3. knock your socks off 令人兴奋不已的好事 Knock 是敲或打的意思。Knock your socks off 的意思相当于中国 的成语 ＂叹为观止 ＂。按字面来解释也就是，当你看到一件事感到十分惊讶，其震撼力把 你的袜子都从腿上震了下来。 ★文章类型 阅读理解之广告图表类包含广告、招聘、咨询和建议等类型的文章。 ★解题技巧 解答广告图表类题，要仔细阅读表格中的内容，表格类阅读材料一般都直观地表 达出所要传递的信息。考生只要能看懂各个项目的意义，即可找出所设问题的答 案。这类材料一般不涉及难度太大的题目。 纵观历年各省市的中考题可以看出广告图表类的文章在阅读理 解中占有相当大的比重，一般四篇阅读理解中至少有一篇是广告图表 类。广告图表类的文章属于应用文的行列。学生阅读这类材料时，主 要从两方面入手：★一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，★ 二是推敲图画上的文字或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含 义。 典例一 （2015 • 北京） My favorite season… Matt/UK: My favorite season is spring, because everything is getting new and fresh again. I like having picnics and taking photos with my friends. I don’t like autumn, because I know that it’s going to be getting cold soon. Anna/Germany: Autumn is my favorite season. I love the changing of leaves. I like the colors. I love the autumn wind that blows the leaves around. And I often take a walk in that autumn air with a warm cup of coffee. My least favorite season is summer, because it’s too hot. Neil/Canada: I like summer best. It’s very cool in my hometown, and it’s nice to have a long and sunny summer. There are a lot of outdoor activities you can take part in, such as going camping. My least favorite is winter, because it’s pretty cold, and you don’t want to go outside. Kat/US: My favorite season is winter, because there’s a lot of snow, and it’s very beautiful. When the countryside is covered with snow, it’s perfectly white. Also, I love building snowmen with my friends. So I like winter. 41. Matt’s favorite season is _______. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 42. Where is Anna from? A. The US. B. Canada C. The UK D. Germany 43. What’s the weather like in Neil’s hometown in summer? A. Wet B. Cool C. Windy D. Cloudy 44. In winter, Kat loves _______. A. going camping B. taking a walk C. building snowmen D. having picnics 【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了四个孩子喜欢的季节及他们爱做的活动。 41. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】细节理解题。题目关键词为＂Matt＂和＂favorite season＂，定位至第一个 孩子的第一行第一句，故答案为 A。 42. 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】细节理解题。题目关键词为＂Anna＂，定位至第二个孩子的图 片下方，故答案为 D。 43. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】细节理解题。题目关键词为＂Neil＂和＂summer＂，定位 至第三个孩子 第一行第一、二句话，故答案为 B。 44. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】细节理解题。题目关键词为＂Kat＂，定位至第四个孩子最后一行，故 答案为 C。 典例二 （2015 • 江西） The Cartoon Museum Come and see the best of British cartoon art. There is something for everyone — including popular cartoon characters and a great shop full of funny books and cards. Price：￡4.00 Opening times Tuesday—Saturday 10:30—17:30 Sunday 细节理解题主要考查学生对文章中的细节与具体事实的 把握能力，内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果和目的等， 属于浅层次的理解题，难度较低。同学们需要在有限的 时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，发现文 章中的细节信息，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握 作者的思路，按全文 段落 词语的步骤来解题。 Cox’s Hotel Tel：01789404600 E-mail：info@coxshotel.co.uk Website：www.coxshotel.co.uk Opening times Coffee shop：9:00 am—6:00 pm Tea room：10:30 am—5:30 pm Pub (酒吧) ：12:00—midnight (1:30 am on Friday/Saturday) Stratford Butterfly(蝴蝶) Farm Tel：01789 299288 E-mail：sales@butterflyfarm.co.uk Visit：www.butterflyfarm.co.uk Price：￡4.50 child ￡5.50 adult Opening Hours：Summer 10am—6am Winter 10am—4:30pm 61. Where can we get funny cards when we visit English? A. In the Cartoon Museum. B. On Stratford Butterfly Farm. C. At Cox’s Hotel. D. At Cox’s pub. 62. Which is the proper time to go to the pub at Cox’s Hotel? A. 9:00—18:00 on Friday. B. 10:30—17:30 on Tuesday. C. 12:00—1:30 on Saturday. D. 10:00—16:30 on Monday. 63. How much should four college students pay for a visit to Stratford Butterfly Farm? A. £ 16. B. £ 32. C. £ 18. D. £ 22. 【文章大意】本题是三则广告：卡通博物馆、旅馆及一家蝴蝶农场。讲了各地的服务项 目、价格、营业时间及联系方式等等。 61.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】细节理解题。由第一则广告中的＂including popular cartoon characters and a great shop full of funny books and cards.＂可知选 A。 62.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】细节题解题。由第二则广告中的＂12:00—midnight(1:30 am on Friday/ Saturday) ＂可知选 C。 63.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】推理判断题。由第三则广告可知，成人每人￡5.50，小孩每人￡4.50，大 学生是成年人，四个大学生就是￡5.5*4=￡22。故选 D。 A（2016 • 江苏省无锡市外国语学校九年级二模考试） 推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之 一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较大的题 型，属于深层理解题。它要求学生对文 章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判 断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力 推论出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实 及暗示的含义。因此，学生应在理解全 文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息 出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常 识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息 之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会“弦 外之音”，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。 1. Sydney Tower is ____________ in Sydney, Australia. A. the busiest street B. the biggest station C. the most beautiful park D. the highest point 2. Sydney Tower opens at ____________. A. 8:00 am B. 9:00 am C. 10:30 pm D. 11:30 pm 3. If an adult with two children goes to visit Sydney Tower, he has to pay ___________. A. $60 B. $90 C. $120 D. $150 B(2016 • 江西省南昌市三校第二次联考) Advertisements Driver Wanted Clean driving license Must be of smart appearance Age over 25 Apply to(申请) ：Gapes Taxi, 17 Palace Road, Boston Air Hostesses（空姐）for international Flights Wanted 1. Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old. 2. Height 1.6m to 1.75m 3. Education to GCSE standard(标准) 4. Two languages. Must be able to swim. Apply to: Recruitment(招聘) office, Southern Airlines, Heathrow Airport West HR37KK. Teachers Needed For private languages school Teaching experience unnecessary Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Languages Ltd., 279 Canal Street, Roston 4. Ben, aged 22, likes swimming and driving, has just graduated from a college. Which job might be given to him? A. Driving for Capes taxis. B. Working for Southern Airlines. C. Teaching at Instant Languages. D. None of the three. 5. What stops Mary, aged 25, from becoming an air hostess? A. She once broke a traffic law. B. She can’t speak Japanese very well. C. She has never worked as an air hostess before. D. She doesn’t feel like working long hours flying abroad. 6. Which is not mentioned in the three advertisements? A. Marriage. B. Age. C. Education. D. Working experience. A 【文章大意】本文是一则广告，介绍了悉尼塔的地址、开放时间、门票等信 息。 1. D 【解析】细节理解题。由图片中的＂Sydney Tower takes you to the highest point…＂可知 选 D。 2. B 【解析】细节理解题。由图片中的＂Open time: 9:00 am to10:30 pm＂ 可知选 B。 3. C【解析】数字计算题。由图片中的票价信息可知，成人票每人 60 美元，儿童票每人 30 美元。再由题干可知是一个成人两个儿童，故应付 120 美元。 B 【文章大意】本文是一则招聘广告，介绍了对招聘职位司机、空姐和教师的要求。 4. C 【解析】细节理解题。由第一则广告中的＂Clean driving license.＂可知 Ben 不适合司机 的工作，由第二则广告可知要求的是女性，可知 Ben 也不适合。故选 C。 5. D【解析】推理判断题。由第二则广告可知，招聘的是空姐，即在飞机上工作，而 D 项＂ 不喜欢长时间飞行国外工作＂这个特征不适合当空姐。 6. A 【解析】细节理解题。第一则广告中提到了年龄，第二则广告中提到了教育，第三则 广告中提到了工作经验。而婚姻在这篇文章中未被提及。 A 1. Besides your picture, you must write about ____________. A. why you like the place so much B. why drawing is your favorite hobby C. whether you think you can win D. when you started learning to draw 2. According to the ad., all winners can get ___________. A. a $100 prize B. a $70 prize C. a favorite place in school D. their pictures on show 3. The competition is organized by ___________. A. an Art teacher B. LCPS Art Department C. the headmaster D. Lucky Books & Stationery B Monday 10:30—11:00am visit Uncle Peter in General Hospital Tuesday 2:00—4:00 pm swimming class Wednesday 12:00—6:00 pm part-time job Thursday 10:30—11:30 am Appointment Mr. Green Friday 11:00 am go to the airport to meet Sam Saturday 10:00—12:00 am Meet Dave to study for test Sunday 5:00—7:00 pm Birthday party for Kate 阅读 John 的日程表，选择正确答案。 4. __________ is ill in hospital. A. Kate B. Peter C. John D. Sam 5. John has a swimming class on __________. A. Sunday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday 6. John does his part-time job for _________ hours a week. A. five B. six C. ten D. eleven 7. John meets Sam __________. A. at Dave’s house B. in the hospital C. at the airport D. Kate’s home 8. Kate’s birthday party is from _________ to _________. A. 2:00; 4:00 B. 12:00; 6:00 C. 12:00; 5:00 D. 5:00; 7:00 A 【文章大意】本文主要是关于图画展的广告。 1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据海报的第三段 Along with your picture…for you 可知选 B。 2. D【解析】细节理解题。根据海报的第四段可知选 D。 3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据海报末尾的 Organized by：Lion City Primary School(LCPS) (Art Department)可知选 B。 B 【文章大意】这篇文章讲的是约翰一周的行程安排及他参加的各种活动。 4. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息 visit Uncle Peter in General Hospital 可知皮特叔叔生 病住院了，故选 B。 5. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息 Tuesday，2:00—4:00 pm，swimming class 可知选 B。 6. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息 Wednesday，12:00—6:00 pm，part-time job (业余工 作)可知他做兼职 6 个小时，故选 B。 7. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息 Friday，11:00 am，go to the airport to meet Sam 可 知答案是 C。 8. D【解析】细节理解题。根据表格信息 Sunday，5:00—7:00 pm，Birthday party for Kate 可 知答案是 D。 The farmer and the snake It was a cold winter evening, an old man had done his work and was going home from the fields. On his way he saw something on the ground. He looked at it and found it was a snake. It was not dead, but it couldn’t move because it was so cold. ＂Poor thing,＂ the man said, ＂I must try to save your life.＂ He picked it up and looked for a warm place to put it in. But how could he find one in such cold weather? So he decided to put the snake inside his clothes, right next to his heart. A few minutes later, the snake came back to life and began to move. When it became strong enough, it gave the man a deadly bite. He killed it and went on. When he got back, he was very ill and had to lie down. He knew he was dying. ★材料特点 人物故事类的阅读理解文章是中考英语常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为 人物传记和短篇故事两类。 1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和 奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性 较强。 