2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection复习学案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection复习学案

Unit 4 Wildlife protection复习学案 话题诵读 日积月累 ‎[导语]　世界自然基金会(WWF)是在全球享有盛誉的、最大的独立的非政府的环境保护组织之一，自1961年成立以来，WWF一直致力于环保事业，拥有全世界将近520万的支持者和一个在100多个国家活跃着的网络。‎ 北部白犀牛　　　　小嘴狐猴 World Wildlife Fund For more than 45 years，World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has been protecting the future of nature.The largest multinational conservation organization in the world，WWF works in more than 100 countries and is supported by 1.2 million members in the United States and close to 5.2 million globally.WWF's unique way of working combines global reach with a foundation in science，involves action at every level，from local to global，and ensures the delivery of innovative (创新的) solutions that meet the needs of both people and nature.‎ WWF's mission is the conservation of nature.Using the best scientific knowledge available and advancing that knowledge，it works to preserve the diversity and abundance (丰富) of life on the ‎ earth and the health of ecological systems (生态系统)．WWF safeguards hundreds of species around the world，but it focuses special attention on the flagship species: giant pandas，tigers，polar bears，endangered whales (鲸) and dolphins，rhinos，elephants，marine turtles and great apes (大猩猩)．These species not only need special measures and extra protection in order to survive，they also serve as umbrella species: helping them helps lots of other species that live in the same habitats.In addition to the flagship animals，it works in several areas of species protection all around the world and works for the animals that live within the world's priority (重点) ecoregions.Its wildlife trade experts at TRAFFIC work to ensure that trade in wildlife products doesn't harm a species，while also fighting against illegal and unsustainable trade.By the year 2020 WWF will conserve (保存) 19 of the world's most important natural places and significantly change global markets to protect the future of nature.‎ ‎[词海拾贝]‎ ‎1．conservation　　　 n．保护 ‎2．global adj.地球的，全球的 ‎3．foundation. n．基金(会)；基础 ‎4．ensure vt.确保；使……获得 ‎5．mission n．代表团；使命 ‎[问题思考]‎ ‎1．What does WWF stand for?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：WWF stands for World Wildlife Fund.‎ ‎2．What's WWF's task?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：WWF's task is the conservation of nature.‎ ‎3．What should we do as a student?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：略 自主预习 步步提高 词汇识记 Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对 ‎1．decrease　　　　　 A．鉴赏；感激；意识到 ‎2．reserve B．安全的；可靠的 ‎3．hunt C．雇佣；利用 ‎4．respond D．减少；变小 ‎5．contain E．包含；容纳；容忍 ‎6．affect F．保护区 ‎7．appreciate G．成功；接替；继任 ‎8．succeed H．回答；响应；做出反应 ‎9．secure I．损害；危害 ‎10．income J．收入 ‎11．employ K．打猎；猎取；搜寻 ‎12．harm L．影响；感动；侵袭 答案：1.D　2.F　3.K　4.H　5.E　6.L　7.A　8.G ‎9．B　10.J　11.C　12.I Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词 ‎1．________n．仁慈，宽恕；怜悯 ‎2．________v．咬；叮；刺痛 ‎3．________vt.检查；视察 ‎4．________n．事件；事变 ‎5．________adj.凶猛的；猛烈的 答案：1.mercy　2.bite　3.inspect　4.incident　5.fierce Ⅲ.根据语境及汉语意思或首字母提示写出正确的单词 ‎1．He asked to be put under police________(保护)．‎ ‎2．As a child I learned to________(打猎) and fish.‎ ‎3．Your opinion will not________(影响) my decision.‎ ‎4．He had hoped to________(成功) as a violinist.‎ ‎5．Hard work never did anyone any________(伤害)．‎ ‎6．Yogurt c________much less fat than cream.‎ ‎7．