【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit1Friendship单元学案设计（32页含有答案及解析）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit1Friendship单元学案设计（32页含有答案及解析）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit1 Friendship单元学案设计 ‎1. 与同伴讨论友谊和朋友的重要性，了解同学们的交友观；‎ ‎2. 重点掌握与促进友谊、提升人际关系相关的词汇、短语和句式。‎ What's friendship for a teenager? A partner who adds to your happiness? Upset to answer? You have got to calm yourself down. Set down a series of tips in order to find a true friend. He won't ignore or get tired of you on purpose when you suffer from pains. Even if he doesn't exactly disagree with you or even quarrels with you face to face, he won't dislike you. He will walk the dog with you on the highway at dusk and wash your overcoat and dusty curtains and pack them into the suitcase. You can get along well with him or her because you are grateful to him in that he joins in your daily life, which makes you recover from your pain. You may not fall in love with him but your heart will entirely settle down sooner or later.‎ ‎1. add to one's happiness 给某人增添快乐 ‎2. in order to do sth. 为了 ‎3. be grateful to sb. for sth. 因为某事对某人感激 ‎4. join in 加入 ‎1. 为了找到真正的朋友，你可以写一些小贴士。‎ Set down a series of tips in order to find a true friend. ‎ ‎2. 即使他不完全同意你的看法，或者会和你面对面吵架，他也不会不喜欢你。‎ Even if he doesn't exactly disagree with you or even quarrels with you face to face, he won't dislike you.‎ ‎3. 你可以跟他或她相处得很好，因为他和你的生活息息相关而让你心怀感恩之心。‎ You can get along well with him or her because you are grateful to him in that he joins in your daily life.‎ ‎★upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦 ‎★ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 ‎★calm vt. & vi. (使)平静；(使)镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 ‎ ‎★concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 ‎ n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系 ‎ ‎★power n. 能力；力量；权力 ‎★face to face 面对面地 ‎★partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 ‎★suffer vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 ‎ ‎★get/be tired of 对……厌烦 ‎ ‎★get along with 与……相处；进展 ‎ ‎★pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 ‎ ‎★fall in love 相爱；爱上 ‎★disagree vi. 不同意 ‎★grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的 ‎★dislike n. & vt.不喜欢；厌恶 ‎★join in 参加；加入 ‎★entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 ‎★dusty adj. 积满灰尘的 ‎★settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 ‎★recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得 ‎★exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地 一、重点单词需牢记 ‎1. upset vt. & vi. (upset, upset, upsetting)使不安；使心烦 adj. ‎ 心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的 upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼 be upset over/about/at sth. 为……感到不安 be upset by... 被……打乱 be upset that 为……感到不安 ‎ Don't upset yourself—no harm has been done.‎ 不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。 ‎ Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.‎ 她的到来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。‎ He was quite upset over/about her illness. ‎ 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。‎ ‎2. ignore vt.不理睬，忽视 ‎ I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.‎ 我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。 ‎ ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道 ignorant adj. (对某事物)不了解的；无知的；无学识的 ‎ be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事 ‎ be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到 ‎3. calm vt. & vi.(使)平静，(使)镇定 adj. 平静的，镇静的 calm down 平静下来 ‎ calm sb. down 使某人平静下来 Have a brandy—it'll help to calm you (down). ‎ 来点儿白兰地——它能使你平静下来。 ‎ calmly adv. 