2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案（51页含有答案解析）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案（51页含有答案解析）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案 话题阅读 Why do you need friends? Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.‎ Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures (高兴；快乐) that people can enjoy. However it is very difficult to find what friendship really mean. A true friend does indeed find pleasure in our joy and share sorrow in our grief. When in trouble, he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort. ‎ Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in choosing a friend. We must choose someone who has a good character (个性；性情), whose activities are good and who shows kindness of heart. We should avoid those shallow (肤浅的) people who are easily changed by misfortune. ‎ A true friend can always be trusted, loved and respected. If you tell a friend your secrets, he or she won't tell anyone else. Friends share each other's joys and sorrows. They help each other when they are in trouble, and cheer each other up when they are sad. The most important thing is that a friend always understands you. All in all, when you have made a good friend, don't forget him or her. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Section_ⅠWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Prereading ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　( ‎ ‎ Prereading ‎ Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．upset　　　　　　　　 A．(使)平静；平静的 ‎ ‎2．ignore B．(使)担忧；担心；关注 ‎ ‎3．calm C．完全地；全然地；整个地 ‎4．concern D．不理睬；忽视 ‎ ‎5．series E．雷；雷声；打雷；雷鸣 ‎ ‎6．dusk F．能力；力量；权力 ‎ ‎7．thunder G．连续；系列 ‎8．entirely H．心烦意乱的；使不安；使心烦 ‎ ‎9．power I．积满灰尘的 ‎10．dusty J．黄昏；傍晚 答案：1～5　HDABG　6～10　JECFI ‎ ‎ Background Introduction & Leadin Friends are important to our lives. Everyone needs friends. Who and what else can be your friend? Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?‎ ‎1．Do you have friends？Why do you need friends? ‎ Yes._Because_friends_help_me_with_my_study./Because_everyone_needs_a_partner./We_play_basketball_together./We_help_each_other_in_life_...‎ ‎2．Does a friend always have to be a person? Why or why not? ‎ No._Something_like_pets,_diary,_even_a_tree_..._can_be_friends,_only_if_(只要)_I_can_tell_everything_to_it_or_I_can_share_everything_with_it._‎ ‎ ‎ Whilereading ‎ Fastreading ‎1．First look at the title and the picture of the passage, and then skim the first paragraph of the reading passage and find who was Anne's best friend.‎ Anne's best friend was her_diary.‎ Reading tips Skimming (略读): It's used quickly to find the main idea of a text and get a general idea of the text. ‎ The first paragraph usually tells you what the reading passage will be about. Try to get the topic sentence (主题句) when you read. ‎ ‎2．Why did Anne want a diary to be her friend? ‎ Because_she_could_tell_everything_to_it.‎ ‎ Carefulreading ‎(Ⅰ)Read the reading passage carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.‎ ‎1．According to the passage, we know Anne wanted ________.‎ A．a friend who could help her when she was in trouble B．a friend who could share her feelings and thoughts C．a friend who could laugh at her D．a friend who could play together with ‎2．Anne and her family had been in the hiding place for ________ when she wrote this part of her diary.‎ A．about one year　　　　　 B．about two years C．about three years D．half a year ‎3.How did Anne feel about nature before she and her family hid away?‎ A．She liked it very much.‎ B．She appreciated it.‎ C．She ignored it. ‎ D．She forgot it.‎ ‎4．Anne's feelings changed because ________.‎ A．she was very disappointed B．she was calm C．she wasn't interested in nature D．she was no longer able to go out as she pleased ‎5．Anne did no longer just like looking at nature out of window because ________.‎ A．she found the curtains dirty B．she was badly ill C．she wanted to live a normal life again D．she was discovered by Nazis 答案：1～5　BBCDC ‎(Ⅱ)Read the text carefully and fill in the chart with information in the text.‎ Introduction Anne was a Jewish girl 1.who lived with her parents in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Anne 2.hid away from the German Nazis with her family for nearly twentyfive months before they were 3.discovered.‎ Diary entry — 4.life in the hiding place Anne grew 5.crazy about everything to do with 6.nature. In order to have a good look at the moon, Anne once had to stay 7.awake until half past eleven. On a dark, rainy and windy evening with thundering clouds, it was the 8.first time for her to have seen the night face to face in a year and a half. ‎ Anne's best friend — Kitty Anne made her 9.diary her best friend because she could tell everything she went 10.through to it.‎ ‎ Studyreading Analyze the following sentences in the text that may be difficult to understand.‎ ‎1．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故，我对一切与大自然有关的事物变得无比狂热。‎ ‎2．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　我记得非常清楚，那时湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心迷神往过。‎ ‎ ‎ Postreading Fill in the blanks according to the passage.‎ During World War Ⅱ, Anne and her family had tohide (away) from being discovered by the German Nazis because they were Jewish.It was because she was not  outdoors so long that she felt crazy about nature.Even one evening she stayed awake  until 11:30 in order to look at the moon face to face for herself.She was so lonely that she wanted a true friend who she can tell things like deepest feelings and thoughts.In that situation, she made her diary her best friend which she called Kitty.But she said she didn't want to set down a series of facts □10as most people did.‎ ‎ ‎ Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points 对应学生用书P3‎ ‎ 学前自检——识记会写是前提 项目一必记单词 Ⅰ.基础单词(根据首字母和汉语提示写出单词)‎ ‎1．I'll have to take a series of tests.‎ ‎2．The mother tried to calm down her crying baby.‎ ‎3．People often see lightning before thunder in the stormy evening.‎ ‎4．The bad news he gave us really upset (使不安) all of us.‎ ‎5．I have lost much weight, so all my clothes are loose (松的)．‎ ‎6．All of his partners(伙伴)helped him through the hard time. ‎ Ⅱ.拓展单词(根据词性及汉语意思写出下列单词)‎ ‎7．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视→ignorance n．无知→ignorant adj.无知的 ‎8．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚→dusky adj.昏暗的；黑暗的 ‎9．dusty adj.积满灰尘的→dust n．灰尘；尘土 ‎10．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的；有关的 ‎11．outdoors adv.在户外；在野外→outdoor adj.室外的→indoor adj.室内的→indoors adv.在室内 ‎12．power n．能力；力量；权力→powerful adj.有力的；强大的；有权力的 ‎13．entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely_ adv.完全地；全然地；整个地 ‎14．German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的n.德国人；德语→Germany n．德国 项目二必会短语 Ⅰ.根据汉语提示写出短语 ‎1．add_up　　　　　　　　 合计 ‎2．calm(...)down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 ‎3．be_concerned_about 关心；挂念 ‎4．walk_the_dog 遛狗 ‎5．go_through 经历；经受 ‎6．set_down 记下；放下；登记 ‎7．a_series_of 一连串的；一系列；一套 ‎8．on_purpose 故意 ‎9．in_order_to 为了……‎ ‎10．at_dusk 在黄昏时刻 ‎11．face_to_face 面对面地 ‎12．no_longer/not_..._any_longer 不再……‎ Ⅱ.选用以上短语填空(其中有两项是多余的)‎ ‎1．We are_concerned_about the security and health of people in disaster area as the earthquake is so violent. ‎ ‎2．It is reported that the country has gone_through poverty and wars.‎ ‎3．I know you hurt me on_purpose according to what you said.‎ ‎4．He had got to set_down what had happened.‎ ‎5．She arrived early in_order_to see the famous movie star.‎ ‎6．The baby is difficult to calm_down and sleep is impossible. ‎ ‎7．The thief ran into another street, but found himself face_to_face with a policeman. ‎ ‎8．Add_up the rest and see how much we have left.‎ ‎9．Finally, I no_longer liked it because I decided something had to change. ‎ ‎10．There's been a_series_of accidents on the road recently.‎ ‎ 师生共研——理解掌握是根本 ‎ ‎ add up　合计 ‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Add up these figures, and you will get 100.‎ 把这些数字加起来，你会得到100。‎ add up to 　　　 加起来是……；相当于 add to 增加；促进(在原有基础上增加)‎ add ... to ... 把……加到……上 add that ... 补充说……‎ 形象记忆 ‎ ‎②Many small victories add_up_to a big one. ‎ 积小胜为大胜。‎ ‎③Every failure one meets with adds to one's experience.‎ ‎[谚语]吃一堑，长一智。‎ ‎④He added his trouble to my work.‎ 他把麻烦转嫁到我的工作上。‎ ‎⑤He decided to leave, but he added that he would visit me again a month later. ‎ 他决定离开，但他补充说一个月之后会再来看我。‎ ‎⑥“Reform is not to add to or reduce a ministry, but to see how much the people can benefit and how much progress it can bring to society.”‎ ‎“改革不是多一个或少一个部，要看人民得什么好处、社会进步多少。”——2013两会代表精彩语录 ‎[语境串记]‎ He added that he could add what he added up just now to the first one. ‎ 他补充说他可以把刚才合计的内容加到第一个上。‎ ‎ ‎ upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻 ‎[记法]‎ ‎(1)up(向上) ＋ set(落下)＝ 七上八下，忐忑 adj. 心烦意乱的 ‎(2)图解upset多层含义 ‎ ‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Many American people were upset about the phonehacking affair recently.‎ 最近很多美国人因为“窃听门”事件而心烦。‎ ‎②People in the city were upset that water supply had been cut off.‎ 在城市生活的人们因断水而心烦。‎ ‎③It upset him that/What upset him was that he had lost his wallet.‎ 丢钱包的事让他心烦。‎ ‎④It upset me to hear such bad news.‎ 听到这样的坏消息使我不爽。‎ ‎(1)be upset about sth.　　　　 为某事心烦 ‎(2)be upset that ... 为……心烦 ‎(3)It upsets sb. that .../What upsets sb. is that ...‎ ‎ 让某人心烦的是…… ‎ ‎(4)It upsets sb. to_do sth. 做某事使某人不快 ‎ ‎ 名师点津：在It upsets sb. that ...和It upsets sb. to do sth.中，it作形式主语，真正的主语分别是that从句和to do不定式。‎ ‎[联想]‎ upset 作动词时，其过去式、过去分词及现在分词分别为upset — upset — upsetting。变化形式与其相同的单词还有很多，如cut, let, put, set等。‎ ‎[文化链接]‎ What upsets English people most in daily life?‎ ‎1．外面热到死、办公室里冷气又冻到死。‎ ‎2．钱太多了钱包合不起来。‎ ‎3．买了个洗碗机吧，把碗收好放进去、洗好再拿出来的总时间比自己洗还长……‎ ‎4．奶酪太硬。‎ ‎5．超市里没有半脂的牛奶、只有全脂的了……‎ ‎6．耳机线在包包里乱成一团。‎ ‎7．指甲油部分脱落。‎ ‎8．清洁工请了一天假……‎ ‎9．晒太阳的时候不小心忘了取下表或是首饰，于是有了奇怪的晒痕……‎ ‎10．撞衫！！‎ ‎...‎ ‎ ‎ ignore vt.　不理睬；忽视 ‎[用法]‎ We cannot ignore such bad behaviour.‎ 我们不能对这种不良行为视而不见。‎ ‎[Word family]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[语境串记]‎ He ignored my advice, so he is in ignorance of/ignorant of his serious trouble now. ‎ 他不听我的忠告，所以现在他不知道自己有棘手的麻烦。‎ ‎[联想]‎ 与ignore词性变化类似的还有：‎ ‎①importance n. — important adj.‎ ‎②distance n. — distant adj.‎ calm vt.& vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①It took the baby an hour or so to calm down. ‎ 小宝宝闹了大约一小时才平静下来。‎ ‎②He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down. ‎ 他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。‎ ‎(1)calm down　　　　　　　　　　 平静下来_‎ ‎(2)calm sb. down 使某人平静下来 ‎[辨析]　calm, quiet, silent, still 试一试　选择上述单词填空 Everything was quiet except the heavy rain struck the window. Then the mudslide (泥石流) happened, but the frightened people stood there still,_not knowing what to do. He remained calm in face of the danger, and led all the people to go to the safe place. Later he kept silent over his brave behavior.‎ 辨一辨 calm 天气、水、水面等风平浪静；指人时表示镇定自如 quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静 silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语 still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动 意境巧记“安静”四兄弟 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；(利害)关系 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①We were rather concerned about/for the earthquake in Ya'an.‎ 我们相当关注雅安地震。‎ ‎②The book is mainly concerned with food safety.‎ 这部书主要讲的是食品安全问题。‎ ‎③As far as I am concerned, I am strongly against it. ‎ 就我而言，我强烈反对这种观点。‎ ‎(1)be concerned about/for　　　 关心；为……担心 ‎(2)be concerned with 牵涉到；与……有关 ‎(3)as_far_as ... be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言 ‎ ‎ ‎[Word family]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[语境串记]‎ ‎①As far as I am concerned, I am very concerned about/for him, because he is concerned with the case. ‎ 就我而言，我很担心他，因为他跟这件案子有牵连。