2020届人教版高中英语复习选修8学案：Unit2Cloning

2020届人教版高中英语复习选修8学案：Unit2Cloning

Unit 2 Cloning 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．twin n．　　　　　　 　 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj. 成对的；成双的 ‎2．straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的 ‎3．carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具 ‎4．arbitrary adj. 任意的 ‎5．fate n. 命运；天命　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．medium n．(pl.media)　 媒介；手段；工具 ‎7．the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)‎ ‎8．conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的 ‎9．constitution n. 宪法；章程 ‎10．compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的 ‎11．opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．chorus n．　　　　　　 合唱；合唱队 ‎13．loaf n. 一条(面包)‎ ‎14．flour n. 面粉 ‎15．claw n. 爪；脚爪 ‎16．turkey n. 火鸡 ‎17．feather n. 羽毛　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．differ vi.　　　　　　　 不同；相异 ‎2．exact adj. 精确的；准确的 ‎3．identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的 ‎4．commercial_ adj. 商业的；贸易的 ‎5．complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的 ‎6．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 ‎7．breakthrough n. 突破　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎8．procedure n．　　　 　　 程序；步骤；手续 ‎9．cast vt. 扔；投；掷 ‎10．altogether adv. 总共；完全地 ‎11．correction n. 改正；纠正；修正 ‎12．object vi. 反对；不赞成 ‎13．objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 ‎14．obtain vt. 获得；赢得　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎15．attain vt.　　　　 　　　 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)‎ ‎16．forbid vt. 禁止；不准 ‎17．accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积 ‎18．owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……‎ ‎19．shortly adv. 立刻；不久 ‎20．retire vi. 退休；离开　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第七屏听写]‎ ‎21．bother vt.　　　　　　 　 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰 ‎22．assumption n. 假定；设想 ‎23．regulation n. 规则；规章；法规 ‎24．popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行 ‎25．strike_ vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎26．adore vt.　　　　 　　 　 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 ‎27．hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 ‎28．reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 ‎29．resist vt. 抵抗；对抗 ‎30．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 ‎31．merely adv. 仅；只；不过 ‎32．decoration n. 装饰　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎33．unable adj.　　　　　　　 不能的；不会的 ‎34．initial adj. 最初的；开始的 ‎35．impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响 ‎36．moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的 ‎37．vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 ‎38．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎39．(be)_bound_to_(do)．.. 一定或注定(做)……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎40．strike_..._into_one's_heart　 使……刻骨铭心 ‎41．from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔 ‎42．bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活 ‎43．in_favour_of 赞成；支持 ‎44．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ ‎45．cast_down 使失望；使沮丧 ‎46．pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.twin n. 　双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 ‎　adj. 成对的；成双的 ‎2．straightforward adj.‎ ‎ 简单的；直接的；坦率的 ‎3．arbitrary adj.‎ ‎ 任意的 ‎4．medium n. 媒介；手段；工具 ‎5.fate n．　　　　 命运；天命 ‎6．conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的 ‎7．constitution n. 宪法；章程 ‎8．compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的 ‎9.opera n．　　　 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 ‎10．chorus n. 合唱；合唱队 ‎11．loaf n. 一条(面包)‎ ‎12．flour n. 面粉 ‎13．claw n. 爪；脚爪 ‎14．feather n. 羽毛 ‎15．turkey n. 火鸡 表 达 单 词 ‎1._exact adj.　　　　精确的；准确的 ‎2．cast vt. 扔；投；掷 ‎3．obtain vt. 获得；赢得 ‎4．attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.‎ ‎2．As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. ‎ ‎5．forbid vt. 禁止；不准 ‎6．shortly adv. 立刻；不久 ‎7．strike v. 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工 ‎8．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 ‎9．breakthrough n. 突破 ‎10．altogether adv. 总共；完全地 ‎11．vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 ‎12．owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于 ‎13._initial adj. 最初的；开始的 ‎14．bother vt. 打扰 ‎　　 vi. 操心 ‎　　 n. 烦扰 ‎15．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 ‎16．merely adv. 仅；只；不过 ‎17．unable adj. 不能的；不会的 ‎18．adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 ‎19．hatch v. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 ‎20．moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的 ‎3．Nowadays, energy can be obtained/attained (获得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.‎ ‎4．We are supposed to undertake (承担) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.‎ ‎5．Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.‎ ‎6．So I have no choice but to bother_(打扰) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.‎ ‎7．