平静地；宁静地；沉着地 calm 指气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，指人“从容镇静”‎ quiet 指因无骚扰产生的“安静、无动静、无声响”‎ silent 指“寂静无音的、沉默无言的”或“一片静寂”‎ still 指“静止的、一动不动的、寂静的”，侧重于静止不动和完全无声，带有感情色彩。‎ ‎4. concern vt. & n．使担心，使不安；关于，关系到 be concerned about/for 对……担心 ‎ be concerned with涉及；论述 ‎ as/so far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言 ‎ concern oneself with/in/about sth. 关心某事，忙于某事 ‎ have no concern with...与……无关 We are rather concerned about father's health.‎ 我们相当担心父亲的健康。 ‎ The book is primarily concerned with Soviet－American relations ‎ during the Cold War. ‎ 这部书主要讲的是冷战时期的苏美关系。‎ ‎5. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居，安家；解决 settle down 镇定下来；居住下来 ‎ settle in 在……定居 settle into习惯于；适应于 ‎ settle down to sth. 专心致志于 Uncle George didn't settle down until he was nearly fifty.‎ 乔治叔叔一直到快五十岁时才安顿下来。‎ The family has settled in Canada. ‎ 这家人已定居加拿大。‎ How are the kids settling into their new school?‎ 孩子们在新学校习惯吗？ ‎ settlement n. 定居；定居点 settler n. 移居者；殖民者 ‎6. suffer vt. & vi. 遭受，蒙受， 经历；受苦，患病；(常用于否定句)忍受 suffer from 遭受，蒙受 She's suffering from loss of memory. ‎ 她患有遗忘症。‎ Our city suffered serious damage from the hurricane.‎ 我市因飓风遭到严重破坏。‎ During the war they suffered many hardships.‎ 他们在战争期间吃了许多苦头。‎ This would cause great hardship and suffering.‎ 这将造成极大的艰难困苦。‎ She bore her sufferings bravely.‎ 她勇敢地忍受着苦难。‎ suffering n．(身体，精神上的)痛苦，苦恼；令人痛苦的事 二、重点短语需精通 ‎1. add up (to)合计 The figures add up to 137.‎ 这些数目加起来总和是137。 ‎ add to增添；增加；增进 ‎ add...to... 把……增添到…… ‎ If you add 4 to 3 you get 7. ‎ 四加三得七。‎ I would like to add that we are pleased with the test result. ‎ 我还要补充一下，我们对测试结果很满意。‎ I don't want to add to your troubles.‎ 我不想给你添麻烦。 ‎ ‎2. get sth. done 让别人做某事/使得某事被做 After work，she got changed and went dancing with her family. ‎ 下班后，她换好衣服同家人一起去跳舞。‎ He talks loudly and fast，and waves his hands about a lot when he gets excited. ‎ 他讲话声音洪亮，语速很快，当他激动时经常四处挥舞他的双手。‎ get sb./sth. doing使某人/某事物……起来 get sb. to do sth.使/让某人做某事 get done (状态的改变)get作系动词，相当于be Don't get Tony waiting for you outside all the time.‎ 不要让托尼一直在外面等着。‎ Our teacher got us to finish our homework.‎ 老师让我们完成我们的作业。 ‎ get hurt 受伤　　　　get killed 遇难 ‎ get broken 破了 get lost 丢掉，迷路 ‎ get tired 累了 get dressed 穿衣 ‎ ‎3. go through经历；经受；(仔细)检查；通过；浏览；用完，做完 The country has gone through too many wars. ‎ 这个国家经历了太多的战争。 ‎ They went through our luggage at the customs.‎ 海关人员仔细检查了我们的行李。 ‎ The rope is too thick to go through the hole.‎ 绳子太粗，穿不过这个孔。 ‎ We spent several days going through all related reference materials. ‎ 我们花了几天时间查了所有的相关资料。 ‎ I can't go through with this performance, I'm so nervous.‎ 我无法完成这场表演，我好紧张。‎ ‎4. in order to为了……‎ He has to get up early in order to catch the first bus. ‎ 为了赶上头班车他不得不早起。 ‎ in order to意为“目的是，为了(引导目的状语)”，可位于句首或句中；so as to意为“为了，以便”，也可引导目的状语，不能放在句首，只能位于句中。它们的否定式均为在to前加not。‎ She arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.‎ 她早早到场，以便找个好位置。 ‎ In order to get a complete picture, further information is needed. ‎ 为掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。 ‎ Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby up.‎ 悄悄进去，别把宝宝吵醒。‎ 三、重点句式能熟用 ‎1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.当你在遛狗的时候，你不小心松开了它，结果它被车撞了。‎ 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。 ‎ While (she was)walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song. ‎ 她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。‎ If (it is) heated, water can be turned into vapour.‎ 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。 ‎ 当从句的主语是it, 且谓语动词是be或包含be的某种形式时，it和be常可同时省略。 ‎ If (it /is)possible / necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt.‎ 如果可能/必要的话，将重修这座古庙。 ‎ There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are)any. ‎ 我们学校图书馆有书，但不多。 ‎ ‎2. I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for ‎ so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故。