Russia used to be a very p________country.‎ ‎8．He turned his a________back to the road again.‎ ‎9．In time you'll a________the beauty of this language.‎ ‎10．How many people does the company e________？‎ 答案：1.protection　2.hunt　3.affect　4.succeed　5.harm ‎6．contains　7.powerful　8.attention　9.appreciate ‎10．employ Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子 decrease to; in peace; in danger; burst into laughter；pay attention to; do harm to; protect... from; in relief；die out; at the mercy of ‎1．Reading in bed for a long time will________________your eyes.‎ ‎2．Every student should________________what your teacher said in class.‎ ‎3．The two countries have been living together______．‎ ‎4．No one was injured in the accident; we all smiled_______．‎ ‎5．It's high time that we should take measures to protect these old traditions before they______________．‎ ‎6．The poor cat is________________the naughty boy.‎ ‎7．Hearing the funny story, all of the boys________________．‎ ‎8．Children's lives are____________________every time they cross the road.‎ ‎9．The government is doing the best to ________those rare animals________ being hunted.‎ ‎10．The number of the rare birds in this area has________about ninety.‎ 答案：1.do harm to　2.pay attention to　3.in peace　4.in relief　5.die out　6.at the mercy of　7.burst into laughter ‎8．in danger　9.protect　from　10.decreased to 语篇理解 课文表层理解 Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)误(F)‎ ‎1．The antelope in Tibet becomes an endangered species because of its fur being used to make sweaters.(　　)‎ ‎2．The living conditions of the elephants are worse than they were.(　　)‎ ‎3．What the government of Zimbabwe did provide us with a good example of how to protect wildlife.(　　)‎ ‎4．The millipede insect produces a drug naturally which can protect animals from mosquitoes.(　　)‎ ‎5．Daisy returned home with the monkey and began to make her new drug.(　　)‎ 答案：1.T　2.F　3.T　4.T　5.F Ⅱ.读课文，回答问题 ‎1．What does the word “it” refer to in Line 2 in the second paragraph?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．Fill in the blank with the words from the second paragraph.‎ When Daisy heard that the elephant asked whether she came to take its photo，she laughed ________．‎ ‎3．Why did the monkey rub itself according to the third paragraph?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Was Daisy able to make her new drug，why?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.The elephant.‎ ‎2．in relief ‎3．Because the monkey protected itself from mosquitoes.‎ ‎4．No，she wasn't.Because she was in her dream and everything had gone.‎ Ⅲ.根据课文内容完成下表 Character Means of transport Aim Daisy ‎(1)______________________‎ To see some (2)________‎ Daisy's Journey Animals Places Situations ‎(3)______‎ Tibet They are being killed for their ‎ ‎(4)________‎ An elephant ‎(5)______‎ They used to be an endangered species because of farmers' too much (6)______‎ Their numbers are (7)________ because they get protection from the (8)________‎ A monkey A thick rainforest The monkey is rubbing a (n) ‎ ‎(9)__________over its body to protect itself from mosquitoes，which shows plants，animals and human beings live together by ‎ ‎(10)________each other 答案：1.A flying carpet　2.endangered wildlife ‎3．An antelope　4.soft fur　5.Zimbabwe　6.hunting ‎7．increasing　8.government　9.millipede insect ‎10．supporting 课文深层理解 ‎ Ⅰ.读课文，回答问题 What's the main idea of the passage?