2019届一轮复习外研版必修二Module1　OurBodyandHealthyHabits

2019届一轮复习外研版必修二Module1　OurBodyandHealthyHabits

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修2Module 1Our Body and Healthy Habits单元学案 ‎　　　　　‎ ‎【课前基础知识回顾】‎ 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 ‎[第一屏听写]‎ Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎1．flu n. (＝ influenza)　　　 流行性感冒 ‎2．symptom n. 症状 ‎3．Xray n. X光 ‎4．toothache n. 牙痛 ‎5．lung n. 肺 ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．throat n．　　　　　　　　 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子 ‎7．pneumonia n. 肺炎 ‎8．prescription n. 处方 ‎9．questionnaire n. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎1．diet n．　　　　　　　　　 饮食；日常食物 ‎　 vi. 照医生的规定饮食 ‎2．fit adj. 健康的；强健的 ‎3．rare adj. 稀少的；罕有的 ‎4．unhealthy adj. 不健康的；有碍健康的 ‎5．wealthy adj. 富裕的；有钱的 ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎6．rarely adv.　　　　　　　 稀少地；极少地 ‎7．proverb n. 谚语 ‎8．anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的 ‎9．injure vt. 伤害 ‎10．injury n. 伤害；损伤；受伤处 ‎　‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎11．pain n．　　　　　　　　 疼痛 ‎12．painful adj. 疼痛的 ‎13．normal adj. 正常的；一般的 ‎14．lifestyle n. 生活方式 ‎15．head vi. 朝……方向前进 ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎16．eye vt.　　　　　　　　 注视；观看 ‎17．overweight adj. (人)太胖的；超重的 ‎18．breathe vi. 呼吸 ‎19．insurance n. 保险 ‎20．awful_adj. 可怕的；吓人的 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎21．fat_n．　　　　　　　　　 脂肪 ‎22．captain n. 队长 ‎23．be_connected_with 与……有联系 ‎24．take_exercise 锻炼 ‎25．be_crazy_about 迷恋　‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎26．have_a_temperature　　　 发烧 ‎27．lie_down 躺下 ‎28．begin_with 以……开始 ‎29．put_..._into_... 将……投入……‎ ‎30．become_ill 生病 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.flu n. (＝ influenza)流行性感冒 ‎2.symptom n. 症状 ‎3.Xray n. X光 ‎4.toothache n. 牙痛 ‎5.lung n．　 　 　肺 ‎6.throat n. 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.normal adj.　　正常的；一般的 ‎2.lifestyle n. 生活方式 ‎3.overweight adj. (人)太胖的；超重的 ‎4.insurance n. 保险 ‎7.pneumonia n. 肺炎 ‎8.prescription n. 处方 ‎9.questionnaire n. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表 ‎5.captain n. 队长 核心单词练通 ‎1.Many people keep fit (健康的) by taking exercise every day.‎ ‎2.As the proverb (谚语) goes, don't put all your eggs in one basket.‎ ‎3.An easy way to cut the amount of fat (脂肪) in your diet is to avoid eating red meats.‎ ‎4.Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of diets (饮食) but nothing worked.‎ ‎5.He realized that he was heading (朝……方向前进) in the wrong direction.‎ ‎6.A policeman on a street corner eyed (注视) him suspiciously, then noted his suitcase.‎ ‎7.If something awful (可怕的；吓人的) happens to you, at least you can write about it.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.rare adj.稀少的；罕有的→rarely adv.稀少地；极少地 ‎2.unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的→(反义词)healthy adj.健康的→health n．健康 ‎3.wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的→wealth n．财富 ‎4.anxious adj ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.This kind of flower is rare,_and rarely do I see it.(rare) ‎ ‎2.A health club is a private club that people go to in order to do exercise, keep healthy and avoid unhealthy diets.(health)‎ ‎.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 ‎5.injure vt.伤害→injury n．伤害；损伤；受伤处→injured adj.受伤的 ‎6.pain n．疼痛；痛苦→pains n．辛苦；努力→painful adj.疼痛的→painfully adv.使人疼痛地 ‎7.breathe vi.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 ‎3.Bill Gates is regarded as one of the wealthiest persons in the world. His personal wealth is estimated at around ＄90 billion.(wealth)‎ ‎4.An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.(injure)‎ ‎5.He was seized with a painful sickness, and the pain nearly drove him mad. But he took pains to finish his work.(pain)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.(身体部位)名词用作动词集粹 ‎①head　　朝……方向前进 ‎②eye 注视；观看 ‎③hand 传递；递给 ‎2.n.＋y→adj.一览 ‎①wealthy　　　富裕的 ‎②healthy 健康的 ‎3.高频合成形容词个个清 ‎①overweight adj. 　　(人)太胖的；超重的 ‎②absentminded adj. 