But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks_(缺点) which should not be neglected. ‎ ‎8．I regret to inform you that we are unable (不能的) to offer you employment.‎ ‎9．I adore (崇拜) my English teacher because he can always create an atmosphere where all the students feel respected and cared for.‎ ‎10．The wellknown scientist always says that he owes (归功于) all his success to the support of his family.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的→difference n．差异；不同 ‎2．identical adj.同一的；一模一样的→identity n．身份；同一性；一致 ‎3．commercial adj.商业的；贸易的→commerce n．商业；贸易 ‎4．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate vt.使复杂化→complication n．复杂 ‎5．correction n．改正；纠正；修正→correct adj.正确的 v．改正 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．From the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas.(differ)‎ ‎2．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)‎ ‎3．When you set up your passwords on the Internet, you'd better complicate them, because the more complicated your passwords are, the safer your Internet becomes. (complication)‎ ‎6．object vi.反对；不赞成→objection n．不赞成；反对；异议 ‎7．accumulate v．积累；聚积→accumulation n．积累；增加 ‎8．retire vi.退休；离开→retirement n．退休；引退 ‎9．assumption n．假定；设想→assume vt.假定；设想 ‎10．regulation n．规则；规章；法规→regulate vt.调节；管理 ‎11．popularity n．受人喜爱；流行→popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的 ‎12．resist vt.抵抗；对抗→resistance n．抵抗；对抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的 ‎13．decoration n．装饰；装修→decorate v．装饰；装修 ‎14．reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→reason n．原因；道理 ‎4．The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge but it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)‎ ‎5．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)‎ ‎6．Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance.(resist)‎ ‎7．He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement,_he settled down in a remote village. (retire)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.object_to　　　　　　　　　反对 ‎2．pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎3．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎4．in_favour_of 赞成；支持 ‎5．from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔 ‎6．bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活 ‎7．cast_down 使失望；使沮丧 ‎8．(be)_bound_to_(do)_．.. 一定或注定(做)……‎ ‎9．strike_...into_one's_heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎1.His hard work paid_off when he won the prize.‎ ‎2．The people who objected_to cloning human beings went on strike and held up the traffic.‎ ‎3．Everyone in the class voted in_favour_of the dancing party.‎ ‎4．I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in_vain.‎ ‎5．A dishonest person_is_bound_to meet with setbacks sooner or later.‎ ‎10．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ ‎6．In making scientific experiments, we should not be cast_down by temporary setbacks.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.‎ 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。‎ then 位于句首时句子用全部倒装。‎ 接着传来了屠呦呦，一位中国女科学家，获得诺贝尔奖的令人兴奋的消息。‎ Then_came_the_exciting_news_that Tu Youyou, a Chinese woman scientist, won the Nobel Prize.‎ ‎2.What do you think is the writer's point of view in this reading passage?‎ 你认为这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？‎ do you think作插入语。‎ 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？‎ Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting？‎ ‎3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die ...‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉……‎ that引导的表语从句。‎ 骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。‎ The advantage of cycling to work is_that_we_can_live_a_lowcarbon_life.‎ 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．object vi.反对；不赞成 ‎[经典例句]　Unless our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.‎ 我们愿意接受汤姆为俱乐部的成员，除非经理反对他加入本俱乐部。‎ ‎(1)object to　　　　　 反对；不赞成(to是介词)‎ ‎(2)objection n. 反对；异议；不赞成 objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.‎ ‎②The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.‎ ‎③You should stop blaming yourself and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.‎ ‎2．forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden) ‎ 禁止；不准 ‎[教材原句]　Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning. ‎ 有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。‎ forbid doing sth.　　　　　　 禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ 禁止某人做某事 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①It is high time we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas!‎ ‎②I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.‎ ‎③So I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopping bags.‎ ‎[名师指津]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。‎ ‎3．owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢 ‎[教材原句]　You owe the lady an apology.‎ 你应该向这位女士道歉。‎ owe sth. to sb.　　　　　　 把某事归功于某人 owe it to sb. that ... 把……归功于某人 owing to 因为；由于 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.