我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 ‎ 句中it's...that...是强调结构。强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他成分”。强调句型可以用来强调除谓语以外的各种成分。 ‎ It was on Monday night that all this happened.‎ ‎(强调时间状语)这一切都发生在周一晚上。‎ It was Mary that/who I met in the street.‎ ‎(强调宾语)我在街上遇见的是玛丽。‎ It was I that/who met Mary in the street.‎ ‎(强调主语)是我在街上遇见了玛丽。‎ It was in the street that I met Mary.‎ ‎(强调地点状语)我是在街上遇见的玛丽。‎ ‎【注意】(1)判断方法：将It is/was...that/who...去掉，看剩下部分是否仍然完整。若完整，则是强调句型；若不完整，则为某种从句。‎ ‎(2)强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎3. ... it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……‎ It/That/This was (would be)the first (second, third...)time＋that从句(过去完成时)。‎ It/ This/ That is (will be)the first/second time＋that从句 (现在完成时)。‎ It was the second time that she had visited London. ‎ 这是她第二次游览伦敦。‎ It is the first time that I have seen such a big watermelon. ‎ 这是我第一次见这么大的西瓜。 ‎ ‎【注意】如果time前有last修饰，一般不用完成时态。‎ ‎(1)该句型的反意疑问部分为isn't it或wasn't it。‎ ‎(2)It is(high)＋time＋从句[用一般过去时或should(should 不能省略)＋动词原形]。‎ ‎(3)the first time意为“第一次”，用作连词引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎(4)for the first time意为“第一次”，用作介词短语，单独作状语，不接从句。‎ 四、话题写作多积累 训练一：写建议信 建议信是向收信人对某事提出写信人的建议和忠告。建议信有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织和机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。建议信要写出写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由，提出的理由要入情入理，语气一定要礼貌当先。因此建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。‎ 第一段：交代所建议针对的背景事件，说明写该信的目的。应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。千万注意不要让别人以为你是在投诉，而不是提建议。‎ 第二段：具体阐述自己的建议并说明理由。理由可以一次列出，尽量不少于两条，以使得所给出的理由更充分，更有说服力。针对该事所存在的可能发生的不良后果提出建议，引出对建议的具体阐述。‎ 第三段：虽然自己给出的建议对方未必接受，但是写信者也要衷心地表达良好的祝愿和期望。‎ 注意：在写建议信的整个过程中都要注意有礼貌，这样收信人读了你的建议信之后才有可能意识到你的出发点是为他着想的，从而更有可能接受你的建议。‎ ‎(1)表达“建议”的常用句型：‎ I would like to suggest that...‎ As far as I am concerned.../In my opinion...‎ If I were you, I would...‎ It seems to me that you could...‎ ‎(2)建议信结尾常用语：‎ I think it would be more beneficial if you could...‎ I believe you will take my advice into consideration.‎ I hope you will find these suggestions useful.‎ I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.‎ I will be ready for further discussing this matter into details.‎ Dear ________，‎ I am______. Your collection of suggestion on______is ______. As is known，________. My suggestions are________：‎ First，________. (People can________．)‎ Second, (to make economic profits，)________．‎ Third，________. (As many of them________．)‎ ‎【例1】(1)用upset的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎①The food__upset__my stomach.‎ ‎②She felt rather__upset__on hearing the news. ‎ ‎③Is it an__upsetting__message?‎ ‎④Don't be__upset__. It will be OK.‎ ‎(2)使用恰当的介词填空 She was completely upset about/over her carelessness because she lost the necklace borrowed from her friend.‎ upset的过去式和过去分词相同，均为upset，且其本身是一个兼类词，作形容词的时候也是upset。‎ ‎【例2】用ignore的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎(1)He__ignored__the speed limit and drove very fast.‎ ‎(2)I am embarrassed by my complete__ignorance__of history.‎ ‎(3)People don't like to ask questions for fear of appearing __ignorant__.‎ ‎【例3】翻译句子 ‎①天空碧蓝，海上风平浪静。‎ The__sky__is__blue,__and__the__sea__is__calm.‎ ‎②他在乡间过着安静的生活。 ‎ He__had__a__quiet__life__in__the__countryside.‎ ‎③房子里空无一人，寂静无声。 ‎ The__house__is__empty__and__silent.‎ ‎④万籁俱寂。‎ All__sounds__are__still.__‎ calm是一个典型的兼类词，应该根据语法常识判断其在句中的词性。这几个形容词虽然各有“静”意，但是也各有侧重，使用之前必须了解它们各自在什么语境下使用。