心不在焉的 ‎④arm 武装 ‎⑤shoulder 肩负 ‎⑥back 后退 ‎③thirsty 口渴的 ‎④cloudy 多云的 ‎⑤greedy 贪婪的 ‎⑥guilty 内疚的 ‎③oldfashioned adj. 老式的 ‎④wellbehaved adj. 表现良好的 ‎⑤secondhand adj. 二手的 ‎⑥brandnew adj. 全新的 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.at_least　　　　　　　至少 ‎2.be_connected_with 与……有联系 ‎3.be_crazy_about 迷恋 ‎4.lie_down 躺下 ‎5.begin_with 以……开始 ‎6.put_..._into_... 将……投入……‎ Tom ①was_crazy_about playing smartphone. He used to ②lie_down and play smartphone on the bed. His nearsightedness ③is_connected_with it.I suggested that he should ④put more attention into his lessons and have a rest regularly. Tom accepted it. Soon he got rid of the bad habit.‎ 第二组 ‎1.have_a_temperature　　发烧 ‎2.pay_for 支付；为……付出代价 ‎3.off_work 休班 ‎　　Mary is very weak and often ①becomes_ill. When she is ill, she often ②has_a_temperature.Because of this she is often ③off_work and ‎ ‎4.take_exercise_ 锻炼 ‎5.pick_up 用车接；拾起；捡起；接收；(偶然)学会 ‎6.become_ill 生病 stays at home. Her doctor advised her to ④take_exercise. She followed her doctor's advice.Now she is becoming healthier and healthier.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“与……有联系/关系”短语全接触 ‎①be connected with　与……有联系/关系 ‎②be related to 与……有关 ‎③have something to do with 与……有关 ‎④be relevant to 与……有关 ‎⑤be concerned with 涉及……‎ ‎⑥be involved in 涉及……‎ ‎2.crazy短语大观园 ‎①be crazy about ‎ 迷恋 ‎②be crazy for 渴望 ‎③be crazy with 因……而发狂 ‎④drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯 ‎⑤go crazy 发疯；疯狂 ‎⑥like crazy 疯狂地；拼命地 ‎3.“v.＋up”短语集合 ‎①pick up 　拾起 ‎②eat up 吃光 ‎③bring up 抚养大 ‎④burn up 烧尽 ‎⑤hold up 举起；阻挡 ‎⑥stay up 熬夜 ‎⑦use up 用完 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.When Zhou Kai's mother saw him heading towards the front door ‎ see＋宾语＋宾语补足语。‎ 透过窗户我看见他正在庭院里修理汽车。‎ Through the window I ‎ without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. ‎ 周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。‎ saw_him_repairing his car in the yard.‎ ‎2.I'd rather eat a nice piece of fruit. ‎ 我宁愿吃一块美味的水果。‎ would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”。‎ 今晚我宁愿待在家里读点书。‎ I would_rather_stay_at_home_and_ do some reading this evening.‎ ‎3.But that's because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.‎ 但那是因为我太傻了，竟然在雨中踢足球。‎ That's because＋从句，意为“那是因为……”。‎ 她非常伤心，那是因为她的儿子在车祸中丧生了。‎ She was very upset. That's_because her son was killed in an accident.‎ ‎4.Go to bed now or you'll be really tired tomorrow. ‎ 现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。‎ 祈使句＋or＋陈述句。‎ 努力学习，否则你就会落在其他同学的后面。‎ Work_hard_or you will fall behind your classmates.‎ ‎【课堂核心考点突破】‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Good health is connected with healthy diet and regular exercise. But nowadays some students like eating junk food, and are crazy about ________ (play)❶ computer games. What's worse, they rarely take exercise. As a result, they become overweight and unhealthy. “Have a ________❷ diet and take more exercise, and they will keep fit❸，” say health experts. We hope that they will have a healthy lifestyle.‎ ‎1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为playing。‎ ‎2.②处应填入的最佳选项为__C__。‎ A.regular　　　　　B．convenient C.balanced D．occasional ‎3.③处fit的同义词为healthy；fit作为动词时，其过去式和过去分词为fitted，fitted或fit，fit。‎ ‎1．fit adj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的 v．适合；使(衣服)合身；使适应；使胜任 n．适合；合身 ‎(1)be fit for　　　　　 　　　 适合；胜任 be fit (for sb.) to do ... 适合(某人)做……‎ keep/stay fit 保持健康 ‎(2)fit sb./sth. (for sth.) 使适合，使胜任(某工作)‎ fit on 试穿 fit in with ... 与……相处融洽，合得来；(与某事物)相适应 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It's just an informal party, so it's not fit for you to_dress (dress) like that.‎ ‎②Production of the goods must fit in with the needs of the society.‎ ‎③I am going to the tailor's to fit on my new coat.‎ 补全句子 ‎④You should take more exercise in_order_to_keep/stay_fit.‎ 为了保持健康，你应该多锻炼。‎ ‎⑤The old prime minister was a wise, honest man who was_more_fit_for_his_office/job than anyone else.‎ 老首相可是个聪明诚实的人，比谁都称职。