2020届译林版高中英语复习必修1学案：Unit2Growingpains

2020届译林版高中英语复习必修1学案：Unit2Growingpains

Unit 2 Growing pains 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．act n．　　　　　　　　(戏剧的)一幕 ‎2．curtain n. 窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布 ‎3．soccer n. 〈美〉英式足球，足球 ‎4．garbage n. 〈美〉(生活)垃圾 ‎5．fault n. 过错，错误 ‎6．anyhow adv. 反正；尽管如此 ‎7．sigh vi. 叹气 ‎8．cafe n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆 ‎9．distant adj. 不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的 ‎10．adolescence n. 青春期 ‎11．adult n. 成年人 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．bend vi. 弯腰，屈身 vt. (使)弯曲 ‎2．balance vt.& vi.& n. 平衡；抵消 ‎3．scene n. (戏剧的)一场；场面；景色 ‎ ‎4．upset adj. 不高兴的，失望的 vt. 使不高兴，使失望 ‎5.deserve vt.　　　　　　值得；应得；应受 ‎6．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 ‎7．last vi. 持久 vt. 持续，维持(一段时间)‎ ‎8．handle vt. 处理；应付 ‎9．insist vi. 坚持，坚持认为 ‎10．teenager n. (13－19岁的)青少年 ‎11．patience n. 耐心 ‎12．selfish adj. 自私的 ‎13．forbid vt. 禁止 ‎14．misunderstand vt. 误解 ‎15．normal n．& adj. 正常(的)，一般(的)‎ ‎16．physical adj. 身体的；物质的 ‎17．tend vi. 往往；趋向 vt. 照看 ‎18．challenge n. & vt. 挑战 ‎19．worried adj. 担心的，担忧的 ‎20．annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓，使害怕 ‎2．starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿→starvation n．饿死→starving adj.挨饿的 ‎3．tolerate vt.容忍；允许→tolerance n．容忍；允许→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的 ‎4．behavior n．行为，举止→behave v ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.(frighten)‎ ‎2．The confusing problem really confuses the confused boy, who is always confused about such things.(confuse)‎ ‎3．David defended his idea that each of us should refuse to buy foreign products in defence of our national industry.(defend) ‎ ‎．表现；检点 ‎5．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护→defence/defense n．防御；答辩；防护→defensive adj.防卫的，防御的；辩护的 ‎6．argument n．争吵，辩论；论点，论据→argue vt.争吵，争论；论证，争辩 ‎7．harm vt. & n．伤害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 ‎8．confused adj.困惑的，不解的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑，把……弄糊涂；混淆→confusion n．困惑，糊涂；混淆 ‎9．limit n．限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的 ‎10. rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地→rudeness n．粗鲁 ‎11．explanation n．解释，说明→explain vt.& vi.讲解，解释 ‎4．I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and, what's more, no one will be tolerant of that.(tolerate)‎ ‎5．While the experts agree that this kind of food is harmless, it will be harmful to the teenagers if they eat it too much frequently.(harm)‎ ‎6．The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behavior in front of others.(behave)‎ ‎7．The little boy often speaks to his classmates rudely, and because of his rudeness, nobody here likes him.(rude)‎ ‎8．He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.(argue)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.turn up　　　　　　　调高(音量)；出现 ‎2．can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 ‎3．be supposed to 应该……，应当……‎ ‎4．be hard on 对……苛刻，对……严厉 ‎5．now that 既然；由于 ‎ ‎6．stay up 不睡觉，熬夜 ‎7．mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和 ‎8．as if 好像，似乎 ‎9．insist on 坚持，坚持认为 ‎10．at present 现在；目前 ‎11．along with 与……一起 ‎1.The worker is happy with the fact that he can depend on the Internet to finish tasks without any difficulty.‎ ‎2．“Are you going to have a holiday this year？” “I'd love to.I can't wait to leave this place behind.”‎ ‎3．And do we really still need libraries now that we've got the Internet in our hands?‎ ‎4．The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity.‎ ‎5．Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.‎ ‎6．It is typical of students to stay up reading till late night before the final exam.‎ ‎7．Her father has always been hard on her, so she is never late for school.‎ ‎12．go through 经历；仔细检查或寻找 ‎13．keep up with 赶上，跟上 ‎14．in a mess 杂乱无章，一团糟 ‎15．depend on 依赖，依靠 ‎16．take in 吸收；欺骗 ‎8．If you mix up two things or people, you confuse them, so that you think that one of them is the other one.‎ ‎9．You are sure to achieve your dreams if you insist on them and try your best.‎ ‎10．From time to time, Jason turned round as if he was searching for someone.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.‎ 房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽里是脏兮兮的盘子。‎ with的复合结构常在句中作状语或定语。‎ ‎(2017·北京高考满分作文)泰山长期以来都是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，有许多中国传奇故事。‎ Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it.‎ ‎2.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.‎ 丹尼尔双臂交叉抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。‎ ‎“have/get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。‎ 为了环保，我们不妨将这些废品进行回收利用。‎ For environmental reasons, we'd better have these wastes recycled.‎ ‎3.Sometimes he acts as if he doesn't love us at all.‎ 有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。‎ as if“似乎，好像”引导方式状语从句或表语从句。‎ 你会感觉到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。‎ You'll feel as if you were at home while here.‎ ‎4.Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.‎ 还有，每次我看DVD，他要么催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。‎ every time引导时间状语从句。‎ 每当我看到这张照片时，我总想起在大学的美好时光。‎ Every time I see the photo, I always think of the wonderful time in university.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．tolerate vt.容忍；允许 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空/完成句子 ‎①An excellent teacher won't tolerate/stand/bear cheating (cheat) in the examinations.‎ ‎②The pain was severe but it's tolerable (tolerate)．‎ ‎③Tolerance (tolerate) consists in respecting the opinions of others. ‎ ‎④As a good leader, she was always tolerant of/towards different views.‎ ‎⑤She won't tolerate/bear/stand her son making the same mistakes in the physics test next time.‎ 她不会容忍她儿子下次在物理考试中犯同样的错误。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1) ‎ ‎(2)tolerance n. 容忍；允许 tolerable adj. 可忍受的 tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 be tolerant of/towards 对……宽容 ‎(3)put up with (＝tolerate) 忍受，容忍 ‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The stubborn manager won't tolerate anyone question his decisions.question→questioning 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗。‎ Chinese parents won't tolerate their children knocking bowls with chopsticks when having dinner.‎ ‎2．scene n．(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中scene的含义 ‎①The doctor was on the scene very quickly after the accident.现场 ‎②Seeing the terrible scene, all of us were frightened.场面 ‎③The photos taken by Hurley showed some undersea scenes.景色 ‎④They played it so well, with tears in their eyes, that the scene seemed real. (戏剧的)一场 完成小语境 ‎⑤The director, who had been behind the scenes, announced on the scene at the awards party that the best actress of the film was about to come on the scene.