‎ ‎【例4】(1)用concern的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎①There is an article that__concerns__the rise of the prices. ‎ ‎②The children are rather__concerned__about their mother's health. ‎ ‎③Officials should__concern__themselves with public affairs. ‎ ‎(2)单句改错 The meeting was concerned about reforms and all present were concerned for their own interests. ‎ about__改为with concern既可作动词，也可作名词。用作动词时，经常用其系表结构。而concerning 是一个介词，意为“关于”；concerned 是一个形容词，意为“有关的；担心的”。She showed a great deal of concern for her son's illness.‎ 她非常担心她儿子的病情。I have no concern with the company. ‎ 我和该公司没有任何关联。‎ ‎【例5】根据汉语意思完成句子 ‎(1)He__settled__his child__in__(安顿在)a corner of the compartment. ‎ ‎(2)The new law is partly intended __to__settle__the__problem__ (解决……问题)of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel.‎ ‎(3)I sorted out my mail, and then __settled__down__to__some__serious__work__ (开始做一些严肃的工作). ‎ settler是指早期到达一个地方定居拓荒的人，早期乘五月花号船为躲避政治迫害而到达美洲大陆的那一批英国人属于settler之列。而immigrant是指一个国家成立后，从外国到这个国家定居的移民，20世纪初大量涌入美国的意大利人就属于immigrant之列。‎ ‎【例6】根据汉语意思完成句子 ‎(1)Those__who__suffer__from__headaches__ (那些头痛的人)will find they get relief from this medicine.‎ ‎(2)He__suffered__much__difficulty__ (受过许多苦难)before he became a football star.‎ ‎(3)The Republican Party once __suffered__a__huge__defeat__ (遭到惨败)in the polls.‎ suffer 作及物动词时，后面常跟pain/ loss/ punishment/ hardship/ injustice(不公正)/ defeat/ insult(侮辱)；作不及物动词时，常与from连用，意为“受……折磨”，“患……病”，其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦，如： cold/ headaches/ heart trouble/ overwork/ floods/ droughts。‎ ‎【例1】用add有关短语的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎(1)He wrote down the weight of each stone and then__added__up__all the weights.‎ ‎(2)That is the very coin I need to__add__to__my collection.‎ ‎(3)He__added__some wood__to__increase the fire. ‎ add up与add up to的用法区别在于，add up的主语通常为人，而add up to的主语多为事或物，且不用于被动语态。‎ ‎【例2】(1)根据汉语意思完成句子 ‎ ‎①讲解后，老师让我们思考问题。‎ Shortly after the explanation, the teacher got us __thinking. ‎ ‎②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。‎ We will get a new suit__made__for you. ‎ ‎③她试图使他说话。‎ She tried to get him__to__talk．‎ ‎(2)用所给词的适当形式填空 Alexander tried to get his work__recognized(recognize)in the medical circles.‎ get sth. done是“让别人做某事”，即“使得某事被做”， get为使役动词，表示“使；促使”，done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与sth.有逻辑上的动宾关系，这与have sth. done句型的用法一样。‎ ‎【例3】根据句意，在横线上写出go through 的含义 ‎(1)The stream goes through the field behind our house.流过 ‎ ‎(2)He went through the forest for the missing girl.穿过 ‎(3)We have all gone through the required entrance exams. 通过 ‎(4)She went through his jackets and eventually found the keys.仔细检查 ‎ ‎【例4】一句多“译” ‎ 他努力学习，以赶上他的同学。‎ ‎(1)He works hard so__that/in__order__that__he could keep up with his classmates. ‎ ‎(2)He works hard in__order__to/__so__as__to keep up with his classmates. ‎ ‎(3)In__order__to__keep up with his classmates, he works hard.‎ so that, in order that 引导目的状语从句时，从句中需加情态动词may, might, could, can等。在使用in order to/ so as to时，不定式动作的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。‎ ‎【例1】用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎(1)Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared__(compare)to such art forms as music and painting. ‎ ‎(2)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied (accompany)by an adult. ‎ ‎(3)When crossing__(cross)the street, you should be careful. ‎ 当所给的词为动词时，判断动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系有助于迅速确定答案，即主动使用现在分词，被动使用过去分词。‎ 状语从句同时具备下列两个条件： ①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句谓语动词是be的某种形式。‎ ‎【例2】使用强调结构完成句子 ‎(1)It__was__playing__computer__games__that (就是玩电脑游戏)cost the boy a lot of time he should have spent on his lessons. ‎ ‎(2)It__was__I__who/that (就是我)was to blame. ‎ ‎(3)It__was__in__the__museum__that (就是在博物馆)I first met him.‎ ‎(4)It__was__at__three__o'clock__that__ (就是在三点钟)I got home. ‎ 被强调的部分是人时，连词可用that或who；其他一律用that。