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　fit, suit, match fit ‎“适合”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”‎ suit ‎“适合”，多指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit match ‎“和……匹配，适合”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配 选用以上单词填空 ‎⑥The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie, so it suits me.‎ ‎⑦The color and style suit me but the size doesn't fit me.‎ ‎2．be connected with与……有联系/关系 ‎(1)connect A with B　　　　　 　 把A和B联系起来 connect A to/with B 把A连接到B ‎(2)connection n. 联系；关联；关系 have (no) connection with 与……有(无)关系 与……有关 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A good student must connect what he reads to/with what he sees around him.‎ ‎②He did everything connected (connect) with farming.‎ 一句多译 警方宣布他与这起抢劫案无关。‎ ‎③The police announced he had_no_connection_with the robbery. (connection)‎ ‎④The police announced he was_not_connected_with the robbery. (connect)‎ ‎⑤The police announced he was_not_related_to the robbery. (relate)‎ ‎⑥The police announced he had_nothing_to_do_with the robbery. (have something to do with)‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示两者之间有形的连接时，to和with都可以与connect连用；指“与……有联系；与……有关”时，后接with而不接to。‎ ‎3．be crazy about迷恋 be crazy for　　　　　　　　 渴望……‎ be crazy to do sth. 做某事真是疯狂 go crazy 发疯 like crazy 疯狂地；拼命地 drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①You must be crazy to_try (try) to drive home in this weather.‎ ‎②At one time he was crazy for a cottage in the country.‎ 补全句子 ‎③We have_to_work_like_crazy to get this finished on time.‎ 为了按时完成工作我们得拼命干了。‎ ‎④Turn the music down; it's_driving_me_crazy.‎ 把音乐关小，它快把我逼疯了。‎ ‎4．祈使句＋or＋陈述句 Go_to_bed_now_or you'll be really tired tomorrow. ‎ 现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。‎ 本句为“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”句型。祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。‎ ‎(1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。‎ ‎(2)“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。‎ ‎(3)“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。‎ ‎①Follow the policies of the 19th CPC National Congress, and our goals are bound to be achieved.‎ 只要按照中共十九大施政方针去做，我们的目标一定能实现。‎ ‎②Follow your teacher's advice, or/or_else/otherwise you will fail in the exam.‎ 听从老师的建议，否则你就会考试不及格。‎ ‎③More fine food, and_you'll_be_healthier_and_healthier.‎ 多吃好的食品，你会越来越健康。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　We often see Tom playing football on the playground on Sundays. Last Sunday, while playing football❶， he suddenly fell down to the ground, ________ (look)❷ in great pain. After a while, he told us that he was injured ________❸ the leg but nothing very serious. But we were anxious about the injury and sent him to hospital.‎ ‎1.①处为时间状语从句的省略句，其完整形式为：while_he_was_playing_football。‎ ‎2.②处应填入单词的正确形式为looking，在句中作伴随状语。‎ ‎3.③处应填介词 in。‎ ‎5．pain n．疼痛；痛苦；辛苦；努力 have pains/a pain in　　 ……部位疼 be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 spare no pains 不遗余力，全力以赴 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事 No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.‎ ‎②We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. ‎ 补全句子 ‎③We should_spare_no_pains_to_construct whole harmonious society.‎ 我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐社会。‎ ‎[名师指津]　pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦、刻苦、努力”时，要用复数形式。‎ ‎6．injure vt.伤害；损害 ‎(1)be/get injured　　　　　　　　　 受伤 ‎(2)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的 the injured 伤者；伤员 ‎(3)injury n. 伤害；损伤；受伤处 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 ‎[题点全练]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①These chemicals come from the injured_ (injure) parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ ‎②I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn't been wearing one, I would have_been_injured (injure)．(2016·天津高考单选)‎ ‎③A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured to the hospital.‎ ‎④There's no denying that the attack has done a severe injury (injure) to his reputation.‎ ‎7．