河北省邯郸市2021届高三上学期（9月）摸底考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

河北省邯郸市2021届高三上学期（9月）摸底考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

邯郸市高三年级摸底考试 英 语 注意事项：‎ ‎1.考试时间120分钟，总共150分。‎ ‎2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和考场填写在答题卡上，并把条形码贴在答题卡的指定位置。‎ ‎3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. How does the woman’s father go to work? ‎ A. By bus. B. By subway. C. On foot.‎ ‎2. Where does the man probably stop the car?‎ A. At a parking lot. B. At a gas station. C. On the way.‎ ‎3. What’s the weather normally like in Chicago?‎ A. Cold. B. Warm. C. Rainy.‎ ‎4. What does the man think about the boating race?‎ A. Disappointing. B. Competitive. C. Meaningful.‎ ‎5. What does the man want to do now?‎ A. Return a ticket. B. Deal with an emergency. C. Catch a train.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What can we know about the man’s daughter?‎ A. She likes reading books.‎ B. She likes playing games.‎ C. She likes wearing good clothes.‎ ‎7. What is the man’s attitude to the development of kids?‎ A. Respecting their natural growth.‎ B. Letting them do whatever their parents like.‎ C. Learning as much as possible at the early age. ‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Manager and clerk.‎ B. Husband and wife.‎ C. Customer and saleswoman.‎ ‎9. What color of the sweater did the man choose? ‎ A. Red. B. White. C. Grey.‎ ‎10. What’s the final price of the sweater?‎ A. Above 50 dollars. B. More than 45 dollars. C. Less than 40 dollars.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. What does the man’s father do?‎ A. A software designer. B. A university professor. C. A company manager.‎ ‎12. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Career planning. B. College courses. C. Finance degree.‎ ‎13. What is the woman’s suggestion at last?‎ A. Working for a new company.‎ B. Going on a long trip.‎ C. Preparing for an MBA.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。‎ ‎14. What is Anne Smith doing?‎ A. Finding an apartment. B. Serving a customer. C. Interviewing a man.‎ ‎15. What location does the man prefer?‎ A. Near the university. B. At the bus stop. C. On Broadway street.‎ ‎16. What does the man want necessarily?‎ A. A balcony. B. A wash machine. C. A central air.‎ ‎17. What will the speakers do next?‎ A. Take some photos of the apartment.‎ B. Have a look at the apartment.‎ C. Move into the apartment soon.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18. Who is Marlin Cathlina speaking to?‎ A. The listeners of the program.‎ B. The people in the EU.‎ C. The representatives of the EU.‎ ‎19. When did the idea of the EU come into being first?‎ A. In the 1900s. B. In the 1950s. C. Tn the 2000s.‎ ‎20. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The population of the EU.‎ B. The members of the EU.‎ C. The history of the EU.‎ 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A What to do when it’s wet in Woolacombe When it’s wet in Woolacombe you still have so much to do. There are so many attractions and activities for all-weather family fun, both on our Devon Holiday Parks and in the local area.‎ Cinemas Both our Woolacombe Bay and Twitchen House Holiday Parks have brand-new air-conditioned cinemas. Always showing the latest blockbuster films, with drinks and hot snacks, and comfortable seating. We let you bring in your own snacks, or order from the bar and get an in-seat delivery. Hide from wet Woolacombe in style.‎ What’s on Park?‎ Try our amazing surfing simulator (模拟器). Our Wavesurfer, at Golden Coast., creates an artificial wave you can bodyboard on—for beginner or experienced boarders alike. We also have pottery painting on three of our Parks, a winner with the kids.‎ Our indoor pools and waterslides are a fantastic option. Arcades (拱廊) and soft-play areas abound across our Parks, as well as eateries and bars. Ask at reception for a list of our on-Park activities—all included in the price of your holiday!‎ The Milky Way This family-friendly theme park is an out of this world, all-weather adventure! Featuring North Devon’s largest indoor play area, typhoon roller-coaster, gravity rider, circular slide, bumper cars and so many more activities!‎ North Devon Wake Park If you don’t mind getting a bit wet. in Woolacombe, then head across to Bideford and visit the Wake Park and Aqua Park. Something for all the family, from beginner to the experienced. Race, slide and chase each other across the fantastic Aqua Park—or learn a new skill in the Wake Park, hours of fun!