‎ ‎②Owing (owe) to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.‎ 补全句子 ‎③I owe_it_to_you_that I have made great progress in my English. ‎ 我在英语上取得了很大进步，这要归功于你。‎ ‎4．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰 ‎[教材原句]　However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.‎ 然而，之后它患上了严重肺病的问题困扰着科学家们。‎ bother to do sth.　　　　　　 操心/费心做某事 bother doing sth. 费心做某事 bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人 bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.‎ ‎②Don't bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.‎ 单句改错 ‎③I'm sorry I have bothered you to so many questions.to→with ‎5．strike v．(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时 n．罢工 ‎[教材原句]　The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.‎ 在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。‎ be struck by　　　　　　　　　　 被……打动/迷住了 it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想起 strike ... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.‎ ‎②Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.‎ ‎③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I'd strike into my heart forever.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present. ‎ ‎2．Why bother going/to_go (go) abroad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?‎ ‎3．Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.‎ ‎4．When climbing Mount Huang, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.‎ ‎5．The students were_forbidden (forbid), unless they had special passes, to leave the base.‎ ‎6．Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?‎ ‎7．The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna can't resist taking (take) a closer look at them.‎ ‎8．The organization could undertake to_direct (direct) the distribution of aid.‎ ‎9．Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.‎ ‎10．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.去掉第一个to或struck→occurred ‎2．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exact→exactly ‎3．Sometimes, some students object the idea that English classes are taught in English.object后加to ‎4．Owe to the recent bad weather, the project is several weeks behind schedule.Owe→Owing ‎5．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.去掉of ‎6．By the end of last week, we had learnt 3,000 English words for altogether.去掉for ‎7．He travelled all over the nation after he retired at work.at→from ‎8．Only if the students accumulate up a great deal of vocabulary can they grasp English.去掉up Ⅲ.根据提示词补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．他们反对坐公共汽车去那儿，因为它会花费很长时间。(object)‎ They objected_to_going_there_by_bus because it would take a long time.‎ ‎2．学校校长禁止在办公时间吸烟，并且所有的老师和学生都被禁止在学校吸烟。(forbid)‎ The school headmaster forbids_smoking_during office hours. And all of the teachers and students are_forbidden_to_smoke at school.‎ ‎3.最让他沮丧的是没人费心告诉他更改了的时间表。(bother)‎ What upset him most was that nobody had_bothered_to_tell_him about the changed timetable. ‎ ‎4．我突然想起家中没有人。(strike)‎ It_struck_me_that_there_was_no_one_at_home.‎ ‎5．他把他的成功归功于他的努力和耐心。(owe)‎ He_owes_his_success_to_his_hard_work_and_patience.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎[教材原句]　But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with ‎ a breakthrough — the cloning of Dolly the sheep.‎ 但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。‎ pay for　　　　　　　　　 付钱；为……付出代价 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 pay attention to 注意；留心 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again？(2017·天津高考书面表达)‎ ‎②I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.‎ 单句改错 ‎③As students, we should pay more attentions to our habits which we develop in our study.attentions→attention 补全句子 ‎④I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay_off.‎ 我也希望我付出的努力能得到回报。‎ ‎[名师指津]　 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。‎ ‎2．in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ ‎[经典例句]　The car is in good condition, looking like the newly bought one.‎ 这辆车状况良好，就跟新买的一样。‎ out of condition　　　　　 健康状况欠佳 on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)‎ on condition that ... 在……条件下；倘若 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.‎ ‎②We can build a harmonious society on condition that everyone behaves himself.‎ 补全句子 ‎③The teacher always reminds us, “On no condition can_we_give_up our dreams.”‎ 老师总是告诫我们“在任何情况下我们都不能放弃我们的梦想”。‎ ‎3．that引导的表语从句 The advantage is that_if_there_is_a_new_illness_some_of_these_animals_may_die,_but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。‎ 句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。‎ ‎①The advantage of smiling is that_it_can_not_only_make_us_happy,_but also please others.‎ 微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。‎ ‎②Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.‎ 请把你有的申请这个职位的所有候选人的信息都发给我们。‎ ‎③Experts_believe_that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013·北京高考单选)‎ 专家们认为人们只有在必要时购物就会浪费较少的食物。‎ Ⅰ.