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的 ‎(1)be/become anxious for/about sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 为某事担心/担忧 be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望/急于(让某人)做某事 ‎(2)anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望 with anxiety ＝ anxiously 焦虑地；不安地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She is anxious to_go (go) to college now, but anxious for/about not passing the College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎②I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to_get (get) help from you.‎ 句型转换 ‎③Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit. ‎ ‎→She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with_anxiety,_only to find it didn't fit.‎ 补全句子 ‎④With the College Entrance Examination approaching, ‎ many_students_feel_stressed and_anxious.‎ 随着高考的临近，很多学生感到压抑和焦虑。‎ ‎[联想发散]　be anxious for/to do ...表示“渴望做某事”，表达此含义的短语还有long for, be greedy for, be hungry for, be dying for/to do ..., be thirsty for, be keen on/to do ...等。‎ ‎8．see＋宾语＋宾语补足语 When Zhou Kai's mother saw_him_heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.‎ 周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。‎ 句中saw him heading为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。‎ ‎(1)see sb. do sth.　　“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程 ‎(2)see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行 ‎(3)see sth. done “看见某事被做”，强调动作的被动和完成 ‎①If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled (settle) in this way.‎ 如果你观察的时间够长的话，就会看到许多问题是通过这种方式被解决的。‎ ‎②It was at that point that I saw_him_leave the building.‎ 是在那个时刻我看到他离开大楼的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)在变为被动语态时，see sb. do sth.应改为sb. be seen to do sth.。‎ ‎(2)能接不带to的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的感官动词还有：feel, hear，observe，notice，watch等。‎ ‎③He was seen to_leave (leave) a few minutes ago.‎ 有人看到他几分钟前离开的。‎ ‎④He was so nervous that he could hear his heart beating (beat) wildly.‎ 他如此紧张以至于能听到自己的心在狂跳。‎ ‎【课后综合知识运用】‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Experts say these natural disasters and wild weather are_connected (connect) with high temperatures.‎ ‎2．A great many people are crazy about this book, regardless of their nationality.‎ ‎3．Li Hua spared no pains to_make (make) sure my stay in Beijing was as comfortable as possible.‎ ‎4．Watch your step or/or_else/otherwise you might fall into the river.‎ ‎5．As always, you should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries (injure)．‎ ‎6．That bottle of milk is not fit to_drink (drink) because it is out of date.‎ ‎7．As everyone knows, improper diet will make people unhealthy (health)．‎ ‎8．Len always seems to be on a diet, which does harm to his health.‎ ‎9．Many years ago, a wealthy (wealth) old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England.‎ ‎10．I had so much anxiety (anxious) that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He rare goes out for a walk and never does any shopping.rare→rarely ‎2．This dress fits for her in size but not the color.去掉for ‎3．Successful are those who are willing to take pain.pain→pains ‎4．It has been proved that take exercise regularly does good to one's health.take→taking ‎5．John got up late this morning. That is because he didn't catch the first bus.because→why ‎6．The injured was rushed to hospital in an ambulance.was→were Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子 ‎1．她宁愿在网上买衣服，也不愿在商场买衣服。(would rather)‎ She would_rather_buy_her_clothes_through_the_Internet_than in the mall.‎ ‎2．这个运动员决定退出比赛。那是因为他的腿受伤了。(That is because ...)‎ The athlete decided to quit the match. That_is_because_his_leg_was_injured.‎ ‎3．我看见这个女孩面带笑容往学校图书馆走去。(‎ see＋宾语＋宾语补足语)‎ I saw_the_girl_heading_towards the school library with a smile on her face.‎ ‎4．多加锻炼，保证足够的睡眠，你会感到放松和精力充沛。(祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句)‎ Take more exercise and have enough sleep, and_you_will_feel_relaxed_and_energetic.‎ ‎5．据报道，政府今年会把更多的钱投入到教育上。(put ... into ...)‎ It's reported that the government will put_more_money_into_education_this_year.