‎ ‎1. Where can you see a film?‎ A. In Twitchen House B. At Golden Coast.‎ C. In Wake Park. D. In Aqua Park.‎ ‎2. Which activity attracts the children most?‎ A. Indoor surfing. B. Riding a roller-coaster.‎ C. Seeing films. D. Pottery painting.‎ ‎3. What can you do in The Milky Way?‎ A. Learn to surf. B. Play, waterslides.‎ C. Play rider games. D. Learn new skills.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。介绍了几个在伍拉科姆雨季可以玩的娱乐活动。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段的第一句“Both our Woolacombe Bay and Twitchen House Holiday Parks have brand-new air-conditioned cinemas.”可知，伍拉科姆湾和Twitchen House两个假期公园都有全新的空调电影院。由此可见，在Twitchen House可以观看电影。结合选项可知，选项A正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句“We also have pottery painting on three of our Parks, a winner with the kids.”可知，我们在三个公园上也有陶绘，这是一个赢得孩子们青睐的活动。由此可见，陶绘最吸引儿童。结合选项可知，选项D正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段的最后一句“Featuring North Devon’s largest indoor play area, typhoon roller-coaster, gravity rider, circular slide, bumper cars and so many more activities!”可知，北德文郡最大的户内游戏区，台风过山车，重力骑乘，圆形滑梯，碰碰车以及更多的活动。由此可见，在银河可以玩骑乘游戏。结合选项可知，选项C正确。‎ B Jim found himself exhausted during a trip. When he came home, he went to see a doctor. “The reason why I was fatigued (精疲力竭),” Jim says, “was that my kidneys were gone.”‎ Jim, 69, a former Air Force pilot, immediately started dialysis (透析) three times a week. A person of his age on dialysis usually lives only about four years. Transplants are a long-shot alternative. The National Kidney Foundation estimates that 13 people die every day while waiting for a donor with the right blood and tissue types.‎ Jim’s wife, nephew and four family friends offered but weren’t a match. Jim was so discouraged that he was even considering not attending a reunion of some Air Force buddies (铁哥们). But his wife encouraged him to reunite with his old friends, among whom was one he hadn’t seen for nearly 50 years: Doug Coffman. The two had met. When they both were learning Vietnamese before they went overseas.‎ Doug, then 70, felt a strong bond with his band of brothers, even though he hadn’t seen some of them for decades. Their connection went beyond the battlefield in ways most, soldiers never experience.‎ Doug had received help from his friends when he was in trouble, so he felt like it was a time that he could pay that ahead by donating a kidney to Jim. Fortunately, series of testing revealed not only that Doug’s tissue type matched Jim’s but also that he had the kidneys of a 35-year-old.‎ The transplant was a success. “It’s pretty miraculous to be able to take an organ out of one person’s body—a living organ—put it in another person’s body, and have it work.” Doug says. “And there’s nothing finer than knowing I’ve helped another person live a better life.”‎ ‎4. From paragraph 2 we know that kidney transplant is ________.‎ A. expensive B. dangerous C. a matter of luck D. an unwise choice ‎5. How old was Jim when he went overseas?‎ A. About 17. B. About 19. C. About 22. D. About 25.‎ ‎6. What can we infer from Doug’s words in the last paragraph?‎ A. Doug is happy to donate a kidney to Jim.‎ B. Jim is having a better life than Doug.‎ C. The kidney transplant was very successful.‎ D. Modern medical science is very advanced.‎ ‎7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To share his good luck. B. To tell us to pay it forward.‎ C. To introduce a kidney transplant. D. To encourage us to make friends.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Jim多年不见的老朋友Doug为其捐肾的感人故事。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段中的第三句“Transplants are long-shot alternative.”和最后一句“The National Kidney Foundation estimates that 13 people die every day while waiting for a donor with the right blood and tissue types.”可知，肾移植是一个希望渺茫的替代方案。美国肾脏基金会估计每天都有13人在等待一个有合适的血型和器官组织类型的捐赠者的时候死去。由此可见，肾移植要靠机会和运气。结合选项可知，选项C正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段第一句中“Jim, 69, a former Air Force pilot, immediately started dialysis (透析) three times a week.”和第三段的第三句“But his wife encouraged him to reunite with his old friends, among whom was one he hadn’t seen for nearly 50 years: Doug Coffman.”可知，Jim，69‎ 岁，一位前空军飞行员，立即开始了一周三次的透析。但是他的妻子鼓励他去和他的老朋友们重新团聚，在他们之中，有一个是他几乎59年没见的人：Doug Coffman。由此可知， Jim出国参战的时候是69-50=19岁，他当时大约19岁。结合选项可知，选项B正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句““And there’s nothing finer than knowing I’ve helped another person live a better life.””可知，“并且，没有比我知道我帮忙了其他人过上了更好的生活更好的事情了。”由此可见，能为Jim捐肾，Doug感到很高兴。