‎ ‎②As far as the new policy on food safety is concerned, what concerns us most is what we can ‎ eat while some are concerned about/for how.‎ 就食品安全政策而言，我们最关心的是能吃什么，然而有些人关心的是怎么吃。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎“be＋adj.＋with”结构短语还有哪些？请补全。‎ ‎①be angry with　　　　　　　　 生某人的气 ‎②be familiar/unfamiliar with 对……感到熟悉/不熟悉 ‎③be satisfied with 对……满意 ‎ ‎ go through　经历；经受；完成；仔细检查；审查；用完；花完；用掉；穿越；(法案等)通过 ‎[记法]‎ 口诀记忆：go ＋through 要穿越，经历审查就通过，花完用掉要牢记，完成之后细检查。‎ ‎[用法]‎ 写出下列各句中go through 的含义 ‎①Recent years we have gone through too many natural disasters, such as earthquake, floods and mudslide. 经受 ‎②The new plan went through, which shocked us. (法案等)通过 ‎③I seem to have gone through a lot of money.　 花完 ‎④The professor will go through the experiment soon. 完成 ‎⑤I always start the day by going through my mail. 仔细检查 ‎[语境串记]‎ We went through all our money last month, because we went through many difficulties. Therefore, this month we'll go through the cost plan.‎ 因为遇到了诸多困难，上个月我们花光了所有的钱。因此，这个月我们要仔细检查一下花费计划。‎ set down 记下；放下；登记；让……下车 ‎[记法]‎ 口诀记忆：set ＋ down义不多，记下放下就下车。‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎(1)记下；写下 ‎①I will set down the story as it was told to me.‎ 我要把这听来的故事原原本本地记下来。‎ ‎(2)放下 ‎②He set down the heavy box and rested for a while. ‎ 他放下沉重的箱子歇了一会儿。‎ ‎(3)让……下车 ‎③The bus stopped to set down an old lady. ‎ 公共汽车停下来让一个老太太下车。‎ 名师点津：set down中down是副词，若代词作宾语，须放中间。‎ ‎④She was listening carefully and set something down.‎ 她认真听着，并记下了什么东西。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎ ‎ a series of　一连串的；一系列；一套 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①He saw a series of traffic signs on the road.‎ 他看见马路上有一连串交通标志。‎ ‎②Before launched, a series of tests has been carried out on Shenzhou X spacecraft.‎ 发射前，神舟十号飞船接受了一系列的测试。‎ ‎③Three series of papers are handed out to the students.‎ 给学生们发了三套试题。‎ 名师点津：series的单复数形式相同，“... series of ＋ n．”作主语时，谓语动词的数应与series在句中的具体意义一致。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎“a＋n.＋ of”结构短语还有哪些？请补全。‎ ‎①a piece of　　　　　　 一片；一块；一件 ‎ ‎②a pair of 一双；一对 ‎③a group of 一组 ‎④a pile of 一堆；一摞 ‎⑤a set of 一套；一副 ‎ ‎ on purpose　故意 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①The Japanese government did it on purpose.‎ 日本政府做这件事绝非偶然。‎ for the purpose ofwith the purpose of 目的是……‎ ‎②The Shenzhou X spacecraft has been launched for the purpose of docking with the Tiangong1.‎ 神舟十号飞船已经发射，此行的目的是与天宫一号对接。‎ ‎③She seems to do these things on purpose with the purpose of attracting others. ‎ 她似乎是有意那样做以引起别人的注意。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎①on purpose的同义短语为：by design。‎ ‎②其反义短语为：by chance和by accident，意为“偶然地”。‎ in order to　为了……‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①In order to keep up with his classmates, he works hard.‎ ‎＝He works hard in order to keep up with his classmates.‎ ‎＝He works hard so that/in order that he could keep up with his classmates.‎ ‎＝He works hard so as to keep up with his classmates.‎ 为了跟上他的同学们，他刻苦学习。‎ ‎(1)in_order_to_do可以放在句首或句中 ‎(2)so_as_to_do不能放于句首 ‎(3)in_order_that 和so_that后面要跟从句，且常用情态动词may, might, could, can ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ power n．能力；力量；权力 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Hillary Clinton said that she would like to see a woman president come to power in the United States in her lifetime.‎ 希拉里•克林顿说：她希望在自己的有生之年能看到一位美国女总统上任执政。‎ ‎②The party in power expected to attract the support of more people this time, but in fact they lost votes. ‎ 执政党期望这次能得到更多人的支持，但实际上他们却输掉了。‎ ‎③Some animals have the power to see in the dark. ‎ 有些动物具有在黑暗中能看见东西的本领。‎ ‎④The previous party lost power last month.‎ 前政党上个月下台了。‎ ‎⑤The manager knew clearly that was beyond/out of his power.‎ 经理知道此事已非他能力所及。‎ ‎(1)come_to power ＝ take power 　　 上台；执政 ‎(2)be in power 执政；掌权 ‎(3)have the power to_do_sth. 具有……的能力 ‎(4)lose power 失政权 ‎(5)beyond/out_of one's power 力所不能及的 ‎ ‎ 名师点津：be in power表示状态；come to power ＝ take power表示动作，不能与时间段连用。如：‎ The new government has been in power for three years.＝The new government took/came to power three years ago.‎ 新政府执政三年了。‎ ‎[语境串记]‎ The party in power now has the power to come to power again.‎ 现在的执政党具有再次上台执政的能力。‎ ‎ 学后体验——活学活用是目的 ‎[单一考点演练]‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．He would ________ fire and water for his country.‎ A．go on B．go through C．go with D．go against 解析：选B　句意：为了祖国他甘愿赴汤蹈火。go through “经历；经受”，符合句意。go on “继续”；go with “伴随；陪……一起去”；go against “背叛；违背；违反”。‎ ‎2．In time of great danger, it's important to keep ________.‎ A．quiet B．calm C．still D．silent 解析：选B　句意：在极度危险之际，重要的是保持镇静。calm “平静的；镇静的；沉着的”，符合句意。quiet“安静的”；still“静止的；不动的”； silent“寂静的；沉默的”。‎ ‎3．He has left his book here________ so that you can read it.‎ A．by mistake B．on purpose C．by accident D．by chance 解析：选B　句意：他特地把书留在这儿，这样你就可以读了。by mistake“错误地”；by accident和by chance意为“偶然地”，不符合句意。所以选B项。‎ ‎4．I stopped and said hello to her when I saw her, but she ________ me completely and walked on.‎ A．ignored B．followed C．helped D．allowed 解析：选A　句意：我看见她时停下来向她打招呼，可她根本不理我，并且继续向前走。ignore“不理睬；忽视”，符合题意。follow“跟随”；help“帮助”；allow“允许”。‎ ‎5．Two ________ of English textbooks will have been tried in our province in the next three years.‎ A．series B．groups C．parts D．pieces 解析：选A　句意：在未来的三年里，我们省要试用两套英语教科书。a series of“一系列；一套”；series单复数形式相同，two series of English textbooks“两套英语教科书”。group“组；团体；群”；part“部分；角色”；piece“张；片；块”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．It was being_ignorant_of_his_mistake_that caused his failure in that important competition, thus he lost his chance to go abroad to get further education.(ignorant)‎ 正是他忽视自己的错误导致了他在那次重要竞赛中的失败，因此他丧失了出国深造的机会。‎ ‎2．When you are faced with the danger, the most important thing for you to do is to_remain_calm.(calm)‎ 当面临危险，对你来说最重要的事情就是保持冷静。‎ ‎[多维考点演练]‎ ‎1．upset“多棱镜”‎ ‎(1)用upset的适当形式填空 ‎①He stood up suddenly, upsetting a cup of coffee on my shirt, which made me upset.‎ ‎②It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.‎ ‎(2)一句多译 让我们感到心烦的是他总是说谎。‎ ‎①We_are_upset_that he is always lying.‎ ‎②It_upsets_us_that he is always telling lies.‎ ‎③_What_upsets_us_is_that he is always telling lies.‎ ‎2．concern“点点练”‎ ‎(1)介词填空 ‎①The report is mainly concerned with the situation in Syria.‎ ‎②The president expressed great concern about/for the incident.‎ ‎(2)用concern及其派生词的适当形式填空 ‎①I enjoyed the great benefit of his instructions concerning the matter.‎ ‎②This company is more concerned about quality than quantity.‎ ‎(3)根据提示完成小片段 依我看，教育工作者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题，并关注教育工作。‎ ‎①As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_educators should ②concern_themselves_about the problem that ③concerns the healthy growth of the children and ④be_concerned_with the work of the education.‎ ‎3．add短语“面面观”‎ ‎(1)选词填空 add up， add up to， add to， add ... to ...‎ ‎①The wonderful scenery added_to our pleasure. ‎ ‎②Before eating, please add some salt to the dish. ‎ ‎③The boss asked his secretary to add_up the figures in this column. ‎ ‎④What all his excuses add_up_to is that he doesn't intend helping us. ‎ ‎(2)It was shameful to be found sleeping in class.His classmates' laughter only ________ his embarrassment.‎ A．added to B．appealed to C．referred to D．applied to 解析：选A　句意：被发现在课堂上睡觉是丢脸的事，同学们的嘲笑增添了他的尴尬。add to“增添”；appeal to“对……有吸引力”；refer to“提及；参考”；apply to“适用于”。‎ ‎4．set短语“个个清”‎ 介、副词填空 ‎①He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them. ‎ ‎②My friend tries to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercise.‎ ‎③The children settled down and set out to do their homework.‎ ‎④Some boys were setting off fireworks in the street.‎ ‎⑤The painter rose up, setting about painting his unfinished work.‎ ‎⑥The brothers set up their first business under their own power.‎ 对应学生用书P8‎ ‎ 佳句背诵——背出语感是关键 背教材原句 背写作佳句(先填后背)‎ ‎1.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. ‎ 遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。 1.Reading tips can help you understand the meaning of the passage while_reading. ‎ 阅读时，阅读技巧有助于你理解文章的意思。‎ ‎2.I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. ‎ 不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故，我对一切与大自然有关的事物变得无比狂热。 2.It_is not how much we do but what we do to our work that benefits. ‎ 益于我们工作的是我们对此做了些什么，而不是做了多少。‎ ‎3.... it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face ... ‎ ‎……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚…… 3.It_is_the_first_time_that_I_have_gone_through_such an exciting occasion. ‎ 这是我第一次经历如此令人激动的一刻。‎ ‎ 师生共研——理解掌握是根本 ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ while walking ...是状语从句的省略，相当于while (you were) walking ...。‎ ‎①They are building a new company while expanding the old one.‎ 他们在扩建老公司的同时也在建设新公司。‎ ‎②While_listening,_the secretary set down a series of what the manager said. ‎ 秘书边听边记录了一些经理讲的话。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ 省略句的条件 when, while, before, after, unless, as if等状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it ‎ 状语从句谓语中含有be动词 省略句的形式 省略从句中的主语和be动词 省略句动词的形式 主语与谓语动词若是主动关系，则用现在分词；若是被动关系，则用过去分词；若未发生，则用不定式 ‎③When_singing,_I heard my name called. ‎ 唱歌的时候，我听到有人喊我的名字。‎ ‎④He won't come unless asked. ‎ 除非被要求，否则他不会来的。‎ ‎⑤He rushed in as if to speak. ‎ 他冲进来好像要说什么。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ 此句为主从复合句；其中if引导宾语从句，从句中使用了强调句型It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋原句剩余部分，强调的内容是because引导的原因状语从句。此强调句型所强调的部分可以是单词、短语或从句，但结构必须完整；被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语等，但不能是定语或谓语。‎ ‎①It was Mary that/who I met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语)‎ 昨天我在街上遇见的是玛丽。‎ ‎②It was I that/who met Mary in the street yesterday.(强调主语)‎ 昨天是我在街上遇见玛丽的。‎ ‎③It was in the street that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语)‎ 昨天我是在街上遇见玛丽的。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ 对not ... until ...句式的强调： It is/was＋ not until ...＋that＋原句剩余部分。(that后的谓语动词用肯定式)‎ ‎④It_was_not_until the man standing close to my partner showed up that we added to our pleasure.‎ 一直到站在我的搭档旁边的那个人出现时才给我们带来了乐趣。‎ 名师点津：(1)何时that何时who：强调句一般用that；若被强调的部分是人时，可以用that或who。‎ ‎ (2)强调句的判断标准：若去掉It is/was ... that/who ...，剩余部分的句式结构依然完整、句意仍然明确，则为强调句型；反之，则不是。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ 本句中“It was/is＋the＋序数词＋time＋that从句”表示“这是某人第……次做某事”。 ‎ ‎①It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.‎ 那是我第一次去长城。‎ ‎②It is the second time that_I_have_visited the small village.‎ 这是我第二次参观这个小村庄。‎ 名师点津：(1)此句型中的it可用this或that来代替。‎ ‎(2)此句型中，若主句中的be动词为was，从句中谓语则用过去完成时；若主句中的be动词为is，从句中谓语则用现在完成时。‎ ‎ 学后体验——活学活用是目的 Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．I think it is her personality rather than her looks that_strikes_me. Asking her to marry me is my dream.(strike)‎ ‎ 我想是她的个性而非她的相貌打动了我。 让她嫁给我是我的梦想。‎ ‎2．It is only when the venomous snakes are disturbed that_they_will_attack human beings.(attack)‎ 毒蛇只有当受到打扰的时候才会攻击人。‎ ‎3．It is the first time in his life that he_has_gone_through such sufferings.(go)‎ 这是他有生以来第一次经历这样的磨难。‎ ‎4．Don't worry.The drug, if_(it_is)_taken according to the directions, will have no side effect.(take) ‎ 别担心。如果按照说明来服用，这药就不会有副作用。‎ ‎5．I have tried to keep his advice in mind while_(I_am)_making_this_plan,_for he is an expert at designing bridges. (make)‎ 制定这个计划时，我设法把他的建议记在心里，因为他是桥梁设计的专家。‎ Ⅱ.句型转换(每空一词)‎ ‎1．While we were dancing in the street, we saw a big truck rushed to the crowds.‎ ‎→While dancing in the street, we saw a big truck rushed to the crowds.‎ ‎2．He said he would not attend the meeting unless he was invited.‎ ‎→He said he would not attend the meeting unless invited.‎ ‎3．Let me know what you need if it is necessary.‎ ‎→Let me know what you need if necessary.