‎ 一直在幕后指挥的导演在颁奖晚会现场宣布，这部影片的最佳女主角即将登场。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ on the scene　　　　　　　 在现场 behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后；暗中 come on the scene 登场 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The scary scene the car accident happened made him scared to death.scene后加where或in which 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2017·北京高考书面表达)泰山之旅将会带给你一些最令人兴奋的场景，比如看日出。‎ The Mount Tai Tour will bring you some of the most exciting scenes such as watching the sunrise.‎ ‎[名师指津]　scene作“场面；场景；现场”讲，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，一般用副词where或in which来引导。‎ ‎3．upset (upset，upset) adj.不高兴的，失望的，心烦的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打翻 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中upset的词性和含义 ‎①Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet.adj.心烦的 ‎②The new comer's rudeness upsets everyone at present.vt.使心烦意乱，使不高兴 单句语法填空 ‎③She was upset to know (know) that her application for the position was refused.‎ ‎④In my opinion, there is no point being upset about/at/over it.‎ ‎⑤It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心/难过 be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安/难过 be upset that ... ……让人不安 ‎(2)It upsets sb.to do sth./that ... 让某人心烦的是……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥He stood up suddenly, upsetting a cup of coffee on my shirt.弄翻，打翻 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2016·天津高考书面表达)虽然和你说再见我很难过，但我真诚地希望你能在不久的将来再次访问我们的学校。‎ Though I feel upset to say goodbye to you, I sincerely hope that you will be able to visit our school again in the near future.‎ ‎4．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①When the dog attacked me, I defended myself (I) with a stick.‎ ‎②My tutor told me the defence (defend) for my article must be handed in in seven days.‎ ‎③Some people think that students should be trained to defend themselves against/from some attacks.‎ ‎④All the people were fighting against the earthquake in defence of their own homes.‎ ‎⑤The prisoner looked at his wife and sat silent, offering nothing in his own defence.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)defend ... from/against ... 保护……使不受……，为……辩护 defend oneself 自卫 ‎(2)defence/defense n. 防御；防护；答辩 in defence (of ...) (为……)辩护；防卫 in sb.'s/sth.'s defence 为某人/某事辩护；‎ ‎ 在某人/某物的防备下 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥Torrence expects to defend her title successfully in the hockey game in the next Olympics.卫冕 佳句时时写 ‎(2015·江苏高考书面表达)应该训练孩子保护自己免遭某些交通事故的侵害。‎ ‎⑦Children should be trained to defend themselves against some traffic accidents.(defend)‎ ‎⑧Children should be trained in defence of some traffic accidents.(defence)‎ ‎5．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 完成句子 ‎①You are a good human being and you deserve to be treated/treating as such.‎ 你是一个好人，你应该受到这样的对待。‎ ‎②It's true that she made a mistake but she doesn't deserve to lose her job.‎ 她的确犯了错，但她不应该失去工作。‎ ‎③With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention/paying attention to.‎ 随着许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得关注。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ deserve to do sth.　　　　　　 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve doing/to be done (某事)值得被做，应该被做 deserve consideration/attention　 值得考虑/注意 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④With more and more cars passing the school gate, the present safety situation deserves to pay attention to.to pay→paying 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。‎ I think any good suggestion deserves consideration/considering/to be considered.‎ ‎[名师指津]　“deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need, want, require, demand (需要)。‎ ‎6．insist vi.坚持，坚持认为；坚决要求 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 完成句子 ‎①The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.‎ 唯一奇怪的是，如此多的国家坚持对这一消息置若罔闻。‎ ‎②He insisted that he hadn't stolen the money.‎ 他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。‎ ‎③He also insisted that they (should) leave enough space for children.‎ 他还坚决要求他们应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。‎ ‎　‎ ‎[系统归纳]‎ insist on/upon (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事 insist that ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The boy insisted that he be innocent and he provided a witness for the judges.be→was 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2017·天津高考书面表达)老师坚持主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。‎ The teacher insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of to do the work well.‎ ‎[名师指津]　后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有：一坚持(insist)，二命令(order, command)，三建议(advise, suggest, propose)，四要求(demand, require, request, ask)。‎ ‎7．harm vt.& n．伤害 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Unrealistic topdown environmental policies can only do harm to the environment.‎ ‎②Foods are properly cooked when they are heated to kill the harmful (harm) bacteria that cause foodborne illnesses.‎ ‎③There's no great harm in drinking a little beer to relieve tiredness after hard work. ‎ ‎④You needn't worry and this experiment was harmless (harm) to the animals. ‎ 句型转换 ‎ Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to harm her mother.‎ ‎⑤Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do her mother harm.‎ ‎⑥Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do harm to her mother.‎ ‎⑦Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to be harmful to her mother.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)　　　　　　对……有害 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 ‎(2)harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑧As is known to all, smoking is harmful for smokers and nonsmokers.for→to 佳句时时写 ‎⑨(2013·安徽高考书面表达)这些日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。‎ These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.‎ ‎8．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止，不准 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks will be forbidden (forbid) to broadcast live sporting events.‎ ‎②I think the middle school students should be forbidden to use (use) smartphones at school.‎ ‎③I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopping bags.‎ ‎④It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.‎ 句型转换 ‎⑤For his study, his father forbade him/his chatting with WeChat.‎ ‎→For his study, his father forbade him to chat/from chatting with WeChat.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ forbid doing sth.　　　　　　 禁止做某事 forbid sb.to do sth.＝forbid sb.from doing sth.