结合选项可知，选项A正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段中的第一句“Doug had received help from his friends when he was in trouble, so he felt like it was time that he could pay that ahead by donating a kidney to Jim”可知，Doug曾在他困难的时候收到了他朋友的帮助，所以他觉得这是他通过捐肾给Jim把爱传递。由此可见，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了把爱传递下去。结合选项可知，选项B正确。‎ C It would not be an overstatement to say that salt is one of the greatest discoveries in the history of mankind. Just imagine how tasteless our food would have been had salt not been discovered. Apart, from adding flavor to our food, it is also an essential ingredient for the health of both man as well as animals, provided it is taken in the right quantities. Salt is also used by the food processing and meat packing industries as a seasoning or preservative ingredient.‎ Salt has always been helpful in the building of communities and societies, as man normally built his settlements around the sources of salt. At one point of time, salt was also used as a currency. Today, there are many countries around the world that are working hard to extract (提炼) salt so that we can enjoy our food to the fullest. Some of these are producing enough salt to satisfy the requirement of the entire world, while others are producing just enough to support their own people.‎ According to the British Geological Survey, China is the top salt producer in the world. The United States of America occupies the second position, and India, finishing a distant third. Other countries that, made it among the top ten salt producing nations’ list were Canada, Australia, Germany, Mexico, Chile, France and the Netherlands.‎ Countries that produced more than 1 million tonnes of salt in 2017 included Peru, Bangladesh, Thailand, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Romania, Egypt, Poland, and the United Kingdom, to name a few. Ranked at the bottom of the list were the African nations of Mauritania and Djibouti.‎ So, the next time you take your meal and add a pinch of salt to make it more delicious, do share a thought for the numerous salt workers around the world due to whom our food tastes so perfect.‎ ‎8. What do we know from the first paragraph?‎ A. Man will die without salt. B. The more salt, the better food.‎ C. Salt intake should be proper. D. Salt is an optional ingredient.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word “these” in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Countries. B. Settlements.‎ C Sources. D. Communities.‎ ‎10. Where does Mexico rank in salt production in the world?‎ A. Fifth. B. Sixth. C. Seventh. D. Eighth.‎ ‎11. What is the author’s attitude toward those who produce salt?‎ A Regretful. B. Grateful. C. Doubtful. D. Faithful.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了食盐的重要性以及一些主要国家的盐产量排名。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的第三句“Apart from adding flavor to our food, it is also an essential ingredient for the health of both man as well as animals, provided it is taken in the right quantities.”可知，除了给我们的食物增加味道之外，如果摄取适量的话，对于人类和动物的健康来说盐也是一个不可缺少的成分。由此可见，盐的摄入应该适量。结合选项可知，选项C正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。由第二段的第三句“Today, there are many countries around the world that are working hard to extract (提炼) salt so that we can enjoy our food to the fullest.”可知，今天，世界上有很多国家正在努力提炼盐，这样我们可以尽情地享受我们的食物。由此可见，these指代“国家”。结合选项可知，选项A正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“According to the British Geological Survey, China is the top salt producer in the world. The United States of America occupies the second position, and India, finishing a distant third. Other countries that, made it among the top ten salt producing nations’ list were Canada, Australia, Germany, Mexico, Chile, France and the Netherlands.”可知，根据英国地质调查局，中国是世界上第一大盐生产国。美国位于第二，印度远远落后在第三。其他国家，按照在前10的盐生产国排名清单分别为：加拿大，澳大利亚，德国，墨西哥，智利，法国和新西兰。由此可见，墨西哥在世界盐生产的排名是第七。结合选项可知，选项C正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段“So, the next time you take your meal and add a pinch of salt to make it more delicious,‎ ‎ do share a thought for the numerous salt workers around the world due to whom our food tastes so perfect.”可知，所以，下次你在用膳以及增加一撮盐让食物更加美味的时候，确实要想想世界上许多的盐工作者，因为他们，我们的食物品尝起来是如此美味。由此可见，作者对盐工作者的态度是充满感激之情。结合选项可知，选项B正确。‎ D These days, many people are concerned about plastic waste; however, the convenience and cost of plastic food packaging are hard to beat. But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to make edible (可食用的) packaging and tableware from foods like seaweed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.