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译 ‎1．If you try and lift that suitcase, it may do you an injury!‎ ‎→If you try and lift that suitcase, it may do_an_injury_to you!‎ ‎2．We must do our best to finish the task on time.‎ ‎→We must spare_no_pains to finish the task on time.‎ ‎3．If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.‎ ‎→Make_one_more_effort,_and you'll succeed.‎ ‎→One_more_effort,_and you'll succeed.‎ ‎4．健康问题与不良的饮食习惯及缺少锻炼有关。‎ ‎①Health_problems_are_connected_with_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise. (be connected with)‎ ‎②Health_problems_are_related_to_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise. (be related to)‎ ‎③Health_problems_have_something_to_do_with_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise. (have something to do with)‎ ‎[高考拆组训练]‎ 阅读理解组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Star Power Alzheimer's Disease (阿尔茨海默病) has a powerful influence on American families and our health. And women are seriously influenced. Today nearly twothirds of those with Alzheimer's are women and more than 70 percent of Alzheimer's caregivers are women. In partnership with the Alzheimer's Association, I founded the Wipe Out Alzheimer's Challenge. Our mission (使命) is to help women of all ages to raise awareness about the disease and raise millions of dollars to fund serious research into women's brains.‎ ‎—Maria Shriver, journalist, social activist ‎ Alzheimer's has damaged my family. My dad, my aunt and most recently my 65yearold brother all passed away after years of living with the horrific effects of the disease. I have made it my mission to raise awareness about Alzheimer's any way I can. I want people to know they are not alone, and there are places to turn to for assistance, like the Alzheimer's Association. Together we need to advocate for additional federal funding, which is surely lacking.‎ ‎—Meredith Vieira, journalist, talk show host ‎ After my mom suffered from Alzheimer's, I felt very alone because people my age did not understand what Alzheimer's was, or ‎ the true influence of the disease. Once Seth Rogen and I started to share our story, it became clear that we could create awareness and bring younger voices to the cause, so we created Hilarity for Charity in partnership with the Alzheimer's Association. We're so proud to fund research and bring a new generation of advocates to the cause.‎ ‎—Lauren Miller Rogen, filmmaker and cofounder of Hilarity for Charity 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。阿尔茨海默病(别名老年痴呆症)影响了很多家庭，因此不少有社会影响力的人士纷纷站出来提出自己的观点，以提高民众对该疾病的认识。‎ ‎1．What do we know about Meredith Vieira?‎ A．She lost both her parents to Alzheimer's.‎ B．She founded the Alzheimer's Association.‎ C．She interviewed many people with Alzheimer's.‎ D．She called for more federal funding for Alzheimer's.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Together we need to advocate for additional federal funding, which is surely lacking.”可知，Meredith Vieira呼吁联邦政府给阿尔茨海默病拨更多的款。‎ ‎2．Why was Hilarity for Charity created?‎ A．To raise young people's awareness about Alzheimer's.‎ B．To prevent the new generation getting Alzheimer's.‎ C．To collect material for a film about Alzheimer's.‎ D．To share stories related to Alzheimer's.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“we could create awareness and bring younger voices to the cause, so we created Hilarity for Charity ... bring a new generation of advocates to the ‎ cause”可知，Hilarity for Charity是为了提高年轻一代对阿尔茨海默病的认识而创立的。‎ ‎3．Who started the Wipe Out Alzheimer's Challenge?‎ A．Seth Rogen.‎ B．Meredith Vieira.‎ C．Maria Shriver.‎ D．Lauren Miller Rogen.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I founded the Wipe Out Alzheimer's Challenge”可知，Maria Shriver创立了该组织。‎ B Something's happening at the lowest point on our planet.‎ The Dead Sea, a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west, is shrinking (缩小) at an alarming rate — about 3.3 feet per year, according to the environmentalist group EcoPeace Middle East. And human actions are largely to blame.