高二英语外研版必修5教师用书：Module 2 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language

高二英语外研版必修5教师用书：Module 2 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language

Ⅰ.单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1．There is a sharp bend(弯道) in the road ahead.Please pay more attention. 2．Coal miners(矿工) have to work underground in mines in order to obtain coal. 3．The accountant(会计) checked the unnecessary spending and made a report to the boss. 4．Every student is required to respect the school rules. 5．John offered to help her with her English，but she refused. 6．The place is so remote that TVs' signals can't be picked up. Ⅱ.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1．satisfy vt.使满意；使满足→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的； 满足的→satisfaction n．满足；满意 2．stress n．压力→stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的→stressful adj.充满压 力的；紧张的 3．volunteer n．志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 4．direct vt.指挥→director n．指挥；导演→direction n．方向；指挥 5．qualify vt.使合格；使称职→qualified adj.合格的；称职的→qualification n．资 格；合格证书 [寻规律、巧记忆] n.＋ful→adj. v.＋ing→adj. stressful 充满压力的；紧张的 successful 成功的 powerful 强有力的 satisfying 令人满意的 disappointing 令人失望的 astonishing 令人惊讶的 Ⅲ.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 1．in bad condition 状况差 2．in particular 尤其；特别 3．on average 平均 4．in theory 理论上 5．in practice 实际上；在实践中 6．pass by 经过 7．take...for granted 以为……理所当然 8．have an effect on 对……有影响 9．take up 站好位置以备……；从事；占据 10．week in，week out 一周又一周，接连好几个星期 Ⅳ.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1．She took up the story where Tim had left off. 2．I passed by the hospital on my way to the library yesterday. 3．Japanese people on average live much longer than Europeans. 4．I noticed her eyes in particular，because they were very large. 5 ． The surroundings in which a child grows up may have an effect on his development. [寻规律、巧记忆] in＋n.→介词短语 on＋n.→介词短语 in theory 理论上 in practice 实际上；在实践中 in trouble 陷入困境 on average 平均 on business 出差；做生意 on duty 值日，值班 背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实 1.Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. 每天早晨，他都手里拿着一个大 圆板爬上弯道。 “with＋宾语＋ 宾补”的复合结 构。 她看到一条小河，两岸长满 了红花绿草。 She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides. 2.But often they just pass by， taking the human traffic signal for granted. 但经常他们只是从他身边驶过， 把人体交通标志看作理所当然 的事情。 现在分词短语作 伴随状语。 他们坐在教室里，看从图书 馆借来的书。 They sat in the classroom， reading the books borrowed from the library. 3.He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. 当他开着一辆满载香蕉的卡车 要驶过一个弯道时，这时连人带 车翻到了 300 米深的山崖下。 be doing sth.when...正在 做某事这时…… 上周一，我正在街上散步， 这时突然看到一位老人从 自行车上摔了下来。 Last Monday，I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. satisfying adj.令人满意的 To be honest with you，the result is not at all satisfying. 给你说实在的，这个结果令人很不满意。 (1)satisfy v． (使)满意；(使)满足 (2)satisfied adj. 满足的；满意的 be satisfied with 对……感到满意 (3)satisfaction n. 满足；满意 to one's satisfaction 令人满意的是 ①To my satisfaction，you have made great progress in English. 令我非常满意的是，你在英语方面取得了很大的进步。 ②From his satisfied look，I knew he was satisfied with the result.(satisfy) 从他满意的神情可以看出，他对这个结果很满意。 [语境助记] To our satisfaction，the boss is satisfied with our plan，because he found it was satisfying. 令我们满意的是，老板对我们的计划很满意，因为他觉得它是令人满意的。 volunteer n．志愿者 v．志愿 Most of the relief work was done by volunteers. 大部分救济工作是由志愿者完成的。 volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事 voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的 voluntarily adv. 自愿地；主动地 ①A growing number of citizens voluntarily go to the suburbs to plant trees. 越来越多的市民自愿到郊区栽树。 ②Many people have volunteered to protect(protect) the endangered animals. 很多人已经志愿保护濒危动物。 offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)；提供 (教材 P12)This person has offered to do a job—and may not be paid for doing it. 这个人主动提出要做这份工作——而且有可能没有报酬。 offer to do sth. 主动做某事 offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb. 给某人提供某物 ①The young man offered the old man his own seat. ＝The young man offered his own seat to the old man. 那个年轻人将自己的座位让给了那个老人。 ②I offered to help(help) him with his English study ， and he accepted with pleasure. 我表示愿意帮助他学英语，他很乐意地接受了。 【熟词生义】 写出下列句中黑体词的含义 ③Days later，we made an offer－far below the asking price.出价 in particular 尤其，特别 (教材 P12)One road in particular，which goes north from La Paz，is considered the most dangerous road in the world. 尤其是从拉巴斯通往北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。 be particular about/over 对……非常讲究/挑剔 particularly adv. 尤其，特别 ①Traffic is bad，particularly in the city center. 交通状况很差，尤其是在市中心。 ②Jenny is usually particular about/over what to eat in the morning. 詹妮对于早餐吃什么通常很讲究。 on (an/the) average 平均 (教材 P12)Although there is not a lot of traffic，on average，one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. 尽管交通量不大，但平均每两周就有一辆车驶出公路。 an average of 平均为 up to (the) average 达到平均水平 above/below (the) average 在平均水准以上/以下 ①Each day an average of nearly one million copies of all books are sold. 各种书籍平均每天的销售量达 100 万册。 ②To their joy，their son's schoolwork is well above average. 使他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。 respect vt.遵守；尊敬；尊重 n．尊敬；方面；(pl.)敬意；问候 (教材 P12)But in practice，few drivers respect the rules. 但在实际中，很少有司机遵守交通规则。 (1)respect sb.for sth. 因为某事尊重某人 show/have respect for sb. 尊敬某人 win/earn/gain the respect of sb. 尊重 (2)in this/that respect 在这/那方面 (3)respectable adj. 受人尊敬的；值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 尊敬人的；表示敬意的 ①She has always been honest with me，and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实，我非常敬重她这一点。 ②As a qualified monitor，she has won/gained/earned the respect of her classmates. 作为一名称职的班长，她已经赢得了同学们的尊重。 ③We should appreciate your cooperation in this respect. 我们应该感谢你在这方面的合作。 take...for granted 以为……理所当然 (教材 P13)But often they just pass by，taking the human traffic signal for granted. 但经常他们只是从他身边驶过，把人体交通标志看作是理所当然的事情。 take it for granted that... 认为……理所当然(it 为形式宾语) take...seriously 认真对待…… take...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内 take it easy 轻松点 ①I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account/consideration. 我衷心希望你能考虑我的建议。 ②You should take your study seriously(serious)． 你应认真对待你的学习。 ③A teacher shouldn't take it for granted that every student has understood what he said in class. 一位老师不应该想当然地认为每个学生都明白他在课堂上所讲的东西。 have an effect on 对……产生影响 (教材 P13)This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo. 最后的这次经历给铁穆特欧留下了极其深刻的印象。 bring/put/carry...into effect 使生效；实行 come into effect＝take effect 开始生效；开始实施 in effect 实际上 ①It is more than a year since the regulation came into effect/took effect. 这项规定已经实施一年多了。 ②The suggestions were adopted and would be brought into effect. 这些建议得到了采纳，并被付诸实施。 ③In effect，that should kill two birds with one stone. 实际上，那样会有一石二鸟的效果。 take up 站好位置以备……；占据；开始从事；拿起；继续 (教材 P13)And so every morning，week in，week out，from dawn to dusk，Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic. 于是每天早晨，在路的拐弯处铁穆特欧站好自己的位置，开始指挥来往的车 辆，从拂晓到黄昏，一周又一周。 写出下列句子中 take up 的意思 ①She took up the telephone receiver and began to dial the number. 拿起 ②We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up. 占据 ③He took up his position with the goal to catch the football. 站好位置以备…… ④She took up the story where she had left off the night before. 继续 ⑤Can you tell me when he took up playing football？开始从事 take off 起飞；脱下；事业成功 take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 take on 雇用；呈现；承担 take over 接管；接收 ⑥Internet shopping will really take off when people make sure that it is safe. 