2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module2TheRenaissance学案

2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module2TheRenaissance学案

Module 2 The Renaissance学案 基础自主回顾 Ⅰ.课标单词 ‎1．__________(v.)对……征税，向……课税 ‎2．__________(v.)逃跑，逃掉 ‎3．__________(v.)恳求；呼吁 ‎4．__________(v.)寻找；寻求 ‎5．__________(n.)方面；利益 ‎6．__________(n.)(对错事或坏事应负的)责任 ‎7．__________(n.)自由；自由权 tax flee appeal seek behalf blame liberty 8．__________(n.)激情，热爱 ‎9．__________(adj.)引起烦恼的；令人不安的→________(v.)打扰；扰乱→__________(n.)打扰；妨碍 ‎10．__________(n.)效果；作用→__________(adj.)有效的；起作用的 ‎11．__________(v.)激发，激励→__________(n.)激起动机；意图 ‎12．__________(n.)(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子→________(n.)猜疑；疑心→__________(adj.)多疑的；可疑的 ‎13．__________(v.)鼓舞，激励→__________(n.)鼓舞；启示；灵感 ‎14．__________(n.)职业→_____________(adj.)专业的；职业的 ‎.passion disturbing disturb disturbance effect effective motivate motivation　‎ suspect suspicion suspicious inspire inspiration profession professional Ⅱ.常用短语 ‎1．____________出发去某地 ‎2．____________把……抛在后面 ‎3．____________代表……‎ ‎4．________________厌倦做某事；厌烦做某事 ‎5．____________到(某个数量)‎ ‎6．____________依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)‎ ‎7．____________历史上 leave for leave sth. behind on behalf of get tired of doing sth up to depend on in history 8．____________获得自由的 ‎9．____________导致，通向，通往 ‎10．____________从事，开始做(某项工作)‎ at liberty lead to take up Ⅲ.重点句型 ‎1．________the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.‎ 它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。‎ 答案：It is believed to be 2．Painters discovered ________ perspective and the effects of light...‎ 画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果…… 答案：how to use 3．So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from ________.‎ 那么你有可能沿街走了半个小时左右，结果离你出发的地点实际上只有五分钟的路程。‎ 答案：where you started Ⅳ.模块语法 ‎1. Don't use words, expressions or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge.‎ A. being known　　　B. having been known C. to be known D. known 答案：D 2. ________such heavy pollution, it might be a bit late to clean up the river.‎ A. Having suffered B. Suffered C. To suffer D. Being suffered 答案：A 3. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.‎ A. being robbed B. having been robbed C. to have been robbed D. robbed 答案：C 4. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________ trouble.‎ A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made 答案：B ‎ ‎5. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys ________ to go to school.‎ A. to be encouraged B. been encouraged C. being encouraged D. be encouraged 答案：C 6. —Come on, Mary！What's up?‎ ‎—My brother. I've just heard the news of ________ from that good job.‎ A. his having fired B. his firing C. his having been fired D. his fired 答案：C 考点探究解密 考 点 解 读 ‎ ‎1．appeal v．恳求，呼吁；诉诸；求助；有吸引力；(律)上诉　n．呼吁，恳求；吸引力；上诉 This poem makes an appeal to the emotions. 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁，引起某人兴趣 ‎②appeal to sb. for为……向某人呼吁(请求)‎ ‎③appeal to...向……呼吁，诉诸于/求助于，对……有吸引力，上诉 ‎④appeal to arms(force)诉诸武力 ‎⑤appeal for mercy/sympathy请求宽恕/同情 误区警示：appeal作为一个多义词，应用的具体语境是值得注意的。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①The United Nations' appeal for a ceasefire has been largely ignored by both sides.‎ 总的来说，双方对联合国关于停火的呼吁不予理会。‎ ‎②The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.‎ 警方呼吁公众提供有关这宗罪案的信息。