‎ ‎4．Tom met his long lost friend in a strange city last week.‎ ‎→It was in a strange city that Tom met his long lost friend last week.‎ ‎5．Yesterday he was attacked by a dog while walking in the street.‎ ‎→Was it he that/who was attacked by a dog while walking in the street yesterday?‎ ‎6．The girl said, “It is the first time that I have visited my penfriend.”‎ ‎→The girl said that it was the first time that she had visited her penfriend.‎ 对应学生用书P9‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.‎ A．added to　　　　　　　　　 B．resulted from C．turned out D．made up 解析：选A　句意：船的发动机出故障了，加上恶劣的天气增加了船员们的无助。根据语境可知是bad weather增加了绝望，因此用add to“增加”。result from“因……而造成”；turn ‎ out“最终结果是”；make up“编造；化妆；补齐”。‎ ‎2．Since Margot found it difficult to settle in a new place, she felt ________ that the family had to move.‎ A．upset B．crazy C．happy D．easy 解析：选A　句意：玛戈特发现在一个新地方难以安顿下来，她因为不得不搬家而心烦。根据语境可知用upset。‎ ‎3．The captain ordered his men to save only essential supplies before the ship sank, ________ the food, cooking equipment, candles, bedding and clothes.‎ A．specially B．exactly C．particularly D．entirely 解析：选C　句意：船长命令手下人在船下沉之前只去抢救必需品，尤其是食物、炊具、寝具和衣物。particularly “特别地”；specially “特殊地”；exactly “精确地”；entirely “完全地”。‎ ‎4．To the parents' worry, some middle school students are ________ computer games and completely forget their studies.‎ A．crazy about B．fond of C．concerned for D．serious about 解析：选A　句意：让父母们担心的是，一些中学生对电脑游戏很痴迷，完全忘了学习。固定搭配be crazy about表示“沉迷于”。‎ ‎5．They became good friends during the war, and since then their lifelong friendship has ________ tests of life and death.‎ A．gone through B．got through C．stood up D．cleared up 解析：选A　句意：战争期间他们成为朋友，从那以后他们这持续一生的友谊经历了生死考验。根据语境应用go through“经历”。get through“接通电话；通过”；stand up“经得住；站起来”；clear up“说明；整理；(天气)放晴”。‎ ‎6．—You are always full of________.Can you tell me the secret?‎ ‎—Taking plenty of exercise every day.‎ A．power B．strength C．force D．energy 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你总是精力充沛，能告诉我秘诀吗？”“每天进行大量的锻炼。”power“权力；势力；能力”；strength“力量；力气”；force“武力；暴力”；energy“精力；活力；能量”。be full of energy“精力充沛”。由句意可知选D项。‎ ‎7．He called the police at once because he was ________ about his father's safety.‎ A．eager B．upset C．interested D．concerned 解析：选D　考查形容词辨析。句意：他立即报警了，因为他担心父亲的安全。eager“急切的”；upset“烦恼的”；interested“有趣的”；concerned “关心的；担心的”。‎ ‎8．“I'd like to buy some fresh fish，” I shouted to the fisherman. But he ________ my English words and turned to serve the next customer.‎ A．guessed B．forgot C．doubted D．ignored 解析：选D　由turned to serve the next customer可知，那个人不理会我说的话(英语)，ignore ‎“无视；不理睬”符合语境。guess“猜测”；forget“忘记”；doubt“怀疑”。‎ ‎9．Though they have been in touch by QQ, they have never met ________ before.‎ A．shoulder to shoulder B．face to face C．arm in arm D．hand in hand 解析：选B　句意：尽管他们一直通过QQ联系，但是从没见过面。face to face “面对面地”，符合题意。shoulder to shoulder“肩并肩；团结一致”；arm in arm “臂挽着臂”；hand in hand “关系密切地；手拉着手地”。‎ ‎10．People in ancient times ________ a series of important events so that we now have what is called history. ‎ A．went down B．kept down C．set down D．broke down ‎ 解析：选C　句意：古代人把一些重要事件记录下来，所以我们现在有了称之为历史的东西。根据语境可知是将事件写下来，因此用set down。go down“下降；被接受；平静下来”；keep down“控制；镇压”；break down“打破；损坏；垮下来；分解”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．What_your_parents_are_most_concerned_about is whether you can be independent to make a living all by yourself in the future.(concern)‎ 你父母最担心的是你将来是否能独立谋生。‎ ‎2．The charming woman went_through_a_series_of_unlucky_accidents in her life.(go)‎ 这个迷人的女子一生中经历了一系列不幸事件。‎ ‎3．She tried_to_ignore those unhappy things, which could give her a sense of relief in some degree.(ignore)‎ 她尽力忽视那些不开心的事情，这在一定程度上使她有了放松的感觉。‎ ‎4．It_was_the_first_time_that she had set down her experiences.(it)‎ 这是她第一次记下她的经历。‎ ‎5．She tried to_calm_down though she felt upset.(calm)‎ 尽管她觉得伤心，她还是努力使自己平静下来。‎ ‎6．She thought she would no_longer_be_troubled_with it. (longer)‎ 她认为她不会再受其困扰了。 ‎ Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅱ中的句子完成语段训练 这位漂亮女人生活中经历了一连串不幸的事情。她竭力不去理会那些不愉快的事，但是她第一次发现很难平静下来。这让她心烦。为了忘却那些烦恼，她在想能否把全部的经历写在日记上，她认为这样就不会再因此而受折磨了。‎ The_charming_woman_went_through_a_series_of_unlucky_accidents_in_her_life._Although_she_tried_to_ignore_those_unhappy_things,_it_was_the_first_time_that_she_had_found_it_hard_to_calm_down,_which_made_her_feel_upset._In_order_to_forget_the_trouble,_she_wondered_if_she_could_set_down_the_entire_experiences_in_her_diary._Thus,_she_thought_she_would_no_longer_be_troubled_with_it.‎ ‎ ‎ Section_ⅢGrammar——直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)‎ (对应学生用书P10) ‎ ‎ 语法图解 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)直接引语讲述别人原话，并把它放在引号里间接引语用自己的话来转述别人原话，不能用引号直接引语变为间接引语时的变化时态的变化人称的变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语是陈述句时的变化直接引语是一般疑问句时的变化直接引语是特殊疑问句时的变化 探究发现 ‎1．“I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary，” said Anne.‎ ‎→Anne said that she didn't want to set down a series of facts in a diary.‎ ‎2．“Does a friend always have to be a person？” the writer asks us.‎ ‎→The writer asks us if a friend always has to be a person.‎ ‎3．“What do you call your diary？”Anne's sister asked her.‎ ‎→Anne's sister asked her what she called her diary.‎ ‎4．“Why did you go to bed so late last night？”Father asked Anne.‎ ‎→Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.‎ ‎5．Jane said, “I'm very fond of traveling.” ‎ ‎→Jane said that she was very fond of traveling. ‎ ‎6．“Is this your umbrella, Mary？” asked John. ‎ ‎→John asked Mary if that was her umbrella. ‎ ‎7．“Mary, when will you return me the book？” asked John. ‎ ‎→John asked Mary when she would return him the book. ‎ ‎8．“I know it，” he said. ‎ ‎→He said that he knew it. ‎ ‎9．The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.” ‎ ‎→The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃. ‎ ‎10．He said，“UFO appeared here the day before yesterday”. ‎ ‎→He said that UFO had appeared there two days before. ‎ ‎11．Tom said，“Can you finish the work in less than two days, Mary？” ‎ ‎→Tom asked Mary if/whether she could finish the work in less than two days. ‎ ‎12．“What did Edison do to help the doctor operate on his mother？” the teacher asked us. ‎ ‎→The teacher asked us what Edison had done to help the doctor operate on his mother. ‎ ‎[我的发现]‎ ‎(1)在直接引语变为间接引语的过程中，从句的主语常常按照一定的规律发生变化，如：在句1、5中，从句的主语由I变为she；句6中从句的主语由this变为that等。 ‎ ‎(2)在句7中，从句的时态由一般将来时变为过去将来时；句8中，从句的时态由一般现在时变为一般过去时；句9中，从句的时态没有变化的原因为：从句陈述的是客观事实。句12中，从句的时态由一般过去时变为过去完成时。‎ ‎(3)在句10中，直接引语中的here和the day before yesterday在间接引语中分别变为there和_two_days_before；同时在主句和从句之间加入了连接词that。 ‎ ‎(4)直接引语是一般疑问句或反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句，其主句动词常用ask。如句2、6、11。 ‎ ‎(5)直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，将它变成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。如句7、12。‎ ‎(6)语序变化：直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。如句2、3、4、6、7、11、12。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 一、人称的变化 直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。‎ ‎[助记]‎ 直接引语变间接引语人称变化口诀：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。”‎ ‎1．“一随主”。 指在直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第一人称的代词要按照引述动词的主语的人称变化。‎ John said，“I want to visit the World Expo.”‎ ‎→John said that he wanted to visit the World Expo.‎ She said，“My brother wants to go with me.”‎ ‎→She said her brother wanted to go with her.‎ ‎2．“二随宾”。 指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第二人称的代词要按引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。‎ He said to Kate，“How is your sister now？”‎ ‎→He asked Kate how her sister was then.‎ ‎3．“第三人称不更新”。指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第三人称的代词一般不需要变化。‎ Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”‎ ‎→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.‎ ‎[即时演练1]　将下列句子改为间接引语 ‎ ‎(1)He said, “I am proud of my motherland.” ‎ ‎→He said that he was proud of his motherland.‎ ‎(2)“You are wasting your time daydreaming！” he said to Mary. ‎ ‎→He told Mary that she was wasting her time daydreaming.‎ ‎(3)Mr. Smith said, “His voice is wonderful.”‎ ‎→Mr. Smith said his voice is wonderful.‎ 二、时态的变化 直接引语变间接引语时动词变化如下表：‎ ‎ 直接引语 间接引语 句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 ‎ 现在进行时 过去进行时 ‎ 现在完成时 过去完成时 ‎ 一般过去时 过去完成时 ‎ 过去完成时 不变 ‎ 一般将来时 过去将来时 例句 ①He said，“The film had begun when I got to the cinema.”‎ ‎→He said that the film had begun when he got to the cinema.‎ ‎②I asked the teacher, “When shall we have our sports meet？”‎ ‎→I asked the teacher when we should have our sports meet.‎ 名师点津：下面几种情况中，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不发生变化。‎ ‎①直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，其时态不变。‎ ‎“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.”the teacher told me.‎ ‎→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.‎ ‎②直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时时态不变。‎ Tom said，“I was born on April 21,1980.” ‎ ‎→Tom said he was born on April 21,1980.‎ ‎[即时演练2]　将下列句子改为间接引语 ‎(1)I said, “I will give her some advice tomorrow.” ‎ ‎→I said that I would_give her some advice the next day. ‎ ‎(2)“You have already done your duty，” he said to her. ‎ ‎→He told her that she had already done her duty.‎ ‎(3)John said to his parents, “I had learned 400 Chinese words by the end of last term.”‎ ‎→John told his parents that he had_learned 400 Chinese words by the end of last term.‎ ‎(4)He said, “I am living with my old brother.”‎ ‎→He said that he was_living with his old brother.‎ ‎(5)“Light travels much faster than sound，” he said.‎ ‎→He said that light travels much faster than sound.‎ ‎(6)My friend Linda said to me, “I saw the film three days ago.”‎ ‎→My friend Linda told me that she had_seen the film three days before.‎ 三、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化 引语 用词 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this这个 that那个 ‎ these这些 those那些 时间状语 now现在 then那时 ‎ today今天 that day那天 ‎ this morning 今天上午 that morning那天上午 ‎ tonight今天晚上 that night那天晚上 ‎ tomorrow明天 the next/following day第二天 ‎ yesterday昨天 the day before前一天 ‎ last night昨天晚上 the night before前一天晚上 ‎ the day before yesterday前天 two days before两天前 ‎ three days ago三天前 three days before三天前 ‎ next week下一周 the next/following week第二周 ‎ ago(至今)以前 before(那时)以前 地点状语 here这儿 there那儿 方向性 动词 bring带来 take带走 ‎ come来 go去 ‎ “She was here one week ago.” said John.‎ ‎→John said that she had been there one week before.‎ ‎“He is coming tonight.” my mother said to me.‎ ‎→My mother told me that he was coming that night.‎ ‎[即时演练3]　将下列句子改为间接引语 ‎(1)They said, “We arrived this morning.” ‎ ‎→They said that they had arrived that_morning. ‎ ‎(2)John said, “I wrote back telling him about it yesterday.” ‎ ‎→John said that he had written back telling him about it the_day_before. ‎ ‎(3)He said, “It's ten o'clock now.”‎ ‎→He said that it was ten o'clock then.‎ ‎(4)She said，“I'll do it tonight.”‎ ‎→She said that she would do it that_night.‎ ‎(5)He said, “I brought it home with me.”‎ ‎→He said that he had taken it home with him.‎ 四、连接词的选择 ‎1．直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中，that可以省略。‎ He said，“I was cooking when the earthquake happened.”‎ ‎→He said (that) he was cooking when the earthquake happened.‎ 名师点津：直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语，主句谓语动词“said to sb.”常改为told sb.。‎ She said to me, “I came back an hour ago.”‎ ‎→She told me (that) she had come back an hour before.‎ ‎2．直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(... or ...或．..or not)或if引导。‎ He said，“Are you interested in English？”‎ ‎→He asked(me)if/whether I was interested in English.‎ 名师点津：如果主句中谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。‎ ‎3．直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。‎ ‎“What's your name？”