2020届一轮复习人教版必修一unit3traveljournal单元知识点学案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一unit3traveljournal单元知识点学案

基础知识默写(学生用书229～230页)‎ ‎1．journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物 ‎ ‎2．transport n．&vt.运输；运送 ‎3．prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)‎ preference n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 ‎4．disadvantage n．不利条件；不便之处 advantage n．有利条件；优势，长处 ‎5．flow vi.流动；流出n．流动；流量 ‎6．persuade vt.说服；劝说 persuasion n．劝说，说服(力)‎ ‎7．graduate vi.毕业n．大学毕业生 graduation n．毕业 ‎8．finally adv.最后；终于 ‎9．schedule n．时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间 ‎10．shortcoming n．缺点 ‎11．organize vt.组织；成立 organization n．组织 ‎12．determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 determination n．决心；决定；确定 ‎13．journey n．旅行；旅程 ‎14．attitude n．态度；看法 ‎15．view n．风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑 ‎16．cycle vi.骑自行车 ‎17．stubborn adj.顽固的；固执的 ‎18．boil vi.(指液体)沸腾；(水)开 ‎19．forecast n．&vt.预测；预报 ‎20．parcel n．小包；包裹 ‎21．pillow n．枕头；枕垫 ‎22．flame n．火焰；光芒；热情 ‎23．beneath prep.在……下面 ‎24．pace vi.缓慢而行；踱步n．一步；速度；步调 ‎25．bend n．弯；拐角vt.使弯曲vi.弯身；弯腰 ‎26．reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的 rely v．依赖；依靠 ‎27．temple n．庙宇；寺庙 ‎28．eversince自从；自……以后 ‎29．dream about梦想 ‎30．graduate from毕业于 ‎31．be fond of喜爱；喜欢 ‎32．care about关心；在意；忧虑；惦念 ‎33．change one’s mind改变主意 ‎34．make up one’s mind下决心；决定 ‎35．give in投降；屈服；让步 ‎36．as usual照常 ‎37．at midnight在午夜 ‎38．Ever since middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.‎ 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。‎ ‎39．Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。‎ ‎40．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.‎ 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。‎ 基础知识夯实 Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported(运送) to the park.(2017·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎2．The training schedule(进度表)，apart from regular training，includes joining in a variety of ‎ activities，such as participating in some national competitions.(2018·天津)‎ ‎3．Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a walking journey(旅行)．(2018·江苏)‎ ‎4．From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude(态度) of the leader can affect the members of a team.(2018·天津)‎ ‎5．She has many shortcomings(缺点)，but we’re all very fond of her.‎ ‎6．Therefore，dogs tend to leave others with the impression that they have a stubborn(顽固的) personality，but they are indeed loyal to their families and friends.‎ ‎7．The weather forecast(预报) says it will be cloudy with a slight chance of rain later tonight.‎ ‎(2016·天津)‎ ‎8．He was standing on the bridge looking at the river beneath(在下面)．‎ ‎9．Take away the pan quickly；the milk is boiling(沸腾) over.‎ ‎10．She was a brave and determined(determine) girl with rich imagination.(2018·天津)‎ ‎11．Finally(final) on a dark night she made good her escape.‎ ‎12．The organization(organize) of such a largescale party takes a lot of time and energy.‎ ‎13．That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help. In short，he’s reliable(rely)．(2016·浙江)‎ ‎14．His lack of education was a disadvantage(advantage) when he looked for a job.‎ ‎15．Several days later，when the video was played on the graduation(graduate) ceremony，it was well received.(2017·北京)‎ Ⅱ.选词成篇 When I 1.graduated from college，I2.made up my mind to make a journey to Tibet. 3.Ever since I was a child，I have 4.dreamed of organizing a trip to Tibet. I tried to persuade my mother to travel with me. Finally，she 5.gave in to me and agreed to my plan.