2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit4AstronomyThescienceofthestars单元复习学案（7页）

2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit4AstronomyThescienceofthestars单元复习学案（7页）

Unit 4 Astronomy: The science of the stars单元复习学案 一．知识回顾 I.重点词汇及短语 ‎1.太阳系_____________________ 2.及时；终于___________________ ‎ ‎3.下蛋 ______________________ 4.产生；分娩____________________‎ ‎5.轮到某人；接着_______________ 6.阻止；制止 ___________________ ‎ ‎7..挡住（光线）___________________ 8.感到高兴；感到振奋 _____________ ‎ ‎9.既然 _______________________ 10.突发；爆发 __________________ ‎ ‎11.密切注视；当心；提防 ____________ 12.开始存在；产生________________ ‎ ‎13.当着某人的面_____________________ 14.对……有害_____________________‎ II.词汇运用 ‎1. presence ‎①He apologized to her _________________ the whole family. （当着家人的面）‎ ‎②All the people ___________ at the party were his supporters.‎ A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important ‎③The Grammy Awards _____________every year in the music industry in the United States.(授予; 给予)‎ ‎④Please allow me to _______Mr. Brown _______you.(介绍，引见)‎ ‎⑤出席________________ 提出自己的观点_____________________‎ ‎2. harmful ‎①Don’t read in the sun, for it’s _______________________________(对你的眼睛有害)‎ ‎②对某人有害___________________________________________‎ ‎3. exist ‎①.做这种手术的技术早已存在 ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②. When did the world ______ ______ ______________？(开始形成)‎ ‎4. in time ‎ ‎①If you catch the early bus, you will get there_______________(及时)‎ ‎②Keep on working, and you will succeed __________________(终究)‎ ‎5. prevent …from ; stop /keep…from ‎①Something must be done to ________the environment___________________(防止污染).‎ ‎②She ___________ her eyes_______(保护)the sun with her hands.‎ ‎③You should prevent your son _______ too many computer games A to play B playing C play D from play ‎6.cheer up ‎ ‎①____________a bit, things aren’t that bad.‎ ‎②The crowd ________the runners _________(为……加油鼓励)when they started the last lap.‎ ‎7.break out ‎①介、副词填空 ‎(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.‎ ‎(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.‎ ‎(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.‎ ‎(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?‎ ‎(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.‎ ‎(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.‎ ‎②----Do you know when the Anti-Japanese War________?‎ ‎-----Of course. As a Chinese, I’ll never forget that day: July7,1937.‎ A broke out B broke up C broke in D broke off ‎③If Mike carries on working like this, he’ll ______sooner or later.‎ A put down B get down C break down D go down ‎⒏ now that ‎ ‎①既然你恢复健康了，你可以继续你的工作了。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②____________you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it A. now that B. after C Although D As soon as ‎ ‎⒐ in one’s turn ‎①We protect the environment and __________it benefits us a lot.(转而; 反过来)‎ ‎②We drove the cars ________________(轮流)‎ ‎③We took turns ______________the car (轮流)‎ ‎10.too … to…… ‎ ‎①One is never too old to learn.(英译汉)‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②I am too eager to go home. (英译汉)‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎⒒ set out ‎ ‎①They set out on a sightseeing tour. (英译汉) ________________________________________‎ ‎②They set out to examine the ship. (英译汉) _________________________________________‎ ‎12. watch out ‎①______ ______(当心)！ There is a car coming!‎ ‎②______ ______ ______(当心 )cars while crossing the road.‎ ‎③______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 当心别着凉。‎ III. 巩固练习 ‎1). 单词拼写 1. The computer s_________ has broken down.‎ 2. We should try our best to apply _______（理论）to practice.‎ 3. The _____________（气氛）of the meeting is very friendly.‎ 4. She is u_______ her mother; she is tall and her mother is very short.‎ 5. Wide differences of character e______ even in children of the same family.‎ ‎2). 单句改错 1. An ugly building blocked up the view from the window.__________________________‎ 2. You have to watch out the heavy traffic while crossing the road._______________________‎ 3. People often wear sunglasses to prevent their eyes from strong light.____________________‎ 4. Your presence at the meeting made this possible to have a further discussion.______________‎ 5. That worried us much that so many students failed in the exam._____________________‎ ‎3). 句型转换 1. These small plants filled the seas with oxygen encouraging the later development of early shellfish.‎ These small plants filled the seas with oxygen, _________ __________ the later development of early shellfish.‎ 2. We are so far from the earth that we can’t feel the pull from the earth.‎ ‎ We are _______far from the earth ___ ___________ the pull from the earth.‎ 3 The well-known scientist came up with a theory that was widely accepted.‎ The well-known scientist came up with a _____ __________ theory.‎ ‎4. Since I am free now, I can enjoy music for a while.‎ ‎______ _______ I am free now, I can enjoy music for a while.‎ ‎5. He studied hard. As a result, he got high marks.‎ He studied hard, ________ he got high marks.‎ IV.英译汉 ‎1. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere, into the oceans and seas.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and moon larger.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. We watched amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________‎ V. 