he asked me.‎ ‎→He asked me what my name was.‎ 名师点津：疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。‎ ‎[即时演练4]　将下列句子改为间接引语 ‎(1)Mary wrote in her letter, “Mr. Liu, when will you come to America？” ‎ ‎→Mary wrote in her letter that when Mr. Liu would come to America.‎ ‎(2)“Where are you going？”the father asked his son.‎ ‎→The father asked his son where he was going.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．The head teacher requested that we_(should)_arrive_at_school half an hour earlier today than usual.(arrive)‎ 班主任要求我们今天要比通常时间早半小时到校。‎ ‎2．The physics teacher told us that light_travels_faster than sound.(travel)‎ 物理老师告诉我们说光传播速度比声音快。‎ ‎3．—What did Tom ask you?‎ ‎—He asked me what_I_thought_of_the_film we saw yesterday.(what)‎ ‎——汤姆刚才问你什么？‎ ‎——他问我对昨天我们看的那部电影感觉怎么样。‎ ‎4．Mary told me that she had_visited the factory two weeks before.(visit)‎ 玛丽告诉我她前两周已经参观了这家工厂。‎ ‎5．The man didn't tell me how_many_students_had_gone_swimming.(go)‎ 这名男子没有告诉我有多少名学生去游泳了。‎ ‎6．He hasn't told us how_long_the_film_will_last.(last)‎ 他没有告诉我们那部电影会持续多长时间。‎ ‎7．That night I asked him whether_he_would_stay_at_home or go to the cinema.(stay)‎ 那天晚上，我问他是会待在家还是会去看电影。‎ ‎8．My father asked me which_school_I_would_choose,_Harvard or Cambridge.(choose)‎ 我的父亲问我将选择哪所学校，是哈佛还是剑桥。‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．Zhou Lan said, “I'll do it after class.”‎ ‎→Zhou Lan said that she would_do it after class.‎ ‎2．He asked his wife, “What are you going to buy for our son？”‎ ‎→He asked his wife what_she_was_going_to buy for their son. ‎ ‎3．Our geography teacher said to us, “The sun rises in the east and it sets in the west.”‎ ‎→Our geography teacher told us that the_sun_rises_in_the_east_and_it_sets_in_the_west.‎ ‎4．My history teacher taught us, “The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.”‎ ‎→My history teacher taught us that the People's Republic of China was_founded in 1949.‎ ‎5．She said, “Is your father an engineer？”‎ ‎→She asked me if/whether_my father was an engineer.‎ ‎6．The teacher said to Li Ming，“Have you finished your homework？”‎ ‎→The teacher asked Li Ming whether/if_he_had_finished_his homework.‎ Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language (对应学生用书P13) ‎[课文预览•阅读提能] ‎ ‎ Fastreading Read the two letters and then answer the following questions. ‎ ‎1．Why does Lisa have trouble with her classmates at the moment? ‎ She_is_getting_along_well_with_a_boy,_doing_homework_together_and_helping_each_other,_but_others_gossip,_saying_that_they_have_fallen_in_love_with_each_other.‎ ‎2．What's the trouble with Xiao Dong? ‎ He_finds_it_hard_to_make_good_friends_with_his_classmates_because_he_is_not_good_at_communicating_with_people._‎ ‎ Carefulreading Fill in the blanks according to the letters.‎ ‎ ‎ 对应学生用书P14‎ ‎ 学前自检——识记会写是前提 项目一必记单词 Ⅰ.基础单词(根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词) ‎ ‎1．teenager:_a person who is between 13 and 19 years old ‎2．grateful:_feeling that you want to thank someone because of something kind that they have done ‎ ‎3．tip:_a small piece of advice about sth. practical ‎ ‎4．recover:_to get well again after being ill ‎ ‎5．settle:_to decide or arrange sth. finally ‎ ‎6．suffer:_ to be badly affected by a disease, pain, sadness, a lack of sth.etc. ‎ Ⅱ.拓展单词(根据词性及汉语意思写出下列单词)‎ ‎7．settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决→settlement n．解决；镇定；安定 ‎ ‎8．exact adj.确切的→ exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地 ‎9．agree v．同意；赞成→agreement n．同意→disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．异议 ‎ ‎10．like v．喜欢→dislike n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶 ‎ 项目二必会短语 Ⅰ.根据汉语提示写出短语 ‎1．suffer_from　　　　　　　　 遭受；患病 ‎2．get/be_tired_of 对……厌烦 ‎3．pack_(sth.)_up 将(东西)装箱打包 ‎4．get_along_with 与……相处；进展 ‎5．have_trouble_in_doing/with_sth. 做某事有困难 ‎6．fall_in_love 相爱；爱上 ‎7．join_in 参加；加入 ‎8．make_friends_with 与……交朋友 Ⅱ.选用以上短语填空(其中有两项是多余的)‎ ‎1．People in disaster area are_suffering_from cold and hunger.‎ ‎2．He said he had got/been_tired_of talking with me, which made me upset.‎ ‎3．I found it hard to get_along_with children.‎ ‎4．My classmates have_trouble_in learning English.‎ ‎5．I was packing my clothes up when someone called me.‎ ‎6．We should invite our teachers to join_in our party.‎ ‎ 师生共研——理解掌握是根本 ‎ ‎ settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决 ‎[记法]‎ ‎[汉]安家落户 ‎[英]set安；落→settle安家；定居 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Wuxi is where my parents want to settle down. ‎ 无锡是我父母想定居的地方。‎ ‎②Let's settle down to studies. ‎ 让我们安下心来读书。‎ ‎③The children quickly settled in/into their new school. ‎ 孩子们很快就适应了新学校。‎ ‎④Let's settle on the date of the next meeting.‎ 咱们把下次开会的日期定下来吧。‎ ‎(1)settle down_ 舒适地坐下或躺下；(在某地)定居下来；(使某人)安静下来 ‎(2)settle down to sth. 开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事 ‎(3)settle in/into sth. 适应(新环境、新工作、新生活等)‎ ‎(4)settle on sth. 决定/选定某事或某物 ‎ ‎ 名师点津：settle down to sth.中的to是介词，因此后面跟代词、名词或动名词作宾语。‎ ‎[Word family]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[语境串记]‎ The settlers decided to settle down in the small village which they had settled on earlier, because they believed they had settled into it.‎ 这些殖民者决定在之前选定的那个小村子定居下来，因为他们相信自己已经适应了那里。‎ ‎ ‎ suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from遭受；患病 ‎[记法]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①His company suffered huge losses in the last economic crisis. ‎ 他的公司在上一次经济危机中损失巨大。‎ ‎②The patient said that he had suffered from a bad back. ‎ 那个病人说他患过背疼。‎ ‎[辨析]　suffer, suffer from 试一试　选择上述词语填空 ‎①Do you often suffer_from headaches?‎ ‎②The car suffered great damage in the accident.‎ 辨一辨 suffer 指“遭受”苦痛、损失；忍受侮辱等，其宾语通常为pain, loss, damage, punishment, defeat, hardship, discouragement, disappointment等抽象名词 二者一般不用于被动语态 suffer from 指“遭受”战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之苦，其后常接表示疾病或造成不幸或痛苦的事物的名词 ‎ ‎[Word family]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ get/be tired of 　对……厌烦 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Tired of being laughed at, she decided to leave. ‎ 因为厌倦了被人嘲笑，她决定离开。‎ be tired out　　　　　　　 筋疲力尽 be tired from 因……而劳累；疲倦 ‎②They reached the top of the mountain, hungry and tired_out. ‎ 他们又饿又累筋疲力尽地到达了山顶。‎ ‎③Most of people in that village are tired from hard work. ‎ 那个村里的大多数人因为辛苦的劳作而觉得劳累。‎ ‎[联想]‎ ‎“对……厌烦”的同义表达还有：get/be sick of, get/be bored with, get/be fed up with等。‎ ‎[文化链接]‎ 在英语语言中有各种“累死了”的表达方式，常见的有I'm dead tired. /I'm pretty tired./ I'm worn out./I'm totally beat. /I really need a break. /It's killing me./I was tired to death. 等。‎ ‎ ‎ pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n.小包；包裹 ‎[记法]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①These goods pack easily, so don't worry.‎ 这些货很容易包装，不用担心。‎ pack (sth.) up　　　 将(东西)装箱打包 pack sb. sth. 为某人装好某物 pack away (用后)收拾好；把……装起来 pack ... into ... 把……塞进……‎ ‎②Jack packed his things up and left immediately.‎ 杰克将他的东西装箱打包就立即离开了。‎ ‎③Have you packed_the_kids_a_lunch?‎ 你为孩子们装好午餐了吗？‎ ‎④As we were told, these books need to be packed into a box.‎ 我们被告之，这些书必须用盒子包装好。‎ ‎ ‎ get along/on with　与……相处；进展 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①How are you getting along with your studies? ‎ 你的功课学得怎么样？‎ ‎②I haven't got_along_well_with my partners recently, which nearly made me tired of it. ‎ 最近和搭档老是处不好，这几乎让我烦死了。‎ 名师点津：此短语常与well, nicely, badly等连用，表示同某人相处得好坏或某事进展是否顺利。‎ ‎[联想]‎ 请同学们记忆有关get的重要短语：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ fall in love　相爱；爱上 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①In the film, a beautiful girl fell in love with a beast.‎ 在这部影片中，美女爱上了野兽。‎ ‎②He fell in love with music when he was a child.‎ 他还是个孩子时就爱上了音乐。‎ ‎[辨析]　fall in love (with), be in love (with)‎ 试一试　选择上述词语填空 They have been_in_love for ten years since they fell_in_love_with each other at first sight. ‎ 辨一辨 短语 意义 用法区别 fall in love (with) 相爱；爱上 表示动作，不延续，所以不能与表示段的时间状语连用 be in love (with) 与……相爱 表示状态，可延续，所以可以与表示段的时间状语连用 ‎[文化链接]‎ 英文电影中有许多关于爱的经典对白让人感动不已。‎ ‎(1)Elly: Maybe I was a bird in another life.‎ Noah：If you're a bird, I'm a bird. ‎ 艾莉：前世可能我是一只鸟。‎ 诺亚：如果你是一只鸟，我也是一只鸟。‎ ‎——电影《手札情缘》‎ ‎(2)I love that you are the last person I want to talk to before I go to sleep at night. ‎ 爱你因为你是我入睡之前最想说话的人。‎ ‎——电影《当哈里遇到莉莎时》‎ ‎(3)Choose me. Marry me . Let me make you happy.‎ 选我吧，娶我吧，我会让你幸福。‎ ‎——电影《我最好朋友的婚礼》‎ ‎(4)Love means never having to say you're sorry.‎ 爱意味着永不说后悔。‎ ‎——电影《爱情故事》‎ ‎(5)When I am out, take me as the wind. ‎ 我不在的时候，把我想成风。‎ ‎——电影《请介绍我的女友》‎ ‎ ‎ grateful adj.　感激的；表示谢意的 ‎ ‎[用法]‎ ‎①I am extremely grateful to all my friends for their help. ‎ 我非常感谢所有朋友的帮助。 ‎ ‎②I am grateful to hear you have put in a good word for me. ‎ 听说你替我美言，我很感激。 ‎ ‎③I'm very grateful that you didn't tell my husband about this. ‎ 我非常感激你没有告诉我丈夫这件事。 ‎ ‎(1)be grateful to_sb._for_sth.　　 因某事感激某人 ‎(2)be grateful to_do_... 因做……而感激 ‎ ‎(3)be grateful that_... 感激……‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[Word family]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[联想]　表示感激的词汇及表达： ‎ ‎①appreciate v. 感激—appreciation n．感激 I would appreciate it if ...如果……我将不胜感激。‎ ‎②thank v. 感谢—thankful adj.感谢的—thanks n．感谢 ‎ Thanks a lot. 多谢。/Many thanks. 非常感谢。Thanks very much. 非常感谢。/Thank you. 谢谢你。‎ ‎ [文化链接]‎ 感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)是美国和加拿大共有的节日，由美国人民独创，原意是为了感谢上天赐予的好收成、感谢印第安人的帮助。在美国，自1941年起，感恩节是在每年11月的第四个星期四，并从这一天起将休假两天；而加拿大与美国的感恩节时间不同，加拿大的感恩节则起始于1879年，与美国的哥伦布日相同。像中国的春节一样，在这一天，成千上万的人们不管多忙，都要和自己的家人团聚。‎ ‎ ‎ dislike n． & vt.　不喜欢；厌恶 ‎[记法]‎ ‎[动]like喜欢 ↔[动]dislike不喜欢 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①Almost everyone dislikes being treated badly. ‎ 几乎每个人都不喜欢被虐待。‎ ‎②I like dancing, but I don't like to dance with you.‎ 我喜欢跳舞，但不喜欢和你一起跳。‎ ‎(1)dislike doing sth.　　 不喜欢做某事 ‎(2)like to_do sth. 喜欢做某事(表示特殊情况)‎ ‎(3)like doing sth. 喜欢做某事(表示一般情况) ‎ 名师点津：dislike 与hate相比，虽然都有厌恶的意思，但是hate的情感更强烈，而dislike仅仅是不喜欢。‎ ‎[语境串记]‎ She shares her mother's dislikes of housework，so she dislikes being asked to do any housework. But she likes dancing very much and especially likes to dance with her friends at a romantic night. ‎ 她和她妈妈一样不喜欢做家务，因此她不喜欢被要求做任何家务。但是她特别喜欢跳舞，尤其是在一个浪漫之夜与朋友一起跳舞。‎ ‎[联想]‎ 请同学们记一下关于“爱憎”的常用表达：‎ ‎①likes and dislikes　　　　　　 好恶 ‎②love doing/to do sth. 喜爱做某事 ‎③be fond of sth./doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ‎ ‎④hate doing/to do sth. 讨厌做某事 ‎ ‎ join in　参加；加入 ‎[用法]‎ ‎①They are going to join in the singing. ‎ 他们将参加唱歌。‎ ‎②She joined us in waiting in the sitting room.‎ 她和我们一起等在客厅里。‎ ‎③They came out for their morning exercises. I also joined in. ‎ 他们出来做早操，我也跟着做。‎ 名师点津：join in 短语中的in既可以作介词，后面可以直接跟宾语；也可以作副词，后面不接宾语。 ‎ ‎[辨析]　join (sb.) in, attend, join, take part in 试一试　选择上述词语填空 ‎①In early days only male athletes were allowed to take_part_in the Olympic Games.‎ ‎②When did you join the Labor Party?‎ ‎③He laughed loudly, and many people present joined_in.‎ ‎④A lot of people attended her wedding on Oct. 10.‎ 辨一辨 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 学后体验——活学活用是目的 ‎[单一考点演练]‎ ‎1．I found that it was ________ the kind of car I had been meaning to buy, so I called to ask the price in a very polite way.‎ A．gratefully B．exactly C．honestly D．necessarily 解析：选B　句意：我发现这正是我一直打算买的那款车，于是打电话过去很有礼貌地询问它的价格。这里用exactly表示“正是；恰好”。gratefully“感激地”；honestly“诚实地”；necessarily“必然地”。‎ ‎2．The family decided to ________ in the village since it was so quiet and the air was fresh, too.‎ A．calm down B．set down C．turn down D．settle down 解析：选D　句意：这家人决定在这个村子定居，因为这里很安静而且空气也清新。calm down “平静下来”； set down “记下；写下”； turn down “关小；调低；拒绝”； settle down “定居”。‎ ‎3．Even though he manages a shop without any help, it has ________nicely so far. ‎ A．gotten along B．come on C．watched out D．set off 解析：选A　考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：尽管他独自经营商店，但是迄今为止商店的发展状况良好。