‎ ‎ 禁止某人做某事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥Something must be done to forbid return illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.return→returning 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)看短片期间，所有人都禁止大声说话，应仔细观看。‎ During the film, all of you are forbidden to talk loudly, but should watch it carefully.‎ ‎[名师指津]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb.to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。‎ ‎9．tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you are not careful, children tend to neglect (neglect) their homework.‎ ‎②(2017·浙江高考)Last October, while tending (tend) her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots and was about to throw them away.‎ ‎③The prices of vegetables are reported to have a tendency (tend) to increase in some cities.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)tend to do sth.　　　　　　　 易于/往往会做某事 tend sb./sth. 照看某人/某物 ‎(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎④In their culture, girls are brought up to tend to the needs of others.关心；注意 佳句时时写 ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你不提前简单了解唐朝的历史，你往往会发现很难学会唐诗。‎ ‎⑤If you do not understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, you will tend to find it difficult to learn Tang poetry.(tend)‎ ‎⑥If you do not understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, you will have a tendency to find it difficult to learn Tang poetry.(tendency)‎ ‎10．limit n．[C]限制；极限；界限vt.限制 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 介词填空 ‎①To save the expense, the number of daily guests is limited to less than 100.‎ ‎②We must set a limit to the expense of the trip.‎ ‎③In order to earn my living, I have always had to work beyond the limit of my strength.‎ 完成小语境 ‎④A man's life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.‎ 一个人的生命是有限的，但是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务中去。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　　 把……限制在……内 be limited to ... 受限制于……‎ ‎(2)beyond the limit 超过限度 set a limit to 限制……‎ ‎(3)limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤The big boss plans to turn the club into a limited company.(公司)有限责任的 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。‎ The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.‎ ‎11．balance vt.& vi.& n．平衡；抵消 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The little girl struggled to keep her balance on the balance beam.‎ ‎②You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.‎ ‎③You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The fisherman lost his balance and pitched into the sea.‎ 渔夫失去了平衡，一头栽进海里。‎ ‎⑤If we want to keep the balance of nature, the most important thing is to balance the development of economy with the protection of environment.‎ 如果我们想保持自然平衡，最重要的事情是平衡经济发展与环境保护。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)keep/lose/break one's balance 　 保持/失去/打破平衡 ‎(2)balance ... against ... 权衡……与……‎ balance ...with ... 平衡……与……‎ ‎(3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡 ‎[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car.余额；余款 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)做运动能够平衡我们的身体，改善身体的灵活性。‎ Doing exercise can balance our body and improve our physical flexibility.‎ ‎1．be supposed to应该……，应当……‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Students are supposed (suppose) to obey the rules at school. ‎ ‎②You are late again.You are supposed to have arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.‎ 完成句子/一句多译 ‎③假如你的车子在路上抛锚，那你怎么办？‎ Supposing/Suppose/Assuming/Providing/Provided/Given (that) your car breaks down on the road, what would you do then?‎ 你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。‎ ‎④You were supposed to have handed in your homework yesterday.(be supposed to)‎ ‎⑤You should have handed in your homework yesterday.(should)‎ ‎⑥You ought to have handed in your homework yesterday.(ought to)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)be supposed to do ...　　 应该做某事 be supposed to have done ＝ should have done ‎＝ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做)‎ be supposed to be ... 被认为是……‎ ‎(2)suppose/supposing (that) 假定/假如……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑦Supposed that you've made some progress, you should not be proud.‎ Supposed→Suppose/Supposing 佳句时时写 ‎⑧(2013·天津高考书面表达)我多次参加过类似的活动。因此，我应该能胜任这个职位。‎ I have participated in similar activities several times.Consequently, I am supposed to be qualified for the position.‎ ‎2．along with与……一起；除了……以外(还)‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 根据语境写出短语along with的汉语意思 ‎①A few daring survived, though, along with a few stayinthecave types.As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.与……一起 ‎②Along with studying at school, students should participate in more outofschool activities.除了……以外(还)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎③People's wellbeing rises along with income levels up to an annual salary of about $75,000, studies have found.‎ ‎④Professor Smith, as well as his assistants, is (be) working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.‎ ‎⑤Professor Smith and his assistants, are (be) working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.‎ ‎⑥Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded (regard) as one of the best allround forms of exercise.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)along with, together with, with, as well as 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎(2)and连接两个主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(and/along with)‎ ‎⑦I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month.‎ ‎⑧The teacher and the students in our school are friendly.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑨(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)李白与其他著名诗人一起，在唐代创作了许多杰出的作品。‎ Li Bai, along with other famous poets, created lots of extraordinary works in Tang Dynasty.‎ ‎3．have sth. done结构 ‎　[教材原句]　Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①I don't like to wash clothes, so I always have my clothes washed.‎ 我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗衣服。‎ ‎②Once he makes up his mind, nothing can have him change/get him to change it.‎ 一旦他下定决心，就没有什么能让他改变。‎ ‎③The boss had the workers working day and night.‎ 老板让工人们夜以继日地干活。‎ ‎④He could not have her getting away with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让她哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)have sth.done结构表示让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做，相当于get sth.done。‎ ‎(2)have sb.do sth.＝ get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事。‎ ‎(3)have sb./sth.doing使某人/某物持续地做某事。‎ ‎(4)can't/won't have sb.doing sth.不能容忍/允许某人做某事。