完形填空 Dear Ann,‎ ‎ I don’t get along well with my mother. It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a(n) 1 , it turns into an argument. We talk about something as 2 as dinner plans or travel plans. And 3 , my mother will make a remark pushing the chat into World War III. She’ll talk about my lack of a(n) 4 future because I don’t plant to be a doctor. And much to her 5 , I don’t want to do any job related to the science field either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I 6 ‎ to major in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.‎ ‎ “Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” She’ll 7 all the time. Her co-worker’s son 8 a four-year scholarship in college. Now he is 9 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to 10 except that I simply can’t be like Mr Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to 11 in the community, write until the sun goes down, and 12 , wants to achieve a career because I love it . I don’t want to do a job just for fame or 13 .‎ I understand why my mother is 14 my future majors. I’ve seen my mother 15 to raise me on her little salary（工资）and long hours. She 16 the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 or even 6 pm. 17 , I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll 18 be successful. I’d rather follow my 19 and create my own future.‎ Dear Ann, could you give me some 20 ? I do want to solve this problem.‎ Sincerely ‎ ‎ Tony ‎1．A．suggestion B．agreement C．conversation D．discussion ‎2．A．simple B．unnecessary C．basic D．important ‎ ‎3．A．scarcely B．fortunately C．directly D．suddenly ‎4．A．immediate B．bright C．clear D．different ‎ ‎5．A．disappointment B．surprise C．amusement D．regret ‎ ‎6．A．pretended B．continued C．refused D．planned ‎7．A．guess B．whisper C．complain D．state ‎8．A．started B．received C．examined D．developed ‎9．A．finding B．giving C．expecting D．earning ‎10．A．answer B．compare C．change D．want ‎11．A．take off B．cheer up C．help out D．show off ‎12．A．on all sides B．most of all C．in the end D．on the contrary ‎13．A．pleasure B．award C．power D．money ‎14．A．fond of B．interested in C．worried about D．angry at ‎ ‎15．A．decide B．struggle C．work D．hope ‎16．A．observes B．checks C．cleans D．leaves ‎17．A．Usually B．Also C．However D．Therefore ‎ ‎18．A．surely B．luckily C．specially D．unexpectedly ‎19．A．voices B．dreams C．steps D．words ‎20．A．advice B．abilities C．examples D．time VI阅读理解 We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech. ‎ ‎ So, you have to give a speech - and you’re terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it’s over. I’m just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again. ”‎ ‎ Cheer up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Look at them directly into their eyes. Don’t talk over their heads (keep in mind that the concepts of relativism(相对论) are rarely understood), and don’t talk down to them (“who invented the telephone” is not a friendly question). Speak loud enough in order that everyone hears you clearly unless there is a microphone. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness. ‎ ‎ Just remember: be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality ‎ come through so that you make person-to -person contact with your audience. ‎ ‎ If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens. ‎ ‎1. The main idea of this article is _________. ‎ ‎ A. you can improve your speaking ability B. a poor speaker can never change ‎ ‎ C. always make a short speech D. it is hard to make a speech ‎ ‎2. Paragraph 2 implies that ________. ‎ ‎ A. many people are afraid of giving a speech B. many people are happy to give a speech ‎ ‎ C. many people do not prepare for a speech D. many people talk too long ‎ ‎3. The phrase “talk over their heads” means ________. ‎ ‎ A. speak too loudly B. look at the ceiling ‎ ‎ C. look down upon them D. use words and ideas that are too difficult ‎ ‎4. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that ___________. ‎ A. few people know how to make good speeches B. a lecturer does not need to organize his speech ‎ C. research is important in preparing a speech ‎ D. there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability ‎ ‎5. The title for this passage may be _______. ‎ A. Do Not Make a Long Speech B. Try to Enjoy a Speech C. How to Prepare for a Speech D. How to Give a Good Speech 答案：‎ I.1.solar system ； 2. in time 3.lay eggs; 4.give birth to; 5.in one’s turn,; 6.prevent….. from;7. block out 8.cheer up； 9.now that； 10.break out； 11. watch out； 12.come into existence； 13.in one’s presence； 14. be harmful to/do harm to ‎ II.1. 1.in the presence of 2.A 3.are presented 4. present to 5. at present; present one’s view ‎2. 1.harmful to your eyes 2. do harm to ‎ ‎3. 1.The technology for performing these operations already exists.2.come into existence ‎4. 1.in time 2. in time ‎5. 1.prevent from being polluted 2. protected from 3.B ‎6. 1.cheer up 2. cheer up ‎7. 1. (1)off (2) up (3) down (4) out (5) down (6) up 2. A 3. C ‎ ‎8. 1.Now that you are well again, you can go on with your work. 2.A ‎9. 1. in turn 2. by turns 3. to drive /at driving ‎ ‎10.1.活到老，学到老。2.我很想回家。‎ ‎11. 1.他们动身出去观光旅行 2.他们着手检查那条船。‎ ‎12. 1. Watch out 2.Watch out for 3.Be careful ; Take care III.1). 1. system； theory； atmosphere ； unlike ； exist ‎ ‎ 2). 1.up改为 out 2.out 后加for 3.prevent 改为protect 4.this改为 it ‎ ‎5.That 改为 it ‎3). 1.which encouraged 2.too; to 3.widely-accepted 4.Now that 5.thus IV.1. 它使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里 ‎2. 他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去 ‎3. 在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。‎ ‎4.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着（身后的）地球越来越小，而（前方的）月球越来越大。‎ ‎5.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球的引力增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。‎ V. 1—5: CADBA 6—10: DCBDA 11—15: CBDCB 16—20: DCABA VI. 1—5 AADBD