根据语境选用合适的短语填空 in good condition, be bound to, pay off, cast down, in vain, bring back to life, from time to time, strike ...into one's heart ‎1．I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?‎ ‎2．To avoid accidents, it's important to check that all your tools are in_good_condition before starting.‎ ‎3．Don't let yourself be cast_down by a small failure in the experiment, try again.‎ ‎4．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.‎ ‎5．Keep on working hard like this, and your research_is_bound_to_obtain great success.‎ ‎6．The athlete's years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.‎ ‎7．Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.‎ ‎8．All efforts will be in_vain if we can't learn English by practicing repeatedly.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．I have lost his address, and it is a trouble.‎ ‎→The trouble is that_I_have_lost_his_address.‎ ‎2．Because I can't afford the time, I had to give up the plan.‎ ‎→Unable_to_afford_the_time,_I had to give up the plan. ‎ ‎3．Many people are going to help us, and we are sure to finish it in time.‎ ‎→With so many people to_help_us,_we are sure to finish it in time.‎ ‎4．What surprises many people is that the idea of computers' recognizing human voices.‎ ‎→The_idea_that_computers_can_recognize human voices surprises many people.‎ ‎5．Cloning animals, which is not so straightforward as cloning plants, is far more complicated.‎ ‎→Cloning plants is straightforward while_cloning_animals_is far more complicated.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)‎ A disadvantage of copying others' homework is that_you_can_not_master_what_you_have _learned.‎ ‎2．他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)‎ He had just taken his seat; then came_the_headteacher.‎ ‎3．我的多数同学想去公园而我想到去参观博物馆。 (while并列句)‎ Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_visit_ a_museum.‎ ‎4．你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think作插入语)‎ Who_do_you_think_was_the_most_important_woman_of_the_past_100_years?‎ ‎5．新的学期很快就要开始了，我们将会再次忙碌起来。(with复合结构)‎ With_the_new_term_to_begin_soon,_we'll_be_very_busy_again.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——复习同位语(词、短语和从句作同位语)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.‎ ‎2．He is interested in sports, especially ball games (game)．‎ ‎3．We students all respect him Mr. Johnson, our (we) English teacher.‎ ‎4．His suggestion that the meeting be delayed was turned down.　‎ ‎5．He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.‎ ‎6．Qinghai Lake, the largest inland body of salt water in China, lies 3,198 metres above sea level.‎ ‎7．His only interest in life, travelling (travel) around, has brought him a lot of friends.‎ ‎8．We expressed the hope that you would come and visit China again.‎ ‎9．They haven't solved the problem what went wrong with the machine.‎ ‎10．Next, let's talk about the matter who will go to the conference.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Two of us will be sent there, Tom and me.me→I ‎2．With time going, the doubt that the team would win disappeared.that→whether ‎3．I am looking forward to visiting Beijing, a city with many famous place of interest.place→places ‎4．Many people are worried about the possibility the computer will control the mankind.possibility后加that ‎5．Everyone agreed to his suggestion which we should hold a meeting to talk about the problem.which→that Ⅲ.补全或翻译句子(注意使用同位语)‎ ‎1．他读过各种各样的古今中外的书籍。‎ He read all kinds of books, ancient_and_modern,_Chinese_and_foreign.‎ ‎2．他建议我们在周末前把活干完是有道理的。‎ His suggestion that_we_should_finish_the_work by the weekend is reasonable.‎ ‎3．如何选拔优秀运动员，这个问题我们下周在讨论。‎ The question how_we_choose_the_top_players will be discussed next week.‎ ‎4．王老师非常关心我们学生。‎ Mr.Wang_cares_for_us_students_very_much.‎ ‎5．我在找一份修车的工作。‎ I'm_looking_for_a_job,_repairing_cars._‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练补写——让行文更条理 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假定你是Mary，请你给一家英文报社的编辑写一封信，告诉他你们班同学对克隆的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。词数100左右。‎ ‎[补写提示]　请按提示线索补写下列习作 Dear editor，‎ Recently in my class there is a heated debate about “To clone or not”．赞成的学生认为克隆技术可挽救濒危动物；可再造人体器官用来移植，为老年人和病人带来福音 反对克隆的学生认为克隆人容易提前衰老或死亡；克隆人的出现会使社会混乱 In my opinion, cloning is a new technology, so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human beings.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Mary ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear editor，‎ Recently in my class there is a heated debate about “To clone or not”．The_students_for_cloning_say_that_cloning_can_help_the_wildlife_in_danger,_and_we_can_have_more_and_more_wildlife_in_the_world,_and_it_can_help_the_old_and_the_sick._For_example,_some_cloned_organs_can_be_transplanted_in_their_bodies.‎ However,_the_students_against_it_say_that_cloning_can_speed_up_the_rate_of_growing_‎ old_and_death.What's_worse,_cloning_can_make_our_society_confused._There_would_be_two_or_more_of_you,_two_or_more_of_your_parents_and_so_on.