在句型“It is/ was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”中，只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till，until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，且使用正常语序。‎ ‎【例3】根据汉语意思完成句子 ‎(1)这是我最后一次问你要钱。‎ This was the__last__time that I had asked you for the money.‎ ‎(2)是发表这篇文章的时候了。‎ It's high__time__that the article were/should be published.‎ ‎(3)对初次到伦敦的学生们来说，下面哪一个提供了最可靠的信息呢？‎ For students going/who go to London for__the__first__time,__which of the following provides the most reliable information?‎ ‎(4)第一次给旅行团讲解时，我心情很不好。‎ I felt bad the__first__time I talked to a tour group. ‎ ‎(2018届江苏南京质检)‎ 为了更好地了解中学生课外阅读状况，最近你校分别对初中和高中学生进行了一次问卷调查。以下是调查的部分结果。‎ 调查内容 初中生 高中生 喜欢阅读的材料 幽默故事、卡通杂志 通俗小说、科幻小说、经典作品 每年阅读5本以上人数比例 ‎21%‎ ‎37%‎ 课外阅读少的原因 作业太多，没时间 ‎　　假设你是李华，请给China Daily 的编辑写一封信，简述以上调查结果，并就目前中学生课外阅读状况发表你自己的看法和建议。‎ 注意： 1. 词数：120 左右； ‎ ‎2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Editor，‎ Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading habits of middle school students. ‎ When asked what they like to read, junior students said they prefer jokes, stories and cartoon magazines, while senior students like to read pop novels, science fiction and classic works. The survey also shows that only 21 percent of the junior students and 37 percent of the senior students read more than 5 books per year. As for why they read so little, nearly all the students questioned said they have no time to do after－class reading because they have to do endless homework.‎ Undoubtedly, after－class reading does help with our study and can greatly enrich our life. We students should be given more time to read, and of course, less homework to do. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua 第一段：先明确调查的对象是中学生，调查的项目是他们的课外阅读状况。‎ 第二段：呈现调查结果和内容，从三个角度体现出不同，分别是：‎ ‎1. 喜欢阅读的材料；‎ ‎2. 每年阅读5本以上人数比例；‎ ‎3. 课外阅读少的原因。‎ 通过调查发现初中生更喜欢幽默故事、卡通杂志，而高中生喜欢通俗小说、科幻小说、经典作品，且每年阅读5本以上的人数比例有一定差别。‎ 第三段：结合调查结果给出建议，既要考虑到学生的首要任务是完成学业，也要就丰富学生的课余知识给出合理的建议。‎ 计策1：找逻辑主语 计策2：判断主动还是被动 考向二　在阅读理解中考查“友谊”到“人际关系”‎ ‎(2018浙江卷一，A)‎ When I was in fourth grade, I worked part－time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. She'd watch me coming down her street, and by the time I'd biked up to her doorstep, there'd be a cold drink waiting. I'd sit and drink while she talked.‎ Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning.” she'd say. The first time she said that, soda(汽水)went up my nose.‎ I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen ‎ and nod my head and smile, and maybe she'd work__it__out__of__her__system. So that's what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地)．‎ I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn't see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund－raiser(募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she'd had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.‎ I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I'm doing. When I don't say “fine”， she sticks around to hear my problems. She's lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn't so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you're doing because they care, and not because they're getting paid to do so. Sometimes it's good to just smile, nod your head and listen. ‎ ‎1. Why did soda go up the author's nose one time?‎ A. He was talking fast.　　 B. He was shocked.‎ C. He was in a hurry. D. He was absent－minded.‎ ‎2. Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley according to Paragraph 3?‎ A. He enjoyed the drink.‎ B. He wanted to be helpful.‎ C. He took the chance to rest.‎ D. He tried to please his dad.‎ ‎3. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system”？