get along在此表示“发展情况”，与句意相符。 come on“加油；来吧”；watch out“小心；注意”； set off“动身；出发”。‎ ‎4．Our train was held up by the heavy snow, so we didn't ________ the meeting on time.‎ A．take part in B．join C．join in D．attend 解析：选D　考查词义辨析。句意：由于大雪，我们的火车被延误，所以我们不能按时参加会议。attend the meeting意为“参加会议”，与句意相符。‎ ‎5．—Why did you leave so early yesterday?‎ ‎—Because I ________ being the centre of attention.‎ A．dislike B．disagree C．discover D．discuss 解析：选A　句意：“昨天你为什么那么早就走了？”“因为我不喜欢成为注意的焦点。”dislike“不喜欢”，符合题意。disagree“不同意”；discover“发现”；discuss“讨论”。‎ ‎6．The workers ________ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”．‎ A．carried B．delivered C．pressed D．packed 解析：选D　句意：工人们包装好玻璃杯子，并在每个箱子上打上“此面向上”的标记。pack“包装(货物)；捆扎”，符合题意。carry“携带；搬运”；deliver“递送”；press“按；压”。‎ ‎[多维考点演练]‎ ‎1．fall in love with“点点练”‎ ‎(1)选词填空：fall in love with, be in love with ‎ ‎①The first time he saw Mary, he fell_in_love_with her.‎ ‎②They have_been_in_love_with each other for five years.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Having_been_in_love for almost ten years, they finally get married last month.(be)‎ 相爱十年之后，他们上个月终于结婚了。‎ ‎2．suffer用法“全扫描”‎ 选词填空：suffer, suffer from ‎①His health suffered terribly from heavy drinking. ‎ ‎②The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake. ‎ ‎③He is suffering_from the death of a loved one. ‎ ‎3．tired相关短语“多棱镜”‎ ‎(1)介、副词填空 ‎①I'm tired out,_so I'll go to bed.‎ ‎②He was tired from/with a long walk.‎ ‎③She is tired of the same traditional breakfast every morning.‎ ‎(2)根据汉语提示，用tired的相关短语完成下列小片段 看书有时使我疲劳，有时甚至使我筋疲力尽，但是我从来没有感到厌烦。‎ Sometimes I ①am_tired_with reading, and even sometimes I ②am_tired_out,_but I ③am_never_tired_of it.‎ 对应学生用书P17‎ ‎ 佳句背诵——背出语感是关键 背教材原句 背写作佳句(先填后背)‎ ‎1.I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.‎ 眼下我和班上的同学有点儿麻烦。 1.I am having_some_trouble_with my oral English now. ‎ 现在我的英语口语有点儿麻烦。‎ ‎2.Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them.‎ 尽管我努力和同学们交流，但是我仍然发现很难和他们交朋友。 2.They found_it_necessary_to discuss the problem further. ‎ 他们发现有必要进一步讨论这个问题。‎ ‎3.I do want to change this situation, but I don't know how. ‎ 我确实想改变这种形势，但是我不知道如何改变。 3.I do_hope you can join me in the party tonight. ‎ 我确实希望你能和我一起参加今晚的宴会。‎ ‎ 师生共研——理解掌握是根本 ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ have trouble with sb.　　　　　　　　 和某人有麻烦 ‎ have trouble with sth./in doing sth. 做……有困难 ‎①I hope we won't have any trouble with each other. ‎ 希望我们彼此之间不会有什么不愉快的事情。‎ ‎②You can't imagine the trouble I_have_with my work. ‎ 你根本就想不到我在工作上的麻烦。 ‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ have difficulty with sth.　　　　 做某事有困难 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 ‎③I have some difficulty in expressing myself. ‎ 我表达起来有点儿困难。 ‎ ‎④You can't imagine what difficulty_I_had_(in) getting along with him.‎ 你不能想象我和他相处有多难。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ ‎“find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth.”为常用句型，it是形式宾语，形容词或名词作补语，不定式短语to do sth.是真正的宾语。 ‎ ‎①I find it my duty to help you when you are in trouble.‎ 我认为当你有麻烦时帮助你是我的责任。‎ ‎②I find_it_quite_pleasant_to work with you. ‎ 我觉得和你一起工作相当愉快。 ‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ 用于此结构的常见搭配：find/make/feel/think＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth. ‎ ‎③I think_it_necessary_to learn a foreign language. ‎ 我认为学一门外语很有必要。‎ ‎④He made it a rule not to smoke in the office. ‎ 他规定不准在办公室里吸烟。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[用法分析]‎ ‎“助动词do＋动词原形”来强调谓语动词。其形式如下： ‎ ‎(1)do＋动词原形(一般现在时除第三人称单数外的各人称) ‎ ‎①I do believe that he is an honest man.‎ 我的确相信他是个诚实的人。‎ ‎(2)does＋动词原形(一般现在时的第三人称单数) ‎ ‎②She does_like working with him. ‎ 她确实喜欢和他一起工作。‎ ‎(3)did＋动词原形(一般过去时的各人称) ‎ ‎③He did help me much with my work. ‎ 他的确在工作上帮了我很多。‎ ‎ 学后体验——活学活用是目的 句型转换(每空一词)‎ ‎1．He told me that he was having trouble with his English study.‎ ‎→He told me that he was having trouble/difficulty in learning English.‎ ‎2．I'm sorry you are having a problem in making friends.‎ ‎→She said she was sorry you were having trouble in making friends.‎ ‎3．He thinks it hard. To communicate face to face with his wife is hard.(合并为一句)‎ ‎→He thinks it hard to communicate face to face with his wife.‎ ‎4．He considers it a habit. Helping her when she is in trouble is his habit.(合并为一句)‎ ‎→He considers it a habit to help her when she is in trouble.‎ ‎5．You promised to lend me some money.(强调画线部分)‎ ‎→You did promise to lend me some money.‎ ‎6．She met him in the street when_talking_with_friends. (强调画线部分)‎ ‎→It was when talking with friends that she met him in the street.‎ 对应学生用书P19‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．Readers can ________quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.‎ A．get over　　　　　　　　 B．get in C．get along D．get through 解析：选C　考查get的短语。句意：读者在不知道每个单词的确切意义下也能进展的很好。get over “恢复；解决”； get in “插话”； get through “完成；接通电话”； get along “相处；进展”。‎ ‎2．—What does Old Walter usually do in his retirement?‎ ‎—These days he is ________ memories of village life for his new book.‎ A．putting up B．putting on ‎ C．setting up D．setting down 解析：选D　问句是询问Old Walter退休后做的事情。根据答语中已经提到的信息These days以及memories of village life for his new book及各选项的含义可以判断选D项，指他这些天正在写农村生活的回忆录。set down“记下”，符合题意。put up“举起”；put on“穿上”；set up“建立；创立”。‎ ‎3．I am ________ to you for the chance to express my feelings.‎ A．helpful B．hopeful C．grateful D．useful 解析：选C　grateful意为“感激的”，常用于be grateful to sb. for sth.‎ 结构，意为“因某事对某人充满感激”。helpful“有用的；有帮助的”；hopeful“有希望的”；useful“有用的”。‎ ‎4．He had been ________ with reading and writing since his first day in school. That's why he was successful as a writer two decades later.‎ A．in pain B．in love C．in relief D．in struggle 解析：选B　句意：自从上学的第一天起，他就喜欢上了阅读和写作。这也是他20年后成为著名作家的缘故。be in love with “喜欢”，符合题意。‎ ‎5．Many parents ________ with the idea that “bad” students should wear green scarves (绿领巾)．‎ A．agree B．disagree C．accept D．reply 解析：选B　句意：很多家长不赞同成绩差的学生戴绿领巾这一做法。disagree with“不同意；不一致”，符合句意。agree with “同意；与……一致”。‎ ‎6．Mrs. Johnson, our neighbor, often ________ the dog in the park after supper.‎ A．watches B．takes C．keeps D．walks 解析：选D　句意：邻居约翰逊夫人经常晚饭后在公园里遛狗。walk the dog“遛狗”，为固定用法。 ‎ ‎7．—What's the matter with you, Sandy?‎ ‎—I'm ________ a bad cold. I think I am dying.‎ A．recovering from B．suffering from C．catching up with D．getting into 解析：选B　句意：“你怎么了，Sandy？”“我得了重感冒。我想我要死了。” recover from “从……恢复”；suffer from “遭受”；catch up with “赶上；追上”；get into “对……产生兴趣；卷入”。根据I think I am dying 可知B项正确。‎ ‎8．You've already ________ your luggage？But it'll be three days before we set off.‎ A．prepared for　　　　　　　 B．packed up C．washed up D．taken away 解析：选B　句意：你已经收拾好行李了？但我们三天之后才出发。pack up“打行李”，符合句意。prepare for“为……作准备”；wash up“洗净；冲光”；take away“带走”。‎ ‎9．I don't think she is a nice woman; I am ________ her empty talk.‎ A．grateful for B．tired of C．crazy about D．concerned about 解析：选B　结合语境可知此处表达的是“我厌倦了她的空话”。be tired of“厌烦；厌倦”，符合句意。be grateful for“因……感激”；be crazy about“对……狂热”；be concerned about“关心；挂念”。‎ ‎10．People all over the world believe that the economy will soon ________.‎ A．recover B．return C．reply D．realize 解析：选A　句意：全世界的人们都相信经济将会很快复苏的。recover“恢复；痊愈”，符合题意。return“返回；归还”；reply“回答”；realize“实现；意识到”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Never before in his life had_he_suffered such a great loss, so he almost lost the hope of life.(suffer)‎ 他一生从来没有遭受过如此重大的损失，所以他几乎失去了生活的希望。‎ ‎2．He is very humorous, which makes him get_along_well_with_others.(get)‎ 他非常幽默。这使他与他人相处得很愉快。‎ ‎3．They have a lot in common, so it is no wonder that they fell in love with each other.(fall)‎ 他们有很多相同之处，所以他们彼此相爱毫不奇怪。‎ ‎4．Even though they had told me the way to his home, I still had trouble in finding it.(have)‎ 即使他告诉了我到他家的路，我还是很难找到它。‎ ‎5．He dislikes_being_talked_about behind him because he thinks that is a kind of impolite behavior.(dislike)‎ 他不喜欢在背后被别人谈论，因为他认为那是一种不礼貌的行为。‎ ‎6．They are busy joining_in_many_activities in their school every day.(join) ‎ 他们每天忙于参加学校的各种活动。‎ (对应学生用书P19) ‎ 建 议 信 ‎ ‎ ‎ 本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用体类别中的“建议信”。这种题目要求我们就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。‎ 一、基本框架 ‎1．开头(beginning)——开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点(state your idea)。‎ ‎2．主体(body)——对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着提出自己的建议(reasons and evidence)。‎ ‎3．结尾(ending)——呼应开头，重申观点(restate your opinion)。‎ 二、注意事项 ‎1．开门见山，直入主题。在书信正文的开头找准话题的切入点，自然而然地引出自己想要谈的主题。写信时要充分了解情况，有的放矢，以提高书信的针对性。‎ ‎2．给出希望对方采取或者终止某种行为的理由。在陈述理由的过程中要换位思考，尽量为对方考虑。要用事实说话，以增强说服力。‎ ‎3．语气要和缓，让对方考虑你的想法或者建议，以理服人是关键，不能把自己的想法强加于人。‎ ‎4．给出合理建议，通过提建议让对方明确行动的方向，从而达到写信的最终目的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[题目要求]‎ 你(王伟)的好友(李磊)最近经常和一些朋友去网吧、游戏厅玩，有时甚至旷课。请你根据下面要点写一封信，对他进行劝诫。词数不少于120。‎ 内容包括：1.朋友在人的一生中起着重要作用；2.真正的朋友不会让你去做坏事；3.所以我们要明辨是非，慎重交友。‎ 第一步：细审题、三确定 ‎1．确定体裁：本文为建议信。‎ ‎2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称。‎ ‎3‎ ‎．确定时态：因为涉及李磊过去已做过的事情，书信要用到一般过去时，但文中发表自己的看法时，应用一般现在时。‎ 第二步：拟要点、列提纲 ‎1．李磊近期表现：①________　②________　③________‎ ‎2．朋友的作用：①________　②________‎ ‎3．对李磊提出的劝告：________‎ 第三步：依提纲、准翻译 要点一：你去网吧、游戏厅玩。‎ You_went_to_the_Internet_Bar_and_the_Game_Center._‎ 要点二：为了和朋友玩，你甚至不上课。(用and连接并列谓语 )‎ You_even_didn't_have_classes_and_played_with_friends.‎ 要点三：作为你其中的一个好友，我为你担忧。‎ Being/As_one_of_your_best_friends,_I_am_worried_about_you.‎ 要点四：真正的朋友不会让你去做坏事。‎ Real_friends_will_not_let_you_do_something_wrong.‎ 要点五：你该想一想我上面提到的这个问题了。(用you作主语)‎ You_should_think_about_the_problem_I_mentioned_above.‎ 要点六：我希望你尽快做出正确选择。(用普通句式，谓语hope后跟宾语从句)‎ I_hope_you_will_make_a_wise_decision_soon.‎ 第四步：句升级、求靓丽 句式升级一：用in order to改写要点二 You_even_didn't_have_classes_in_order_to_play_with_your_friends.‎ 句式升级二：用It's time for sb. to do sth.改写要点五 It's_time_for_you_to_think_about_the_problem_I_mentioned_above.‎ 句式升级三：在要点六中强调谓语hope I_do_hope_you_will_make_a_wise_decision_soon.‎ 第五步：巧衔接、顺成文 Dear Li Lei，‎ I_am_writing_to_you_because_I_think_I_have_something_really_serious_to_communicate_with_you._I_noticed_that_recently_you_often_went_to_the_Internet_Bar_and_the_Game_Center_together_with_several_friends._Sometimes,_you_even_didn't_have_classes_in_order_to_play_with_your_friends._Being_one_of_your_best_friends，I'm_very_worried_about_you._Friends_play_an_important_part_in_one's_life._We_have_to_choose_our_friends_carefully._Real_friends_will_never_ask_us_to_do_something_wrong._I_don't_think_the_friends_around_you_are_your_real_friends.‎ It's_time_for_you_to_think_about_the_problem_I_mentioned_above._And_I_do_hope_you_will_make_a_wise_decision_soon.‎ Yours，‎ Wang Wei ‎ ‎ 推荐模板 模板一 Dear ________，‎ I'm sorry (that) you are having trouble/difficulty/problems in ________(问题). However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you. ‎ First(ly), why not ...? If you do this, ... Second(ly), you should/can ...Then/That way, ...Third(ly), it would be a good idea if ... By doing this, ... Last but not least, ...‎ I hope you will find these ideas useful. ‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 模板二 Dear ________，‎ You have asked me for my advice about________(问题), and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here. In my opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions: ‎ ‎________(建议内容)．‎ I hope you'll find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you about further details.‎ Good luck with your ________(祝愿)．‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 增分佳句 ‎1．建议信开头常用句式： ‎ ‎①I'm sorry (that) you are having trouble/difficulty/problems in making friends. ‎ 很抱歉听说你在交友方面有麻烦/困难/问题。‎ ‎②I know you are now having trouble communicating with others, and you may often feel lonely.‎ 我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。 ‎ ‎③I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on ... ‎ 很高兴收到你就……征求建议的来信。