‎ It is about a strange dream that Daisy dreamed.In her dream，‎ she took a ________ to travel and talked with many different ________，which made her know the importance of ____________________．‎ 答案：flying carpet　animals　wildlife protection Ⅱ.仔细阅读课文，选择最佳选项 ‎1．Daisy first learned about the antelope ________．‎ A．from her sweater made of fur B．once she was in Tibet C．after she saw an antelope looking sad D．when she woke up from her dream ‎ ‎2．There are not as many antelopes as it used to be in Tibet ________．‎ A．because of pollution B．due to the development of industry C．because they're being killed for fur D．for lack of food ‎3．Why did elephants use to be an endangered species in Zimbabwe?‎ A．Tourists hunted too many elephants.‎ B．Farmers hunted them without mercy.‎ C．The government encouraged farmers to hunt them.‎ D．Elephants were killed by the government.‎ ‎4．Farmers used to hunt and kill elephants because they ________．‎ A．didn't want to make more money B．wanted to protect their crops C．wanted to get their fur and meat D．thought they were dangerous to them ‎5．What does “No rainforest，no animal，no drugs”mean?‎ A．There are no drugs in the rainforest.‎ B．There will be no rainforest，no animals and no drugs in the future.‎ C．Animals in the rainforest don't need drugs.‎ D．The rainforest，animals and drugs are closely related to each other.‎ 答案：1.C　2.C　3.B　4.B　5.D Ⅲ.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语 ‎1．This is what wildlife protection is all about.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3. No rainforest, no animals，no drugs.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines ‎ going beneath their stomachs.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.这正是野生动物保护的意义所在。‎ ‎2．为了我们肚皮下的毛，我们正在被屠杀。‎ ‎3．没有雨林，就没有动物，也就没有药物了。‎ ‎4．过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。‎ 知识聚焦 讲练互动 要点直击 ‎1．die out灭绝；逐渐消失 ‎(教材原句P25)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.‎ 结果，这些濒危的动物甚至有可能灭绝。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 die away(尤指声音、光、风)逐渐消失；停止 die down(兴奋、激动等情绪)渐弱；渐息；平息 die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)枯死 die from/of因……而死(通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡用die of，除此之外的原因用die from)‎ 写出下列句中die out的含义。‎ ‎(1)With nothing to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.________‎ ‎(2)Many traditional customs are dying out with the society's development.________‎ ‎(3)Scientists said that those plants died out a century ago.________‎ 答案：(1)熄灭　(2)逐渐消失　(3)灭绝 ‎[活学巧记]‎ 人生总归有一死，死的搭配要牢记；外因from，内因用of，消亡out，相继死去为off；兴奋，情绪渐弱down；声音、风、光消失away。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用适当的介词或副词填空。‎ ‎(1)Elephants would die ________ if men were allowed to hunt as many as they wished.‎ ‎(2)About 18 people in China died ________ H7N9 flu by the time April 15th，2013.‎ ‎(3)He died ________ a wound in his chest.‎ ‎(4)She waited until the footsteps died ________．‎ ‎(5)The fire is dying ________．Please add some wood to it.‎ ‎(6)His parents have died ________ in the last two years，which made him very sad.‎ 答案：(1)out　(2)of　(3)from　(4)away　(5)down　(6)off ‎2．in danger (of)在危险中 ‎(教材原句P25)Why are they in danger of disappearing?‎ 为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 out of danger脱离危险 ‎(1)He is ________ losing his life.‎ 他有失去生命的危险。‎ ‎(2)He has been very ill，but the doctors say that he is now out of danger.‎ 他病得很重，但是医生们说他现在脱离危险了。