‎ In my opinion, cloning is a new technology, so scientists should do their best to make full use of it to help human beings.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Mary Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·宁夏银川市重点中学高三模拟)Belgium is the land of music festivals. There are rock, pop, world, electronic music festivals and more, so you're sure to find a festival that suits your taste.‎ Groezrock Groezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium. This festival grew from a small event to an international festival that had 33,000 visitors in 2016. If you're into the harder stuff (东西), this is where you need to go.‎ When? April 29－30, 2017. Where? Meerhout. Music? Punk, emo, ska and rock in all its variations. Free? No.‎ Sfinks Mixed Sfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do besides watching the performances. Good to know for families: Sfinks is a kidfriendly festival, with workshops, storytelling and performances aimed at children.‎ When? July 27－30, 2017.Where? Boechout.Music? World.Free? The festival is free; the camping is not.‎ Graspop Metal Meeting If Groezrock doesn't seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might. As the name says, this festival is all about metal, rock and punk. In 2016 the festival received 140,000 visitors who came to watch the more than 100 bands performing.‎ When? June 16－18, 2017. Where? Dessel. Music? Metal. Free? No.‎ Genk on Stage Genk on Stage is a pop musical with not only a lot of Belgian artists, but also some international names. 80,000 people attended Genk on Stage in 2016.‎ When? June 23－25, 2017. Where? Genk. Music? Pop. Free? Yes.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者推介了比利时几个重要的音乐节。‎ ‎1．Which may kick off (开始) the festival season in Belgium?‎ A．Groezrock.　　　　　　　 B．Sfinks Mixed.‎ C．Graspop Metal Meeting. D．Genk on Stage.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Groezrock部分中的“Groezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium.”可知，Groezrock拉开了比利时音乐节的序幕。‎ ‎2．What do we know about Sfinks Mixed?‎ A．It enjoys worldwide popularity.‎ B．It's mainly targeted at kids.‎ C．It combines fun with culture.‎ D．It features certain types of music.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Sfinks Mixed部分中的“Sfinks is a world music festival that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do ...”可知，该音乐节将娱乐和文化结合在一起。‎ ‎3．Where are crazy metal music enthusiasts most likely to go?‎ A．Meerhout. B．Boechout.‎ C．Genk. D．Dessel.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据Graspop Metal Meeting部分中的“If Groezrock doesn't seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might.”“this festival is all about metal, rock and punk”可知，对于狂热的金属乐爱好者，Graspop Metal Meeting可能更适合他们；再结合下文的“Where? Dessel.”可知举办地是Dessel，故选D。‎ B Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this film, scientists use DNA kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. That's nothing more than a fiction.‎ But could we really clone endangered animals?‎ To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare oxlike animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a common bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope (羚羊), the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.‎ Next, could we really clone extinct animals?‎ In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a wellkept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth (毛象), Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a_surrogate_mother.‎ In reality? Probably not. On the one hand, it's not likely that extinct animals' DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. Cloning such extinct animals as wool mammoth,‎ ‎ Tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly wellpreserved DNA. On the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as a surrogate mother, definitely not a monkey. But what about an extinct animal as unique as the panda? What species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother?‎ Cloning presents many exciting possibilities. However, even if extinct animals were brought back, they could not survive in today's world. Not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to live in, but the other plants and animals they depended on for food may also be gone as well.‎ 语篇解读：本文说明了在克隆灭绝动物的过程中遇到的重重困难与障碍。即使克隆成功了，其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链也已经被破坏，被克隆出来的动物也无法继续生存下去。‎ ‎4．It can be learned from the text that ________.‎ A．the gaur is an extinct species B．the gaur lives in Asia and is endangered C．scientists have cloned the African bongo antelope D．both the cheetah and the giant panda live in Asia 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，印度野牛生活在亚洲的东南部，濒临灭绝。‎ ‎5．The underlined words “a surrogate mother” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to a female who ________.‎ A．gives birth to a baby of its own B．cannot give birth to a baby C．