2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发 展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的 之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生 对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。 ★解题技巧 1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时 间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。 2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓 住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开 想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。 典例一 （2015 • 河南） Once a king got two nice falcons(猎鹰)from his son. He had never seen such beautiful falcons before. He loved them so much and he ordered the best falconer to train then to fly. After several months, the king came to see how the training was going on. He found that one falcon had already been able to fly high in the sky, while the other was staying on the branch(树枝) of a tree quietly, just keeping still.www.21-cn-jy.com The king called all his falcons together and ordered them to try every way they could to make the other falcon fly. But none of them succeeded. One day, while the king was taking a walk in the forest, an idea came to his mind. Maybe someone who knew the natural environment well could solve this problem. He spent for a farmer who lived in the forest into his palace to train it at once. The next morning, the king saw the other falcon flying above in the sky freely. ＂ it is unbelievable!＂ shouted the king. How could you make it happen?＂ The farmer replied, ＂It’s very easy. I just cut off the branch where the falcon rested.＂ It is always the same to human beings. We all have ＂two flying wings＂ in our hearts as well, but we often seem not to notice them and stay where we just for safety and comfort. We won’t realize we can fly so high and freely until the ＂branch＂ we are resting on breaks. 46.What did the king do after he got the two falcons? A. He kept them on the branch of a tree. B. He sent them to a farmer in the forest. C. He made the best falconer train them to fly. D. He set them free and let them fly in the sky. 47.Why did the king call all his falconers together? A. Because he wanted to get more falcons. B. Because he wanted the other falcon to fly. C. Because he wanted them to see his falcons. D. Because he wanted to know more about his falcons. 48.Who did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky? A. The king. B. The king’s son. C. The farmer. D. The best falconer. 49.How did the king feel when he saw the other falcon fly freely in the sky? A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Worried. D. Relaxed. 如何做好阅读理解之主旨大意题 命题方式：考查文章的中心思想、文章标题的选择、作者的写作态度 和意图。 错误选项的特点：1. 以偏概全。2. 断章取义。3. 主题扩大。4. 张冠 李戴。5. 无中生有或似是而非。 解题指导：1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。2.理清层次关系， 选出最佳标题。3.抓住关键词，判断作者意图。 50.What is the best title for the text？ A. The Wise King B. The Nice Falcons C. The Best Falconer D. Flying Wings 【文章大意】国王有两只漂亮的鹰，非常喜欢它们，让养鹰人训练它们飞行，但另一只 却一直安静地待在树枝上。后来，一位农夫砍掉了它休息的树枝，成功地让那只鹰学会了飞 行。这个故事教育我们，当失去安全而舒适的环境时，我们才可能意识到自己可以飞得很高。 46. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】由第一段中的＂he ordered the best falconer to train them to fly＂可知选 C。 47. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】由第三段中的第一句可知选 B。 48. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】由第四段和第五段可知，最后是农夫让另一只猎鹰飞起来了。故答案为 C。 49. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由第四段可知，国王看到那只猎鹰飞起来的时候，觉得很兴奋。故答案为 A。 50. 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】通读全文可知，适合本文的最佳标题是 D 项。 典例一 （2015 • 成都） How much do you know about Albert Einstein? Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, was a great scientist in the world. He was strange because he hated haircuts and new clothes. He believed in peace. All his life, he hated war. However, his most famous idea, E = mc², helped create the world’s most dangerous weapon (武器). Many people think he was the smartest person in the world. But Einstein said that he thought like a child with many questions and unusual ideas. What did he like? Einstein liked learning sailing( 帆 船 运 动 ). He sailed in small boats all his life. He once joked, ＂Sailing is the sport that takes the least energy!＂ When Einstein was a child, his mother made him take violin lessons. At first, he didn’t like the violin. But then he learned to love music and became a good violinist. Later, he said, ＂Love is the best teacher.＂ Why is the sky blue? In 1910, Einstein asked a question which many children often ask, ＂Why is the sky blue?＂ After his careful research, he answered the question like this: ＂It’s because light is made up of many colors including blue. When light travels to Earth, gas particles(气体微粒) spread the blue light all over the sky.＂ His answer is true in physics. 81. According to the passage, Albert Einstein ________haircuts and new clothes. A. forgot B. minded C. disliked 82. The underlined part actually shows Albert Einstein was a/an ________ person. A. clever B. imaginative C. childlike 83. Einstein ________ learning sailing and playing the violin. A. was interested in B. looked forward to C. was known for 84. From Paragraph 3, we know that ________. A. mother teaches the best B. without mother’s push, we can’t love anything C. when we love something, we’d like to learn about it 85. Einstein offered a ________explanation for the question why the sky is blue. A. magic B. scientific C. careful 【文章大意】本文是关于 Albert Einstein 的介绍文章。 81. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文中的 because he hated haircuts and new clothes 可知答 案。 82. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】推理判断题。clever 聪明的；imaginative 有想象力的；childlike 孩子般 的，天真的。根据句意可知选 B。 83. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 liked learning sailing(帆船运动)和第三段中 的 But then he learned to love music and became a good violinist.可得出答案。 84. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】推理判断题。文中未提及 A、B 选项，只提到＂Love is the best teacher.＂。 85. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】细节理解题。magic 不可思议的，有魔力的；scientific 科学的；careful 仔 细的。由文章最后一句可知答案。 (2016 • 辽宁营口九年级中考模拟) A farmer bought an old and run-down farm. The fields were grown over with weeds, the farmhouse was falling apart, and the fences(篱笆) were broken all around. The roads were hidden because of the grass that was growing madly. And there were not any animals on it. However, the farmer planned to turn it into a pleasant and loving place. During his first day of work, the town preacher(牧师) passed by. He looked at the farmer and then the mess, saying, ＂ May you and God work together to make this the farm of your dreams!＂ A few months later, the preacher came again to call on the farmer. He was so surprised to see a 如何做好阅读理解之词义句意猜测题 题的类型： 根据题目的设问方式，我们把猜词题分成以下两类：（1）非指代型猜词题：根据 语境推断出某个词义的意思。（2）指代型猜词题：对 it，they，them 等指代的对象进行判断。 解题技巧：（1）利用上下文猜词。（2）利用释义猜测词义。（3）利用构词法猜测词义。（4） 根据常识。（5）指代型词义猜测题。 正确选项符合两个特征：（1）前文中的重复词。（2）正确选项符合句义。 completely different place — the farmhouse is rebuilt and in excellent condition, there were plenty of cows, sheep, hens and other livestock eating happily in the fence which had already been well repaired, and the fields were filled with crops planted in rows. A lot of flowers and small trees were growing along the road. He even saw some ducks swimming in a small pool. ＂Amazing!＂ the preacher said. ＂Look what God and you have finished together!＂ ＂ Yes, ＂ answered the farmer, ＂ but remember what the farm was like when God was working it alone!＂ 1. What was the farm like at first? A. It was old and broken. B. It was full of grass. C. There were many animals on it. D. Both A and B. 2. What’s the underlined sentence meaning? A. He thinks it is impossible for the farmer to achieve his dream. B. He thinks God can help the farmer. C. He thinks if the farmer and God work together, the dream will come true. D. He thinks the farmer can finish the job easily. 3. What happened to the farm a few months later? A. The farm became a completely different place. B. The farmer rebuilt the house and feed many livestock. C. The fields were filled with crops, and flowers and trees are along the road instead of wild grass. D. All of above. 【文章大意】这篇短文讲的是一个农民通过自己的努力把一个废弃的农场改造成一个井 井有条，生机盎然的地方的故事。 1. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第一自然段的描述可知一开始这个农场是一个破烂不堪、 长满野草的地方，故选 D。 2. A【解析】句意理解题。根据文中划线句子及语境可知这个牧师认为这个农民把这个农场 收拾好是不可能的，故选 A。 3. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三自然段的描述可知选 D。 A Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o’clock. ＂Who can it be at this time of night?＂ He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got out of bed, put on his dressing gown and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. ＂That is very strange.＂ Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed, turned off the light and tried to go to sleep. A few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it: ＂It is now after midnight, so it is April Fool’s Day. Happy April Fool’s Day!＂ ＂Oh, it was the English boy next door!＂ Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and felt asleep at once. The bell did not ring again. 1. Mr. Lee went to bed _______. A. before twelve o’clock B. after twelve o’clock C. as soon as the bell rang D. when he saw the boy 2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time? A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor. B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was. C. He was afraid of the ring. D. He was waiting for someone. 3. Mr. Lee found ______on the floor at last. A. a letter B. a stamp C. a book D. a piece of paper 4. Mr. Lee thought the English boy _________. A. was a bad boy B. was friendly with him C. shouldn’t ring the bell at midnight D. did a dangerous thing 5. From this passage, we learn that people can _______ on April Fool’s Day. A. say ＂Hello＂ to each other B. dance and sing at night C. play jokes on each other D. send presents to children B ＂BANG!＂ the door caused a big noise. It was just standing there, with Father standing on one side, and I on the other side. We were both in great anger. ＂Never set foot in this house again!