‎ ‎(3)That fierce dog is ________ the boy.‎ 那条凶猛的狗对小男孩来说是个危险。‎ 答案：(1)in danger of　(3)a danger to ‎ 易混辨析 dangerous/in danger (of)‎ 易混词 区别 dangerous 是形容词，意为“危险的”，指事物或人对别人有危险 in danger (of)‎ 是介词短语，意为“‎ 处于危险状况下，在危险中”，指事物或人自身的处境 ‎[一言辨异]‎ The bridge is dangerous，so the children on it are in danger.‎ 这座桥很危险，因此桥上的孩子们处于危险之中。‎ ‎ 即学即练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎(1)________(danger) driving should be severely punished.‎ ‎(2)He will ________(danger) her freedom and even her life.‎ ‎(3)He doesn't work hard so he is ________danger of losing the job.‎ 答案：(1)Dangerous　(2)endanger　(3)in ‎3．in relief如释重负；松了口气 burst into laughter突然笑起来，大声笑了出来 ‎(教材原句P26)In relief Daisy burst into laughter.‎ 戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 in relief放松；如释重负 to one's relief令某人安心的是 It is a relief to...……是让人欣慰/轻松的事 a sense of relief解脱感 What a relief！可轻松了！‎ ‎(1)I felt a great relief when I heard I had passed the ‎ examination.‎ 听说自己已经通过了考试，我感到轻松多了。‎ ‎(2)____________________，the children all arrived home safely.‎ 孩子们都安全到家了，这使我们大大松了一口气。‎ ‎(3)It was __________ to be able to talk to someone about it.‎ 能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 burst into＋n.突然发作；爆发；闯入；冲进 burst out＋doing突然爆发 burst with＋n.突然发生；突然……起来 ‎(4)Hearing the joke，all the children burst into laughter(burst out laughing)．‎ 听了这个笑话，所有的孩子都大笑起来。‎ ‎(5)When he reached the final line，everyone __________．‎ 当他到达终点线时，大家都突然大笑起来。‎ 答案：(2)To our great relief　(3)a relief　(5)burst out laughing/burst into laughter 注意：burst into，burst out都可表示“突然……”，burst into后面常接名词作宾语；burst out后面常接动词－ing形式。‎ 助记：‎ burst into laughter　　　burst into a room ‎ 即学即练 单句改错。‎ ‎(1)Seeing the funny scene，she burst into laughters.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)Hearing the joke，we burst out laughter.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(3)It was great relief to find that my family were all safe.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：(1)laughters改为laughter　(2)laughter改为laughing　(3)was后加a　‎ ‎4．protect...from/against...保护……免受……侵害 ‎(教材原句P26)“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes，”it replied.‎ 它答道：“我在保护自己避免被蚊子叮咬呢。”‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 protective adj.保护的；防护的 protection n．保护；防卫 protector n．保护人(或组织、装置等)‎ 与protect...from...结构相似的短语：‎ ‎(1)Protect the baby's eyes from the sun.‎ 保护婴儿的眼睛避开阳光照射。‎ ‎(2)She ________ her throat ________ the cold by a scarf.‎ 她用围巾护着喉咙免得着凉。‎ ‎(3)Hearing the words，she couldn't ________ crying.‎ 听了这话，她不由得哭了起来。‎ ‎(4)How can I stop/prevent him (from) smoking again?‎ 我怎样才能阻止他再次吸烟呢？‎ ‎(5)Under the ________ of the new law，the number of pandas is increasing.‎ 在新法律的保护下，熊猫数量在增加。‎ 答案：(2)protected　from　(3)keep herself from　(5)protection ‎[语境串记]‎ The laptop must have a protective covering which can protect the computer against water.I'm sure this protector can make the computer run well under the protection.‎ 笔记本电脑必须有一层防水保护膜。我相信在这防水保护膜的保护下电脑能运转良好。‎ ‎ 即学即练 根据汉语提示完成句子。‎ ‎(1)What can I do to ____________________(防止这种疾病蔓延)?‎ ‎(2)Almost all parents are ready to ____________________(保护他们的孩子免受伤害)．‎ ‎(3)I was ____________________ (不能入睡)by the church bells.‎ 答案：(1)stop/prevent the disease spreading　(2)protect their children from harm　(3)kept/stopped/prevented from sleeping ‎5．contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；控制 affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭 ‎(教材原句P26)It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.