‎ 命题方向：appeal构成的短语和句型很有可能在高考单项填空和完形填空中考查。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)Bright colors appeal_to small children.(替换)________‎ ‎(2)He appealed_to his friends for support.(替换)________‎ ‎(3)We will ________(求助于)a great variety of sources of information.‎ 答案：(1)interests　(2)turned to　(3)appeal to (4)(2010·杭州高三模拟)—Did he say something in the lecture that ________ you?‎ ‎—Not really. Actually I felt sleepy over his speech.‎ A. adjusted to B. attached to C. referred to D. appealed to 答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。根据下文可知演讲并没有吸引我，故选appeal to对……有吸引力。adjust to适应；attach to依附于……；refer to提及。 2．suspect n．嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人　v．怀疑，疑心，猜想　adj.可疑的，靠不住的 What she said sounded convincing，but I suspect it to be a lie.‎ 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①suspicion n．怀疑 ‎②suspicious adj.怀疑的；疑心的 ‎③suspect sth.怀疑，不信任(某事物)‎ ‎④suspect sb. of sth./doing sth.认为……有……之嫌疑 ⑤suspect＋sth.‎ that从句 名词或代词＋to be　认为某事物有 存在或属实的 想法；相信 ⑥be suspicious of对……表示怀疑 朗文在线：‎ ‎①What he said was suspect.‎ 他的话不可靠。‎ ‎②The police have decided the crime suspect.‎ 警察已确定了这次谋杀案的嫌疑人。‎ ‎③Who did the police suspect of the crime?‎ 警察怀疑谁作的案？ ‎ 活学巧练：‎ The man________of shooting 6 school children was caught by Beijing police, the Xinhua News Agency reported on Friday.‎ A．being suspected　　　　B．suspecting C．suspected D．to be suspected 答案与解析：C　suspected of...为过去分词短语作定语修饰 the man。A、D从时态上考虑不合适。 3．blame vt.责备，指责，把……归咎于　n．(对错事或坏事应负的)责任 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①have sb. to blame责怪某人 ‎②blame sb. for sth.因……责备某人 ‎③blame sth. on/upon sb.因……责备某人；把……归咎于某人 ‎④be to blame该受责备；应负责任 误区警示：‎ ‎①scold sb. for sth.因……而责骂某人 ‎②punish sb. for sth.因……而惩罚某人 ‎③praise sb. for sth.因……而表扬某人 blame是一个用法比较特殊的动词，其本身已经有被动的意思，常用主动形式表被动。‎ Who is the man to blame？谁应该承担责任？ 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Mom blamed herself for Danny's problems.‎ 丹尼出了问题，妈妈把责任归咎于自己。‎ ‎②Don't go trying to blame it on me!‎ 别想赖我！‎ ‎③You are not to blame for what happened.‎ 出了事不能怪你。 词语辨析：scold与blame ‎①scold意思是“责骂”“训斥”，指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈，上级对下级。‎ ‎②blame意思是“责备”“责怪”，语气较轻。而且blame的意思是指“将过失归咎于某人”。 命题方向：be to blame 主动形式表被动意义的用法常在高考单项填空和完形填空中考查到，考生应熟练掌握。 活学巧练：汉译英 ‎(1)不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪你自己。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：(1)Don't always blame your own failure on others.Sometimes you yourself are to blame. (2)事故责任应归咎于他。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：(2)They blamed him for the accident.＝They blame the accident on him.＝He was to blame for the accident. 4．effect n．结果，效果；作用，影响 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①have an effect on/upon对……产生影响 be of no effect无效，没有作用 bring/carry/put into effect实行，实施，使生效 come into effect开始生效，开始实施 take effect见效，生效，实施 ‎②affect v．影响；(指疾病)侵袭；感染；感动 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Realization of the “Three links”will have a great effect on the life of people on both sides of the strait.‎ ‎“三通”的实现将对海峡两岸人民的生活有很大影响。‎ ‎②The new tax regulations came into effect last year.‎ 新税法去年已开始实施。‎ ‎③The change in climate may affect your health.‎ 气候的变化可能影响你的健康。 活学巧练：‎ This drug did not ________ his health, in fact, it seemed to have no ________ at all.‎ A. effect; effect B. effect; affect C. affect; effect D. affect; affect ‎ 答案与解析：C　句意：这种药没有影响他的健康，事实上，似乎一点效果都没有。