＂ stormed Father. With tears in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street. The street lights were shining, causing rather sad-feeling. I walked aimlessly. A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree. But now I don’t know whether it is because I have grown up or because Dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. He always puts his opinions and rules of behavior on me. Whenever I do something wrong, he never allows it. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened. I walked in the streets, without a place in mind. My heart was frozen on this hot summer night. As I walked on, there were fewer and fewer people on the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on. I thought to myself: ＂Is Father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me?＂ In fact, it was nothing. Perhaps, Dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps. I can’t stand his words: ＂I can’t throw you away, let alone these old stamps?＂ All the lights were off except Father’s. Dad was always like this. Maybe he didn’t know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any pity or any moments of feeling sorry. After an argument he has the habit of appearing silently in my sleep and then helping me under the covers. This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature. The light was still on. ＂Am I wrong?＂ I whispered, maybe... With the key in hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my face. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist (存在) at all. Love is second to none. 6. Which is the best order of the following according to what happened in the passage? a. I opened the door and entered the house. b. Sadly I ran out into the street. c. I reached the place where I lived and saw my house still brightly lit. d. I thought of my father’s kindness towards me. e. I walked about in the street without any aim. A. b-e-d-c-a B. b-e-c-d-a C. b-e-a-c-d D. b-e-c-a-d 7. What made the writer think of his childhood? A. The sight of street lights. B. The sight of the empty street. C. The sight of a father with a child in his arms. D. The sight of light in his own house. 8. What can we learn from the passage? A. The father treats his son in an unfair way. B. The father is actually kind to his son. C. The father is neither kind nor rude to his son. D. The father is always finding his son wrong. 9. This passage is mainly about________. A. how the boy understand his father’s love B. where the boy went C. what made a father angry D. why the boy left home A 【文章大意】这篇短文讲的是一个小孩和 Mr. Lee 开愚人节的玩笑的故事。 1. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文中信息 He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o’clock.可推断他在 12 点前睡的觉，故选 A。 2. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中信息 Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. 可知他想知道那个人是谁，故选 B。 3. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中信息 Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. 可知他在 地板上看到一张纸，故选 D。 4. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中信息 ＂Oh, it was the English boy next door!＂ Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. 可知他认为这个小孩对他是友好的，故选 B。 5. C【解析】推理判断题。通过这篇文章我们知道在愚人节人们可以互相开玩笑，故选 C。 B 【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是在作者成长的过程中与父亲经常发生冲突，作者认为与 父亲之间是有隔阂的，其实没有。父亲不善于表达自己的情感，却一直用自己的方式爱着自 己。 6. B【解析】考查细节理解题。根据文章情节发展顺序（第二段 b，第三段 e，第六段 c，第 七段 d，最后一段 a），可知选 B。 7. C 【解析】考查细节理解题。根据第四段 A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.可知选 C。 8. B【解析】考查细节理解题。根据文章内容可知选 B。 9. A【解析】考查主旨理解题题。根据文章主要内容结合选项可知选 A。 Good news and bad news ＂There’s good news and bad news,＂ the divorce lawyer told his client. ＂ I could sure use some good news, ＂ sighed the client. ＂What’s it?＂ ＂Your wife isn’t demanding that your future inheritances(遗产) be included in the settlement(财产转让契约).＂ ＂And the bad news?＂ ＂ After the divorce, she’s marrying your father.＂ 测试要求 命题特点 1.理解和把握文章的主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想 的能力。 2.理解和把握文章具体信息来获取有关信息的能力， 及根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义、句意， 进而加深对文章的理解的能力。 3.根据文章进行简单的数字推算和计算的能力。 4.既要理解词、短语、句子和文章的表层意思，又要 理解其深层含义和抽象概念的能力。 5.理解全篇的逻辑关系，根据已知信息进行合理的推 理判断和预测新信息的能力。 初中英语试题中的阅读文章题材丰富(涉及政治经 济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等 各个方面)，体裁多样(包括记叙文、说明文、议论 文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、 表格等)。中考阅读理解要求学生能较快地通过阅读 理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能作出正确 判断，然后根据试题的要求从 A、B、C、D 四个选 项中选出最佳答案或作出正误判断。文章的难易程 度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟 40—50 个词。 预计 2016 年中考仍然会沿袭往年的风格，题材丰富，体裁多样，主要考查 学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。说明类阅读理解仍会占很大一席。 阅读说明类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系联系．．．．，如因果因果．．．．、条件条件．．．．、从属从属．．．．、并列并列．．．．等； 以及说明方法说明方法．．．．．．．．，如定义定义．．．．、例释例释．．．．、类比类比．．．．等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练，不断提高判断判断．．．．、 归纳归纳．．．．、分析分析．．．．和解决问题解决问题．．．．．．．．的能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章，了解一些基本的科 普知识；其次，在阅读时要注意实验的目的目的．．．．和结果结果．．．．，不能凭想象和猜测下结论；对于较难理 解的句子要利用语法结构语法结构．．．．．．．．去分析；最后，要利用文章特点找准主题句主题句．．．．．．，把握中心，从而一一 破解题目。 一、解题技巧 技巧一 快速读题，正确理解题干，定位关键词，带着问题读文章。 技巧二 运用正确的阅读策略，变速阅读文章，学会处理文中的冗余信息。 技巧三 注意特殊语言现象，在含有关键词的句子处标上题号。 技巧四 注意正确项和干扰项的特征，回到文中确定答案。 技巧五 合理猜测，推敲生词的含义。 技巧六 符合题目要求，对信息进行必要的加工处理。 二、解题方法 先读懂文章，然后按顺序答题。此方法适合内容较易于理解和记忆的文章。 先读试题再读文章，这样我们可以带着问题有的放矢地阅读文章，迅速选出答案。 先阅读一篇文章，把握中心大意，然后开始答题，对暂时确定不了的答案，可回 读文 章的有关内容并对其进行分析、推敲后再确定。 对拿不准的答案，可先逐项排除自己有把握的错误选项，再将剩下的答案进行比 较、筛选，直到确定最佳答案。 三、注意事项 1. 限时阅读：严格控制做题时间，具体到每一篇文章，通过有意识的训练，达到时间分配 上的合理性。 2. 带着问题读：先快速浏览一遍题目，再开始阅读文章，有针对性的阅读会提升速度。 3. 找对应词句：中考阅读理解的答案都会聚焦到文章的词或句子上，在做题时找到相应的 原文，并进行勾勒、标注，重点理解，有助于排除疑虑，且方便检查。 4. 重点注意首段、尾段、首句、尾句：中考阅读理解的材料都是有鲜明的中心句的，把握 好中心句有助于全篇的理解。中心句通常位于首段、尾段、首句或尾句，需要特别注意。 5. 理解作者意图：切勿将自己的意图强加到文章中，特别是在做主旨大意题时。 6. 注重原文：要尊重原材料中的信息、观点，并在此基础上答题；不要理所当然、凭主观 臆断答题，不要钻牛角尖。 典例一 (2015·河北) Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will consider： The first one — that I must work in an area I like— is most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you won’t have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there. All this is possible only if I like what I do. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a difference and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army，training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my work. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life. 61. According to the passage，a good job choice probably makes people ________. A. solve fewer problems B. choose a good life C. be good family members D. provide hard things 62. The writer considers an enjoyable job most important because ________. A. he has to bring out his best B. it can make him more creative C. he will have to work another day D. it is possible for him to live better 63. The underlined word ＂remunerated＂ in the passage means＂________＂. A. trained B. praised C. accepted D. paid 64. The writer wants to tell us that everyone should ________. A. become a knowledgeable person B. join the army to become a better person C. make preparations to find a satisfying job D. help young people to choose an interesting job 65. What is the best title for the passage? A. My Job Choice B. My Favorite Job C. My Comfortable Life D. My Sense of Satisfaction 【文章大意】本文讲述了我找工作的三件重要的事情：第一、找到心仪的工作地区。第 二、工作的地区一定能引导我解决新颖的、困难的问题。第三、我喜欢在能够帮助他人的地 区工作。 61.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句＂So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life.＂和文章最后一句可知选 B。 62.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的＂I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative.＂可知作者想在一个更有创造力的地区工作。故选 B。 63.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】词义猜测题。画线的单词＂remunerated＂在本段中的意思是＂________＂。 根据下句＂so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money.＂可知我努力工作，是 想得到更好的＂酬劳＂，这辛苦钱能让我过上舒适的生活。故选 D。 64.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知每个人都应该认真考虑，问问别 人，查找资料等，再做决定，即要找一份令人满意的工作，需要先做好各项准备，故选 C。 65.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是________。通读短文可知， 本文介绍了我选择工作时最重要的三个方面。故选 A。 典例二 (2015·辽宁锦州) The taxi plays an important role in Britain. When thinking of London, many images(形象) come to mind: Big Ben, the Ferris Wheel(摩天轮), red telephone boxes…and black London taxis. But what is so special about a simple taxi? First of all, in shape and style, a London taxi is very different from an ordinary one. It looks like a half-car and half-van(半厢式货车). It has plenty of room in the back. That means it’s easy for disabled people to use. And the black color makes it special on the road. Besides, taxi drivers play an important part in your travel. They have to pass a taxi driving test, and in London it is very difficult. As there are many tourists in London, drivers must know many roads by memory! Apart from(除此之外) driving you to your destination, it is normal for the driver and the passenger to have a conversation. A taxi is a social space which the driver and you share. The image of a London taxi driver is one that is friendly and talkative. Every time I take a taxi, I ask how the driver is. Then we usually talk about sports or news events. 36. A London taxi has plenty of room in the back, so . A. it is an ordinary car B. it is easy for disabled people to use C. the taxi driver is talkative D. the taxi driver can drive faster 37. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A. taxi shape B. taxi style C. taxi drivers D. taxi conversation 38. In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word ＂destination＂ means in Chinese. A. 地点 B. 目的地 C. 居住地 D. 地区 39. What do the drivers usually talk about with the travellers? A. only sports B. only new events C. ages and hobbies D. sports or news events 40. According to the passage, we can infer it’s for tourists to take a taxi in London. A. dangerous B. difficult C. comfortable B. boring 【文章大意】本文讲述的是伦敦的出租车，它与大本钟、摩天轮、红色电话亭齐名。它 特殊是因为：它易于残疾人使用，伦敦的出租车司机经过了严格的考试，而且友好、健谈等。 36.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】细节理解题。由第二段第四、第五句＂It has plenty of room in the back. That means it’s easy for disabled people to use.＂可知伦敦的出租车后部空间大，易于残疾人使 用。故选 B。 37.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】主旨大意题。由该段第一句＂Besides, taxi drivers play an important part in your travel.