‎ ‎“It's not just like one country is punishing the Dead Sea; it's more like the whole area，” said photographer Moritz Küstner, who visited the area in February to work on his series “The Dying Dead Sea.”‎ The Dead Sea needs water from the other natural sources surrounding it, such as the Jordan River basin. But around the 1960s, some of the water sources it relied upon were diverted (使改道). Israel, for instance, built a pipeline during that time so it could supply water throughout the country.‎ Mineral extraction (开采) industries are another main reason the water levels are falling, experts say. The Dead Sea's minerals ‎ have been used as medicine and can often be found in cosmetics (化妆品) and other consumer products.‎ And then, of course, there's the Middle East's hot, dry climate, which makes it difficult for the lake to replenish itself.‎ Last year, Israel and Jordan signed a ＄900 million deal in an effort to keep the Dead Sea's water levels stable. It includes building a canal from the Red Sea to the Dead Sea which would be able to not only supple water to Israel and Jordan but also to pump water into the Dead Sea.‎ But for now, Küstner shows us that the Dead Sea remains very much a place of interest, with people from all over the world going there to swim in its salty waters.‎ The Dead Sea, known as the Salt Sea in the language of Hebrew, is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world. And because of what has been happening over the years, the salt is only getting saltier.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，根据中东环境问题专家的观察，死海的面积正在以惊人的速度缩小，本文分析了导致这一问题的原因。‎ ‎4．How many reasons for the Dead Sea's shrinking does the author mention in the text?‎ A．One.　　　　　　　　　 B．Two.‎ C．Three. D．Four.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The Dead Sea needs water from ... some of the water sources it relied upon were diverted (使改道)．” 第五段中的“Mineral extraction (开采) industries are another main reason the water levels are falling”及第六段中的“the Middle East's hot, dry climate”‎ 可知，死海面积缩小有三个原因：源头减少、矿物开采和中东炎热干燥的气候。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about the Dead Sea's minerals?‎ A．They have practical value.‎ B．They are controlled by Israel.‎ C．They can be extracted very easily.‎ D．They are mainly used in heavy industry.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，死海中的矿物质可以用作药物，也可以用来制作化妆品和其他消费品，因此说这些矿物质具有实用价值。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “replenish” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?‎ A．To clean something.‎ B．To improve something.‎ C．To fill something again.‎ D．To find something again.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第六段语境可知，中东炎热干燥的环境导致死海很难自行“恢复和补充”水分。‎ ‎7．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．What we should do to save the Dead Sea B．More people travel to the Dead Sea C．Why the Dead Sea is salty D．The Dead Sea is drying out 解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要告诉我们死海面积正在以惊人的速度缩小，而且分析了导致这一问题的原因，故D项为本文最佳标题。‎ C Krubera Cave in the western Caucasus Mountains is the deepest known cave in the world. An international team prepared to descend into Krubera. The team members hoped to be the first cavers to reach a depth of 2,000 meters, brought five tons of equipment and other necessities with them, and established camps at key locations along the route. They worked for up to 20 hours each day.‎ In the third week, progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump — a cave passage filled with water that gives cavers few options. There are basically three techniques available: dive through it, empty it, or go around it. Gennadiy Samokhin dove to the bottom but was disappointed. “No chance to get through，” he said. Searching for a way around the sump, Garcia Dils risked entering a waterfall of near freezing water and discovered that his dry suit had holes in it. “The water was so cold I lost the feeling in my fingers，” he said later. He, too, was unsuccessful.