‎ 它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。‎ ‎(1)vt.包含，含有；容纳 ‎①This book ________ all the information you need.‎ 这本书包含你所需的一切资料。‎ ‎②The jar contains ten glasses of water.‎ 这个罐子能装十杯水。‎ ‎(2)vt.控制；抑制 ‎③I ________ my excitement.‎ 我无法抑制内心的激动。‎ ‎ 易混辨析 contain/include 易混词 区别 contain 多指包含某物的全部内容 include 多指包含某物的部分内容 ‎[语境串记]‎ The plane contains 300 people，including the two pilots.‎ 这架飞机能容纳300人，包括两名飞行员。‎ ‎(3)vt.影响　相当于have an effect on ‎④The rise in prices will affect all classes of people.‎ 物价上涨对各阶层的人都有影响。‎ ‎(4)vt.(感情上)深深打动(＝move)‎ 常见搭配：‎ ‎⑤I ____________________________ by his story.‎ 我被他的故事深深打动了。‎ ‎(5)vt. (指疾病)侵袭；使感染 ‎⑥Cancer has affected his lungs.‎ 他的肺已经癌变。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 ‎ 易混辨析 affect/effect 易混词 区别 affect 是动词，往往表示不太好的影响或作用 effect 是名词，意思是“作用；后果；效用；(法律)效力”。effect作动词时，相当正式，意为“引起，使发生”，只用于表示特定的意思，如造成改变，实行行动计划等，和affect的意思不一样 ‎⑦We were all deeply ________ by the news of her death.‎ 她去世的消息使我们都深感悲痛。‎ ‎⑧It won't be easy to put the changes into ________．‎ 把这些变化落到实处不会是件容易的事。‎ 答案：①contains　③could not contain　⑤was greatly affected ‎⑦affected　⑧effect ‎[语境串记]‎ Electronic games don't have much effect on grown－ups but affect students a great deal.‎ 电子游戏对成年人影响不大，但是对学生影响很大。‎ ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)单句语法填空。‎ ‎①We were deeply ________ (affect) by her works.‎ ‎②What he said has ________ effect on me.‎ ‎(2)选词填空：contain，include。(注意形式的变化)‎ ‎①The book ______ ten chapters，________ American Literature.‎ ‎②This kind of fruit __________ lots of vitamin C and B，vitamin D ________．‎ 答案：(1)①affected　②an　(2)①contains　including　②contains　included ‎6．pay attention to注意 appreciate v．鉴赏；感激；意识到(后接名词、代词或动名词，不可接to do)‎ ‎(教材原句P26)You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.‎ 你应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并懂得雨林动物是如何在那里共同生活的。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 have one's attention请某人注意 fix/focus one's attention on将注意力集中在……上 draw/attract one's attention (to)吸引某人的注意力(到……)‎ ‎(1)The TV was on but John wasn't ________ much __________ it.‎ 电视开着，可是约翰没怎么注意看。‎ ‎(2)May I ____________________________，please?‎ ‎＝Attention，please!‎ 请注意！‎ ‎(3)She tried to ________ the waiter's ________．‎ 她设法吸引服务员的注意。‎ ‎【特别提醒】‎ attention没有复数形式，可以用修饰不可数名词的数量词加以修饰，如much，little，no等。‎ pay attention to中的attention常被提前，充当主语或先行词，以增加句子结构的复杂性。‎ pay attention to中的to是介词而不是不定式符号。含有介词to的短语还有：stick to(坚持)，look forward to(盼望)，object to(反对)，get down to(开始做)等。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜感激 appreciation n．鉴赏；感谢；理解；体谅 ‎(4)________________ you would turn the music down.‎ 如果你把音乐关小一些，我将不胜感激。‎ ‎(5)His abilities were not ________ in his job.‎ 他的才干在工作中得不到赏识。‎ ‎(6)I appreciate your timely help.‎ 我感谢你及时的帮助。‎ 答案：(1)paying　attention to　(2)have your attention　(3)attract/draw　attention　(4)I would appreciate it if ‎(5)appreciated ‎【特别提醒】‎ appreciate当与if或when从句连用时，其后必须有一个it来充当它的形式宾语。‎ appreciate不用于进行时。它表示“感谢”时，只能接“事”不能接“人”作宾语，与thank刚好相反，thank常构成thank sb for sth(因某事而感谢某人)结构。试比较：‎ ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎①Our government pays more attention to __________(protect) the wildlife.‎ ‎②The teacher suggested that much attention should ________ (pay) to the spelling mistakes.‎ ‎③They express their ________(appreciate) and admiration.‎ ‎(2)单句改错。‎ ‎①I would appreciate if you would open the window for me.