＂可知本段主要谈论的是出租车司机。故选 C。 38.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句＂Apart from(除此之外) driving you to your destination, it is normal for the driver and the passenger to have a conversation.＂(除了要把 你带到你的 destination 之外，司机和乘客交谈是很普通的事。)，并结合常识可以推测出 出租车司机要把乘客载到目的地，因此 destination 表示目的地。故选 B。 39.【参考答案】D 【试题解析】细节理解题。由短文最后一句＂Then we usually talk about sports or news events.＂可知出租车司机经常和乘客谈论新闻或体育，故选 D。 40.【参考答案】C 【试题解析】推理判断题。根据短文最后一段可知，伦敦的出租车司机友好、健谈，因 此坐出租车会感到舒服。故选 C。 A(2016 届重庆江津中学校九年级上学期第三次月考) Working on a team is a good thing. But it can bring you some troubles. If people on your team are not good at communicating, you may often feel terrible. To create a successful team, good communication is the most necessary part for both team members and the leader. The following are some helpful suggestions. Don’t criticize other people. When someone on your team does something wrong, don’t criticize him. You can help him to find out reasons and then help him to solve the problem. Criticizing your team members too often may make them keep away from you. As a result, you may feel lonely. Think about other people’s ideas carefully. When someone tells you about his ideas, you should think about them carefully, no matter how silly they may seem. This shows you are interested in his ideas and makes him feel good. Listen to other people actively. When someone is speaking to you, you need to listen to him actively. If you’re unclear about something, you should ask him about it. By doing this you can clear up any confusion(困惑) before moving on. Share your ideas with other people. When you have a new idea, talk about it with your team members. This helps to improve the idea. Besides this, it also helps to improve your relationships between you and your team members. 1. For team members and the leader, is the most necessary part to create a successful team. A. communicating well B. dealing with criticism C. sharing ideas D. listening to others 2. If you criticize your team members too often, they will . A. feel lonely B. keep away from you C. be afraid of you D. correct their mistakes 3. If Lisa tells you about her idea, but you think her idea is foolish, you should . A. get angry and criticize her B. think about her idea carefully C. explain to her why her idea is silly D. forget her silly idea and laugh at her 4. The best title of the passage may be ＂ ＂. A. Criticize Others or Not B. Share Ideas with Others C. Learn to Listen to Others D. Work Well on a Team B(北京大学附属中学河南分校 2016 届九年级 3 月月考) Pollution Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution(污染). Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and polluted our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog(烟雾). Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air. We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. 5. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _______. A. there were not any modern machines B. there was no modern medicine C. both A and B D. there were not many people 6. What is the biggest problem in today’s life? A. Water pollution B. Air pollution C. Noise D. Pollution 7. The most serious kind of pollution is ________. A. noise pollution B. air pollution C. water pollution D. A, B and C 8. Factories must clean their water ________. A. before they are thrown away B. when they are thrown away C. after it is thrown away D. before it is thrown away 9. From the passage we know that ________. A. a few years ago, there was no smog at all B. today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice C. we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes D. people are making rules in order to fight pollution A 【文章大意】这篇短文主要是为创立一个成功的团队提出一些建议：一是不要批评别人， 二是认真思考别人的观点，三是要善于倾听，四是要和别人分享你的观点。 1.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据＂To create a successful team, good communication is the most necessary part for both team members and the leader.＂可知，良好的沟通是创立一个成功 的团队最重要的部分。结合选项可知应选 A。 2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Criticizing your team members too often may make them keep away from you.＂可知，过多批评队员会让别人远离你。结合选项可知应选 B。 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据＂When someone tells you about his ideas, you should think about them carefully, no matter how silly they may seem.＂可知，即使你认为别人的观点是愚蠢 的，也应该仔细考虑。结合选项可知应选 B。 4.D 【解析】标题归纳题。通读文章可知，文章主要是为创立一个良好的团队提出一些有效 的建议，即如何进行好的团队合作。结合选项可知应选 D。 B 【文章大意】本文主要介绍现代生活带来了污染，包括空气污染、噪音污染、水污染等， 并介绍了一些能够保护环境的方法。 5.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段后两句可知他们的生活比现在难得多的原因是他们没 有现代工具，当时也没有现代工具。故选 C。 6.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂One of the biggest is pollution(污染).＂可知四个选项中污染 是最大的问题。 7.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.＂可知空气 污染是最严重的污染。 8.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.＂可知 D 项正确。 9.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据＂Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.＂可知 人们正在制定法律来对抗污染。其余三项与文章内容不符。 A You are visiting the Eiffel Tower in France, but the next second you are in Thailand. Then, suddenly you may have dinner with Barack Obama in America. But you are not dreaming. This is what might happen in the near future. With the help of virtual reality (VR, 虚拟现实) technology, a lot of changes are taking place in our life. VR is a computer technology that makes an environment and allows users to see and even interact( 互 动 ) with it. Just wear a pair of VR glasses joined to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of your room. ＂The most interesting part of VR is that it offers an immersive (身临其境的) experience,＂ said Wang Bing, leader of the Chinese entertainment company Funshow.＂That’s why VR movies are popular among users. You become a part of the story.＂According to the Report on Chinese VR Users’ Behavior last month, over 960,000 people in China have bought VR products and 83.2 percent of them have watched VR movies. VR can also be used in some other ways. It can help to train workers before they have to work in highly dangerous environments. VR also helps patients with acrophobia ( 恐 高症 ) by making them think they are standing on the top of a tall building. However, VR technology still has a long way to go. Users report feeling sick while wearing VR glasses. Maybe it could take a period of time for VR to be widely used around the world. 1. With a pair of VR ________, users can experience many things at home. A. eyes B. shoes C. glasses D. ears 2. VR movies are very popular because they make the users _________. A. become much healthier B. stand on the top of a tall building C. become a part of the story D. work in dangerous environments 3. To be widely used, VR glasses must solve the problem of _________. A. making people feel sick B. providing an unreal environment C. costing too much money D. taking a long time to join to the computer 4. The best title of the passage may be ＂________ ＂. A. Traveling with VR B. VR Changes Our Life C. VR Movies Get Popular D. VR Needs to Be Developed B Swimming and English Learning Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the best way is to go into the water and learn. I’m afraid you’ll never learn to swim just by reading books about swimming or looking at others swimming. It’s the same with the English study. We must practice, practice and practice. Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. We can listen to English programs on radio. You may just understand a few words. It doesn’t matter. Just be relaxed, and try to catch every word. Somebody may be a good listener, but he is afraid to speak because he’s afraid of making mistakes. You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese. Don’t be afraid. We must be brave. If you really want to learn English well, you must try to speak with everyone as long as he knows English. When there’s nobody to talk with, you can talk to yourself in English. It’s interesting and also a good way to practice your spoken English. Remember, the more you speak, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. Reading and writing are more important for senior school students. We must choose the books we’re interested in. A lot of reading will improve your language sense. This is very important. It’s easier said than done. Well, let’s do more practice from now on. I’m sure you’ll learn English well in this way. 5. You can learn to swim by _________. A. reading books about swimming B. looking at others swimming C. having lessons on it D. going into the river and learning 6. We should learn English by _________. A. listening and speaking B. reading and writing C. A and B D. swimming 7. What will you do with mistakes when you speak? A. Don’t make mistakes. B. Study hard. C. Try not to speak English. D. Don’t be afraid. 8. What is more important for senior school students? A. Listening. B. Speaking. C. Reading and writing. D. Learning. 9. We can listen to English _________, according to the passage. A. by train B. on the radio C. every minute D. now and then A 【文章大意】本文介绍了 VR 技术的应用及其神奇之处，也指出了其不足——戴 VR 眼 镜时不舒服。 1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句＂Just wear a pair of VR glasses joined to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of your room.＂可知应 该是使用 VR 眼镜。故选 C。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据＂The most interesting part of VR is that it offers an immersive (身 临其境的) experience,＂和＂You become a part of the story.＂可知 VR 电影很受欢迎是因 为它们使用户身临其境，仿佛成了故事中的一员。故选 C。 3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知 VR 眼镜会使人感觉不舒服，因此必须解 决这个问题，VR 才能广受欢迎。 4.B 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了 VR 技术及其应用，第一段中的＂With the help of virtual reality (VR, 虚拟现实) technology, a lot of changes are taking place in our life.＂是 文章的主旨，因此 B 项(VR 改变了我们的生活)作为标题最佳。 B 【文章大意】你会游泳吗？学游泳的最佳方法是下水学。英语学习也是如此，我们要不 断练习才能学好英语。 5.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据＂I think the best way is to go into the water and learn.＂可知选 D。 6.C【解析】推理判断题。根据＂Listening and speaking are very important for beginners.＂ 和＂Reading and writing are more important for senior school students.＂可知 C 项正 确。 7.D【解析】细节理解题。