affect是动词，意为“影响”；have no effect (on...)“(对……)没有影响” 5．seek (sought；sought)v.寻求；追求；探求；探索；(正式)试图 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①seek advice/help/permission征求建议/寻求帮助/征求同意 ‎②seek fame追求名利 ‎③seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某物 ‎④seek to do sth.(正式)试图做某事 ‎⑤seek one's fortune寻找致富(或成功)的机会 ‎⑥seek for/after寻求，追求 词语辨析：seek，find与search ‎①seek“寻找，探索”，一般用于抽象意义，有时也表示渴望得到某一具体的东西，是比较正式的书面用法。既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。作不及物动词表“寻找、探索”时，既可接after也可接for。‎ ‎②find“找到”，强调“寻找”的结果。‎ ‎③search“搜寻，搜查”，后接要搜查的场所；后接人时指“搜身”。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①We sought (for) an answer to the question, but couldn't find one.‎ 我们寻求这个问题的答案，可是没能找到。‎ ‎②I have never sought to hide my views.‎ 我从不企图隐瞒自己的观点。‎ ‎③Most men seek wealth; all men seek happiness.‎ 大多数人寻求财富，每个人都追求幸福。 活学巧练：汉译英 ‎(1)寻求财富、权力和名声不是我的人生目标。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(1)Seeking wealth, power and fame is not my life goal. (2)我将征求医生的意见。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(2)I will seek my doctor's advice. 6．take up占用；占据；拿起；举起；开始从事于；把……接下去 ‎①take up(too much)time占(太多)时间 ‎②take up too much space/room占太多空间 ‎③take up arms拿起武器 ‎④take up the study of English开始学习英语 ‎⑤This kind of paper takes up ink.(＝absorb)‎ 这种纸吸墨水。 ⑥This shirt will need taking up.‎ 这条裙子需要改短。‎ ‎⑦take up gardening(golf)‎ 以园艺(打高尔夫球)作消遣 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①take care of照顾，照料 ‎②take...for...误认为……是……‎ ‎③take in吸收；包括；收留；改小(衣服)‎ ‎④take after长得像(父母亲)‎ ‎⑤take...for granted想当然……，认为……是当然的 ‎⑥take interest in对……感兴趣 ‎⑦take one's seat就座 ⑧take out(of)取出 ‎⑨take pride in引以为自豪 ‎⑩take off(飞机等)起飞；成功；脱掉(衣物)；休假 B11take on雇用；呈现 B12take over接管；接任 朗文在线：‎ ‎①His face took on a worried look.‎ 他的脸上开始露出焦虑的神情。‎ ‎②Will you take over the driving when we reach Madison?‎ 等我们到达麦迪逊后，你来接着开车，好吗？‎ ‎③The runners took up their positions on the starting line.‎ 赛跑运动员已在起跑线上各就各位。 命题方向：由take构成的短语动词和句型是高考考查的重点内容，单项填空和完形填空中很容易考查到，书面表达中也常常用到。 活学巧练：‎ After he retired from office, Rogers ______ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.‎ A．took up B．saved up C．kept up D．drew up 答案与解析：A　这里take up表示“开始从事于”。 7．leave sb./sth. behind把……抛/落在后面，超过，遗留 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①leave sb./sth. alone不干预，不干涉；不碰 ‎②leave for出发去某地，动身去某地 ‎③leave sth. with/to sb.把……交给/遗留给某人 ‎④leave sb./sth.＋宾补　使/让……处于某种状态 ‎⑤leave aside不考虑；忽视 ‎⑥leave off停止 ‎⑦leave out省略 误区警示：(1)leave for中leave可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词，构成leave...for。‎ They will leave Shanghai for Hong Kong.‎ 他们将离开上海去香港。‎ ‎(2)“把……忘/落在某地了”应用动词leave而不用forget，如“我把手套忘/落在公共汽车上了。”应译为“I've left my gloves on the bus.” 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Leave it with me and I'll fix it for you.‎ 把它留给我吧，我会帮你修好的。‎ ‎②They're leaving for Rome in the morning.‎ 他们打算早晨动身去罗马。‎ ‎③I wish you'd stop leaving the door open.‎ 我希望你别老开着门。‎ ‎④Leave behind a clean world for future generations.‎ 留给下一代一个清洁的地球。 ⑤Leave him to do it himself.‎ 让他自个儿去做。‎ ‎⑥I've told you to leave my things alone.‎ 我已经告诉过你不要动我的东西。 ‎ 命题方向：“leave＋宾语＋宾补”句型是高考考查的重点，作宾补的可以是名词、形容词、分词、不定式或介词短语。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)You'd better ________(让窗子关着)when you're asleep.‎ 答案：(1)leave the windows closed　‎ ‎(2)I________(把帽子忘了)on the chair.‎ 答案:(2)left my hat behind ‎(3)Go and join in the party.