‎ Edible films, wrappers and straws have already found a specialty market and are starting to attract attention from larger food and beverage companies, according to freelance contributor Prachi Patel. At the 2019 London Marathon, the start-up company Notpla handed out sports drink, packaged in seaweed-based capsules, to thirsty runners. Although the packaging is safe to swallow, runners can choose to spit out the film. In that case, it breaks down in only 4-6 weeks. The New York-based company Loliware is making seaweed-based straws that feel like plastic for 24 hours after getting wet. Once used, they can be eaten, or they will break down in the environment within 2 months. Marriott Hotels and alcoholic-beverage firm Pernod Ricard have already started using the straws.‎ Although edible packaging is gaining ground, challenges remain. Some worry about the hygiene (卫生) of eating packaging that has been touched or exposed to germs during transport or while sitting on the shelf. Experts agree that edible packaging will require an outer layer, but these materials could also be made from sustainable materials, such as paper. Another obstacle is public acceptance: will people eat something that is usually thrown away? Consumers could perhaps be convinced if the packaging includes nutrients, such as vitamins or proteins, or just tastes good. And finally, improvements in heat and moisture stability need to be made before edible packaging can enjoy widespread use.‎ ‎12. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 1?‎ A. Plastic is convenient and cheap.‎ B. People are concerned about plastic.‎ C. Seaweed can be widely used as wrappers.‎ D. New food packaging is catching more attention.‎ ‎13. Which of the following can best describe Notpla?‎ A. It is a computer company. B. It produces edible straws.‎ C. It is run by Prachi Patel. D. It’s a newly founded company.‎ ‎14. What is implied in the third paragraph?‎ A. Edible packaging may cause more pollution.‎ B. It takes time for edible packaging to be popular.‎ C. No one but experts support edible packaging.‎ D. Edible packaging will certainly replace plastic.‎ ‎15. What can be the best title of this text?‎ A. Edible Food Packaging B. Environmental Issues C. Brand New Inventions D. The Food of the Future ‎【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。一些发明人员正在研究可食用包装，以代替塑料包装，从而减少污染，但可食用包装的卫生状况以及营养与否却引起了人们的担忧。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的最后一句“But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to make edible (可食用的) packaging and tableware from foods like seaweed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.”可知，根据在美国化学协会每周新闻杂志《化学与工程新闻》中的一篇文章可知，但是，越来越多的发明家正在尝试用海藻、牛奶蛋白和马铃薯淀粉等食物来制作可食用的包装和餐具。由此可见，作者想要告诉我们，新的食品包装正在引起更多的关注。结合选项可知，选项D正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段中的第二句“At the 2019 London Marathon, the start-up company Notpla handed out sports drink, packaged in seaweed-based capsules, to thirsty runners.”可知，在2019伦敦马拉松比赛，创业公司Notpla用海草型胶囊包装的运动饮料给口渴的运动员。由此可见，Notpla是一家新成立的公司。结合选项可知，选项D正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句“And finally, improvements in heat and moisture stability need to be made before edible packaging can enjoy widespread use.”可知，最后，在可食用食品包装能广泛使用之前，热湿稳定性还需要提升。由此可见，可食用食品包装还需花时间去普及使用。结合选项可知，选项B正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第一段的最后一句“But now, a growing number of inventors are trying to make edible (可食用的) packaging and tableware from foods like seaweed, milk proteins and potato starch, according to an ‎ article in Chemical & Engineering News, the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society.”表达的是“根据在美国化学协会每周新闻杂志《化学与工程新闻》中的一篇文章可知，但是，越来越多的发明家正在尝试用海藻、牛奶蛋白和马铃薯淀粉等食物来制作可食用的包装和餐具。”第二段的第一句“Edible films, wrappers and straws have already found a specialty market and are starting to attract attention from larger food and beverage companies, according to freelance contributor Prachi Patel.”表达的是“根据自由撰稿人布勒吉·帕特尔，可食用包装膜，包装纸和吸管已经找到了专业市场，并且正在开始吸引更大的食品和饮料公司的注意力。”第三段的第一句“Although edible packaging is gaining ground, challenges remain.”表达的是“虽然可食用食品包装正在前进，但是挑战依然存在。”由此可见，全文都是在讲可食用食品包装。结合选项可知，选项A正确。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Atoms and molecules in the air move constantly. ____16____ In high-pressure systems, the molecules inside the system move faster than those that surround it. The opposite occurs in low-pressure systems, where the air inside the low is moving more slowly than in the surrounding area.