根据＂You know we sometimes make mistakes when we speak Chinese. Don’t be afraid. We must be brave.＂可知说英语时如果出现了错误，不要害怕，故选 D。 8.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Reading and writing are more important for senior school students.＂可知 C 项正确。 9.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据＂We can listen to English programs on radio.＂可知我们可以 听英语广播。 1. 邻居家有只二哈，今天早上我 在它吃狗 粮时吓了它一下。晚 上时门没关好，二哈悄悄潜了进 来，蹲在饭桌下。等我坐下吃饭 时，二哈＂嗖＂地从饭桌下窜了出来，吓得我差点把饭碗扔了。 2. 学校一群舍友去食堂吃饭。第一个说： ＂一份排骨，一份米饭。＂ 第二个说：＂阿姨， 给我来一份和前面那个二货一样的。＂第三个说：＂我也要和那两个二货一样的饭。＂到 我了，还没开口，阿姨就问：＂你也要二货套餐吗？＂ 3. 有天跟老妈看电视，一 时兴起问了句：＂妈，你觉得我帅吗？＂ 老人家把眼睛从电视 上移开，一脸严肃地看着我，叹了口气， 道：＂我觉得这辈子最 对不起你的就是这事儿了！＂ ★题型概述 任务型阅读理解是中考必考题型之一，出题形式多样，常见题型有：根 据短文内容来回答问题、还原句子、完成表格、判断正误和综合任务等。 ★解题过程 阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息 输出)。 ★解题技巧 一、明确阅读任务。明确所给的任务，带着任务去阅读材料。 二、读全文，了解大意。了解文章主要内容、文章感情基调、作者的意 图态度。 三、读细节，逐题攻克。寻找细节，从原文找答案。精读细节，理解深 层含义。 四、通读全文，仔细检查。 典例一 (2015 • 江西) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出五个填入文中空白处。 其中有两项为多余选项。 76 Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture. But where did this strange speaking-singing style come from? Many centuries ago, in West Africa, traditional storytellers played musical instruments while they were telling stories. When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles. For example, blues and jazz. 77 And in the 1970s, there were many poor areas in New York. There wasn’t any money for music lessons in schools, so kids made their own music. Teenagers Afrika and DJ Here played their records outside in the streets. Everybody joined in. MCs had rapping（说唱） competitions. Every week, there were talented new dancers, new DJs and new MCs. Hip-hop culture was born. 78 It was 1980. I was at a party in New York. There was a young DJ at the party. He was playing records. While he was putting a record on, a kid picked up a microphone（话筒） and began tapping. Some other kids were break-dancing to the music. It was loud and boring, and I hated it. I preferred jazz. 79 Today’s successful American artists like Missy and her friend Tim heard it on the radio when they were growing up. The last time I heard hip-hop, I was in West Africa. 80 I was going to interview a traditional storyteller when I met a young hip-hop artist. He told me there are hundreds of rap groups in Africa today. We live on a hip-hop planet. A. I remember the first time I heard hip-hop. B. You can find hip-hop everywhere you go. C. I was writing a book about African-Americans. D. Many Americans gave music lessons to poor children. E. These styles all started in poor African-American areas. F. During the 1980s, hip-hop became popular all over the USA. G. Some people don’t like hip-hop because of its spoken words. 【文章大意】本文讲述的是嘻哈文化的历史和作者第一次听嘻哈乐的经历。 76. 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】从后句＂像法国、巴西甚至日本都有自己的嘻哈文化＂可知选 B。 77. 【参考答案】E 【试题解析】由前句可推测这里讲述的是嘻哈文化传播的途径及方式。故选 E。 78. 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由后句可知，这里讲述的是第一次听嘻哈乐的经历。故选 A。 79. 【参考答案】F 【试题解析】由后句可知此处讲述的是嘻哈的流行度。故选 F。 80. 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】由上下文可知此处是说作者自己正在做的事。故选 C。 典例二 （2015 • 山西）根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Shopping online is popular now. Recently, Sanoma Media did a survey on buying electronic products online. 3673 people from six Europe countries took part in the survey. The result shows it is interesting that most of the people are men, and 95 percent(百分之……) of the people often buy the electronic products online. You can draw a conclusion（结论） that most of men like buying electronic products. The following are all these people’s background details. 71. Among the 3673 people, why do you think most of them are men? _______________________________________________________________________________ 72. In total, what percent of people are married? _______________________________________________________________________________ 73. As for work situation, what do 7% and 9% refer to（指）? _______________________________________________________________________________ 74. According to the charts, what conclusion about the relationship between education and income can you probably draw? _______________________________________________________________________________ 75. Who likes shopping online around you? What does he or she think of it? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【文章大意】本文主要讲了一个关于网上购物的调查。 71.【参考答案】Because most of men like buying electronic products (online). 72.【参考答案】73%. 【试题解析】由图片中的信息 Married with children 48%和 Married without children 25% 可知答案。 73.【参考答案】7% refers to studying and 9% refers to government. 74.【参考答案】I can draw a conclusion that the higher education the people get, the higher income they get. 【试题解析】根据图片中教育和收入的相关信息可推知，收入水平和教育水平呈正相关。 75.【参考答案】My mother likes shopping online. （答案不唯一，符合题意即可。） 典例三 （2015 • 黄冈） Recently the students in our school all take part in sports. They fall into three groups. The students who put much more stress on their study go to the playground. They just want to go back to their classrooms with a clearer and quicker mind. Most of them choose long-distance running. So they can be well regarded as study-oriented (倾向的) sports participants (参加者). The students in the second group are real sports lovers. They put aside their studies for a match. They join in the sport that interests them most. They may be called fun-oriented sports participants. The students in the third group want beauty from sports. Boys want to become strong; girls want to be slim and graceful. They are very careful in choosing the kind of exercise they do, and are afraid that certain sports may influence their body shapes. They may be beauty-oriented sports participants. Now, if you look around the school yard, you can’t find the bookworms (书呆子) any more, and instead, there are healthy, strong, clever and modernized students everywhere. 阅读上面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中的信息。 Participants in our school Groups Which sport to choose Why to do sports Study-oriented sports participants 68. _________ They want to have a clearer and quicker mind. 69. __________ Interesting sports They want to put aside their studies for a match. Beauty-oriented sports participants The exercise that doesn’t influence their body shapes Boys want to become strong; girls want to 70. . Result The healthy, strong, clever and modernized students are everywhere, and the bookworms 71. . 【文章大意】学校根据学生的特点，把学生分成三个组参加运动：学习压力较大的学生 被分在学习倾向运动队；运动爱好者被分在兴趣倾向运动队；为健康而运动的被分在美丽倾 向运动队。通过这种方式，校园里到处是健康、强壮、聪明的学生。 68. 【参考答案】Long-distance running 【试题解析】由第二段中的＂Most of them choose long-distance running.＂可知，学习倾 向型运动队主要选择的是长跑。 69. 【参考答案】Fun-oriented participants 【试题解析】由第三段中的＂They may be called fun-oriented sports participants.＂可知 填 Fun-oriented participants。 70. 【参考答案】be slim and graceful 【试题解析】由第四段中的＂Boys want to become strong; girls want to be slim and graceful.＂可知女孩想要的是＂苗条、优雅＂。 71. 【参考答案】have disappeared (答案不唯一，符合题意即可。) 【试题解析】由最后一段中的＂there are healthy… students everywhere＂可知答案。 典例四 (2015 • 河北) Many people believe that yellowing and wetness are the greatest enemy of stamps. In fact, stamps are afraid of not only wetness, but also light and dirty things. People protect their stamps in several different ways. To protect stamps, we should never touch the stamps with our hands. This avoids moving dirty things onto them. Stamp tweezers (镊子) should be used in all conditions. Stamps are printed things. The color will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. So we should not put stamps in the light for long. Direct sunlight must be avoided as well. Wetness is an important problem for stamps. Some collectors will put stamps in separate plastic (塑料) bags. However, it is possible that some stamps have taken in some water from the air before they are put into the plastic bags. Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. To protect the stamps, some people also put the stamps into a special room which has a machine to keep the air cool and dry. However, not many people can afford that. To keep stamps, stamp collectors usually put them under plastic covers. It is a common and simple way. This helps because the plastic cover keeps the stamps off the wet air. It also stops the fingers from touching the stamps. Some collectors prefer to store stamps inside a plastic box with desiccants (干燥剂). However, we should take care not to let the stamps touch the desiccants. On top of that, don’t take your stamps out on a wet day. 71 题完成句子；72—73 题简略回答问题；74 题找出并写下全文的主题句；75 题将文中 画线句子译成汉语。 71. One way to protect stamps is that we should never touch them ___________________________. 72. What will disappear if we put the stamps in the light for long? _____________________________________________________________________________ __ 73. When do stamps become yellow easily and rapidly? _____________________________________________________________________________ __ 74. ______________________________________________________________________________ 75. ______________________________________________________________________________ 【文章大意】本文叙述了如何保存邮票，邮票是印刷品，我们不能用手去摸，不能放在 阳光下太长时间，应该放在空气比较干燥的地方。 71.【参考答案】with our hands 【试题解析】由 To protect stamps, we should never touch the stamps with our hands.可知答 案。 72.【参考答案】The colour /Colour /The color /Color. 【试题解析】由 The colour will slowly disappear if the stamps are put in the light for a long time. 可知答案。 73.【参考答案】After they take in wet air. 【试题解析】由 Stamps become yellow easily and rapidly after they take in wet air. 可知答 案。 74.【参考答案】People protect their stamps in several different ways. 75.【参考答案】为了保存邮票，集邮者（们）通常把它们（邮票）放在塑料封面下（边）。 典例五 (2015 • 成都)根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的填 A，错误的填 B。 We are collecting more news for our school English newspaper. Would you like to be reporters for it? Welcome! Here are two pieces from the news page. The Best Runner We had a sports day at school yesterday. Last year’s best runner, Li Yu, only won the second prize in the 800-meter race. Instead, Yang Liu from Class 2 came first by two seconds. Next year the race is going to be more Interesting! Who will be the best runner? Iwonder. Goodbye, Mr. White! Our English teacher, Mr. White, has finished his two years’ teaching at our school and will leave next month. Mr. White is an excellent teacher and he’s always friendly to us. We’ll never forget his lively and interesting teaching. We are lucky to be his students. We thank him for all his hard work and wish him a nice journey home. We will miss you, Mr.White! 