‎ The Browns，who 6.are fond of travelling，had planned to travel 7.as usual for their summer holidays. However，this time they 8.changed their minds and decided to do voluntary work to help the people in need. Often they came home 9.at midnight and didn’t 10.care about how hot the weather was.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．They were introduced to the Japanese fruit market in 2008 and their price has been going up sharply ever since.(ever since)‎ 他们于2008被引进到日本水果市场，此后价格急剧上涨。‎ ‎2．He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.(insist)‎ 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。‎ ‎3．In summer，fresh air is comfortable to breathe and natural scenery is pleasant to enjoy.(be＋adj.＋to do)(2016·四川)‎ 在夏季，人们可以神清气爽地呼吸新鲜空气，愉悦地享受自然风光。‎ ‎4．Language is part of our daily lives，no matter where we live in the world.(no matter＋疑问词)‎ 无论我们生活在什么地方，语言都是我们日常生活的一部分。‎ ‎1．fore前缀表“预见的；前部的”‎ ‎(1)forecast n．&v．预测；预报 ‎(2)foresee v．预见；预知 ‎(3)foretell v．预言；预测 ‎(4)forehead n．前额 ‎(5)foreword n．前言；序 ‎(6)foresight n．先见之明；远见 ‎2．“态度”单词聚焦 ‎(1)negative消极的；否定的→positive积极的；肯定的 ‎(2)optimistic乐观的→pessimistic悲观的 ‎(3)mild温和的→tough强硬的 ‎(4)partial偏袒的→neutral中立的 ‎(5)sympathetic同情的→indifferent漠不关心的 ‎3．“缺点”汇总 ‎(1)weakness n．弱点；缺点 ‎(2)shortcoming n．短处；缺点 ‎(3)disadvantage n．劣势；缺点 ‎(4)defect n．缺陷；缺点 ‎4．“喜欢”一族 ‎(1)be fond of喜欢 ‎(2)be crazy about对……着迷 ‎(3)be addicted to对……上瘾 ‎(4)be keen on喜爱 ‎(5)have a fancy/preference for喜欢 ‎(1)prefer doing/to do...更喜欢做……‎ prefer sb.to do...更喜欢让某人做……‎ prefer sth./doing...to sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……‎ prefer to do...rather than do...宁可做……也不做……‎ ‎(2)preference n．偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 have a preference for...偏爱……‎ ‎(1)Rather than talk(talk) with his mother，he prefers to be(be) always on the phone，sleep，stay in his room or go out with his friends.‎ ‎(2)Unlike fastfood places，fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend.‎ ‎(2018·江苏)‎ ‎(3)A teacher should not have a preference for anyone of his pupils.‎ ‎(4)[一句多译]　她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。‎ ‎①She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer...to...)‎ ‎②She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer...rather than...)‎ ‎③She would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather...than...)‎ ‎④She would go with us rather than stay behind.(would...rather than...)‎ ‎(1)persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事 persuade sb.ofsth./that...使某人相信……‎ ‎(2)persuasion n．劝说，说服(力)‎ ‎(1)It was hard to persuade him to give up/intogivingup/out of smoking.说服他戒烟很难。‎ ‎(2)[同义句改写]　He tried to persuade me to accept his idea，but in vain.‎ ‎→He advised me to accept his idea，but in vain.‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句子中persuade的汉语意思 ‎(3)How can I persuade you that I am sincere？ A A．使相信 B．说服 C．劝说 ‎[联想发散]　表示“试图说服某人做某事(不一定说服)”的表达形式：try to persuade sb. to do sth.；advise sb.to do sth.。‎ ‎(1)determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)‎ determine on/upon决定 ‎(2)determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的 be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)‎ ‎(3)determination n．决心；坚定；果断 with determination坚决地；果断地 ‎(1)Determined(determine) to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”．(2018·北京)‎ ‎[同义句改写]‎ ‎(2)I have determined to spend(spend) my holiday at home.‎ ‎→I have determined on/upon spending my holiday at home.‎ ‎[句式升级]‎ ‎(3)Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.