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)have sth.done还可表示主语遭遇到某种不幸/蒙受损失；‎ ‎(2)have sth.to do表示“有某事要做”， 此处不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考满分作文)As for Chinese culture, Peking University will have you achieve more in your field.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)I'm writing to ask you to have my resume revised.‎ ‎4．as if 引导方式状语从句 ‎　[教材原句]　Sometimes he acts as if he doesn't love us at all.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①It seems as if/though the noise comes from downstairs.‎ 噪音似乎是从楼下传来的。‎ ‎②She works hard as if she never knew fatigue.‎ 她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。‎ ‎③Local residents said it was as if there had been a nuclear explosion.‎ 当地居民说就好像发生了核爆炸一样。‎ ‎　‎ ‎[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)as if (＝as though)引导表语从句或方式状语从句。‎ ‎(2)as if/though后既可跟陈述语气，又可跟虚拟语气。虚拟语气有三种形式：did (现在), had done (过去), would/might/could＋do (将来)。‎ 注意事项 如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样就出现“as if＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)(2018·北京高考满分作文)It seems as if you are really enthusiastic about Chinese culture.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)We will treat the old people there as if they were our own relatives.‎ ‎5．every time引导时间状语从句 ‎　[教材原句]　Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①You are welcome to come back any time you want to.‎ 你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。‎ ‎②The moment/minute/instant/second Lang stepped into the stadium, nobody could stay seated.‎ 郎(平)一踏进体育场，所有的人都站了起来。‎ ‎③The day I left here, they all came to see me off.‎ 我离开这里的那一天，他们都来给我送行。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ every time引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：‎ ‎(1))由time构成的名词词组：each time， the first/last time， next time， any time等。‎ ‎(2))the＋瞬间名词：the minute， the instant， the second， the moment等。‎ ‎(3))the＋时间名词：the day/week/year， the spring/summer/autumn/winter等。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme every time you visited our school.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2016·浙江高考写作佳句)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．I underwent lots of skin operations and for weeks I wasn't able to bend (使弯曲) my legs, which had to be wrapped in bandages.‎ ‎2．After all the sacrifices she's made, she deserves (应受到) all the special arrangements and special occasions and celebrations.‎ ‎3．We are all consumers of time, and most of us also tend (倾向于) to be time wasters.‎ ‎4．The wrong choice of club might limit (限制) your chances of success.‎ ‎5．Suspecting there was something unusual about the murder, the policeman returned to the scene (现场) in search of more evidence.‎ ‎6．He means no harm (伤害) by saying what he thinks, but people tend to be upset by it.‎ ‎7．The patient was asked to ring the bell in an emergency (紧急情况)．‎ ‎8．If you can't handle (处理) the job, I will get someone else to do it.‎ ‎9．Nowadays, the balance (平衡) of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer.‎ ‎10．No one can tolerate (容忍) all that noise while working.‎ ‎11．Forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical (身体的) and mental health.‎ ‎12．The driver was at a loss when hearing he was forbidden (禁止) to drive for speeding.‎ ‎13．Whenever I'm upset (难过的), she always has a good idea to cheer me up.‎ ‎14．I would, she insisted (坚持认为), need an extrathick sleeping bag when I sleep outside.‎ ‎15．No one had seen their son for hours, and the young couple were worried (担心的)．‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．If you insist on doing something, do it every day and you can make it.‎ ‎2．I think the explanation (explain) about the problem isn't convincing, so it needs improving.‎ ‎3．Teenagers go to sleep late because they tend to do (do) things that excite them.‎ ‎4．The boy couldn't tolerate other people's making (make) noise in the room, so he went out.‎ ‎5．Much to my surprise, she behaved as if nothing had happened (happen)．‎ ‎6．What is known to us is that drinking too much does harm to our health.‎ ‎7．They rushed to the scene, where a traffic accident had happened.‎ ‎8．Worried (worry) about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.‎ ‎9．The boy often stays up playing computer games in the net bar.‎ ‎10．After a restless night in the tent, I couldn't wait to get (get) outside into the early morning light.‎ ‎11．Now that you want to improve your oral English, do you speak English every day?‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．We are living in the time of garbages, but German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (废物) to make sculptures.garbages→garbage ‎2．His children's books are classics that deserve know by more people.know→knowing ‎3．It's harmful for your health to drink too much.for→to ‎4．My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continued my education.continued→continue ‎5．I believe teaching should not be limited on the classroom.on→to ‎6．Physically activity is health behavior with important consequences for daily wellbeing.Physically→Physical ‎7．It is silly of me to be annoying with Jim because he is only a fiveyearold child.annoying→annoyed ‎8．They need more troops to defend the border on possible attack.on→against/from Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Every time he comes to visit me, he will buy me some tea.‎ 每次他来拜访我，都会给我买一些茶叶。‎ ‎2．With my tenth birthday approaching, I couldn't help imagining what kind of present my parents would give me.‎ 随着我的十岁生日来临，我会忍不住想像我的父母会给我什么样的礼物。‎ ‎3．He had the letter typed this morning and posted it at once.‎ 他今天早晨把信打完了，并马上寄了出去。‎ ‎4．They treat me as if/though I were a stranger.‎ 他们待我如陌生人。‎ ‎5．It's common sense that everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car.‎ 每个人在车里都应该系安全带，这是常识。‎ ‎6．The school insisted that a good school (should) have strict rules and regulations.‎ 校方坚持主张一所好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。‎ ‎7．Personally, I think store shopping will exist along with online shopping and will never be replaced.‎ 依我看，今后商场购物会和网上购物并存，而且永远不会被取代。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“成长的烦恼”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——成长的烦恼 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①problem　　　　②scold　　　③worry　　　④hate ‎⑤dislike ⑥anxious ⑦terrifying ⑧talent ‎⑨excitement ⑩positive ⑪negative ⑫suffering ‎⑬disappointment ⑭character ⑮express ⑯sorrow ‎⑰fearful ⑱meaningful ⑲ashamed ⑳bored terrified blame ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①alarmed adj.　　　　　 　 担心的，害怕的 ‎②complain vi. 抱怨，发牢骚 ‎③pressure n. 压力 ‎④desperate adj. 绝望的；极度渴望的 ‎⑤annoyance n. 烦恼 ‎⑥sensitivity n. 敏感；感受 ‎⑦evidence n. 证据 ‎⑧confer v. 商议 ‎⑨intense adj. 紧张的；强烈的 ‎⑩empathy n. 同感，共鸣 ‎⑪creative adj. 创造性的，创新的 ‎⑫vivid adj. 