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎②The design of the building attracted our attentions.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(3)用thank/appreciate填空。‎ ‎①We really ________ everything you've done for our daughter.‎ ‎②I haven't had a chance to ________ him yet.‎ 答案：(1)①protecting　②be paid　③appreciation ‎(2)①if前加it　②attentions改为attention ‎(3)①appreciate　②thank ‎7．succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任 ‎(教材原句P27)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?‎ 如果野生动植物保护得以成功，必须做些什么？‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 succeed in (doing) sth成功完成了某事 succeed v．继……之后；接着……发生 success n．成功 successful adj.成功的 successfully adv.圆满地；顺利地；成功地 ‎(1)He will succeed his father as manager of the shop.‎ 他将接替他的父亲担任商店经理。‎ ‎(2)I tried to clean the watch，but only ________ it.‎ 我想要把手表弄干净，结果却把它弄坏了。‎ ‎(3)He met with ________ in his business.‎ 他在事业上获得了成功。‎ ‎(4)Did you have any success in persuading him?‎ 你说服他了吗？‎ 答案：(2)succeeded in breaking　(3)success ‎[语境串记]‎ The successful businessman succeeded in devoting his money to the poor school and successfully made a speech about his success.‎ 这位成功的商人成功地把钱捐给了贫困学校并成功地做了关于他的成功的演讲。‎ ‎【特别提醒】‎ succeed表示“成功”时，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态，也不能接to do sth，可以接in (doing) sth。‎ succeed表示“接替(某人)”时，是及物动词，其后不用介词after。但它若表示“继承(职位、头衔、财产等)”时，则是不及物动词，此时它常与介词to连用。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎(1)He ________ (succeed) in passing the entrance examination last week.‎ ‎(2)If you work hard you ________ (succeed)．‎ ‎(3)He aims to be a ________ (success) writer.‎ ‎(4)We finished repairing the engine ________ (success)．‎ 答案：(1)succeeded　(2)will succeed　(3)successful　(4)successfully ‎8．harm vt. & n．损害；危害 ‎(教材原句P27)What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?‎ 我们应该做些什么来处罚那些伤害动物的人呢？‎ ‎(1)n.伤害，损害 常见搭配：‎ ‎①He may look fierce but he ______________________________.‎ 他可能看上去凶狠，但并无恶意。‎ ‎②Too much drinking will _______________________________.‎ 饮酒太多非常不利于健康。‎ ‎(2)vt.伤害，损害 常见搭配：‎ ‎③You have no right to harm anyone.‎ 你没有权利伤害任何人。‎ ‎④What he did did ________ his image.‎ 他的所作所为的确损害了他的形象。‎ ‎⑤吸烟有害健康。‎ Smoking does harm ________ your health.‎ ‎＝Smoking does your health ________．‎ ‎＝Smoking ________ your health.‎ ‎＝Smoking is ________ to your health.‎ ‎＝Smoking is ________ for your health.‎ 答案：①means no harm　②do you a lot of harm ‎④harm　⑤to　harm　harms　harmful　bad ‎ 易混辨析 harm/hurt/injure/wound 易混词 区别 ‎ harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便；还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情 hurt 普通用词，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害 injure 比hurt正式，injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失 wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上的受伤 ‎ 即学即练 用harm，hurt，injure，wound填空。‎ ‎(1)The robber ________ him with a knife.‎ ‎(2)Don't ________ your eyes by reading in dim light.‎ ‎(3)I hope I didn't ________ her feelings.‎ ‎(4)The driver ________ himself badly in the accident.‎ 答案：(1)wounded　(2)harm　(3)hurt　(4)hurt/injured ‎9．(教材原句P26)“Please take me to a distant land where I can ‎ find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”‎ ‎“请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣提供毛皮的那种动物。”‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 本句是一个祈使句，a distant land后面的部分为where引导的一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还套有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。