‎ A. recover from her sadness B. move out of the neighborhood C. turn to her old friends D. speak out about her past ‎4. What does the author think people in a community should do?‎ A. Open up to others.　 B. Depend on each other.‎ C. Pay for others' help. D. Care about one another. ‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在当报童时遇到一位终日悲伤的顾客。作者总是与她聊天，帮助她走出悲伤。 ‎ ‎1. B　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话可知当作者第一次听Stanley夫人说到自己与已经去世的丈夫购物时，肯定会感到非常惊讶。‎ ‎2. B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，作者坐下来倾听Stanley夫人说话的目的是为了陪她，给她解解闷，安慰她，使她早日走出悲伤。‎ ‎3. A　词义猜测题。前一句提到作者坐下来倾听Stanley夫人说话的目的是为了给她解闷，使她早日走出悲伤，由此可以判断work it out of her system意为“从悲伤中恢复过来”。‎ ‎4. D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话可知，作者认为有时候对别人点点头，微笑一下或者停下来倾听别人都是有好处的。‎ 考向一　在语法填空中设题 ‎(2018浙江卷一)‎ You need to really read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while ______ (read)an interesting piece of literature.‎ ‎【答案】reading　考查非谓语动词。当你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的时候可以提高你的词汇量，read的逻辑主语是you，两者之间是主动关系，所以使用动词的－ing形式。while reading相当于while you are reading。‎ ‎“人际关系类”阅读理解解题技巧 人际关系包括师生关系 ‎ ‎、父子关系、同学关系、朋友关系等，常指人与人交往关系的总称。该类语篇以记叙文为主。为了突出人物，往往通过事件渲染不同人物的特点，再通过不同人物之间的关系交织呈现一个故事，多为蕴含生活真理的故事。分析这类文章时有两个计策。‎ 计策1：花开两朵，各表一枝 即抓住文章中两个主角各自的主线，然后将其交织得出文章想要表达的中心。在本文中，可以这样展开分析： ‎ 人物 I Stanley 活动 Paperboy，her doorstep，shocked，listen and nod，church，fund－raiser customers, sit and drink and talked, her dead husband，leave her husband，life went on 交织 she had friends because of my company 影响 I and my paperboy are good to just smile, nod our head and listen. ‎ 计策2：紧抓作者的情感线索 该话题的文章多数以第一人称为主，抓住作者的情感，以此为树干再结合可能涉及的其他人的活动，最后回到主题。例如本文中除了作者之外，还涉及了另外三个人：‎ I Others & their actions kind, shocked but listened，‎ surprised Stanley ‎ talked mostly about her dead husband，a new look puzzled，understanding Dad gave reasonable advice older and faced with problems Edna sticks around to hear my problems it's good to just smile, nod your head and listen.‎ 一、词汇拓展 ‎ ‎1. add vt.增加→ __addition__ n．增加物 ‎2. ignore vt.不理睬，忽视 →__ignorance__ n. 忽视；不理睬 ‎3. calm adj. 平静的；镇静的 → __calmness__ n．平静 ‎4. concern vt.涉及；关系到→ __concerned__ adj. 关心的；挂念的 ‎5. entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地 → __entire__ adj. 完全的；全然的entirely＝completely＝totally＝wholly adv.完全地；彻底地 ‎6. power n．能力；力量；权力→ __powerful__ adj.有权力的 ‎7. settle vi. & vt.安家；定居；停留→ settlement n．安顿→ settler n. 定居者；殖民者 ‎8. suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；经历；忍受→ suffering n. 苦难，痛苦 ‎9. recover vt.& vi.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→ recovery n．恢复 ‎10. pack vt.& vi. 捆扎；包装→ package n．包裹 ‎11. exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切→ exact adj. 确切的 ‎12. disagree vi.不同意 → disagreement n．不同意 ‎13. grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的 → gratitude n. 感激；感谢 二、单句语法填空 ‎ ‎1. The mother is concerned (concern)about her son who studies abroad. ‎ ‎2. I can't make a judgment on this idea until I have understood it ‎ entirely(entire). ‎ ‎3. Please take off your dusty (dust)clothes and throw them into the washing machine.‎ ‎4. Sometimes a smile is so__powerful__(power)that it can change a person's life. ‎ ‎5. How wonderful! What you said is__exactly__(exact)what I was thinking! ‎ ‎6. The____curtains(curtain)were suddenly drawn and a bright light poured in through the window. ‎ ‎7. Mr. Li__settled__ (settle)in America three years ago. ‎ 动词时态的选择除了看句中的时间状语，还可以根据语境进行判断。8. People__suffered__(suffer)a lot during the World War Ⅱ. ‎ ‎9. She__packed__(pack)all her belongings into a suitcase. ‎ ‎10. It took him half a year__to__recover__(recover)from his leg injury. ‎ ‎11. Many __teenagers__(teenager)are spending too much time on computer games. ‎ ‎12. Here are some tips__(tip)for you to improve your spoken English.