高考英语二轮复习与策略专题限时集训3情态动词和虚拟语气

高考英语二轮复习与策略专题限时集训3情态动词和虚拟语气

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题限时集训(三) 情态动词和虚拟语气 1．It is required by the rules that students________get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship. A．will B．may C．shall D．would C [考查情态动词。句意：根据规定，学生如果想拿奖学金，任一单科成绩不得低于 85 分。shall 用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应，必 须”。故选 C。] 2．Visit the old man this afternoon？If you______，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin. A．must B．can C．may D．shall A [考查情态动词。句意：今天下午去看望那个老人？如果你一定要去，请务必涂上防 晒油以保护你的皮肤。if you must(do sth.)(表示虽不赞同但可允许)如果你一定要(那么 做)，故选 A。] 3．—Did you meet with the famous actress，Yang Mi? —If only I________here earlier! A．had come B．came C．would come D．have come A [If only“要是……该多好啊”，用以表示对现在或未来的愿望，结构为：If only ＋sb.＋did/情态动词＋v.；亦可表示与过去事实相反的愿望，结构为 If only＋sb.＋had done；答句语境为“我未见到著名演员杨幂，要是我早点来该多好啊！”“未见到”是过去 的事情。故选 A。] 4．—________it be Tom that stole the manager's mobile phone? —No.As far as I know，Tom is very honest. A．May B．Can C．Must D．Should B [考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can 可用于否定句或疑问句中表示推测；must 表推 测时一般用于肯定的陈述句中；may 和 should 表推测时不用于疑问句中。根据语境可知，B 项正确。句意：——有可能是汤姆偷了经理的手机吗？——不可能。据我所知，汤姆是非常 诚实的。] 5．—Why wasn't John hired for the job? —I don't know，but he________． A．was B．had been 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．should have D．should have been D [考查情态动词。句意：——为什么 John 没有被雇用？——我不知道，但是他……。 根据句意，选择 D 项最为恰当，意为他本该会被雇用，隐含意思为他并没有被雇用，正好符 合问句句意。] 6．He ________the job well，but he________so careless. A．had done；had been B．could do；was C．could have done；was D．hadn't done；had been C [句意：他本来能够做好那工作，但他太粗心了。答题的关键在于抓住句中的 but， but 后面的句子是对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时；前面的句子则表示“本来能 够……”，是对过去事情的推断，因此应用 could have done。故选 C。] 7．—Are you absent from the meeting? —Yes，who________it would rain! A．has thought B．had thought C．was thinking D．would have thought D [考查情态动词及虚拟语气的用法。句意：——你没去开会？——没有，谁会想到天 会下雨！故选 D。] 8．—Mr.Smith，can I hand in my composition tomorrow morning? —Forget it.I'd rather you________it to me this afternoon. A．can finish B．have finished C．would finish D．finished D [考查虚拟语气。would rather 后的句子应使用虚拟语气，根据 this afternoon 可 知此处表示与将来事实相反，故从句用一般过去时。would rather 后从句用一般过去时表 示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。故选 D。] 9．________more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games， I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted B [考查错综虚拟句。此处主句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略 if 要用倒装句；从句用“would＋动词原形”的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。故选 B。] 10．But for the help of my English teacher，I________the first prize in the 2015 English Writing Competition. A．would not win B．would not have won 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 C．would win D．would have won B [此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用 would/should/could/might ＋have done 结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选 B。本句的条件是由介词短语(but for) 表达的。] 11．It is a rule that public schools________provide adequate and safe sports facilities. A．must B．will C．shall D．can C [考查情态动词。shall 用于第三人称时，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或 规定，意为“应，必须”。故选 C。] 12．It seemed that our nursery rhymes________some magic because all the nights I sang them for my daughter，she would listen to them with keen pleasure. A．must have had B．should have had C．could have had D．need have had A [考查情态动词。句意：看来我们的儿歌一定有种魔力，因为每天晚上我为女儿唱时， 她都听得津津有味。must have done 是对过去的事情的肯定推测，表示“肯定，一定”。 故选 A。] 13．It sounds like a wonderful match.How I wish I________it like you. A．watch B．have watched C．would watch D．had watched D [考查虚拟语气。从句动词为过去式，表示目前未能实现的愿望。从句动词为过去完 成时，表示过去未能实现的愿望。这是对过去事情的期望。句意：这听起来是一场很棒的比 赛，我多希望我和你一样看了比赛了。故选 D。] 14．