当人们确保网上购物安全时，它才真正地兴盛起来。 (教材 P13)Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand. 每天早上，他手里都拿着一个大圆板爬上弯道。 【要点提炼】 本句中 with a large circular board in his hand 为“with”的复 合结构，该结构常作状语，有时也可作后置定语。 ①He is used to sleeping with the window open at night in summer. 夏天的夜晚他习惯开着窗户睡觉。 ②With exams approaching，it is a good idea to review your class notes. 考试临近时，复习你的课堂笔记是个好主意。 ③With a lot of work to do(do)，I cannot go out with you. 有很多工作要做，我不能和你一起出去了。 ④With all the work finished(finish)，they hurried back home for lunch. 所有的工作都做完了，他们匆忙赶回家吃午饭。 (教材 P13) He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain. 当他开着一辆装满香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道时，连人带车翻到了 300 米深 的山崖下。 【要点提炼】 句中 was doing sth.when...意为“正在做某事这时……”，此时 when 为并列连词，意为“就在那时”，相当于 and at that time。 when 作并列连词常用的句型还有： (1)be about to do sth.when...＝be on the point of doing sth.when... 正要做某事， 就在那时……(该句式不能与具体的时间状语连用) (2)had (just) done sth.when... 刚做完某事，就在那时…… ①I was about to give/on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. 我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。 ②She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹奏钢琴。 1．(教材 P12)In theory，the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning，and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. 【分析】 本句为较复杂的简单句，going uphill from 8 in the morning 和 coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon 分别是两个 traffic 的后置定语，与被修饰词之间为 主动关系。 【翻译】 按道理，这条路上，只准许早晨 8 点以后车辆向山上行驶及下午 3 点以后车辆向山下行驶。 2．(教材 P13)Timoteo Apaza is a gentle 46yearold man who lives in a village near the most dangerous part of the road，known locally as la curva del diablo(the Devil's Bend)． 【分析】 本句为主从复合句，从句是 who 引导的定语从句，修饰 a gentle 46yearold man，who 在从句中充当主语，near...介词短语作定语修饰 a village，逗 号后面为过去分词短语作定语，修饰 the most dangerous part of the road。 【翻译】 46 岁的铁穆特欧·安迫赛是个性格温和的人，他住在这条路最危险 的一段附近的一个村庄里，这段路被当地人称为 la curva del diablo(魔鬼弯道)。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tu Youyou is respected(respect) for winning the Nobel Prize for medicine. 2．The kind old lady offered to take(take) in the poor homeless stranger. 3．On average，women live between five and seven years longer than men. 4．The boy's parents were glad to see the satisfying (satisfy) result of the final exam. 5．There is so little water left in the jar that we must carry some more. 6．Don't take it for granted that we can succeed without working hard. 7．Though they don't have a diploma，they have rich experience in practice. 8．What teachers say and do always has a great effect on their students. 9．Smartphones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health. 10．We were doing our homework when the light went out. Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误) 1．I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.去掉 to 2．Buying a house in Beijing is a very stressed experience.stressed→stressful 3 ． A policeman stood in the middle of the road ， directed the traffic.directed→directing 或逗号后加 and 4 ． With the boy led the way ， we had no trouble in getting to the station.led→leading 5 ． The boy's parents were glad to see his satisfied result of the final exam.satisfied→satisfying Ⅲ.完成句子 1．这篇文章太难了，我几乎读不懂。 The article is so difficult that I can hardly understand it.(so...that) 2．我们不能以为父母给孩子钱是理所当然的。 We shouldn't take it for granted that parents should give their children money.(take...for granted) 3．孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。 The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.(be doing...when...) 4．这位老兵经常坐在我的对面，讲述战争年代他的经历。 The old soldier often sits opposite me，talking about his experiences during the war.(分词短语作伴随状语) 5．大部分问题都解决了，我感到如释重负。 With most of the problems solved，I felt a great weight taken off my mind.(with sth.done)