‎ ‎④However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. ‎ 然而，如果你听从我的建议，这种情形很容易改变。‎ ‎⑤Here are some tips to help you./Here are a few suggestions. ‎ 这里有帮助你的一些建议。‎ ‎⑥I think you can make it if you follow the advice below. ‎ 如果你听从以下建议，我认为你会做到的。‎ ‎2．表达建议常用句式： ‎ ‎①First(ly), why not join a club? If you do this, you can make friends. ‎ 首先，为什么不参加一个俱乐部？如果你这样做的话，就会交到朋友。‎ ‎②Second(ly), you should/can try to talk with others. Then/That way, you will feel better. ‎ 其次，你应该尽力与人交谈。这样，你会感觉好点。‎ ‎③Third(ly), it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music. By doing this, you will calm yourself down. ‎ 第三，如果你看书或听音乐将会是个不错的主意。通过这样做，你会使自己平静下来。‎ ‎④Last but not least, you should talk with her first.‎ 最后同样重要的，你应该先和她谈一谈。‎ ‎⑤As far as I am concerned/In my opinion/As for me, you should help each other. ‎ 就我而言/在我看来/至于我，你们应该互相帮助。‎ ‎3．建议信结尾常用句式： ‎ ‎①I hope you will find these ideas useful. ‎ 希望你会发现这些办法有用。‎ ‎②As time goes on, people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can follow the above. ‎ 如果你遵从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加理解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。‎ ‎③I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful.‎ 希望以上建议会有用。‎ ‎④I believe that if you follow my advice, you'll get along well with your classmates. ‎ 我相信，如果你听从我的建议，你会和同学们相处好的。‎ ‎⑤I believe, with your trying, you can manage to overcome these difficulties. ‎ 我相信，有了努力，你会克服这些困难的。‎ Section Ⅴ[自修课]功能意念项目和话题项目 一、功能意念项目——态度之同意和不同意(对应学生用书P21) ‎ 本单元的功能意念项目为新课标中的“态度——同意和不同意”。“同意和不同意”在日常交际中经常用到。在听力理解中经常考查对话双方表达同意和不同意的用语。‎ ‎[常见交际用语]‎ ‎1．同意：Certainly/Sure/Of course. No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. That's true. All right/OK. Good！/Excellent！/That's fine! What a good idea! That's a good idea.‎ It's a good idea that ...I/We agree (with you). That's the right thing to do!‎ ‎2．不同意：No, I don't think so. I'm afraid not. I'm afraid I (really) can't agree with you. ‎ It's not very nice. I don't think that is a good idea. Do you think that is a good idea?‎ Personally, I feel that it's unwise. What a terrible idea! What a terrible thing to do!‎ ‎3．No way! Exactly.‎ ‎[文化差异]‎ 同意和不同意是肯定和否定的另一种形式，但表达的不是某个事实的正确与否，而是对它的判断和意见。‎ 西方人如果对令人不愉快的意见表示同意时，可能会加上一些表示遗憾之类的词语。对某件事的真实性是否有把握，可以用委婉的语气进行推测。‎ ‎[迁移应用领悟]‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．(陕西高考)—I'm tired.I'm taking next week off.‎ ‎—________， honey.You do need a break.‎ A．Not so sure　　　　　　 B．Forget it C．Great idea D．No way 解析：选C　考查情景交际。句意：“我累了，我下周打算休假。”“好主意，亲爱的。你的确需要休息一下。”Not so sure“不太确定”；Forget it“没关系，别在意”；Great idea“好主意”；No way“没门”。根据答语第二句可以判断出，此处表示赞同，故选C。‎ ‎2．(陕西高考)—What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking?‎ ‎—________. But we need to be home before six o'clock for the football match.‎ A．Have a nice time B．Pardon me C．That's great D．You are right 解析：选C　考查交际用语。由“But we need to be home before six o'clock for the football ‎ match.”可知答话人已同意接受对方的邀请，故C项“好极了”符合语境。A项“祝你玩得开心”，表示祝愿；B项“请原谅”，用于请求对方原谅；D项“你说得对”，表示同意对方的看法。‎ ‎3．(重庆高考)—Honey, let's go out for dinner.‎ ‎—________ I don't have to cook.‎ A．Forget it! B．That's great!‎ C．Why? D．Go ahead.‎ 解析：选B　考查交际用语。由题干中的“I don't have to cook.”可以看出，应答者十分赞成这个提议，故B项符合语境。‎ ‎4．(陕西高考)—What's the noise? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.‎ ‎—________. It must be the windowcleaner working next door.‎ A．I'm not sure B．I hope not C．I'd rather not D．I don't think so 解析：选D　由答语下句“It must be the windowcleaner working next door”可知不赞成对方观点，故I don't think so符合句意。‎ ‎5．(江苏高考)—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?‎ ‎—________. Ours is much stronger than theirs.‎ A．Of course B．It depends C．Don't mention it D．By no means 解析：选D　考查交际用语。根据答语的后一句可知答话人认为我们的乒乓球队比他们的更强，所以他们的乒乓球队绝不可能在即将到来的亚运会上获得第一名，by no means“绝不”，符合句意。Don't mention it用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不客气”。‎ Ⅱ.情景对话(根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项是多余的)‎ A：It's very late. Are you still on the computer? ‎ B：Well, yes. __1__‎ A：What kind of emails? ‎ B：Some are messages from my friends and some are from the relatives. ‎ A：Do you have to write them back right away? ‎ B：__2__ Usually people want a quick reply. ‎ A：__3__‎ B：I've already had 50 people's address in my address book! __4__‎ A：__5__ Email is really very convenient (方便的). ‎ A．And I think email is one of the best ways to communicate with others. ‎ B．I've got so many emails to go through. ‎ C．I agree with you. ‎ D．Of course! ‎ E．How many emails addresses have you had? ‎ F．I feel like playing computer games. ‎ G．I am not sure whether I'm right or wrong. ‎ 答案：1～5　BDEAC 二、课标话题项目——家庭、朋友与周围的人之朋友及友谊(对应学生用书P22) ‎ ‎“Friendship”是新课标二十四个课标话题之“家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)之朋友及友谊”，是高考考查的重要话题之一。该话题涉及各种文学形式及体裁，考查题型涉及阅读和写作，考查角度也有所不同，例如：2013年陕西卷阅读理解B篇，2013年重庆卷阅读理解A篇，2013年山东卷完形填空题，2013年浙江卷完形填空题。‎ ‎[话题词汇积累]‎ ‎1．important　　　　　　　　　 重要的 ‎2．upset 心烦意乱的 ‎3．ignore 不理睬 ‎4．understand 理解 ‎5．dear 亲爱的 ‎6．partner 伙伴；搭档 ‎7．be concerned about 关心；挂念 ‎8．be good to 对……好的 ‎9．tell everything to 告诉一切 ‎10．get along with 相处 ‎11．help each other 互相帮助 ‎12．become really good friends 成为真正的好朋友 ‎13．share everything　　　　　　　 分享一切 ‎14．give good advice 给好建议 ‎15．always tell you the truth 总是说真话 ‎16．encourage each other 互相鼓励 ‎17．never expect anything in return 从不期待回报 ‎18．a listening ear 倾听者 ‎[话题佳句必背]‎ ‎1．Are you good to your friends?‎ ‎ 你对你的朋友好吗？‎ ‎2．Why are friends important to you?‎ 为什么朋友对你很重要？‎ ‎3．Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to?‎ 你想要一个无话不谈的朋友吗？‎ ‎4．We share likes and dislikes.‎ 我们分享好恶。‎ ‎5．I do enjoy the time we spent together.‎ 我真的喜欢我们一起度过的时光。‎ ‎6．We should trust each other.‎ 我们应该互相信任。‎ ‎[类文阅读技巧]‎ 本篇文章是一篇关于怀念朋友的记叙文。阅读此类文章时要注意以下几点：‎ ‎1．把握记叙文的六要素；　2.理清事件发展的前因后果；　3.弄清相关的细节；‎ ‎4．跟上叙事的节奏；　　　5.从事件抽出主旨即看作者想要表达什么。‎ ‎[示例]　 [行文脉络]‎ Long lost friend He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield (挡风玻璃) to catch his attention.‎ ‎“Is your taxi available？” I asked. He nodded, saying: “Sorry. I was reading a letter.”‎ ‎“Letters from home always mean a lot. Is it from a child or maybe a grandchild？” I said.‎ ‎“This isn't family，” he replied. “Although，” he went on, “come to think of it, old Ed was like family. He was my oldest friend.” “I hadn't seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years. He was a great guy，” the driver added. ‎ ‎“You said ‘was’. Does that mean ...？” ‎ He nodded. “Died a couple of weeks ago.” ‎ ‎“I'm sorry. Losing a real old friend is tough，” I said. ‎ He didn't reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes before he handed me the letter to read.‎ It began with the greeting “Old Friend，” and the first sentence reminded me_of myself: “I've been meaning to write for some time, but I've always postponed it.” It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had shared together. The next paragraph of the letter said: “I began the letter with ‘Old Friend’ because that's what we've become over the years — old friends. And there aren't many of us left.”‎ ‎“You know，” I said to him, “when it says here that there aren't many of us left, that's absolutely (绝对地) right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around.”‎ ‎“Time goes by，” the driver said. ‎ We were getting close to our destination (目的地) so I skipped to the last paragraph. “I thought you'd like to know that I was thinking of you.” And it was signed, “Your Old Friend, Tom.” I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. “I thought your friend's name was Ed，” I asked. “Why did he sign it Tom？”‎ ‎“The letter was not from Ed to me. I am Tom. It's a letter I wrote to him before I knew he'd died. So I never mailed it.”‎ When I got to my hotel room I didn't unpack right away. First I had to write a letter — and mail it.,‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎1．When the author tapped on the windshield of the taxi, he thought the driver was ________.‎ A．reading a letter from home B．writing a letter to an old friend C．not ready to give him a ride D．very sad to lose a good friend 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文中“Letters from home always mean a lot. Is it from a child or maybe a grandchild？” I said. 可知作者以为司机在读家书。‎ ‎2．What does the author mean by saying “the first sentence reminded me of myself”？‎ A．He often receives letters like that.‎ B．He doesn't have many old friends left either.‎ C．It is a common sentence to start a letter with.‎ D．It is also the case with him.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据“I've been meaning to write for some time, but I've always postponed it.”及全文内容可以推断出作者也是经常不写信不寄信， 因此D项正确。‎ ‎3．What can be concluded from the story?‎ A．The author has a large family.‎ B．The author is also at an old age.‎ C．The author often writes to old friends.‎ D．The author enjoys attending class reunions.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据“Is it from a child or maybe a grandchild？” I said. 及文中多次提到old friends, there aren't many of us left，可以推断出作者也应该是一位老年人。因此B项正确。‎ ‎4．With the story, the author intends to convey the message that ________.‎ A．friendship is the best gift in the world B．it's never too late to write to an old friend C．writing a letter to yourself might cheer you up D．it's better to get things done before it is too late 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据作者在文中讲述的故事，尤其是作者与司机之间的对话内容，可以推断出作者想通过朋友间的这个故事告诉我们：在能够做一些事情的时候就尽量去做，以免以后想做的时候却没有机会了。 因此D项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读表达 ‎1．欣赏画线的句子并仿写 ‎(1)他一定是专注于他所读的东西。‎ He_must_have_been_completely_lost_in_something_he_was_reading.‎ 仿写：他一定是专注于收拾行李，因为他没理睬我。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)在过去的二十五到三十年间，一年我只见过他一两次。‎ I_hadn't_seen_him_more_than_once_or_twice_a_year_over_the_past_25_to_30_years.‎ 仿写：在过去的三十年里，我已经写过好多经历在日记了。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎(3)每一次我去参加同学聚会，总是有越来越少的人在。‎ Every_time_I_go_to_a_class_reunion,_there_are_fewer_and_fewer_still_around.‎ 仿写：每一次我想和她好好相处的时候，她总是故意不理我。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：(1)He must have been completely lost in packing up his things as he ignored me.‎ ‎(2)I have set down lots of experiences in my diary over the last three decades.‎ ‎(3)Every time I want to get along well with her, she ignores me on purpose.‎ ‎2．欣赏画线的句子并改写 ‎(1)Losing_a_real_old_friend_is_tough.___‎ ‎→___________________________________________________________(用I find it 改写)‎ ‎(2)Time_goes_by.__‎ ‎→________________________， I fell in love with her. (用with 改写)‎ ‎→__________________________， I fell in love with her. (用as改写)‎ 答案：(1)I find it tough to lose a real old friend.‎ ‎(2)With time going by; As time goes by Ⅲ.阅读理解系列技法 写作意图题解题技巧 ‎——把握体裁，抓住高频词，理解作者写作意图 不同体裁体现作者不同的写作意图，因而做此类题时，一方面要把握体裁，另一方面抓住反反复复出现的高频词 ‎(1)说明文主要是对事物或现象的发生、变化、特征或功能进行介绍，其目的在于对所写事物进行解释，回答“怎么样”“为什么”之类的问题。这样的写作意图体现为tell the reader ... introduce ... explain ... analyze等字眼。‎ ‎(2)议论文是一种说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都有提出论题、观点，并提供充分的证据(evidence)，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。阅读议论文的关键是要抓论题，抓观点。这样的写作意图体现为argue(证明；说服)，advocate(提倡；主张)，discuss等字眼。‎ ‎(3)记叙文通常不会是纯粹地记事，而是通过叙事要达到某种目的，也就是告诉我们一个道理或者对人生的领悟。读此类文章要注意抽丝剥茧，抓住文章的主旨。‎ 例如“阅读理解”的第4题，通过阅读文章标题和文章内容(司机因为没有及时给朋友寄信，后来朋友去世，导致再也没有机会见到朋友而后悔)，可以推断出作者想借此告诉我们“it's better to get things done before it is too late”，也就是文章的主题。