‎ Air flows around a high-or low-pressure system in much the same way as water swirls (旋涡) around a hole. In the Northern Hemisphere, air that moves into a high-pressure system flows outward in a clockwise pattern. Air flowing upward in a region of low pressure moves counterclockwise. ____17____‎ Air is more dense (密集的) in a region of high pressure, so the air pushes out toward less dense regions. The air mass begins to warm as it goes down, which prevents the formation of clouds. The presence of clouds indicates that rain may be present in the air. ____18____ In a region of low pressure, the air rises. As it does, the air mass cools and clouds form from the humidity (湿气) inside the air mass.‎ ‎___19___Once the droplets are heavy enough, they fall to the ground. When temperatures are warm, rain is the result. If temperatures are low? the result is snow. When water droplets fall through relatively warmer or colder air masses on the journey to Earth, the low- pressure system may bring snow or ice.‎ Rain associated with low-pressure systems holds true in much of the Northern Hemisphere. _____20_____ So in tropical areas, rain association with highs or lows is less predictable.‎ A. This movement creates air pressure.‎ B. So we can predict rain from the clouds.‎ C. But the air pressure changes little in tropical climates.‎ D. The higher the air pressure is, the faster the winds blow in and outwards.‎ E. Humidity in the rising air of a low-pressure system becomes water droplets.‎ F. This swirling air results in winds around or near the high-and low-pressure boundaries.‎ G. High-pressure systems have light or no clouds, indicating fair weather without rain.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了气压与雨的关系。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 由空格前一句“Atoms and molecules in the air move constantly.”可知，空气中的原子和分子是不断地在运动的。选项A“This movement creates air pressure.”表达的是“这种运动产生了气压。”选项A中的this movement指代的是前一句中的“move constantly”，两者相呼应。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由第二段的第二句“In the Northern Hemisphere, air that moves into a high-pressure system flows outward in a clockwise pattern.”和第三句“Air flowing upward in a region of low pressure moves counterclockwise.”可知，在北半球，在高压系统里的空气以顺时针方式向外流动。在低压地区向上流动的空气则是以逆时针方向移动。选项F“This swirling air results in winds around or near the high-and low-pressure boundaries.”表达的是“这种旋转空气形成了高低压附近后置周围的风。”选项F中的this swirling air指代的前面的“顺时针方向流动或者逆时针方向流动的空气”，两者相呼应。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由第三段的第二句“The air mass begins to warm as it goes down, which prevents the formation of clouds.”和第五句“In a region of low pressure, the air rises.”，第六句“As it does, the air mass cools and clouds form from the humidity (湿气) inside the air mass.”可知，当气团往下沉的时候，它开始变暖，这可以阻止云的形成。在低压地区，空气是上升的。当它上升的时候，气团冷切，云会从气团里的湿气那形成。由此可见，空格前后分别在讲述高气压和低气压会形成不同的天气，空格处需填写高气压形成好的天气，和后文的“低气压形成云”进行对比。选项G“High-pressure systems have light or no clouds, indicating fair weather without rain.”表达的是“高压系统有薄云或者无云，意味着没有雨的晴天”，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由后一句“Once the droplets are heavy enough, they fall to the ground.”可知，一旦小水滴足够多了，它们就会落地。选项E“Humidity in the rising air of a low-pressure system becomes water droplets.”表达的是“低压上升空气里的湿气会变成水滴。”，选项E中的water droplets和后一句中的the droplets相呼应。故选E。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由后一句“So in tropical areas, rain association with highs or lows is less predictable.”可知，所以在热带地区，雨和高压或者低压的联系是难以预测的。这是在讲述热带地区的气候状况。选项C“But the air pressure changes ‎ little in tropical climates.”表达的是“但是在热带气候气压变化很少。”，这也是在讲述热带地区的气候。和后一句相呼应。故选C。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Li Ziqi didn’t own happy childhood. When she was a child, her parents got divorced and her father died early. She started ____21____ with her grandparents. Their life was poor but affordable. Her grandfather was a ____22____ in the village. When there was a ceremony going on, such as a wedding or a funeral, her grandfather would be in ____23____ of the cooking.‎ At the age of 14, she ____24____ out of school and went to work in big cities trying to support herself and her family. In 2012, her grandmother had an illness, ____25____ Li Ziqi came back home to pursue her dream of becoming a web celebrity while ____26____ her grandmother.‎ She started ____27____ videos of cooking meals, using all ingredients in her farmland. ____28____, in 2016, after overcoming many difficulties, her videos received a huge amount of ____29____. In 2017, Li Ziqi became a new online celebrity in China, which is the _____30_____ of many people at home and abroad. In front of the camera, she always appears in a set of traditional Han clothing, which makes her videos more charming and _____31_____. Many people show great interest in her _____32_____ as well as her cooking.