It's suggested in the report that government expenses________to increase teachers' salaries in 2017. A．be reduced B．were reduced C．will be reduced D．do reduce A [考查虚拟语气。句意：报告中有人建议 2017 年降低政府开支，提高教师工资。 suggest 表示“建议”时，其名词性从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，此处的 reduce 与 government expenses 之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选 A。] 15．He________better last night，but he was a little nervous and didn't reach his best standard. A．could perform B．must have performed C．should perform D．could have performed 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 D [考查虚拟语气。含蓄条件句，but 表转折，表示与过去事实相反，主句使用“情态 动词＋have done”。must have done 表示对过去的肯定推测，could have done 表示在过 去本来能做某事。句意：他昨晚本来能表演得更好，但他有点紧张，未能发挥他最好的水平。 故选 D。] 16．Most of the big hotels were full at this time of the year，but finally we________find a room in a small guest house near the station. A．ought to B．could C．were able to D．might C [考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：在每年的这个季节大部分旅馆都是满的，但我们 最后还是在车站附近的一个小宾馆里找到了一个房间。该情景展示的是“过去通过努力而做 成了某事”的意思，而 could“能够”，强调能力，没有此意义。ought to“应该”，might “可以”，均不符合句意。故选 C。] 17．—I called you at 9 last night，but no one answered. —Sorry，I________sleeping.I went to bed very early. A．need have been B．would have been C．must have been D．should have been C [根据答语中的“I went to bed very early”可知，此处为肯定推测，用 must 表 示问话人打电话时答话人一定正在睡觉。must have done 表示过去肯定做了某事。故选 C。] 18．________for the free vegetables，women workers would not have gone to the supermarket so often. A．If it is not B．Were it not C．Had it not been D．If they were not C [考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的 would not have gone to 可知，本句话是对过去事 情的虚拟，所以，从句中谓语应用 had done 的形式；同时，在 if 条件句中表示虚拟语气时， 经常将 if 省略，而把从句中的 had，were 或 should 提前。故选 C。] 【导学号：57732038】 19．—Where is Mick？I cannot find him anywhere. —He________have been off long.I heard him make a call in the passage just now. A．shouldn't B．can't C．mustn't D．needn't B [句意：——Mick 在哪里？我到处都找不到他。——他不可能出去很久，刚才我还 听到他在走廊里打电话。用 can't have done 表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。故选 B。] 20．Frequent quarrels between my parents are nearly driving me crazy.If only I________ a warm and harmonious family! 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 A．have B．will have C．had D．had had C [考查虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。句意：父母之间频繁的吵架几乎让我崩溃。要 是我有一个温暖和谐的家庭该多好啊！if only 表示一个强烈的感叹“要是……就好了”， 表示对现在愿望的虚拟，从句常用一般过去时。故选 C。] 21．But for those interruptions，the meeting ______half an hour ago. A．was finished B．would have finished C．would finish D．had been finished B [考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：要不是那些小插曲，这场会议在半小时前就结束了。根 据句意及时间状语 half an hour ago 可知设空处与过去事实相反，故选 B。] 22．The upset mother thought to herself，“If only I________what's going on in my little boy's head right now.” A．had known B．know C．knew D．have known C [考查虚拟语气。if only 表示“要是……就好了”，谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，根 据 right now 可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故谓语动词用一般过去时。故选 C。] 23．If you had listened to me，we________at the party.Move over.I'll drive. A．are B．were C．would be D．would have been C [考查虚拟语气。句意：要是当初你听我的，那么我们现在就在聚会现场了。你挪过 去，我来开车。if 从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，而本空表示与现在的实际情况相反的 假设，说话人此时还在路上，因此选 C 项。] 24．—Well，I missed the early train to Suzhou. —But had you hurried，you________． A．shouldn't B．hadn't had C．wouldn't D．wouldn't have D [考查虚拟语气。句意：——哎呀，我错过了去苏州的早班火车。——可你若抓紧时 间的话，你就不会误车了。had you hurried 等于 if you had hurried，表示对过去的虚拟， 故主句用 would have done 形式，所以选 D。] 25．—Tell me your secret. —I________．It wouldn't be a secret if I told you. A．won't B．needn't C．mightn't D．couldn't A [考查情态动词。句意：——把你的秘密告诉我吧。——我不会告诉你的。如果告诉 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 你了，这就不是秘密了。这里表示说话人的意愿，故用 won't。]