‎ 单元核心考点串记主干知识•一文串起•巧妙设计•高效记忆 ‎ (对应学生用书P23) Recently, the girl suffered from loneliness, as it was the first time that she had settled down in such an entirely strange place, where she was ignored by everyone. But she wondered if she had got to join in some clubs and groups to try to get better along with her new partners, because it's no pleasure just being upset about it. While thinking, the girl calmed down and set down a series of activities concerned with her partners, in which she would talk face to face with others. Thus, the girl thought she would no longer get tired of the new life, believing that she would fall in love with the city and people here, from which she could recover happiness. Last, the girl found it was her own power that made herself not be concerned about the trouble. So she felt herself powerful.‎ 最近，这个女孩深受孤独的煎熬，因为这是她第一次在一个完全陌生的地方定居下来，而这里没人理睬她。但是她想是不是得加入一些社团，以使自己与新同事相处得更好，因为总为这事儿烦心也没意思。所以在想这事的时候，女孩便平静下来，并且把涉及同事们的一系列活动写下来，在这些活动中她将与人面对面地交流。这样，女孩认为她就不会再讨厌新生活了，她相信自己会喜欢上这个城市和这儿的人，因为她将从中重获快乐。最后，女孩发现是她自己的力量使她不再担心这些烦心事了。所以，她觉得自己很厉害。‎ ‎ ‎ (对应学生用书P219) ‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．You are no longer a child.It's time for you to ________ differences and communicate harmoniously with your parents.‎ A．upset　　　　　　　　 B．settle C．ignore D．solve 解析：选B　句意：你已经不再是一个孩子了，到了你和父母解决分歧并与他们和谐交流的时候了。upset“使不安；使心烦”；settle“解决”；ignore“忽略”；solve“解决”。settle与solve都可表示解决，但是solve主要指找出解决问题的办法，常见搭配有solve a problem (a puzzle)等；settle指解决争议、争端，使意见统一，常见搭配有settle an argument等。‎ ‎2．—What's the matter with Anne?‎ ‎—I think she's still ________that we didn't tell her the truth.‎ A．excited B．loose C．upset D．calm 解析：选C　从we didn't tell her the truth 可知，Anne应该是感到不安，故选C项。‎ ‎3．You haven't changed at all; you still look________the same.‎ A．exactly B．carefully C．gradually D．quickly 解析：选A　句意：你一点儿没变，看上去完全是老样子。exactly “确实如此；确切地”，符合题意。carefully “认真地”；gradually “逐渐地”；quickly “很快地”。‎ ‎4．We were angry because we found that the boy made the mistake________.‎ A．on time B．in time C．at all D．on purpose 解析：选D　句意：我们很生气，因为我们发现这个男孩是故意犯这个错误的。on purpose “故意”，符合题意。on time “按时”；in time “及时”；at all “根本”。‎ ‎5．—There is growing________about house prices.‎ ‎—Don't worry! Something has been done.‎ A．power B．item C．series D．concern 解析：选D　根据答句中的Don't worry 可知在此应用concern “担心”。‎ ‎6．As we all know, Teachers' Day is a time to be ________ to all teachers who deserve special recognition.‎ A．available B．grateful C．generous D．ridiculous 解析：选B　考查形容词辨析。句意：众所周知，教师节是向所有老师表示感谢的时候，他们理应受到这样的特殊认可。grateful“感激的；表示感谢的”，符合句意。available ‎“可获得的”；generous“大方的；慷慨的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”。‎ ‎7．You'd better ________ your score and see if you have passed the exam.‎ A．get up B．ring up C．add up D．put up 解析：选C　句意：你最好把分数加起来，看看是否能及格。add up “合计”，符合题意。get up“起床”；ring up“打电话”；put up“建造；张贴；举起”。‎ ‎8．The doctor told him that it would take her a long time to fully ________ from the serious disease.‎ A．recover B．recognize C．realize D．return 解析：选A　句意：医生告诉他，她需要很长时间才能完全从疾病中康复。recover“恢复”，符合题意。recognize“认出；认可”；realize“意识到”；return“返回”。‎ ‎9．—Jim is always saying I'm ugly, Mom.‎ ‎—Just ________ him. You are the most beautiful in my eyes.‎ A．ignore B．leave C．refuse D．miss 解析：选A　句意：“吉姆总是说我丑，妈妈。”“别理睬他。在我眼中你是最美丽的。”ignore“不理睬；忽视”，符合句意。leave“让……保持某种状态”；refuse“拒绝”；miss “错过”。‎ ‎10．You can't have lost the keys. ________ all your pockets again. ‎ A．Go down　　　　　　　　 B．Go against C．Go through D．Go across 解析：选C　考查go的相关短语的意义。句意：你不可能把钥匙弄丢的。把你所有的口袋再检查一下吧。go through“仔细检查”，符合句意。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 A few weeks ago, my friend offered to sell some of our things for us. I thought it was a good opportunity to __11__ my 7yearold son's room and__12__some toys that were no longer suitable for him to play with. We __13__that all the money we got from selling the toys would be his money.‎ The night before the__14__， we loaded (装载) up the truck with toys and a little bike that was too__15__for him. In the yard he__16__the bike for the last time and then happily put it onto the truck.This little bike had at least two previous (以前的) owners as far as we__17__.It was certainly not__18__， but the tires (轮胎) were__19__good.‎ We put a price of D|S10 on it, but it didn't sell. So, after the sale was__20__， my friend put it on the sidewalk, with a sign that__21__“FREE BIKE”．Within five minutes her doorbell rang. A little boy was__22__there. In poor English he asked whether the bike was __23__free. She said yes and that he could have it for __24__. He smiled, got on the bike and rode away.‎ Later that evening when I told my son how much money he had made at the sale, he was very__25__， shouting happily. He asked about a few of his things, wondering __26__ they had been sold. When he asked about the bike, I told him about the little boy and that made him __27__.He was much happier than when I told him how much he had__28__. He was so happy to__29__that someone else would make good__30__of that little bike!‎ ‎11．A.clean B．check C．display D．design 解析：选A　根据下句中的selling the toys可知，这是清理(clean)儿子房间的一个好机会。‎ ‎12．A.look for B．go through C．throw out D．deal with 解析：选D　根据下文that引导的定语从句可知，这些玩具已经不再适合儿子玩了，故将其处理(deal with)掉。‎ ‎13．A.refused B．agreed C．wrote D．lied 解析：选B　我们都赞同(agree)卖玩具所得的钱归儿子所有。‎ ‎14．A.trip B．show C．sale D．decision 解析：选C　根据上文的selling及20空前的sale可知，此处选用sale。‎ ‎15．A.weak B．small C．big D．thin 解析：选B　由常识可知，儿子长大了，这辆自行车对他来说应该是太小(small)了。‎ ‎16．A.rode B．found C．watched D．felt 解析：选A　东西第二天就要拿去卖，故这是儿子最后一次骑(ride)那辆自行车。‎ ‎17．A.doubted B．knew C．told D．thought 解析：选B　句意：据我们所知，这辆小自行车之前至少有过两个主人。as far as we know意为“据我们所知”。‎ ‎18．A.heavy B．cheap C．old D．new 解析：选D　自行车已换过几位主人，所以肯定不是新的(new)了。‎ ‎19．A.also B．never C．still D．hardly 解析：选C　由but可知，前后分句语意上有转折的意思，故选用still(仍然)，表示轮胎仍然很好。‎ ‎20．A.ahead B．on C．near D．over 解析：选D　由上一句可知，自行车到最后也没有卖出去，故选用over(结束)，表示销售结束后。‎ ‎21．A.said B．repeated C．copied D．expressed 解析：选A　此处指牌子上写着，故选用said。say此处意为“(用文字、数字、图画)表达，说明”。‎ ‎22．A.jumping B．standing C．walking D．shouting 解析：选B　门铃响了，门外站着(stand)一个男孩。‎ ‎23．A.recently B．usually C．really D．always 解析：选C　男孩问这辆自行车是否真的(really)免费。‎ ‎24．A.something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 解析：选D　for nothing 与前面的free相呼应。‎ ‎25．A.calm B．surprised C．excited D．serious 解析：选C　由空后的shouting happily可知，儿子非常高兴，故选用excited(兴奋的)。‎ ‎26．A.when B．if C．why D．what 解析：选B　儿子想知道他的东西是否被卖掉了。if“是否”，引导宾语从句。‎ ‎27．A.smile B．worry C．leave D．cry 解析：选A　由下句的much happier可推知，当儿子得知自行车有人要之后，更加高兴，故选smile。‎ ‎28．A.enjoyed B．lost C．bought D．made 解析：选D　make money“赚钱”，为固定搭配。此处指卖旧玩具赚了多少钱。‎ ‎29．A.hear B．understand C．remember D．imagine 解析：选A　根据本段第二、三句可知儿子很关心玩具的去向，所以当他听到(hear)这些消息时很高兴。‎ ‎30．A.interest B．money C．use D．price 解析：选C　能有人充分利用(use)这辆小自行车，儿子很高兴。make good use of 意为“充分利用”，符合文意。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A My name is Chelsea Chowderhead. A chowder is a kind of soup. I was laughed at because of my last name as soon as I started school. So when my family moved to South Carolina, I asked my dad if I could change my name. ‎ ‎“You shouldn't change who you are. Let people get to know you first and your name later. When you meet someone new, ask them a good question, something you're really interested in. Once people start talking about themselves, they don't judge (评价) you.”‎ Two days later I headed to my new school for the first day of class. At lunch, I noticed that there were twin brothers who were talking to each other. I remembered my dad's advice, so I decided to try. ‎ I noticed that their lunchboxes were identical.“What's it like being a twin？”I asked.‎ They looked surprised. Then one said, “No one has ever asked us that！”‎ ‎“Most of the time it's good，”the other said. “When you're a twin you always have someone to talk to and have lunch with.”‎ In no time we were laughing and talking. Then one of the brothers said, “I'm Nicholas, and this is my brother, Nathaniel. What's your name？”‎ I took a deep breath and said，“I'm Chelsea Chowderhead.”‎ ‎“Chowder? Like the soup？”asked Nathaniel.‎ ‎“Yes，”I replied, looking down. ‎ ‎“Hey, cool! Do you want to come over after school and play basketball with us？” Nathaniel asked. I nodded.‎ And that is how I became friends with the twin brothers.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Chelsea Chowderhead 曾因自己的姓名而受到同学们的嘲笑，所以在转学后他想改名字。父亲没有同意但是给他提了个好建议。他按照父亲的建议去做，在开学第一天就与一对双胞胎兄弟结为好友。‎ ‎31．Why did the writer want to change his name?‎ A．People made fun of it.‎ B．He wanted to make more friends.‎ C．It was hard to remember.‎ D．He wanted to be cool in the new school.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“A chowder is a kind of soup. I was laughed at because of my last name”可知，因为自己的姓和一种汤的名称一样，以前的同学总笑话他，所以在转学后，他想改名字。‎ ‎32．The writer's father advised him to ________.‎ A．move to a new class B．say hello to others C．share his interests D．ask good questions 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据父亲所说的话“When you meet someone new, ask them a good question, something you're really interested in.”可知答案为D。‎ ‎33．The underlined word “identical” in Paragraph 4 probably means________.‎ A．same B．beautiful C．big D．full 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据本词后作者的问题及常识可以推断，一般双胞胎用的东西都是一样的。‎ ‎34．When the twin brothers asked his name, the writer felt________.‎ A．surprised B．angry C．nervous D．proud 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据“I took a deep breath”及“looking down”可知，名字是作者的心病，当双胞胎兄弟问他叫什么名字时，他怕又遭到嘲笑，所以很紧张。‎ B Foods from Around the World Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries. Here are four people's experiences with foreign food.‎ Shao Wong is a student in France. He comes from China. “I'd never tasted cheese or even milk before I came here. Cattle are rare in my part of China, so there are no dairy products. I tried milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it! I sampled cheese too, but couldn't manage more than one bite. I love ice cream, though, and that's made from milk.”‎ Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vacation. “I was in a restaurant that specialized in fish, and I heard some other customers order flake. So I ordered some too and it was delicious. Later, I found out that flake is an Australian term for shark. After that pleasant experience, whenever I see a new food I try it out on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake.”‎ Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She originates from India. “I'm frightened of eating new foods because they might be made from beef. I'm a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. It's a sacred animal to Hindus, so that's the reason I can't eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs.”‎ Nathan is American. He taught for a year in China. “My friends gave me some 100yearold ‎ eggs to eat. I didn't like the look of them at all. The insides were green, but my friends said the color was normal. The Chinese put chemicals on fresh eggs. Then they bury them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren't really very old. Even so, I absolutely refused to touch them.”‎ Life in a new country can be scary, but it also can be fun. Would you sample a 100yearold egg? Would you order shark in a restaurant?‎ 语篇解读：虽然不同国家有着不同的饮食习惯，但是经过尝试一些异国食品，也许你能够喜欢上它们。‎ ‎35．Which of the following sentences is TRUE about Shao Wong?‎ A．He is a FrenchChinese.‎ B．Cattle are seldom raised in his hometown.‎ C．He doesn't like any diary products.‎ D．He didn't taste cheese because he hated it.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段Shao Wong所说的“Cattle are rare in my part of China”可知，在Shao Wong的家乡，人们几乎不养牛。‎ ‎36．Chandra is frightened of eating food made from beef, because ________.‎ A．it's against Hindus' religion B．she thinks beef is not easy to digest C．she is an Indian D．Hindus think beef is not tasty 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第四段Chandra的自述可知，她不吃牛肉类食品是因为她的宗教信仰禁止她这么做。‎ ‎37．The underlined word “sacred” in Paragraph 4 means “________”．‎ A．frightening B．large C．manmade D．greatly respected 解析：选D　词义猜测题。由划线词所在的上句可知，Chandra的宗教禁止她吃牛肉，由此可推知，在她的宗教中牛是神圣的，是受到人们高度敬仰的动物。‎ ‎38．