71. You are welcome to be reporters for our school English newspaper. 72. Li Yu won the second prize in the 800-meter race yesterday. 73. Yang Liu was the best runner last year. 74. Mr. White will teach us English for two years at our school. 75. We’ll always remember Mr. White’s lively and interesting teaching. 【文章大意】本文介绍了两则新闻。第一则新闻介绍了昨天的运动会，去年的最好赛跑 运动员李玉在 800 米赛跑中获得二等奖。第二则新闻介绍了我们的英语老师怀特先生在我们 学校已经教了两年，下个月将要离开。 71.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由第一段中的 Would you like to be reporters for it?可知此表述正确。 72.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由 Last year’s best runner, Li Yu, only won the second prize in the 800-meter race. 可知此表述正确。 73.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】由 Last year’s best runner, Li Yu 可知此表述错误。 74.【参考答案】B 【试题解析】由 Our English teacher, Mr. White, has finished his two years’ teaching at our school and will leave next month. 可知此表述错误。 75.【参考答案】A 【试题解析】由 We’ll never forget his lively and interesting teaching.可知此表述正确。 A(2015 • 北京市海淀区中考二模) 根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用 一次。 Great white sharks have become well known in a bad way, for being scary. 1 . However, you are more likely to be hit by lightning than attacked by a great white shark. One reason why people don’t like great white sharks is that they are huge. They grow to be nearly 21 feet long and can weigh up to 5,000 pounds. That is about two cars long! But the size is not typical. Most great whites are smaller, about 10 to 15 feet long. 2 . Great whites are called apex predators（捕食者）because they are at the top of the food chain. They have no predators and aren’t that picky about what they eat. Great whites are known to eat fish, squid, other sharks, otters, turtles, dolphins, whales, seals, and sea lions. 3 . Great whites also eat carrion, which is the remains of dead animals floating（漂浮）in the water. 4 . They have 3,000 teeth, and each is up to 3 inches long! Their very sharp teeth are shaped like triangles and have rough edges that tear into things. Great whites don’t even chew their food. They just swallow it down. 5 . But, like other sharks, great whites don’t intentionally（主动地）eat or attack humans. So swim without fear. A. That’s still longer than one car, though B. Those last two kinds are their favourite food C. Movies and popular stories make them scary D. A big meal can satisfy a great white shark for about two months E. Another reason why people fear great whites is their frightening teeth B(2016 • 上海上南地区六校九年级 12 月月考) 根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Each and every year, during Chongyang Festival, citizens of China celebrate the elders in their families and communities. It’s a special tradition which is rooted in the deep value that Chinese culture places on honoring their elders. Sadly, many of our aging population are seniors without sons, daughters or grandchildren to visit. While they may have great friends, they no doubt miss the tender and loving relationships unique to families. To fill this void（空虚）, many volunteers turned up on October 28 at nursing homes around the country in order to spend time with the residents. In some cases, they performed humble（谦逊的） gestures of kindness, such as combing their hair or washing their feet. While the kind acts were appreciated, one embarrassing story out of Anhui province raised a valuable question. Reportedly, one old gentleman had his feet washed seven times during the day by different volunteers. Is this genuinely（真诚地）caring for the elderly? Many of the residents at the home said that those gestures do not make them feel cared for at all. Their family members or community volunteers may drop by for a few hours of token time, but soon they disappear back into their busy lives. There is nothing we can give that is more valuable or appreciated than our time. While you may feel like there is barely enough time to care for your many responsibilities, might it be possible to spare just a moment as you walk home from school to sit with a senior who lives in your community? Just five minutes is not going to prevent you from getting your homework done, but it may totally change a day of loneliness into a day of joy for one old man or woman. Do you live far from your grandparents? Why not pick up the phone and let them know you’re thinking of them? Or maybe you could remind them of the ＂good old days＂ and mail them a short letter. Imagine their surprise and joy! We live in a complicated（复杂的） and busy world, but kindness and caring is still a very simple thing. 6. People in China celebrate the elders at Chongyang Festival, don’t they? _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Who appeared at nursing homes to spend time with the residents? _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. How many times did one old gentleman have his feet washed during the day? _______________________________________________________________________________ 9. Which gestures can make elders feel cared for? _______________________________________________________________________________ 10. What did the family members of the residents at the home do? _______________________________________________________________________________ 11. Have you been to any nursing homes before? What did you do for the residents there? If you haven’t, please tell us what you did for the elders around you in the past. _______________________________________________________________________________ A 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了大白鲨的一些特征和生活习性。 1.C【解析】由前句和后句句意可知此处是说，一些电影和故事使人们认为大白鲨很可怕。 2.A【解析】由前句句意可知选 A（然而那仍然比一辆车更长）。 3.B【解析】由前句句意可知选 B（那最后的两种是他们最喜欢的食物）。 4.E【解析】由后句句意可知选 E（人们害怕大白鲨的另一个原因是他们可怕的牙齿）。 5.D【解析】由前两句可知选 D（一顿大餐可以让一条大白鲨满足大约两个月）。 B 【文章大意】本篇文章介绍了重阳节是老人们的节日。我们可以为老人们做些什么事情。 虽然我们生活在一个复杂的和忙碌的世界，但是善良和爱心仍然是一个很简单的事。 6.【答案】Yes, they do. 【解析】由文章第一句可知中国人在重阳节庆祝老人们。 7.【答案】Many volunteers. 【解析】由第二段的第三句可知为了填补这一空虚，许多志愿者在 10 月 28 日出现在疗养 院，目的是与老人度过这一段时光。 8.【答案】7 times. 【解析】由第三段中的 Reportedly, one old gentleman had his feet washed seven times during the day by different volunteers 可知答案。 9.【答案】To sit with a senior who lives in your community. 【解析】由文中的 to sit with a senior who lives in your community 可知答案。 10.【答案】Their family members may drop by for a few hours of token time. 【解析】由第三段的最后一句可知他们的家庭成员或社区志愿者可能腾出几个小时的时 间，但很快就消失在他们忙碌的生活中。 11.【答案】Yes, I have. I performed for them and told funny stories to them. /No, I haven’t. I helped the elders do some cleaning in the past. 【解析】句意：你以前去过护理院吗？你为老人做过些什么？如果没做过，告诉我们在 过去你为周围的老人们做过什么？（任何合理的答案均可。） A Students in the US don’t begin their spring break at the same time. It depends on where they live. While students from one town are on vacation, their neighbors in the next town may have classes as usual. You may have heard of it from many hit US TV shows and movies. It’s usually in the middle of March, when characters on shows like Gossip Girl get a week off from classes, go to the beach and throw big parties. It’s spring break or＂party time＂! Unlike our semester, which starts in late February or early March this year, American schools begin as early as January. So in late March and April, most American schools, ranging from kindergartens to colleges, give students one to two weeks off school. College students often take planes to places like Florida or Cancun, Mexico. They relax on the beach, enjoy cold drinks and get a tan. Younger kids take trips with their parents, visiting a new state or even a new country. Sometimes teachers lead overseas trips for groups of students. On a ten-day trip, for example, students may go on a tour through Spain, France, and Italy, which gives them a great chance to see different parts of the world. Having a ＂staycation＂, which means being a tourist in your own city, is another popular trend (趋势). You can visit local art galleries (美术馆), museums or have a big meal in a nice restaurant. For those who are not in the mood to go out, spring break is a good time to catch up with hit TV series or play video games. There are also students who want a different kind of spring break experience. Instead of partying, they choose to do community service, help with disaster-hit areas and do other volunteering work. No matter how they’ve spent the break, one thing is for sure — students return to school feeling refreshed (恢复活力的) and ready to finish the school year. 1. Students in the US begin their spring break at a different time, don’t they? 2. How long does the spring break usually last? 3. Where do college students often go during the spring break? 4. What’s the advantage of having a spring break? 5. If you are given the spring break, how will you spend it? Why? B Tony loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the next year. 6 and he was thrown three meters into the air. Tony woke up in a hospital room. When the doctor told him that both his legs were broken, he knew his college basketball dreams were over. 7 , but it didn’t work. After he left the hospital, Tony was sent to a health center. A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny Chen. Sunny used to be a coach. His legs were hurt badly in a skating accident. 8 , Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns. It was an on-wheelchair basketball team, because everybody on the team played from a wheelchair. 9 . Tony played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself. After becoming a part of the Suns，Tony improved quickly. 10 . Tony was much better than before. When Tony became sad or angry, Sunny was there to be with him. The day 记得答案要 简洁哦！ before Tony left the center, he had dinner with Sunny. He asked Sunny how he could be so happy, even with his broken legs. Sunny smiled and said, ＂It’s really quite easy. When you keep your face to the sun, the shadows fall behind.