生动的；清晰的；鲜艳的 ‎⑬distressing adj. 使人苦恼的 ‎⑭blue adj. 悲伤的；沮丧的 ‎⑮down adj. 心情低落的 ‎⑯depressed adj. 压抑的，情绪低落的 ‎⑰friction n. 摩擦 ‎⑱prejudice n. 偏见，成见 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①adult identity 成人身份 ‎②get stressed 有压力的 ‎③be in low spirits 情绪低落 ‎④burst into tears 突然哭起来 ‎⑤control one's temper 控制脾气 ‎⑥for fear of 因害怕……‎ ‎⑦have a bad time 过得不开心 ‎⑧be ashamed of oneself 为自己感到惭愧 ‎⑨be unable to do sth. 不能做某事 ‎⑩share ...with ... 与……分享……‎ ‎⑪have a preference for 偏爱……‎ ‎⑫look down upon 看不起，轻视 ‎⑬adjust your emotion 调整情绪 ‎⑭be/grow tired of 厌烦于 ‎⑮be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 ‎⑯at adolescence 在青春期 ‎⑰grow up 长大 ‎⑱be proud of 以……为自豪 ‎ (四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①Most people are not afraid to admit that they have depression, but most do not tell it to others, because they fear that they will be treated unfairly.‎ ‎②The fact was that I was found to have ADHD. Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.‎ ‎③There is no denying that the losers work as hard as the winners before competition, so I believe both of them deserve our respect.‎ ‎④Not only will you learn from our classmates, but also from our family!‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 ‎(2014·安徽高考)为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEARTTOHEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。‎ 内容要点如下：‎ ‎1．表示理解并给予安慰；‎ ‎2．提出建议并说明理由。‎ 注意：1.词数120左右；‎ ‎2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；‎ ‎3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：temper n. 脾气，情绪 Hi Worried，‎ I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment.　 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　Yours，‎ Jamie ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 experience, period, control one's temper, regret, feel, let out, hurt, go outdoors, get rid of, remain, optimistic, positive, attitude, lift, spirit　　‎ ‎1．大多数人都会经历这种阶段，所以你没必要如此担心。‎ Most people will experience such kind of period, so you don't have to worry so much.‎ ‎2．重要的是学会控制你的脾气。‎ The important thing is to learn to control your temper.‎ ‎3．你就不会做或说让自己后悔的事。‎ You may not do or say anything you'll regret.‎ ‎4．和别人谈谈你的感受。‎ Talk to someone about how you feel.‎ ‎5．这是发泄愤怒的一种好的方式。‎ This is a great way of letting your anger out.‎ ‎6．它不会伤害到别人或你自己。‎ It doesn't hurt others or yourself.‎ ‎7．到户外去和朋友一起做做团队游戏是驱逐愤怒的一种方式。‎ Going outdoors and playing team games with your friends is a way to get rid of anger.‎ ‎8．对你的未来保持乐观。‎ Remain optimistic about your future.‎ ‎9．这种积极的生活态度有助于振奋你的精神。‎ Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎10．在句1中添加定语从句“事情好像变得糟糕起来”修饰period。‎ Most people will experience such kind of period when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much.‎ ‎11．在句4中加入定语从句“你信任的”修饰someone。‎ Talk to someone you trust about how you feel.‎ ‎12．在句7中加入修饰语“作为身体锻炼”“有效的”。‎ Going outdoors and playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.‎ ‎13．加入结尾句“希望你很快能平静下来，继续像往常一样”。‎ I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎14．用The truth作主语，将句10升级为含表语从句的复合句。‎ The truth is that most people will experience such kind of period when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much.‎ ‎15．将句2、3用so that合并。‎ The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret.‎ ‎16．将句5、6用without合并。‎ This is a great way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 Hi Worried，‎ I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment.The truth is that most ‎ people will experience such kind of period when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much.The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret.Here are useful tips.‎ First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel.This is a great way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.Second, going outdoors and playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.And third, remain optimistic about your future.Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.‎ I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.‎ Yours, ‎ Jamie Ⅰ.根据提示填空 At this moment, we are going through the “growing pains”， and some of us feel really ❶confused (confuse) and frustrated about our high school life.In my opinion, we have to be ❷positive (积极的) and try to make ourselves feel better.‎ Firstly, we should not be ashamed of our figure.We are in the process of ❸growing_up (成长), so it is ❹normal (正常的) for us to experience some body changes.What really matters is that we should keep a ❺balanced (balance) diet.Besides, the reason why we often ❻have_arguments_with (与……争执) our parents or our friends is that we are becoming more and more mature, so we gradually ❼tend_to (倾向于) believe in ourselves.To solve this, I think we should talk to family, friends and teachers more. ❽Communication (communicate) is an important way to express our feelings to others, and then they can understand us better and help us.‎ Growing up isn't a bad thing actually.It is a natural part of our life, and everyone needs to experience it.In the other way, all of the ❾experiences (experience) will be the best memories in our life, even growing pains.Nothing can stop our footsteps of growing up.Believe_in (相信) ourselves, and that will make everything easy; try our best, and that will make everything successful!‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 make decisions， protection， identity， arguments， respect， grow into， grow up， go through， express your opinions， communicate with， adjust to As a kid, you didn't have a say in everything; your parents ❶made_decisions about everything from the cereal you ate in the morning to the pajamas you wore at night.And it's a good thing, too — kids need this kind of ❷protection on their own.‎ But finally, kids ❸grow_up and become teens.And part of being a teen is developing your ‎ own ❹identity — one that is separate from your parents'.But as you change and ❺grow_into this new person who makes his own decisions, your parents have a difficult time adjusting (调整)．‎ In many families, it is this adjustment that can cause a lot of fighting between teens and parents.And issues like the type of friends you have or your attitudes to partying can cause bigger ❻arguments,_because your parents still always want to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are.‎ The good news about fighting with your parents get more comfortable with the idea that their teens have a right to certain opinions.It can take several years for parents and teens to ❼adjust_to their new roles, though.In the meantime, focus on ❽communicating_with your parents.‎ Sometimes this can feel impossible — like they just don't see your point of view and never will.But talking and ❾expressing_your_opinions can help you gain more respect from your parents.