‎ Finally, two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream. The team was exhilarated. The passage led to yet another sump at 1,840 meters. After a short test dive, Samokhin emerged, smiling. There was a promising passage, he reported. But it would have to wait. After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.‎ Four weeks later, a team of nine Ukrainian cavers led by Yuri Kasjan went back to Krubera. Following the path opened by the previous team, they reached the sump at 1,840 meters relatively quickly. After much searching, a pit (坑), later named the Millennium Pit, was discovered that allowed them to pass the 2,000 meter depth. More pits and passages led them to 2,080 meters, a spot ‎ they named Game Over. But the caving game is never over. Deeper caves will probably continue to be discovered and call out to be explored.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。‎ ‎8．Why did the team return to the surface after nearly four weeks?‎ A．They were lacking in supplies.‎ B．They had achieved their goal.‎ C．They couldn't go through the sump.‎ D．They gave their task to Yuri Kasjan's team.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After nearly four weeks, with supplies running low, the team had run out of time and would have to return to the surface.”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined word “exhilarated” probably mean?‎ A．Cheerful. B．Powerful.‎ C．Confused. D．Exhausted.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage they called the Way to the Dream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选A。‎ ‎10．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?‎ A．Game Over was discovered at 2,000 meters.‎ B．The Way to the Dream begins at 1,840 meters.‎ C．The Millennium Pit passed the 2,080 meter depth.‎ D．Samokhin found a way around a sump at 1,775 meters.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“progress was blocked at 1,775 meters by a sump”以及第三段中的“two teammates found a way around the sump through a tight passage”可知，格纳迪夫·萨莫欣在1 775米处找到了绕过水坑的通道。‎ ‎11．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．The features of Krubera Cave.‎ B．Famous caves around the world.‎ C．A journey of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ D．The importance of exploring Krubera Cave.‎ 解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选C。‎ D According to a recent study published in Journal of Consumer Research, many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food. In fact, the study's researchers found that a high price tag will even convince consumers that a certain food is healthful.‎ According to Rebecca Reczek, coauthor of the study, the purpose of the study was to examine a_popular_belief. Sometimes the belief can be true: Organic produce and wildcaught seafood typically cost more money. But other times, the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.‎ In one experiment, Reczek's team gave a group of participants a new food product called “granola bites”. Some participants were told the product was very healthy. Other participants were told the bites had little nutritional value. Participants who were told the granola ‎ bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.‎ In another experiment, participants were given a health food bar labeled as “the healthiest protein bar on the planet”. Some participants were told the bar cost just ＄0.99, others were told the bar was ＄4. And here's what happened: The people who were given the “cheaper” bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.‎ The idea that we all believe healthy food needs to be more expensive works against us. All food companies need to do is push up the price to convince us.‎ But Reczek said, “When we shop, we don't have to be led astray. We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store. We can use facts rather than our intuition (直觉)”．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。‎ ‎12．