What can we infer from this passage?‎ A．Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries.‎ B．Despite cultural differences in food, have a try and maybe you'll get used to it.‎ C．A vacation is a good way to learn about new foods. Be sure to go on vacation more often.‎ D．People dislike eating new foods only because their religion forbids it.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。通过本文的叙述可推知，人们到达一个与自己的饮食文化不同的国家后，如果进行一番尝试，也许自己会喜欢上这种异国食品。A项是原文中的句子，不是推断得出的，故排除。‎ C I Am a Pencil Children's book author Sam Swope took a job teaching writing to thirdgraders in the New York City. His students were immigrants from 21 countries, having many different beliefs (信仰). But there were a few things they had in common. Family troubles, for one. And Poetry. Every student, with the help of this creative teacher, made great progress in writing.‎ Cover Price: D|S59.88‎ Price: D|S19.95‎ You Save: D|S39.93 (67%)‎ What It Takes to Help Me Out As an editor for US News&World Report, David L. Marcus takes us inside a boarding school for troubled teens. The great stresses are put on these teens, which makes them lose their nature.‎ Cover Price: D|S35.86‎ Price: D|S15.00‎ You Save：D|S20.86 (58%)‎ The Most Scenic Drives in America Updated (再版) and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997, this travel book includes over 200 new photographs of the wonderful places. The updated edition (版本) also provides maps and other information.‎ Cover Price: D|S47.88‎ Price: D|S23.88‎ You Save: D|S24.00 (50%)‎ Our Brother's Keeper Author Jedwin Smith's brother, Jeff, was killed in Vietnam. He tells what happened when he met his brother's old marine (海军的) friends, who were all hurt by the past they share. Together they visited the place where Jeff died. Surprisingly, their Vietnamese guide was the former commander (指挥官) of the Viet Cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed Jeff ...‎ Cover Price: D|S59.40‎ Price；D|S10.00‎ You Save: D|S49.40 (83%)‎ ‎39．Which of the following offers the biggest price cut?‎ A．I Am a Pencil.‎ B．What It Takes to Help Me Out.‎ C．The Most Scenic Drives in America.‎ D．Our Brother's Keeper.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由各篇广告的You Save部分可知，Our Brother's Keeper的优惠幅度最大。‎ ‎40．If you are interested in taking photos, you would probably choose________.‎ A．I Am a Pencil B．What It Takes to Help Me Out C．The Most Scenic Drives in America D．Our Brother's Keeper 解析：选C　细节理解题。从The Most Scenic Drives in America的介绍中的“this travel book includes over 200 new photographs of the wonderful places”可知，这本书包含了200多幅美景照片，故答案为C项。‎ ‎41．From the book I Am a Pencil, we can learn that Sam Swope's students________.‎ A．like writing poetry B．study in high school C．are homeless children D．have no common beliefs 解析：选A　推理判断题。从I Am a Pencil的介绍可知，Sam Swope的学生来自不同国家，有着很多不同的信仰，同时也有一些共同点，如有家庭问题和喜欢诗歌，并且在老师的帮助下在写作上都取得了进步。由此可推知，他的学生们都喜欢写诗。‎ ‎42．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．What It Takes to Help Me Out is about troubled teens.‎ B．The Most Scenic Drives in America includes some maps.‎ C．Jeff's marine friends had the same bad experiences.‎ D．The former commander himself killed Jeff.‎ 解析：选D　正误判断题。由Our Brother's Keeper 的介绍中的最后一句可知，这个越南导游是当时执行袭击任务的指挥官，并不是他亲自杀死了Jeff，故答案为D项。‎ D Kids in Lake County, Fla., may get more than they asked for the next time they head to class. Officials in that county are considering letting companies advertise inside school buses and on school lunch menus.‎ Supporters say it is a great way for poor schools to earn some money. But not everyone buys that idea. Kids go to school to learn, they say, not to be attracted by ads.‎ Should advertising be allowed in schools? Student reporters Michael Baick and Kaitlyn Rentals each sell a side.Michael Baick Would you rather look at an ad on a school bus or have that bus take you to a school that can't afford to pay its teachers? Many schools have cut salaries (薪水), classroom materials, and more. Selling ad space is a way to make the money some schools really need.‎ Chris Collins, a middle school head in Longmeadow, Mass., agrees. He says he would rather allow ads in his school than have to fire staff members. “If that was my choice, I would clearly support advertising in schools，”he says. ‎ School officials can also control the type of advertising that is allowed. They can allow only some businesses, such as those that sell healthy foods, to advertise. How much harm would that do?‎ Kaitlyn Rentals Companies shouldn't be allowed to advertise in schools. Children see enough ads at home, and they should not see any more of them at school. Besides, school is for learning, and allowing businesses to advertise would get in the way of that.‎ Isabelle Oktay, an 11yearold from Rye, N．Y.，agrees.“Kids would be distracted (分散注意力) by all the ads，”she says. What's more, students might feel pressured to buy what is featured in the ads.‎ Some people say letting companies advertise in schools would help bring in money. However, it leaves kids at schools no choice. At home, they decide whether to look at ads，but at school, they would be forced to see them every day.‎ 语篇解读：本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了是否应该让商家在校内做广告。‎ ‎43．The text mainly talks about________.‎ A．what schools can do for their students B．whether kids should look at advertisements C．where companies should put their advertisements D．whether companies should be allowed to advertise in schools 解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Should advertising be allowed in schools？”可知答案。‎ ‎44．According to Michael Baick's report，________.‎ A．schools should think carefully about what ads to put ‎ B．allowing advertising in schools is not a good idea C．schools should not cut classroom materials D．most students don't want to look at ads 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文中Michael Baick这一方所说的“School officials can also control the type of advertising that is allowed.”可知，学校应精心挑选广告。‎ ‎45．The side Kaitlyn Rentals interviewed wants to protect the rights of________.‎ A．schools B．parents C．students D．companies 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文中Kaitlyn Rentals采访的一方所说的话可知，他们一直站在学生的立场上反对让商家在校内做广告。‎ ‎46．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Most schools in Fla. are poor and need much money.‎ B．Companies have already put ads in some schools.‎ C．Isabelle Oktay likes to buy things in the ads.‎ D．Chris Collins manages a middle school.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段的“Chris Collins, a middle school head”可知，他是中学校长，管理一所学校。‎ E Have you experienced train travel in China in the past? You need to arrive at the railway station an hour before the train leaves. However, if you take a train during spring rush or holidays, you are advised to be two hours earlier. Here are the basic steps for boarding.‎ Step 1: Enter the railway station.‎ There are Xray machines in the entrance of each railway station. All the luggage (行李) has to be passed through to examine for the dangerous items. Once you put your luggage on the machine, please go to the other side and fetch them quickly in case that your luggage is taken either by mistake or on purpose.‎ Step 2: Find the right waiting room.‎ After you enter the railway station, you should find the place where your train is going to leave from. There are always electronic boards in the railway station with information shown in Chinese. You can find your waiting room according to the information given on your train tickets, or you can ask a member of staff (全体员工) for help if you are in trouble with the Chinese characters.‎ Step 3: Get into the platform (站台)．‎ In most cases, checkin starts 30 minutes before the train's departure if it is the starting station. Thus you are advised to arrive at the station one hour earlier. If it is not a starting station, checkin starts when the train arrives, then you just need to be 30 minutes earlier. There will be broadcasts to inform you then. Remember to take all your luggage!‎ Step 4: Board the train.‎ The train number and the carriage number are shown outside the train clearly; therefore it is easy to find your carriage. There is a member of staff at the door of each carriage to whom you are required to show your ticket. If you come to the wrong carriage, he/she will help you to the right one.‎ 语篇解读：如何在中国乘坐火车，尤其在春运和节假日，人满为患，一票难求，你又如何去应付？那就从本文去寻找答案吧。‎ ‎47．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．How to take the train.‎ B．Where to find the platform.‎ C．Why we should take the train.‎ D．When to get to the railway station.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。文章第一段即点出了本文的主题——如何在中国乘坐火车，下文具体介绍了乘火车的四个步骤，故A项为正确答案。‎ ‎48．During the spring rush you'd better reach the railway station ________.‎ A．an hour early B．within thirty minutes C．in one hour and a half D．two hours ahead of time 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，如果你是在春运期间坐火车，最好提前两个小时到火车站。‎ ‎49．When you get on the train, ________.‎ A．you should remember the train number B．you have to buy a ticket for your luggage C．the railway staff probably offer you some help D．you'd better notice the information on the board 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，如果你正要上的车厢不是你应该上的车厢，车厢门口的铁路工作人员会给你提供帮助，指引你到正确的车厢检票上车。由此可知，C项正确。‎ ‎50．The passage is probably written for ________.‎ A．Chinese B．foreigners C．farmers D．students 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“or you can ask a member of staff (全体员工) for help if you are in trouble with the Chinese characters”可知，识别汉字有困难的人可以向车站工作人员寻求帮助。由此可推断，本文很可能是写给外国人看的。‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎51．Mary's mother asked her if_she_had_finished her homework.(finish)‎ 玛丽的妈妈问她是否完成了作业。‎ ‎52．This is the first time that_we_have_seen_a_film in the cinema together as a family.(see)‎ 这是我们第一次全家去电影院看电影。‎ ‎53．I had_great_difficulty_finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.(have)‎ 我很难在那家饭店的菜单上找到合适的食物。‎ ‎54．It is the most instructive lecture that_I_have_attended since I came to this school.(attend)‎ 这是我到这个学校以来听过的最有教育意义的演讲。‎ ‎55．Could you tell me where_it_was that you found the missing boy? (it)‎ 你能告诉我你究竟在哪里找到那个丢失的男孩的？‎ ‎56．Having_set_down all the figures he needed, he started his first experiment cautiously.(set)‎ 记下了所有需要的数据，他小心翼翼地开始了他的第一次试验。‎ ‎57．Lincoln's whole school education added_up_to no more than one year, because his family was very poor.(add)‎ 因为林肯家境贫困，他全部的学校教育加起来只有一年。‎ ‎58．He made an apology in_order_not_to_be_scolded_for what he had done.(order)‎ 为了不受责备，他对他所做的事道了歉。‎ ‎59．Although Mr. Smith is_always_tired_with his work, he is never tired of his job.(tire)‎ 史密斯先生经常工作很疲劳，但是他从不厌倦他的工作。‎ ‎60．I think it quite right that allowing ourselves to_go_through difficulties or pains helps us suit for life.(go)‎ 让自己经历困难或痛苦能够帮助我们去适应生活，我认为这种说法是对的。‎ Ⅴ.短文写作 假如你的英语老师是Bruce，请根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文来介绍他。‎ ‎•英国人，40岁左右，又高又瘦，戴着一副眼镜；‎ ‎•对学生要求严格，认真备课，认真批改作业；‎ ‎•教学方法独特，鼓励学生独立思考，培养学生自学能力；‎ ‎•和蔼可亲，深受学生的爱戴和尊敬。‎ 注意：1.词数不少于120；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文：‎ Bruce, our English teacher, is from England and about 40 years old. He is tall and thin, with a pair of glasses on his nose. He is getting on well with us, but is quite strict with us. He always makes full preparations for his classes and corrects our homework carefully. His teaching methods are quite different from those of other teachers. In class he always encourages us to think by ourselves and develop our ability to study independently. He is very kind and friendly to us, and often helps us whenever it is possible. We all love and respect him.‎