‎ Keep in mind, too, that your parents were teens once and that in most cases, they can relate to what you're going_through.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·天津高考)—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?‎ ‎ —Don't worry (worried)．She will be here in about twenty minutes.‎ ‎2．(2018·江苏高考)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting (act) on the assumption you've made.‎ ‎3．(2017·江苏高考)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But alternative explanations (explain) are hard to find.‎ ‎4．(2016·天津高考)It was really annoying (annoy); I couldn't get access to the data bank you had recommended.‎ ‎5．(2015·浙江高考)We tend to have (have) a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.‎ ‎6．(2015·湖北高考)When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance (balanced) and had a bad fall.‎ ‎7．(2015·浙江高考)Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior (behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.‎ ‎8．(2015·浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive (defend)．‎ ‎9．(2014·湖南高考)To free ourselves from the physical (physically) and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 handle, frightened, confused, upset, normal, annoy, hard, forbid, adult, insist on　　‎ ‎1．(2017·北京高考)But through all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people. ‎ ‎2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Rani, my faceless agent whom I'd never met in person, got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to find another agent. ‎ ‎3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller stuck going over a fence — which wasn't 51 to climb if you had both arms. ‎ ‎4．(2014·重庆高考)In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 ， especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home. ‎ ‎5．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)And then, how many 52 ， who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver's licenses (执照)？ ‎ ‎6．(2013·辽宁高考)At the age when she gained some basic skill and sensibility (识别力), she begged her mother for a bike ride outside the garden.Her mother finally allowed her to go, 43 her keeping close to the house and not riding too far. ‎ ‎7．(2012·江西高考)As I watched several people go by, get into their cars and drive off, I noticed an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its 41 and a basket of rags and bottles on its backcarriage. ‎ ‎8．(2011·新课标全国卷)“ I remember feeling small and 54 ，” the woman says，“ and I did the only thing I could do. I dropped the course that afternoon, and I haven't gone near science since.” ‎ ‎9．(2011·北京高考)Sometimes I'd get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction — which made me feel really stupid. ‎ ‎10．(2009·重庆高考)Besides, his sore throat kept 45 him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but failed. ‎ 答案：1.normal　2.annoyed　3.hard　4.forbidden　5.adults 6．insisting on　7.handle　8.frightened　9.confused 10．upsetting 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：青春期孩子的健康成长问题是社会、学校及家庭都比较关注的焦点，针对该话题的考查主要是从学生在学校、家庭中遇到的挫折和烦恼，以及学生的青春期教育等角度着手。高考对这一话题的选题也比较重视。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ Georgina, known as Georgie, will turn 16 later this week and organized the party with two friends.Her mother said they had originally looked at the option of booking a nightclub, but decided the ￡1,000 fee was too steep. She said, “It seemed that realistically the only place Georgina could have her party was at home.”‎ Georgie Hobday's parents had grownups to be in charge, a proper guest list, and a ban on alcohol. So they thought they had her 16th birthday party under control.Unfortunately, it was advertised on Facebook.‎ Around 400 uninvited guests stormed into the family's townhouse in Brighton on Saturday and gatecrashed (擅自参加) the event.They violently forced their way past the adults on duty, breaking light bulbs, knocking over plants and tearing up the garden.Twelve police cars had to be called in to send them on their way.The troublemakers were the Facebook Republican Army, a group who look for teenage parties to crash through social networking sites.‎ Yesterday Georgie's mother was very annoyed, who said to the newspaper reporter, “It was an absolute horror show.The garden has been ruined by the teenagers and the grass is just mud.I'll never have a party for my daughter here again.I think Facebook is a major cause, as well as texting.”‎ A gatecrasher said this is just the kind of party they like to gatecrash. They're in their late teens and early 20s and they are quite intimidating.When they turn up at a teenage party they know that no one will dare to say anything to them so they can do what they want.Once they've found a party they put the word out through texts and news spreads fast.‎ A Sussex police spokesman said, “There was a sea of people, and it was hard to move, which was a major safety problem that required a lot of police time and resources.” Mrs Meli added, “I do understand at that age they have nowhere to go because they couldn't go to clubs.But invading (蜂拥而入) someone else's party and wasting police time and money is not the answer.Something must be done to educate and guide the teenagers' bad behaviors.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。即将16岁的Georgie在家里举办了生日聚会，但“脸书共和军”在她生日当天不请自来，不仅破坏了她的生日聚会，而且把她家弄得乱七八糟。‎ ‎1．What made Georgie's parents give up holding the party at a nightclub?‎ A．The high cost.　　　 　 B．The limited time.‎ C．The safety problem. D．The noisy atmosphere.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her mother said they had originally looked at the option of booking a nightclub, but decided the ￡1,000 fee was too steep”可知，Georgie的父母原打算预订一家夜总会为她举办16岁生日聚会，但是他们觉得1 000英镑的费用太贵，最终决定在家里给她举办生日聚会。故选A。‎ ‎2．What can we know about Georgie's mother?‎ A．She arranged the party with Georgie.‎ B．She has disadvantaged backgrounds.‎ C．She regretted holding the party at home.‎ D．She throws a birthday party for Georgie yearly.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was an absolute horror show.The garden has been ruined by the teenagers and the grass is just mud.I'll never have a party for my daughter here again”可知，Georgie的妈妈认为这完全是个恐怖秀，她再也不在家里为女儿举办聚会了。由此可推知，Georgie的妈妈很后悔在家里为女儿举办生日聚会。故选C。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “intimidating” in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A．Ambitious. B．Frightening.‎ C．Thoughtless. D．Curious.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“When they ...they know that no one will dare to say anything to them so they can do what they want”可知，参加聚会的不速之客认为当他们出现在青少年的聚会上时，这些青少年不敢对他们说什么，于是他们就可以为所欲为。由此可推断画线词的意思为“可怕的，令人害怕的”，与frightening的意思相近。故选B。