gives birth to a baby for another female D．provides DNA 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第五段的描述可知，此处表示的是，把一种动物的DNA提取出来之后，在另外一种动物的体内进行胚胎繁殖，而这种动物就被称为a surrogate mother，由此判断，画线部分意思为“代孕妈妈”，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．The difficulty in cloning an extinct species is the lack of ________.‎ A．both the wellpreserved DNA and a surrogate mother B．both the habitat to live in and the wellpreserved DNA C．both the wellpreserved DNA and plants to live on D．both the habitat to live in and plants to live on 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“On the one hand ... On the other hand ...”两个方面的表述可知，克隆的困难在于一是要寻找灭绝动物的保存完好的DNA，二是要寻找到合适的代孕的物种，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．In the author's opinion, it is possible that ________.‎ A．all the extinct species may be cloned B．extinct species may be cloned and easily survive C．a gaur can have a monkey as a surrogate mother D．some extinct species may be cloned, but not survive 解析：选D　推理判断题。本文作者客观叙述了在克隆灭绝动物过程中所存在的种种困难与障碍。根据最后一段的表述可知，也许克隆存在众多的可能性，但是即使克隆成功了，也许会由于其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链已经灭绝而无法继续存活下去。由此判断D项正确。‎ C Plant cloning has been an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries. Grafting (嫁接) is a common form of plant cloning. Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually (无性生殖地)．‎ Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants, so their yield (产量) is more reliable. Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting. It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods. Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available. With higher yield at a faster rate, farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs.‎ Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops. This would make plants immune to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the world fear each year. Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past. Also, plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning.‎ Through cloning scientists can develop super fruits and vegetables of superior (更好的) nutritional quality. This could make for a healthier population overall. This has already been done through selective pollination (授粉), and genetic cloning could take it to the next level.‎ By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive. While there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning, there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation (繁衍) of the human species.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了植物克隆的好处。‎ ‎8．The underlined word “optimized” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．grown　　　　　　　　 B．produced C．perfected D．examined 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据“so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available”可知，optimize与perfect的意思相近。‎ ‎9．According to the text, cloned plants ________.‎ A．have lower yield than normal plants B．need less care from people C．prevent various kinds of diseases D．have a shorter growth cycle 解析：选D　细节理解题。从第二段中的“Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting.”可知，克隆的植物的生长周期短。‎ ‎10．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The fruits produced by cloned plants taste much better.‎ B．There are more cloned plants than normal plants now.‎ C．Plant cloning can disturb the laws of nature.‎ D．People should avoid eating cloned fruits.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。从最后一段中的“By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive.”可知，克隆会破坏自然界的规律。‎ ‎11．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To warn the negative effects of plant cloning.‎ B．To show different kinds of plant cloning.‎ C．To predict the future of plant cloning.‎ D．To introduce the advantages of plant cloning.‎ 解析：选D　写作目的题。文章的第二、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处，所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。‎ D The worldfamous British Museum has a secret: a hidden study where anyone can request private viewings of prints and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more.‎ On the fourth floor of the British Museum, in a quiet corner, is an ordinary door. I first opened the door a few years ago, and was shown into a room with a glass ceiling and cabinets filled with cardboard boxes. Those boxes hold Britain's national collection of prints and drawings.‎ Studying a work of art in your own time at a desk is a very different experience from looking at it in a museum or a gallery. It is much closer to how the artists themselves would have viewed their work. I was drawn into the images, which still felt fresh and immediate decades after their creation.‎ I asked the archivist if I could see Michelangelo's ink drawing of a philosopher. The drawing shows a bearded man holding a round object: perhaps a rock or a glass ball. That the drawing was unfinished made it more interesting. Was the drawing an old man thinking about death, an alchemist weighing a fresh piece of gold, or a philosopher turning over the stone of knowledge?