(用形容词短语作状语改写)‎ Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to another dance.‎ View n．看法；观点；视野；风景 v．把……看作；观看；注视；考虑 ‎(1)in view of鉴于；由于；考虑到 in one’s view在某人看来 come into view进入视野；看得见 have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览 ‎(2)view...as...把……看作……‎ ‎(3)viewer n．观看者；观众 ‎(1)Viewed(view) from a distance，the island looked like a cloud.‎ ‎(2)We decided，in view of his special circumstances(鉴于他的特殊情况)，that we would admit him for a probationary period(试用期)．‎ ‎(3)In my view/opinion(依我看来)，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.‎ care for喜欢；照顾 take care当心 take care of照料；处理 with care小心地 ‎(1)She thinks only of herself；she doesn’t care about other people.‎ 她只顾自己，不顾别人。‎ ‎(2)As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.(2016·天津)‎ 随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。‎ ‎(3)[同义句改写]　Whatever you do，you must do it carefully.‎ ‎→Whatever you do，you must do it with care.‎ 易错点拨　care about意为“介意；在乎”；care for意为“喜欢；照顾”，两者意义不同，不要混淆。‎ make up one’s mind下定决心；决定 read one’s mind看出某人的心思 fix/keep one’s mind on...把注意力放在……上 bear/keep sth. in mind记住某事 never mind没关系；不要紧 ‎(1)The determined look in their eyes told us that nothing could make them change their minds.‎ 他们坚定的眼神告诉我们没有任何东西能使他们改变主意。‎ ‎(2)Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to make up his mind to be a painter.(2017·浙江)‎ 威廉姆斯的两本书帮助本杰明下定决心成为一名画家。‎ ‎(3)On the Internet，we could quickly and easily locate the details，and check facts，without keeping/bearing them in mind.(2016·江苏)‎ 在互联网上，我们可以快速方便地找到详细资料，核对事实，而不必记住它们。‎ 易错点拨　change one’s mind和make up one’s mind中mind随one’s的单复数变化而变化。‎ give sth. in (to sb.)呈上；交上 give away泄露；赠送 give out分发；用完；耗尽；发出(热、光等) give off发出(气味、热等) give up放弃 give back归还 ‎(1)Only a coward(胆小鬼) gives in to his fate.‎ ‎(2)At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in(让步) as she was so confident about her skills.(2018·天津)‎ ‎(3)Body language can give away(泄露) a lot about your mood，so standing you’re your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.‎ ‎(4)We had just reached home when the petrol gave out(用完)．‎ Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。‎ ‎(1)insist作“坚持要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句谓语动词用(should＋) do；作“坚持说；坚持认为”解时，其后的从句用陈述语气。‎ ‎(2)insist on/upon (doing) sth.坚持要求(做)某事 ‎(1)The doctor insisted that she was(be) seriously ill and that she (should)be operated (operate) on immediately.‎ ‎(2)[同义句改写]　He insisted that I should go with him.‎ ‎→He insisted on me/my going with him.‎ 易错点拨　insist既不接不定式，也不接动名词，遇此情况要用insist on。insist后也不接不定式的复合结构。‎ When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸会很困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。‎ 动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况：‎ ‎(1)主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式，常用于本句型的形容词包括：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible，strange 等。在这种句型中，不定式与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，如果动词是不及物动词时，应该在不及物动词后加上适当的介词。‎ ‎(2)have/give/show/get sth. to do句型中的不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。‎ ‎(3)在“疑问词＋to do”中，不定式常用主动式。‎ ‎(4)be to blame/let短语中，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。‎ ‎(1)The sentence is not easy to understand(understand)．‎ ‎(2)Her coworker was sick so she had a lot of work to do (do) today.‎ ‎(3)The problem that confused him was which to choose(choose)．‎ ‎(4)His admission that he was to blame(blame) kept the others from being punished.‎ ‎(5)In my opinion，a man who is hard to please must be difficult to work with(很难共事)．‎