________ it to me to do the washing－up.‎ A．Get B．Remain C．Leave D．Send 答案与解析：C　leave sth. to sb.把……交给某人。句意为：把打扫卫生交给我来做。 8．on behalf of代表 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①on sb.'s behalf＝on behalf of sb.代表某人 ‎②in sb.'s behalf＝in behalf of sb.为帮助某人 误区警示：on behalf of常在句子中作状语用，而represent和stand for为及物动词，须接宾语，表示“代表……”。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①On behalf of everyone here，may I wish you a very happy retirement.‎ 我代表在座各位祝你退休愉快。‎ ‎②Oh，don't go to any trouble on my behalf.‎ 不要因为我而麻烦您。‎ 命题方向：on behalf of短语中介词on以及of的搭配是常考点。 活学巧练：‎ Zhang Ziyi is not present，so the director will accept the prize __________.‎ A．on behalf B．in behalf C．on behalf of her D．in the behalf 答案与解析：C　因为章子怡没有出席，导演代表她领奖。 9．where从句 精讲拓展：‎ where可引导多种从句：‎ ‎①名词性从句 Where he has gone is not known yet.(主语从句)‎ 他去了什么地方还不清楚。‎ I don't know where he has gone.(宾语从句)‎ 我不知道他去了哪里。 ②定语从句 Can you find a situation where this phrase can be used?‎ 你能找到一个能使用这个短语的场合吗？‎ ‎③状语从句 Where there is a will，there is a way.‎ 有志者事竟成。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①I asked Lucy where she was going.‎ 我问露西她要去哪儿。‎ ‎②Sit where you like.‎ 你随便坐吧。‎ 命题方向：where作引导词引导从句的用法，是高考重点考查的内容，一般在单项填空中考查其与what，when，how以及wherever的区别。 活学巧练：‎ I can think of many cases __________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.‎ A．why B．which C．as D．where 答案与解析：D　where在这里引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词case。 10．复习非谓语动词 ‎(一)复习动名词 动名词的作用：从动名词在句子里的作用来看，它类似于名词；可以作主语、定语、表语和宾语。 1．作主语：‎ Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.‎ 早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处。‎ There is no littering about.‎ 不许乱扔杂物。‎ ‎2．作定语：‎ reading material阅读材料 swimming pool游泳池 3．作表语：动名词作表语主要说明“主语是做什么的、或是怎么回事”，动作意义弱，较抽象。‎ His part－time job is promoting new products for the company.‎ 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。(动名词)‎ Their task is exploring oil mines in the west.‎ 他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。(动名词) 4．作宾语：常见的用动名词作宾语的及物动词：avoid，can't help，consider，excuse，finish，give up，imagine，keep on，mind，miss，suggest等。‎ He managed to escape suffering from the disease.‎ 他设法避免患那种疾病。‎ Excuse my interrupting you for a while.‎ 请原谅我打扰你一会儿。 (二)复习动词不定式 不定式在句中起名词、动词、形容词和副词的作用，因此可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语，动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，它没有人称和数的变化。‎ ‎1．不定式作主语 不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it代替，而把不定式短语放在后面。‎ It is not easy to master a foreign language.‎ 掌握一门外语并不容易 2．不定式作宾语和宾补 ‎(1)下列动词后只能用不定式而不用动名词作宾语：ask，agree，care，choose，demand，dare，decide，expect，fail，hope，learn，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，desire等。 (2)下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。‎ forgetto do sth.忘记去做某事 doing sth.忘记已经做过某事 rememberto do sth.记住去做某事 doing sth.记得曾经做过某事 regretto do sth.遗憾去做某事 doing sth.后悔做过某事 stopto do sth.停下手头正做的事去做另一件事 doing sth.停止正在做的事 tryto do sth.努力去做某事 doing sth.尝试做某事 go onto do sth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事 doing sth.继续做同一件事 can't helpto do sth.不能帮助做某事 doing sth.情不自禁地做某事 3．不定式作状语 He sat down to have a rest.(表目的)‎ 他坐下来休息。‎ He woke up only/just to find everybody gone.(表结果)‎ 他醒来时发现大家都走了。‎ I'm very glad to see you.(表原因)‎ 见到你我非常高兴。 注意：强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to或so as to＋动词原形。so as to不用于句首。‎ He got up early in order to catch the first bus.