‎ ‎4．What's Mrs Meli's attitude towards the Facebook Republican Army?‎ A．Concerned. B．Supportive.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Negative.‎ 解析：选D　观点态度题。根据最后一段的“But invading (蜂拥而入) someone else's party and wasting police time and money is not the answer”可知，Georgie的妈妈认为“脸书共和军”闯入别人的聚会的行为是在浪费警方的时间和金钱，是不可取的。由此可知，她对“脸书共和军”持否定的态度。故选D。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 利用but/however巧解阅读理解题 通过研究近几年高考阅读理解试题，我们不难发现but和however的重现率较高，几乎每年高考阅读理解都有一些题目的答案与这两个词有关，故应高度重视这两个词，特别是其后的内容。表示转折的but和however有很强的意义强调功能，对我们判断上下文文意、推断作者态度、猜测人物心理、理清文章层次都具有举足轻重的作用。but和however在文中通常有以下几种作用：‎ ‎①引出作者的观点，反驳but前面的观点(普遍观点)；‎ ‎②通过对比引出相反或相对的信息；‎ ‎③表明作者的态度或提出作者的建议。‎ 例如上文第4小题，本题为观点态度题。定位文章最后一段的“But invading (蜂拥而入) someone else's party and wasting police time and money is not the answer”，由but后的内容可知，Georgie的妈妈认为“脸书共和军”闯入别人的聚会的行为是在浪费警方的时间和金钱，是不可取的。即她对“脸书共和军”持否定的态度。故选D。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·贵阳监测)I've never been the kind of person to say, “it's the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present that blew me away.‎ For years now, I've been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.‎ In the front room, there's a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children's growth.‎ Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child's name and the date when they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it's this one thing in a home that's the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn't normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see.‎ Over the years, I've talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.‎ So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do something about it.‎ They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (晚礼服)．‎ She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (指纹), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.‎ Three weeks later, my children's wonderful gift made its way to me — a lifesize photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孩子们送给“我”‎ 的一件充满爱意且特别的礼物的事情。‎ ‎1．The underlined phrase “blew me away” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”．‎ A．attracted me B．surprised me C．accepted me D．refused me 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容及下文的描述可知，“我”以前不相信送礼物的人的心思最重要，但几个星期前“我”的孩子们送给“我”的礼物让“我”改变了这样的想法，所以此处表示使“我”吃惊。‎ ‎2．What does the house really mean to the author?‎ A．A house. B．A building.‎ C．Objects. D．Memories.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Of all the objects and all the memories, it's this one thing in a home that's the hardest to leave behind”可知，对作者来说这栋房子意味着回忆。‎ ‎3．What surprised the friends the author know after work?‎ A．Finding the wall repainted.‎ B．Erasing the fingerprints.‎ C．Greeting them by tears.‎ D．Leaving the wall unfinished.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over” 可知，令朋友们吃惊的是房屋的墙面又被重新粉刷了。‎ ‎4．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Gift Made with Love B．Buildings Made by Children C．A Very Wonderful Painting D．A Family History 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段可知，这篇文章主要讲述了孩子们送给“我”的一份用爱制成的礼物的故事，故A项作本文标题最佳。‎ B ‎(2020届高三·名校原创预测卷三)Most couples know you should never go to bed on an argument.But anger won't just harm your relationship — it could also ruin your sleep, researchers claim. A study has found those who were angry generally, and struggled to keep their temper (脾气), slept worse.They are believed to keep themselves awake by thinking over their disappointment and find it harder to achieve the calmness they need to drop off.‎ There may even be a physical reason, as feelings of anger increase cardiovascular (心血管的) ‎ activity, which makes it harder to go to sleep. Psychologists from Iowa State University based their findings on 436 volunteers whose sleep was monitored after they completed an anger questionnaire.Writing in the Journal of Research in Personality, they state: “These findings add to the growing evidence that being easy to get angry may lead to poor sleep and that anger and sleep are closely connected.”‎ Study participants were asked questions designed to determine if they were quicktempered and became angry easily.They were asked how angrily they would react to specific provocations (挑衅), such as being criticized by others.Finally they were sorted into groups based on how they dealt with anger — the “angerin” group, the“angerout” group and the “angercontrol” group.‎ The people who controlled their anger, saying they would “keep my cool” under pressure, got better quality sleep during a week of being tracked.But those who held back their anger, within the “angerin” group, got worse sleep by comparison.The study showed those who did not let their anger out by saying “unpleasant things”， but instead chose to “boil inside” still lost out on sleep.‎ Previous research has suggested that people are angry because they lose out on sleep, which makes it harder to hold back negative feelings and creates a vicious circle.‎ ‎5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part “drop off” in Paragraph 1?‎ A．Relieve anger. B．Fall asleep.‎ C．Behave reasonably. D．Improve a relationship.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据上文中的“anger won't just harm your relationship — it could also ruin your sleep”“A study has found those who were angry generally, and struggled to keep their temper (脾气), slept worse”及第二段的第一句话可知，此处内容有关生气使人睡眠不佳；研究发现，人们反复地思考让自己失望的事情会使自己处于清醒的状态，并且更难达到入睡的平静状态。drop off的意思应是“打盹儿，小睡”，与fall asleep的意思相近，故选B。‎ ‎6．How did psychologists carry out the research?‎ A．By asking volunteers specific questions.‎ B．By designing interesting group activities.‎ C．By recording volunteers' daily behaviour.‎ D．By collecting data from previous studies.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句及第三段的前两句可知，心理学家通过问志愿者们特定的问题来展开他们的研究。故选A。‎ ‎7．What does the study find?‎ A．Sleep problems can be avoided by controlling anger.‎ B．Poor anger control is associated with sleep shortage.‎ C．Anger is not necessarily a negative feeling.‎ D．Anger can lead to lowquality sleep.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Writing ...anger and sleep are closely connected”可知，愤怒可能会导致低质量的睡眠。故选D。‎ ‎8．Which would be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Dealing with anger properly guarantees good sleep B．When and how people sleep when they are angry?‎ C．Going to bed angry can stop you from sleeping well D．How are sleep problems and mental disorders linked?‎ 解析：选C　标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现——带着怒气睡觉不利于睡眠。故C项作本文标题最佳。