＂ A. Tony did what the doctors told him B. Suddenly a car hit him C. Basketball was like medicine for him D. Though he couldn’t move his legs E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game A 【文章大意】本文讲述了美国学生春假的情况，主要介绍了他们春假期间的活动。 1.【答案】Yes, they do. 【解析】由文章第一句可知答案。 2.【答案】For one to two weeks. 【解析】由第三段的最后一句可知，美国大多数学校会给学生一到两个星期的假。 3.【答案】They often go to places like Florida and Cancun. 【解析】由第四段的第一句可知答案。 4.【答案】Students feel refreshed and ready to finish the school year when they return to school. 【解析】由最后一段内容可知答案。 5.【答案】I will fly to the places like Florida because I want to enjoy the beach and sunshine. 【解析】根据文中学生们的活动回答即可。(任何合理的答案均可。) B 【文章大意】一辆车撞了 Tony，他双腿骨折，很难过。在 Sunny 的鼓励下，Tony 重新 变得阳光起来。 6. B【解析】根据 he was thrown three meters into the air 可知选 B（突然一辆车撞了他）。 7. A【解析】根据 but it didn’t work 和上下文可知选 A（Tony 做了医生告诉他的事情）。 8. D【解析】根据 Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns. 可知选 D（虽然 他不能动他的腿）。 9. E【解析】根据 Tony played badly 可知选 E（Sunny 邀请 Tony 参加这次比赛）。 10. C【解析】根据 Tony was much better than before.和上下文可知选 C（篮球就像他的药）。 Sleeping pills Bob was having trouble getting to sleep at night. He went to see his doctor, who prescribed some extra-strong sleeping pills. Sunday night Bob took the pills, slept well and was awake before he heard the alarm. He took his time getting to the office, strolled in and said to his boss: ＂I didn’t have a bit of trouble getting up this morning.＂ ＂That’s fine,＂ roared the boss, ＂but where were you Monday and Tuesday?＂ 考点分析 试题分析及预测 词汇是学习英语的基础，也是中 考的高频考点之一。近几年来， 许多省市的中考英语都非常重 视考查考生在具体语境中运用 词汇的能力。 1. 命题特点：主要考查一些高频词汇(如名词、动词、形容词等)；考 查各类词形变化；考查六种时态的正确运用。 2. 考查题型：(1)根据汉语提示完成句子；(2)用所给词的适当形式填 空；(3)根据首字母提示完成句子；(4)选词填空。 3. 预计 2016 年中考将会加大对各类词汇的灵活运用及单词拼写能力 的考查。 根据汉语提示完成句子。 典例一 (2015·天津) 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。 71. 如果人们遇上麻烦，我们应当帮助他们。 If people are ________ ________, we should help them. 72. 你不在家时，我会照顾孩子们。 While you are not at home, I’ll________ ________ the children. 73. 那家工厂五年前关闭了。 That factory ________ ________ five years ago. 74. 我可以参加这个讨论吗？ May I ________ ________ the discussion? 75. 每周末我都和妈妈出去吃饭。 I ________ ________ for a meal with my mother every weekend. 【参考答案】71. in trouble 72. look after 73. closed down 74. join in 75. go out 典例二 (2015·陕西)根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 1. 我爷爷七十岁了，但看起来依然帅气。 My grandfather is 70, but he still . 2. 我们每年三月植树。 We plant trees every year. 3. 如果你不知道事实，请保持沉默。 If you don’t know the truth, please keep . 4. 请访问我们的网站来购买特别的礼物。 Please visit our website to . 5. 多么有用的词典啊！ What they are! 【参考答案】1. looks handsome/cool/smart 2. in March 3. silent/quiet 4. buy(get) a special gift(present)/special gifts(presents) 5. uesful dictionaries 典例三 (2015·广州)根据所给的内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词) 71. 现在越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣了。 Now more and more foreigners______ ______ ______ Chinese culture. 72. 根据奶奶的建议，这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。 The soup______ ______ ______ for more than two hours according to Grandma’s advice. 73. 我桌子上的钥匙不见了，不知谁拿走了。 The key on my desk is gone. I wonder______ ______ it away. 74. 这部电影真乏味啊！我都快睡着了。 ______ ______ ______ movie it was! I almost fell asleep. 75. 如果你现在不出发，你就会错过末班车。 ______ you don’t leave now, you______ ______ the final bus. 【参考答案】71. are/become/get interested in 72. should be cooked 73. who took 74. What a boring 75. If; will miss 典例四 (2015·黄冈)阅读下列各小题，根据汉语及句末括号内的动词提示，用相关的动 词短语完成句子(每空最多四个词)。 77. 你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗？ Do you think we teenagers should the Internet?(keep) 78. 你和你的家人相处得怎样？ How are you your family?(get) 79. 一收到妈妈的来信，她就立刻启程回家。 She will set off for home at once as soon as she her mother.(hear) 80. 习近平同志要求我们每个党员都要严格要求自己。 Mr. Xi asks each of us Party members ourselves.(be) 81. 谢谢你用小汽车搭载了我一程。 Thank you for in your car.(give) 82. 上周参观了博物馆后，我为中国的发明感到自豪。 I Chinese inventions after visiting the museum last week.(take) 83. 他已经想出了许多解决这些问题的方法。 He many different ideas to solve these problems already.(come) 84. 通往北京的火车票半小时前就卖光了。 Train tickets to Beijing half an hour ago.(sell) 【参考答案】77. keep away from 78. getting along/on with 79. hears from 80. to be strict with 81. giving me a lift 82. took pride in 83. has come up with 84. were sold out 典例五 (2015·青岛)根据句意和所给汉语，完成句子。每空一词。 1. My uncle has taught (自己) French since the year before last. 2. We have nothing (反对) running. 3. In the famous competition, (获胜者) always get very good prizes. 4. Town Cinema has the (最差的) service in our city. 5. You will not make progress (除非) you study hard. 6. When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help (礼貌地). 【参考答案】1. himself 2. against 3. winners 4. worst/poorest 5. unless 6. politely 1. 做此类题目首先要正确写出所给汉语提示所对应的英语词汇。 2. 若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思，则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。 3. 然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词，就要注意用名词的单数还 是复数；若填写的是形容词、副词，就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式；如果 是动词，就要注意它们的时态、语态等。 用所给词的适当形式填空。 典例一 (2015·上海)Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括 号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词) 54. Some people like reading on WeChat, but ______ don’t. (other) 55. Cut the strawberries into pieces and put ______ into the yogurt. (they) 56. The day was ______ , but the sun was trying to come through. (cloud) 57. I’m thankful to the teacher for her ______ on my interview. (suggest) 58. It’s our responsibility to make the sky ______ than before. (clear) 59. Education is one of the most powerful ways to ______ one’s mind. (rich) 60. I think it’s ______ to judge a person before you really know him. (fair) 61. _______ , the famous temple was not damaged in the earthquake. (luck) 【参考答案】54. others 55. them 56. cloudy 57. Suggestion(s) 58. clearer 59. enrich 60. unfair 61. Luckily 典例二 (2015·云南)根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 66. Mother is my first teacher. She teaches ______ a lot about life. (I) 67. The little girl is running after a butterfly ______ in the garden. (happy) 68. No pains, no gains. Without ______ hard, no one can achieve success in life. (work) 69. Soccer is played by so many people all over the world, but only a few ______ are truly great. (play) 70. The overseas Chinese in Yeman got ______ when they saw Chinese soldiers coming to help them. (excite) 【参考答案】66. me 67. happily 68. working 69. players 70. excited 典例三 (2015·南京)根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. —I really like your bike. Is it expensive? —I don’t know how much it is. It’s my ________ (uncle) . 2. We think Samuel is the most suitable person to be our monitor because he does everything very ________ (careful). 3. Citizens can enjoy ________ (read) thousands of volumes of electronic books online with the first ＂WeChat library＂ in Jianye Library, Nanjing. 4. We need to make more young people ________ (learn) Shadow Play so that it won’t disappear in China. 5. With the ________(develop) of technology, the journey to Mars might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft in the future. 【参考答案】1. uncle’s 2. carefully 3. reading 4. learn 5. development 典例四 (2015·兰州)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 91. Lao She was a great ________ (write) and he’s especially famous for his play, Teahouse. 92. Would you mind ________ (take) out the trash, Jerry? 93. The girl is going to repair the bike by ________ (she). 94. Although he lives on the ________ (twelve) floor, he seldom uses the lift. 95. He ________ (not come) yet. What do you think has happened to him? 96. This ________ (wood) bridge was built more than 20 years ago. 97. Mom couldn’t stand the mess in my room, so she asked me ________ (clean) it right now. 98. The road to ________ (successful) is never straight. 99. The water ________ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercises. 100. He’d like to get some suggestions on how to learn ________ (wise) and well. 【参考答案】91. writer 92. taking93. herself 94. twelfth 95. hasn’t come 96. Wooden 97. to clean 98. success 99. felt 100. wisely 解答此类题目，应重点从语法角度考虑： 1. 名词：一般应考虑名词的单、复数形式和所有格形式。 2. 形容词或副词：这两类词学生极易混淆，做题时应仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪类词； 有时还要考虑到形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的变化。 3. 动词：首先应考虑动词的语态和时态。动词的变化形式较为复杂，一般有五种，即动词 原型、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。 4. 数词：根据具体语境确定用基数词还是序数词，特别要注意某些序数词的正确拼写。 5. 代词：主要从人称代词(主格或宾格)、物主代词(名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词)和 反身代词等几个方面考虑，有时还要考虑用单数还是用复数。 按照首字母提示完成句子。 典例一 (2015·安徽)根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明 确，语言通顺。 91. It is p_______(礼貌的)to offer seats to the old on the bus. 92. When swimming, you should put s_______(安全)first. 93. The newly-opened museum is certainly w_______(值得)a visit. 94. Could you please l_______(借)me your dictionary? 95. Please accept our best w_______(祝愿)for your exams. 【参考答案】91. polite 92. safety 93. worth 94. lend 95. wishes 典例二 (2015·杭州)根据下列句子及所给的首字母，写出各单词的正确、完全形式。(每空 填一词)。 71. Good morning, boys and g_______. Let’s begin our class. 72. I’m a_______ of snakes because I think they are dangerous. 73. I’m going to Tom’s birthday p_______ next Monday. 74.A rose(玫瑰) is a f_______ that has a good smell. 75. Mother w_______ me up at 6 o’clock yesterday morning and told me it was time to get up. 76. Fifty and fifty is one h_______. 77. The telephone was i_______ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876，that is，he was the first person to make the telephone. 78.All the students are studying at school e_______ Tom，who is ill at home. 79.—W_______ bag is this？ —It’s mine. 80. Dr. Naismith d_______ the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play basketball. 【参考答案】71. girls 72. afraid 73. party 74. flower 75.woke 76. hundred 77. invented 78. except 79. Whose 80. divided 1. 读懂句意，确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词，一般多为名词或动词等实词。 2. 瞻前顾后，确定形式。 3. 检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。 选词填空。 