‎ 他早起是为了赶上第一班车。 4．不定式作定语 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。‎ The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.‎ 布朗一家有一套舒适的房子居住着。 5．不定式作表语 To see is to believe.‎ 眼见为实。‎ ‎6．疑问词＋不定式结构 疑问词(who，which，when，where，how，what等)＋不定式，这个结构在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。‎ I didn't know what to do.(宾语)‎ When to hold the meeting is not known yet.(主语) 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)—Robert is indeed a wise man.‎ ‎—Oh，yes.How often I have regretted ________ his advice!‎ A．to take B．taking C．not to take D．not taking 答案：D (2) The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.‎ A．to be heard B．to have heard C．hearing D．being heard 答案：A (3)What worried the child most was ________ to visit his mother in the hospital.‎ A．his not allowing B．his not being allowed C．his being not allowed D．having not been allowed 答案：B (4)—Can the project be finished as planned?‎ ‎—Sure.________ it completed in time，we'll work two more hours a day.‎ A．To have got B．To get C．Getting D．Having got 答案：B (5)Her father ________ in the U．S.A. for another year，so that she could work toward her master's degree.‎ A．agreed her to stay B．permitted her stay C．let her staying D．approved of her staying 答案：D 考 题 演 练 ‎ ‎1.—John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.‎ ‎—Oh，________！‎ A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations 答案与解析：D　cheer up“振作起来”，表示鼓励；well done干得好；go ahead干吧(做吧，用吧)；congratulations祝贺。根据上句“我和约翰将在下月庆祝结婚四十周年纪念”可知，答语应是表示祝贺。 ‎ ‎2． ________，you need to give all you have and try your best.‎ A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner 答案与解析：B　句意：为了成为赢家，你要付出你的所有并全力以赴。所以空格部分在句中应作目的状语，故要用动词不定式。 3． We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all ________.‎ A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up 答案与解析：C　句意：我们想要找到一个七人餐桌，但它们都被占用了。give away泄露；分发；keep away使离开；use up用尽，均不合题意。take up占据，符合题意。 4． The play ________ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.‎ A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced 答案与解析：C　句意：下月将要完成的那个戏剧主要反映当地的文化。play与produce之间为被动关系，又因next month为将来的时间，而A项指过去已完成的动作；B项指正在被完成的动作；而D项经常作状语，也表示已经完成的动作，故均可排除。 5． With the government's aid, those ________ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.‎ A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 答案与解析：C　句中有have moved作谓语，因此空格处应选择能作定语的选项，若those后有who可选D项，这样构成一个定语从句，但缺少who，因此只能选affect的过去分词形式作定语，因为affect(影响)与those(那些人们)之间是被动关系，故用affected。 6 To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________ as much as we can.‎ A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 答案与解析：C　此处考查“hear＋宾语＋do/doing/done”结构，因为English是“被说”，故用spoken作宾补，表示被动。 7． It is one of the funniest things ________ on the Internet so far this year.‎ A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found 答案与解析：D　found此处为过去分词作后置定语，用来修饰things，与things构成被动关系。句意：这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。 8． The moment I got home, I found I ________ my jacket on the playground.‎ A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 答案与解析：A　found为一般过去时态，而leave发生在find之前，故leave须用过去完成时态。 9． After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane ________ her job as a doctor in the countryside.‎ A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up 答案与解析：C　考查动词短语辨析。take up为“从事，做……”的意思。 ‎