What does “a popular belief” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．That people should eat healthy food.‎ B．That organic produce is really healthy for us.‎ C．That the nutritional value of food isn't the same.‎ D．That eating healthy food means spending more money.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food”以及第二段中的“Sometimes the belief can be true: Organic produce and ‎ wildcaught seafood typically cost more money. But other times, the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.”可知，这个很普遍的观点就是：越贵的食物营养价值就越高。‎ ‎13．Why did some participants regard the granola bites as more expensive?‎ A．Because they knew they had high nutritional value.‎ B．Because they had been told about the price of them.‎ C．Because they knew they were a new food product.‎ D．Because they considered them organic food.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们健康有益，即营养价值高。‎ ‎14．How did some participants react when hearing the bar cost ＄0.99?‎ A．They considered it healthy.‎ B．They were doubtful about it.‎ C．They really wanted to buy it.‎ D．They were very happy about it.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The people who were given the ‘cheaper’ bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.”可知，他们对低的价格持怀疑态度。‎ ‎15．According to Reczek, what should we do when we go shopping?‎ A．Buy food that is more expensive.‎ B．Consult other people for advice.‎ C．Pay attention to nutrition labels.‎ D．Avoid buying unknown food.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.”可知选C项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Need more excitement in your life? Maybe it's time to take up an extreme sport!‎ ‎__1__ Each year they are becoming more and more popular. Some examples of extreme sports include base jumping, ice climbing, cave diving, and ... cheese rolling？！‎ No one knows exactly how it started, but Cooper's Hill CheeseRolling Race is an annual event that has taken place for over 100 years. The name comes from Cooper's Hill where the “sport” takes place, just outside the village of Brockworth, England.‎ ‎__2__ A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill while a group of people chase after it, trying to be the first to catch it or reach the bottom of the hill. The cheese weighs just over 3kg and picks up a lot of speed travelling down the very steep slope (斜坡). __3__ And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10. Incredibly, the event has become so popular that people travel from all over the world to take part — even from as far away as Canada and Australia.‎ But what makes the sport so extreme, and why has the local government tried to ban the tradition? Injuries — and lots of them. The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it.‎ ‎ __4__ Ambulances arrive at the event before the race even starts in preparation for all those who will need a trip to the hospital. Go to YouTube and search for “Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling” to see the event in action. __5__ Maybe you will want to have a try someday.‎ A．It's as silly as it sounds.‎ B．If you win, you get to keep the cheese.‎ C．Is it wrong to let children do extreme sports?‎ D．These popular activities can be extremely dangerous.‎ E．Be prepared to both laugh and cover your eyes in shock.‎ F．Instead, you fall, bounce and roll your way to the bottom.‎ G．Extreme sports are activities that involve a high amount of danger and excitement.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了滚奶酪极限运动。‎ ‎1．选G　G项中的Extreme sports与上文的“an extreme sport”相呼应；该空后的they即指代G项中的Extreme sports。‎ ‎2．选A　下文的“A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill ... the bottom of the hill.”是对A项的具体说明，即这项运动看起来和听起来一样傻。‎ ‎3．选B　B项与下文的“And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10.”都是对奖项的说明。‎ ‎4．选F　F项是对上文的“The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it.”的进一步说明，指出该项运动为什么危险。‎ ‎5．选E　E项与上文的“search for ‘Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling’ to see the event in action”相呼应。‎