典例一 (2015·武汉)仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空， 使每个句子在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。(提示：选项中有一个是多余的) belong to/absent/use/make/humorous/send for 1. If you don’t________ a flash, then it may be OK. 2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom ________dinner. 3. It could be Mei’s hairband. Or it might_________ Linda. They both have long hair. 4. The British teacher is very_________. He always tells us interesting jokes. 5. If you are always _________from class, you will fail the examination. 【参考答案】1. use 2. make 3. belong to 4. humorous 5. absent 典例二 (2015·温州)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 low except nearly handbag interview 1. The Highland Museum is open every day ___________ Monday. 2. The airport is so far. It __________ takes an hour to get there by car. 3. On Emma’s birthday, she got two pretty __________ from Aunt Lee. 4. Today in Tokyo the ____________ temperature is 16℃, and the highest is 28℃. 5. A reporter __________ Mr. President, and they’re talking about the education problems. 【参考答案】1. except 2. nearly 3. handbags 4. lowest 5. is interviewing 1. 认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语、形容词常作 表语或定语、副词作状语等。 2. 认真阅读所给的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性，这 很关键，因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词或短语的重要依据。 3. 根据句意，确定空缺选项在句中作何成分，然后从方框内选出最恰当的单词或短语填入 空格内，最后再从语法角度确定其适当形式。 如何做词汇运用题： 1. 通读全句，确定意思。 2. 根据成分或结构判断词性。 3. 前后兼顾，依据成分及词性对单词形式做适当变化。 4. 全面考虑，不忘大小写。 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。 A(湖北省黄冈市教育网 2016 年中考模拟试题英语 B 卷) 阅读下列各小题，根据汉语及句末括号内的动词提示，用相关的动词短语完成句子(每空最 多不超过四个词)。 1. 青少年应该为祖国变得更加强大而努力学习。(make) Teenagers are supposed to _________________ to study to make our motherland become stronger. 2. 请你给我的父母捎个口信好吗？(take) Could you please _____________________ to my parents? 3. 只要坚持多练习，你的英语一定会提高的。(stick) As long as you _________________ practicing more, your English will get improved. 4. 刘莉长大了想成为什么？(grow) What does Liu Li want to be when she ___________________? 5. 同学们正在为升学考试做准备。(prepare) The class are ______________________ the Entrance Examination now. 6. 上学期，我们参加了学校的大家跳的活动。(take) We ___________________ the activity of All Jumping in our school last term. 7. 我们都已经习惯了陈老师的英语教学方式。(be) We all have ____________________Mr. Chen’s teaching methods of English. 8. 他说他正盼望着今年暑假去海南度假。(look) He said that he _____________________ traveling to Hainan this summer holiday. B(广东省广州市番禹区六校教育教学联合体 2016 届九年级 3 月月考) 1. 在圣诞节那天将举行一个晚会。 An evening party __________ ___________ ____________ on Christmas. 2. 我们想知道什么时候去工作，我们已经等了很久了。 We want to know _________ _________ _________ to work. We have waited for a long time. 3. 味道多难闻啊！请把窗户关了。 _________ __________ it smells! Please close the window. 4. 老师叫我们不要愚弄别人。 Teachers asked us _________ ________ __________ ___________ on others. 5. 为了保持健康，我们要多做运动。 To _________ ________, we should do more sports. 6. 我们应该阻止人们在山里烧东西，太危险了。 We should _________ people from __________ things in the mountain. It’s very dangerous. 7. 因为爱，我们互相帮助。 We help each other _________ __________ love. 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。 A(云南省曲靖市第一中学 2016 届九年级 3 月月考) 根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Would you mind __________ the window? It’s very cold outside. (shut) 2. __________ are very dangerous. We should keep away from them. (wolf) 3. In the __________ part of China there is plenty of snow during the winter season. (north) 4. He has to leave the house early __________ heavy traffic. (avoid) 5. The picture is __________ beautiful. Most people like it. (strange) B(上海市闸北区 2016 届九年级下学期第二次模拟考试) Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形 式完成下列句子。每空限填一词) 1. Ann travelled around Europe for a few _________ .(month) 2. He would rather be poor than get money in such a(n) _________. (honesty) 3. Keep the rules for the public. Be a polite _________. (visit) 4. Michael has a _________ and soft character. (gently) 5. We must find out the _________ to the problem. (solve) 6. It’s important for every one of us to protect the _________ world. (nature) 7. _________ I can’t answer that question you just asked. (possible) 8. All these interesting experiments can _________ our knowledge. (wide) 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。 A(广东省广州市番禹区六校教育教学联合体 2016 届九年级 3 月月考) 1. I didn’t invite Mary to my birthday party, so she was a little a________ with me. 2. My brother has formed a good h________ of keeping a diary in English. 3. House p_______ is getting higher and higher in China and many people cannot buy any house. 4. The fish smells terrible. I don’t think it’s f________. 5. Smoking is h________ to your health. You must give it up. 6. She has a good v________ and she can sing very well. B(浙江省杭州市 2016 年中考模拟二) 根据下列句子及所给首字母，写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。 1. These fresh fruits are h________ to your health. 2. My sister is f_________ years old. Today is her 15th birthday. 3. Don’t stay o_______. It’s cold there, please come in. 4. It’s q________ convenient to travel by high-speed train. 5. Mary says m________ the new words is helpful to English learning. 6. Who is your favorite m________, Beethoven, Mozart or Schubert? 7. Julie is the only c________ in her family, with no brothers or sisters. 8. I’m sorry to have kept you w________ for such a long time. 9. The new book of Mo Yan s_____ well these days. 10.—W_______ phone is it? —I guess it might belong to Edwin. 题型四：选词填空。 (江苏省启东市 2016 届九年级第一次中考适应性调研)请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词， 并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺。 nine care humour we educate 1. For children, nothing is more important than to receive good _______. 2. He walked slowly down ________ Street and then turned left at the second crossing. 3. Grandpa used to tell me ________ stories when I lived with him in the country. 4. Millie and I hid _________ in the kitchen while playing games. 5. You’d better check your answers as _______ as possible after you finish them. 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。 A 【答案】1. make an effort 2. take a message 3. stick to 4. grows up 5. preparing for 6. took part in 7. been used to 8. was looking forward to B 【答案】1. will be held 2. when to go 3. How bad terrible 4. not to play jokes tricks 5. keep fithealthy 6. stop keepprevent; burning 7. because of 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。 A 【答案】1.shutting 2.Wolves 3.northern 4.to avoid 5. strangely B 【答案】1. months 2. dishonest 3. visitor 4. gentle 5. solution 6. natural 7. Possibly 8. widen 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。 A 【答案】1.angry 2. habit 3. price 4. fresh 5. harmful 6. voice B 【答案】1. helpful 2. fifteen 3. outside 4. quite 5. memorizing 6. musician 7. child 8. waiting 9. sells 10. Whose 题型四：选词填空。 【答案】1. education 2. Ninth 3. humorous 4. ourselves 5. carefully 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。 A 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。 1. 医生给你量过体温了吗? Has the doctor _________ your _________ yet? 2. 独自一人在黑暗的森林里，金凤花姑娘摘了一些花。 _________ _________ in the dark forest, Goldilocks picked some flowers. 3. 昨天下午大卫感觉不舒服，很早就回家了。 Yesterday afternoon David _________ _________ and went home early. 4. 从 2008 年起，他开始忍受脚伤带来的痛苦。 From 2008 on, he _________ a lot _________ his foot injury. 5. 太阳及其行星统称为太阳系。 The sun and its planets are called the __________ _________. B 根据句意及括号内所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，每空一词。 1. As we all know, the Silk Road connected China to the West in ______ (古代的) times. 2. Your brother is an ______ (优秀的) basketball player. 3. Early in the ______ (二十) century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. 4. Sometimes we don’t have our PE classes outside because of the bad ______ (天气). 5. Jim ______ (掉落) off a tree yesterday. 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. I think it’s a (use) book. Don’t read it. 2. She would pay for her (week) ticket. 3. This song is (popular). Most of young people don’t know it. 4. He did the (little) of the work, but got the most of the money. 5. Our school is a (mix) one. Boys and girls have lessons together. 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。 A 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。 1.The radio says it’ll be warm and s (晴朗的) tomorrow in Wuhu. 2. There are so many t (观光者) visiting the Fanta Theme Park on weekends. 3. Finally he a (同意) to offer his money to the villagers. 4. It’s a little expensive, but have you got a c (便宜的) one? 5.U (不幸地), she failed to catch the school bus this morning. B 1. —When did you b to study English? —Seven years ago. 2. F in the blanks with the correct words. Then listen again. 3. If you can swim a the river, I’ll be waiting for you on the other side. 4. Tom, your clothes are d . You’d better wash them. 5. I was b in 1998. I’m sixteen now. 6. —What do you want to be in the f ? —I want to become a teacher. 7. A c is a piece of equipment used for taking photographs. 8. The nice dress was bought by my uncle as a birthday p . 9. You’ve d so much wine. You mustn’t drive. 10. He’s poor at spelling. He made a lot of spelling m in his writing. 题型四：选词填空。 阅读下面 5 个句子，然后用方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构和意义上正确。 (提示：选项中有一个是多余的。) made up worried spend grew up compare nervous 1. I used to be _______ about tests all the time. 2. Wait before you buy that watch. Let’s _______ the prices in another store. 3. On Chinese New Year, people like to _______ time with their families. 4. She _______ in a small town, although she lives in a big city now. 5. I haven’t seen my cat for two days. I’m very _______ about her. 题型一：根据汉语提示完成句子。 A 【答案】1. taken; temperature 2. All alone 3. felt sick/bad 4. suffered; from 5. solar system B 【答案】1. ancient 2. excellent 3. twentieth 4. weather 5. fell 题型二：用所给词的适当形式填空。 【答案】1. useless 2. weekly 3. unpopular 4. least 5. mixed 题型三：按照首字母提示完成句子。 A 【答案】1. sunny 2. tourists 3. agreed 4. cheaper 5. Unluckily B 【答案】1. begin 2. Fill 3. across 4. dirty 5. born 6. future 7. camera 8. present 9. drunk 10. mistakes 题型四：选词填空。 【答案】1. nervous 2. compare 3. spend 4. grew up 5. worried