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2019·武汉模拟)As a dancer competing at national level, I had difficulty forming relationships with other dancers against whom I was competing.I was one of the 1 contestants with only a handful of friends.Rather than seizing the chance to make friends with dancers from all over the country, I 2 the opportunity.I believed the other dancers were much more 3 and accomplished than me.‎ Miss Michelle, my dance teacher, 4 my lack of confidence and sought to 5 me with some advice her dance teacher had given her.She told me, “When you walk into the room, you are already the 6 .” With that lesson, she taught me that half the 7 to become a more confident person was thinking like a confident person.‎ In addition to my dance instructor, my solo choreographer (编舞老师) Miss Cathy also wanted to make my 8 at the Nationals worthwhile. 9 ， Miss Cathy couldn't come with me to Nashville in 2016, due to her pregnancy.She handed me a golden key chain with an inspirational quote “Confidence is the Key”．Throughout my Nationals experience, I 10 this key chain with me to remind me that I can be successful in anything I want to 11 .‎ Both Miss Michelle's inspiring 12 and Miss Cathy's precious gift helped 13 the confidence I had in my dancing as well as my confidence as a person.I no longer felt like an underdog in most situations； 14 I grasped the opportunities 15 and tried hard to be successful.‎ I 16 in interacting with almost all the Miss and Mr.contestants during my two weeks in Nashville.By having confidence in myself and in my abilities, I 17 away from my Nationals with much more than a crown.The key to my own happiness and personal 18 is having the confidence to welcome 19 experiences and develop close 20 .‎ 语篇解读：作者最初参加全国舞蹈比赛时缺乏自信，在老师的开导下，作者提高了自信。通过全国赛的经历，作者不再觉得自己是个失败者；相反，作者抓住了提供的机会，并努力取得了成功。作者认为个人幸福和成长的关键是有信心迎接新的经历和发展亲密的友谊。‎ ‎1．A.conventional B．stupid C．shy D．fresh 解析：选C　下文提到作者错失了和来自全国各地的舞蹈演员交朋友的机会，由此推测，作者是一个害羞的人。‎ ‎2．A.lived up B．passed up C．put up D．built up 解析：选B　pass up“拒绝”。作者错过了这个机会。‎ ‎3．A.satisfied B．accustomed C．experienced D．informed 解析：选C　satisfied“满意的”；accustomed“习惯的”；experienced“有经验的”；informed“见多识广的”。我认为其他舞蹈演员比我更有经验和技巧，故选C项。‎ ‎4．A.recognized B．foresaw C．exposed D．explained 解析：选A　作者的舞蹈老师Miss Michelle意识到作者缺乏自信，并努力用她的舞蹈老师给她的建议启发作者。‎ ‎5．A.advocate B．impress C．address D．inspire 解析：选D　advocate“提倡”； impress“给予某人深刻印象”；address“演说”；inspire“鼓舞”。根据句意可知选D项。‎ ‎6．A.commander B．winner C．member D．stronger 解析：选B　句意：她告诉我，“当你进了这个房间，你就是赢家”，所以选B项。‎ ‎7．A.battle B．sense C．exam D．project 解析：选A　带着那个教训，她告诉我为了变成一个更加自信的人，其中一半的努力就是像一个自信的人一样思考。battle“斗争；战役”，符合语境，此处指付出的努力。‎ ‎8．A.style B．work C．time D．show 解析：选C　句意：除了我的舞蹈老师之外，我的编舞老师Miss Cathy也想让我在全国赛上的时间有价值。故选C项。‎ ‎9．A.Uncertainty B．Unbearably C．Unfortunately D．Usually 解析：选C　根据下文的“due to her pregnancy”可知，很遗憾Miss Cathy因为怀孕不能和作者一起参加全国赛。‎ ‎10．A.held B．packed C．wore D．kept 解析：选D　根据下文可知，此处填keep; keep sth.with sb.意为“带着……”。‎ ‎11．A.guarantee B．achieve C．allow D．sponsor 解析：选B　句意：在全国赛期间，我带着这把金钥匙以提醒我，我可以在任何我想实现的事情上取得成功。achieve“实现”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.assistance B．guidance C．words D．letters 解析：选C　根据上文的“When you walk into the room，you are already the ”可知，此处是Miss Michelle的令人鼓舞的话语，所以选C项。‎ ‎13．A.improve B．regain C．determine D．express 解析：选A　句意：Miss Michelle的令人鼓舞的话语和Miss Cathy的珍贵礼物都帮助我提高了自信。根据句意可知，A项正确。‎ ‎14．A.once B．otherwise C．instead D．besides 解析：选C　句意：在大多数情况下，我不再觉得自己是个失败者了，相反，我抓住了提供的机会，并努力取得成功。根据句意可知，C项正确。‎ ‎15．A.provided B．permitted C．delivered D．convinced 解析：选A　provide“提供”；permit“允许”；deliver“递送”；convince“使确信”。此处指“所提供的机会”，所以选A项。‎ ‎16．A.participated B．volunteered C．succeeded D．survived 解析：选C　participate“参与”；volunteer“自愿”；succeed“成功”；survive“幸存”。两周内我在Nashville成功地与几乎所有的女士和先生进行交流。succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。‎ ‎17．A.turned B．looked C．broke D．walked 解析：选D　句意：由于对我自己和自己的能力有信心，我离开了全国赛，不仅仅是带着一个皇冠。walk away from“离开”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.freedom B．growth C．safety D．interest 解析：选B　作者从一个害羞、没有自信的人变成了一个有自信的人。因此此处指的是“个人成长的关键”，所以选B项。‎ ‎19．A.new B．good C．old D．relative 解析：选A　句意：个人幸福和成长的关键是有信心迎接新的经历和发展亲密的友谊，故选A项。‎ ‎20．A.partnerships B．citizenships C．friendships D．leadership 解析：选C　partnership“伙伴关系”；citizenship“公民身份”；friendship“友谊”；leadership“领导能力”。根据句意可知选C项。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·成都诊断)Helping a person forget something is rarely easy, especially if the “something” is hurtful or negative.Use some simple techniques to distract the person from the issue and 1 (hope) with time, the person won't be able to remember 2 he is supposed to forget.‎ Remove all the items that may bring back the memory.Any small objects can jog his memory, so carefully replace those photos, diaries or any other 3 (person) objects or presents with new items.‎ Change the subject whenever your friend brings it up.Don't do this in 4 obvious way because this is annoying, but do it without his awareness of your 5 (intend)．Tell some 6 (amuse) stories or talk about important and happy events in your friend's life such as a new nephew or a work promotion.‎ Occupy him with 7 (activity) and appointments.Keeping him too busy 8 (think) about the past helps him see a positive light.Create a full schedule and introduce new things and experiences, such as a cooking class.‎ Be patient and allow time to get over things.It will be a long time 9 your friend fully removes that memory, so don't be 10 (disappoint) if it doesn't happen immediately.‎ ‎1．hopefully　考查副词。空处修饰后面的整个句子，故用副词形式。‎ ‎2．what　考查宾语从句。所填的词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词forget的宾语，故填what。‎ ‎3．personal　考查形容词。空处修饰名词objects，故用形容词形式。‎ ‎4．an　考查冠词。该处表示“一种明显的方式”，表示泛指，故用不定冠词；obvious的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。‎ ‎5．intention　考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your可知，该处用名词形式。‎ ‎6．amusing　考查形容词。根据空后的名词stories可知，空处修饰该名词，所以用形容词amusing。‎ ‎7．activities　考查名词。根据该句中的“and appointments”可知，空处与此并列，应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8．to think　考查固定搭配。too ...to ...为固定搭配，意为“太……而不能……”。‎ ‎9．before　考查连词。本句结构： it will be＋一段时间＋before ...表示“多久之后才……”，故用连词before。‎ ‎10．disappointed　考查形容词。空处所在句为祈使句，系动词be后接形容词，且修饰人，故用disappointed。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 We are required to collect our smart phones and keep it in the teacher's during the weekdays.In fact the most of us obey this regulation, but some still play various trick against it.I'm among those.Once, I hand in a waste phone.Mr.Li, our head teacher, seemed ignore all that.So I felt very luckily to have an extra phone with me.And good time doesn't last long.“Can I use your phone as a while? I forgot to take mine by chance.”Mr.Li said, pick out my waste phone and dialing.You can see how embarrassing I was at the scene!‎ 答案：第一句：it→them 第二句：去掉the; trick→tricks 第四句：hand→handed 第五句：ignore前加to 第六句：luckily→lucky 第七句：And→But/Yet 第八句：as→for 第十句：pick→picking 第十一句：embarrassing→embarrassed