‎ Also, her _____33_____ help more foreigners learn and understand Chinese traditions and culture. The spirit of _____34_____ for independence and self-reliance conveyed by her life experience has _____35_____ great attention at home and abroad.‎ ‎21. A. dealing B. living C. paying D. quarreling ‎22. A. cook B. teacher C. senior D. leader ‎23. A. favor B. memory C. search D. charge ‎24. A. came B. rushed C. dropped D. stayed ‎25. A. because B. but C. unless D. so ‎26. A. looking forward to B. putting up with C. taking care of D. keeping up with ‎27. A. leaking B. watching C. selling D. finding ‎28. A. Obviously B. Finally C. Usually D. Positively ‎29. A. attention B. money C. judgement D. trust ‎30. A. idea B. future C. dream D. privilege ‎31. A. funny B. attractive C. real D. practical ‎32. A. performance B. suffering C. discovery D. clothing ‎33. A. stories B. videos C. beauty D. success ‎34. A. standing B. preparing C. struggling D. hoping ‎35. A. drawn B. paid C. needed D. deserved ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了李子柒的个人生活经历以及她对中国文化传播的影响。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始和她的祖父母住在一起。A. dealing处理；B. living生活；C. paying支付；D. quarreling争吵。由上文的her parents got divorced and her father died early和下文的In 2012, her grandmother had an illness, Li Ziqi came back home to pursue her dream of becoming a web celebrity while her grandmother可知，李子柒在父母离婚之后，与祖父母住在了一起（live with...）。故选B项。‎ ‎22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的祖父是村里的厨师。A. cook厨师；B. teacher教师；C. senior长辈；D. leader领导者。由下文的her grandfather would be in of the cooking可知，她爷爷是个厨师，下文讲述李子柒制作美食视频也暗示出她受到爷爷的影响。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当举行婚礼或葬礼等仪式时，她的祖父会负责做饭。A. favor赞成；B. memory记忆；C. search寻找；D. charge收费。in favor of“有利于、支持”；in memory of“纪念”；in search of“搜寻”；in charge of“负责、主管”；可知厨师是负责做饭的。故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：14岁那年，她辍学去大城市打工，努力养活自己和家人。A. came来了；B. rushed匆忙；C. dropped落下；D. stayed保持。由下文的and went to work in big cities可知，14岁的李子柒来到城市工作，肯定是辍学了，drop out of school（辍学）。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：2012年，李子柒的祖母病了，因此她回到老家，在照顾祖母的同时，追求她成为网络名人的梦想。A. because因为；B. but但是；C. unless除非；D. so因此。由语境以及常识可知，祖母生病，然后李子柒回到家里，这两句之间应是因果关系，应用连词so。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2012年，李子柒的祖母病了，因此她回到老家，在照顾祖母的同时，追求她成为网络名人的梦想。A. looking forward to期盼；B. putting up with忍受；C. taking care of照顾；D. keeping up with跟上。由上文的her grandmother had an illness可知，李子柒回老家照顾生病的祖母。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始透漏烹饪食物的视频，使用她农田里的所有原料。A. leaking泄漏；透漏；B. watching观看；C. selling卖；D. finding发现。由下文的In front of the camera, she always appears in set of traditional Han clothing以及整个故事情节可知，李子柒在家里制作视频，然后透漏视频（在网上发视频）。故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于在2016年，在克服了许多困难之后，她的视频受到了极大的关注。A. Obviously明显地；B. Finally最终地；C. Usually通常地；D. Positively积极地。2012年她开始制作视频，2016年获得大量关注，所以经过很长时间，尤其是经过艰苦的努力之后，最后终于（finally）成功。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于在2016年，在克服了许多困难之后，她的视频受到了极大的关注。A. attention注意力；B. money金钱；C. judgement判断；D. trust信任。由下文的In 2017, Li Ziqi became a new online celebrity in China可知，在2016年，李子柒的视频受到了极大的关注。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，李子柒成为中国新的网络名人，这是海内外许多人的梦想。A. idea想法；B. future将来；C. dream梦想；D. privilege特权。由常识可知，成为中国网红，这是国内外许多人的梦想（dream）。故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在镜头前，她总是穿着一套传统的汉服出现，这让她的视频更具魅力和吸引力。A. funny有趣的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. real真正的；D. practical实际的。根据语境，此处形容词应该与前面的charming表达近似的特征。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人对她的衣着和烹饪都很感兴趣。A. performance表演；B. suffering痛苦；C. discovery发现；D. clothing衣服。此句承接上句的she always appears in set of traditional Han clothing，由此可知，许多人除了喜欢她的厨艺之外，还喜欢她的服饰。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，她的视频有助于更多的外国人了解和理解中国的传统和文化。A. stories故事；B. videos视频；C. beauty美丽；D. success成功。本段总结全文，此处指她的视频（videos ‎）的影响力。故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的人生经历所传达的独立和自力更生的奋斗精神，在国内外引起了极大的关注。A. standing站；B. preparing准备；C. struggling奋斗；D. hoping希望。上文提到went to work in big cities trying to support herself and her family以及in 2016，after overcoming many difficulties可知，此处总结李子柒的经历，她自立自强不断奋斗（struggling）的精神。故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的人生经历所传达的独立和自力更生的奋斗精神，在国内外引起了极大的关注。A. drawn吸引；B. paid支付；C. needed需要；D. deserved值得。此句呼应上文her videos received huge amount of ，她的经历吸引（drawn）了国内外极大关注。