‎ ‎13. His parents____disagreed__(disagree)with his plan to go swimming, which made him unhappy. ‎ ‎14. He was surprised at her__calmness__(calm)in face of danger. ‎ ‎15. If you don't stop__gossiping__(gossip)about others, you'll lose most of your friends.‎ ‎16. He suggests that anyone who dislikes__(dislike)the idea drop the game immediately.‎ ‎17. Firstly, smoking is harmful to the smokers; secondly__(second), it causes second hand smoke.‎ ‎18. Actually you don't need to set down too many__items__(item)．‎ ‎19. Mrs. Brown gave me so much help, so I am very grateful__to__her. ‎ ‎20. Tony swapped his basketball__for__a toy car. ‎ 三、用短语的适当形式填空 go through, face to face, pack up, suffer from, get(be)tired of, on purpose, a series of, fall in love, recover from, get along well with, settle down, no longer, join in, disagree with, (be)grateful to ‎1. According to the latest survey, many people are__suffering__from heart disease. ‎ ‎2. I__get/am__tired__of__watching TV; let's go for a walk. ‎ ‎3. Have you__packed__your brother's things__up?‎ ‎4. It took the rest of the winter for her to recover__from__her heart operation. ‎ ‎5. The children were noisy but they settle__down now.‎ ‎6. Try to communicate more with your new classmates if you want ‎ to __get__along__well__with__them.‎ ‎7. John__no__longer__works here; he left about a year ago.‎ ‎8. Anyone who breaks the school rules __on__purpose__will surely be punished.‎ ‎9. This troop has gone__through__a lot of cruel wars but remains powerful.‎ ‎10. It would be dull if you just set down a__series__of__facts in your diary. ‎ ‎11. They__joined__us__in__the discussion on how to stop global warming. ‎ ‎12. It is natural that he should__fall__in__love__with such a beautiful girl. ‎ ‎13. We__disagree__with__you on this point of making friends. ‎ ‎14. I am really very__grateful__to__you for your advice. ‎ ‎15. I went into the room and found myself__face__to__face__with him.‎ 四、课文回顾 Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. It was because her family was Jewish 1.that they had to hide or they would be 2.caught (catch)by the German Nazis. During that time she wasn't able to be outdoors for so long that she 3.grew (grow)so crazy about everything to do with nature. One evening, she stayed awake on ‎ purpose to have a good look at the moon by 4.herself (she), but she didn't dare open a window. Another time she happened to be upstairs at dusk 5.when the window was open. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held her 6.entirely (entire)in their power. It was the first time in a year and a half that she had seen the night face to face. Anne felt very lonely without 7.seeing (see)her old friends, so she had to make 8.a new friend, her diary Kitty, whom she could tell everything to. 9.Sadly (sad), at last, her family 10.were__discovered (discover)and caught by the German Nazis.‎ be concerned about ‎＝be worried about ‎＝be concerned with discover v. 发现 discovery n. 发现 disappear v. 消失； 不见 discourage v. 使气馁 so...that...意为 “如此……以至于……”，so与that之间是形容词或者副词时必须使用原级。‎ 名词的数可以利用常见修饰词进行判断，例如some 或者many等。‎ too many 意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数，eg: too many students too much 意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词，eg: too much money much too 表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词，eg: much too expensive be/get tired of 对……厌倦 be tired from 因……疲倦 be tired with 因……而疲劳 be tired out ……疲倦极了 cruel adj. 残忍的 be grateful to sb. for sth. 因为某事而感激某人 Key words: ‎ Jewish hide be caught grow crazy about stay awake happen to hold...in their power feel lonely be discovered