‎ I looked at it until the archivist told me they were about to close for the day.‎ Since that first visit, I have gone back to the study room several times, usually to look at the ‎ works from the period I was researching. Very occasionally I asked for the Michelangelo drawing. Although_I_know_that_it_prefers_to_be_in_the_dark,_I_also_like_to_think_that,_every_now_and_then,_it_enjoyed_being_looked_at.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。世界著名的大英博物馆有一个秘密：一个隐藏的书房，在那里任何人可以请求欣赏伦勃朗、米开朗基罗等人的绘画和素描。‎ ‎12．The secret study in the British Museum ________.‎ A．is not eyecatching among various reading rooms B．is open only to those who do research on works of art C．is a special room for showing private paintings D．contains the British collection of all drawings 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段第一句中的“in a quiet corner, is an ordinary door”可知，这个书房很隐秘且不易被发现和注意到。故选A。‎ ‎13．What's the advantage of visiting the study according to the author?‎ A．The drawings there are completely fresh.‎ B．Visitors don't need to speak to each other.‎ C．Drawings are appreciated at a desk instead of on a wall.‎ D．Viewers get close to works physically and mentally.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，一个人在秘密书房里欣赏名家作品既可以近观作品，也能从内心上更接近艺术家。故选D。‎ ‎14．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?‎ A．The Michelangelo drawing is usually kept from being shown.‎ B．The author is deeply attracted by the Michelangelo drawing.‎ C．The author has a dialogue in spirit with the Michelangelo drawing.‎ D．The Michelangelo drawing has a special value for the author's research.‎ 解析：选B　句意理解题。根据本句中的“Although”引导让步状语从句以及第三段最后一句“I was drawn into the images, which still felt fresh and immediate decades after their creation.”可知，作者知道米开朗基罗的作品是藏品，但偶尔还是想拿出来欣赏。由此可推知，作者被他的作品深深吸引。故选B。‎ ‎15．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The author is a historian studying famous people in different periods.‎ B．The British Museum tends to offer visitors a fair chance.‎ C．The author visited the study mainly because she admired Michelangelo.‎ D．The drawings by Michelangelo are too difficult for viewers to understand.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“anyone can request private viewings of prints ‎ and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more”可推知，大英博物馆为每人都提供公平的机会。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Too often an inappropriate view gets around us that it is our physical conditions that make us happy or unhappy. As a consequence, physical conditions have been overstated.‎ ‎__1__， that is, good standard of living, high goals that we want to obtain, surrounding ourselves with a nice house, nice car, nice clothes, etc. __2__. But many times once we obtain our goals and are surrounded by what we thought would make us happy, we are still unhappy.‎ Also on the other end of the stick, many, many people are unhappy now, because they have not obtained their goals and __3__， which, consequently, adds to their dissatisfaction with life.‎ So this is why so many people keep themselves for most of their lives in a state of “incompleteness” and unhappiness, and this is why so many super successful people still aren't happy. The reason is that __4__. They think that the Universe should give them what they want first and then they'll be happy. But that just puts a barrier in between them and happiness because of the way the Universe is set up.‎ The message here is to understand that your desires tell you where you want to put your focus in your life, however, __5__. You make yourself happy from the inside out, not the outside in. Do not require certain conditions be met for your happiness, because it won't work anyway.‎ A．We have different ways to get what really makes us happy B．they don't have what they want in life C．We set out to get happy by trying to control all the wonderful conditions around ourselves D．they are never there to be found in life E．they should not control your happiness in this moment F．We may think this is the key to our happiness G．they don't realize how to get happy 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。本文谈论的是人们认为的幸福实际上并没有给人们带来幸福，作者就如何才能得到真正的幸福提出了自己的观点。‎ ‎1．选C　根据上文中的“physical conditions”及下文中的“good standard of living ...nice clothes”可知，C项“我们通过努力掌控我们身边美好的物质条件来获取幸福”与上文相呼应，与“that is”后面的解释也一致。故选C。‎ ‎2．选F　根据语境可知，很多时候当我们拥有了良好的生活标准，实现了我们想要的目标，拥有了漂亮的房子、车子、衣服时，我们可能就认为这是幸福的关键所在了。F项“我们可能会认为这就是幸福的关键了”衔接上文，并与下文构成转折，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎3．选B　根据语境可知，此处分析了不快乐的人的心理。根据“because they have not obtained their goals”‎ 可知，许多人不快乐是因为没有达到目标，and连接和前面并列的内容。B项“他们没有拥有生活中想要的”也是人们不快乐的原因，并且和下文联系紧密。故选B。‎ ‎4．选G　上文提到，拥有了良好物质条件的人仍然感到不幸福，没有达到目标的人也感到不幸福，此处作者给出他们感到不幸福的理由，因为“他们没有意识到如何获得快乐”。由此可知，G项与上文衔接紧密。故选G。‎ ‎5．选E　上文提到，本文传递的信息就是要让你明白，你的欲望会告诉你，在生活中要看重什么。由however可知，后面的内容应与前面的叙述形成对比，所以E项“这时这些欲望不应该左右你的幸福感”符合语境。故选E。‎