故选A项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ First Chinese lanterns, ____36____ (invent) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, were used as lamps and for the worship of the Buddha. Lanterns became ____37____ (wide) known by common people, especially during the time of festivals. In the Tang Dynasty, lanterns were made in order to celebrate people’s ____38____ (peace) life and present China as a powerful country. The materials for ____39____(make)a lantern are very simple. Historically, bamboo, wood or wire ____40____ (be) used for the frame. The shade was made from delicate paper or silk. Lanterns were often decorated ____41____ Chinese calligraphy, painting and paper suiting.‎ While the earliest Chinese lanterns were created for practical use in the house, they eventually became a kind of decorations, ____42____ were mainly used on festivals. It has become a tradition that the streets both in big cities ____43____ small towns are filled with red lanterns during festivals.‎ The Lantern Festival is one of the best days ____44____ (view) Chinese lanterns in action.‎ The festival is viewed as the end to a series of New Year _____45_____ (celebration) and is celebrated with the release of floating and flying lanterns.‎ ‎【答案】36. invented ‎ ‎37. widely 38. peaceful ‎ ‎39. making 40. was ‎ ‎41. with 42. which ‎ ‎43. and 44. to view ‎ ‎45. celebrations ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了灯笼的来历，制作及其用途变化。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词invent在句中是非谓语动词，在句中作后置定语，修饰名词lanterns，和名词lanterns之间是被动关系，需用过去分词invented表示。故填invented。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子可知，形容词known需用副词修饰，wide是形容词，需转换为副词widely。故填widely。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词。分析句子可知，名词life前需用形容词修饰作定语，peace是名词，需转换为形容词peaceful。故填peaceful。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动名词。分析句子可知，介词for后需用动名词making作宾语。故填making。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“Historically”可知，本句描述历史上的状况，谓语要用一般过去时时态was/were，主语“bamboo, wood or wire”为or连接的三个名词，谓语的数要遵循就近原则，wire是单数形式，所以谓语也需用was体现单数。故填was。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查介词。分析句子可知，Be decorated with… 表示“用……做装饰”的意思，是固定搭配。故填with。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子可知，“were mainly used on festivals”在句中作定语，是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词decorations，先行词decorations在定语从句中作主语，指代物，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查并列连词。分析句子可知， “both… and...”为固定搭配，表示“两者都”的意思。故填and。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词view在句中是非谓语动词，在句中作后置定语，修饰名词days，名词days被形容词最高级the best修饰，后需用动词不定式to view作后置定语。故填to view。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。由“a series of 一系列”可知，后面需跟名词复数形式celebrations，表“一系列的庆祝活动”的意思。故填celebrations。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（满分15分）‎ ‎46. 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim打算暑假期间来中国学习中国画，希望你帮他联系一个国画培训班。请你给他回信，内容如下：‎ ‎1. 表示欢迎；‎ ‎2. 内容和时间；‎ ‎3. 学费及食宿。‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ I’m very glad to know that you are interested in Chinese painting and planning to take a short course in China this summer vacation.‎ There are many training courses on traditional Chinese painting, among which the summer camp held by the National Academy of Fine Arts is the best.‎ In this camp, you will learn basic skills of traditional Chinese painting in fifty days with lectures, observation and practice. The program charges a relatively modest fee—500 yuan a week. The camp is held in the Academy, so it is very convenient and cheap to eat and live on campus.‎ Hoping to see you soon!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信给朋友Jim介绍国画班的情况。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。‎ 体裁：信件应用文。‎ 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时为主。‎ 要点：1 欢迎Jim暑假期间来中国学习中国画；‎ ‎ 2 国画培训班信息：内容，时间，学费，食宿等 结构布局： ‎ ‎ 第一段：欢迎Jim暑假期间来中国学习中国画；‎ ‎ 第二段：国画班培训信息： 1一个月的国画基础班，学习绘画的基本技能，鉴赏国画；2 费用总共2000元；3 国画班在学校开办，学员食宿由学校提供。‎ ‎ 第三段： 期待相见。‎ 第二步：列重点词语，词组（注意好词的使用） ‎ 如：keen interest, participate in, customize, last from, have a good eye, in charge of等 第三步：连词成句（注意好句型的使用，如非谓语动词，复合句，注意拼写和时态问题） ‎ 如：I am glad to hear that you have a keen interest in Chinese painting and want to participate in a training course in China during this summer vacation.等 第四步：连句成篇（注意衔接词的使用） ‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, Finally, In the end, At last;‎ ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also);‎ ‎3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。‎ 第五步：润色修改。 ‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，要点齐全，语言规范，词数适当，段落分布合理。作者在文中较多使用主从复合句，如“I’m very glad to know that you are interested in Chinese painting and planning to take a short course in China this summer vacation.”使用的是宾语从句，“There are many training courses on traditional Chinese painting, among which the summer camp held by the National Academy of Fine Arts is the best.”使用的是which引导的非限制性定语从句，“The camp is held in the Academy, so it is very convenient and cheap to eat and live on campus.”使用的是so引导的并列句。主从复合句的使用，使得文章的句式灵活多变，为文章增加了色彩。‎ 第二节（满分25分）‎ ‎47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。‎ An anonymous (匿名的) person’s rude note was sent to a struggling neighbor. Prior to receiving the unpleasant letter last month, Randa Ragland and her family had been facing a variety of tough challenges. Her husband had lost his job; she had been diagnosed with some health issues; but worst of all, her 3-year-old son Jaxen had been ‎ diagnosed with stage IV neuroblastoma just before his birthday. Jaxen had already suffered seven surgeries and been hospitalized more than 20 times.‎ Being a desperate Mom, Ms. Ragland had to care for her little one attentively and tried to get in contact with the “best doctor in the world for this condition”. She and her husband travelled all the way state after state to give her little one a fighting chance. Exhausted and worn out, she found the sparkle (火花) of the hope for lighting the messy situation was to go out.‎ On top of all of this, she opened her mailbox in Pinson, Alabama, to find an unaddressed note from a neighbor criticizing her for the state of her lawn. The note said that since her yard had fallen into disrepair, its appearance was “affecting the resale value” of their homes and that Ragland needed to “do better.”‎ At first, she felt a little angry. But so much had been going on with her and her family. She just didn’t have the energy to be more negative.‎ She posted a photo of the note on Facebook as a means of encouraging her friends to have patience with their own neighbors because we never know what hardships someone might be going through.‎ 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。‎ Unexpectedly, her post was shared by dozens of people.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ms. Ragland had never met any of these people before in her life.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Unexpectedly, her post was shared by dozens of people. It spread throughout the community. The very next day, team of lawn care service members showed up to take care of her grass; dozens of volunteers showed up with tools to clear away the rubbish; and people brought groceries from the store, while others tidied up the house. All of these volunteers joined together to form a group dedicated to helping the Ragland family.‎ Ms. Ragland had never met any of these people be fore in her life. The compassion of the volunteers had an enormous impact to relieve her struggles. No one had imagined that the note to the struggling neighbor later sparked an outpouring of kindness from across the community and the country. Needless to say, Ms. Ragland was filled with so much gratitude and her life was actually lit up by the note.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。文章主要讲述拉格伦女士一家遇到了各种严峻的考验，丈夫失业，四岁儿子患上了神经母细胞瘤，自己身体不适，还要照顾儿子，为他寻医治疗，在这绝望的状态下，拉格伦女士收到了一封匿名信指责她不打理花园影响到了他们房子的售卖，拉格伦女士已经没精力变得更消极，她在网上公布这封信让她的朋友们对可能正在经历困难的邻居多点耐心。‎ ‎【详解】读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信息，不仅能读懂字面含义，还要理清文章的脉络。续篇这篇短文时，考生要搞清楚故事的发展进程、前因后果、地理位置、人物思想情感的变化等。在此基础上，考生要顺着文章的思路，根据线索，发挥想象，对其后的情节进行合理预测，并用语言表达出来，续写时注意词数应为150左右。‎ 这篇短文续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：出乎意料地，她的帖子被几十个人分享。由第二段给出的开头“Ms. Ragland had never met any of these people before in her life.”可知，拉格伦女士以前在她的人生中从没有遇见过这些人。第二段开头中的“these people”指代的是续写第一段的内容，由此可见，第一段在她的帖子被分享出去之后，出现了很多人来帮助拉格伦女士。所以接下来要详细写哪些人如何帮助拉格伦女士解决她遇到的问题。‎ 第二段开头是：拉格伦女士以前在她的人生中从没有遇见过这些人。由给出的段首句可知，这是拉格伦女士生活的转折点，这些人的帮助给她绝望的人生带来了希望。由此可见，为了和前文拉格伦女士绝望的生活态度形成对比，接下来本段应该要写拉格伦女士因为这封信和这些人重燃生活希望，感激这些善意的人们。‎ ‎【点睛】本文作者所续写内容符合文章的发展进程，情节合理，字数符合要求。作者在文中使用了复合句，非谓语动词结构，使得文章句式灵活多变，也展现了作者较高的英语句式驾驭功底。如 “All of these volunteers joined together to form a group dedicated to helping the Ragland family.”中使用了过去分词作定语，“No one had imagined that the note to the struggling neighbor later sparked an outpouring of kindness from across the community and the country.”中使用了宾语从句。此外，作者在文中较多使用高级词汇，如“showed up，dozens of，clear away，tidied up，dedicated to，had an enormous impact，sparked an outpouring”等，使得文章表达更准确生动。‎ ‎ ‎