where引导定语从句时，先行词是表地点的名词，where在定语从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎(1)Have you ever been to Qingdao，________ there are beautiful beaches?‎ 你去过青岛吗？那里有美丽的沙滩。‎ ‎(2)This is the new school _________________________________.‎ 这就是我女儿就读的新校。‎ 答案：(1)where　(2)where my daughter is studying ‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(3)Sit where I can see you.(状语从句)‎ 坐在我能看到你的地方。‎ ‎(4)This is where she lives.(名词性从句)‎ 这就是她的住处。‎ ‎[重点提示]‎ 如果先行词是地点，但关系词在定语从句中不作地点状语，而是作主语或宾语，则要用关系代词which或that。‎ This is the place that/which we talked about last time.‎ 这就是我们上次谈论到的地方。‎ ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)单句改错。‎ ‎①The bookshop that I bought this book is not far from here.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎②This is the house in where I lived two years ago.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)根据句意用正确的关系词填空。‎ ‎①________ there is a will，there is a way.‎ ‎②The school ________ I visited this summer is closed down.‎ 答案：(1)①that改为where　②去掉in或where改为which　(2)①Where　②that/which ‎10．(教材原句P26)It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.‎ 这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 句中as引导的是方式状语从句，as意为“像……‎ 那样；正如……”。‎ ‎(1)Leave the things as they are.‎ 别动这些东西。‎ ‎(2)You must try to hold the tool __________________________.‎ 你必须像我这样拿着工具。‎ ‎ 归纳拓展 as作连词引导的从句：‎ 方式状语从句译为“按照，正如”。‎ 原因状语从句译为“由于”。‎ 让步状语从句译为“尽管”(从句须倒装)。‎ 比较状语从句译为“像……一样”。‎ 时间状语从句译为“一边……一边……，随着……”。‎ ‎(3)________________，the air is cooler.‎ 因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。‎ ‎(4)Child as he is，he knows a lot about America.‎ 他虽然是个孩子，但他知道美国的许多事情。‎ ‎(5)You'll grow wiser _____________________________________.‎ 你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ as还可以引导定语从句。‎ as用在the same...as，such...as，as...as，so...as 结构中，可以作主语、宾语或表语，可以用来代替先行词是表示人或物的名词。‎ ‎(6)They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.‎ 他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as作主语)‎ as还可以引导非限制性定语从句，可以放在句首、句中或句末，常有“正如”之意。‎ ‎(7)____________________，China is a country with the largest population in the world.‎ 众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。‎ 答案：(2)as I do　(3)As rain has fallen　(5)as you grow older　(7)As we all know/As is known to us all ‎ 即学即练 ‎(1)单句改错。‎ As he's nearly fifty，he can still play tennis with the best.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎(2)根据汉语提示完成句子。‎ ‎①The money was repaid ________ (像他许诺的那样)．‎ ‎②Ann wouldn't write down a series of facts in her diary ________(像多数人做的那样)．‎ 答案：(1)As改为Though/Although　(2)①as he promised　②as most people do ‎11．(教材原句P26)The flying carpet travelled so fast that next ‎ minute they were in Zimbabwe.‎ 飞毯飞行得如此之快，以至于一转眼他们就来到了津巴布韦。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ so...that...“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导的是结果状语从句。其用法如下：‎ ‎(1)so＋adj./adv.＋that...‎ This teacher is so kind that we all like him.‎ 这个老师非常和蔼，我们都喜欢他。‎ ‎(2)so＋adj.＋a/an＋名词单数＋that...‎ This is __________________ no student can answer it.‎ 这个问题太难了，没有学生能回答。‎ ‎(3)so＋adj.(many，much，few，little)＋n.＋that...‎ He had so few friends there that he didn't know whom to turn to for help.‎ 他在那里没有什么朋友，他不知道求助于谁。‎ ‎[语法拓展]‎ such...that...“如此……以至于……”，that引导的也是结果状语从句。其用法如下：‎ ‎(4)such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...‎ This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.‎ 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。‎ ‎(5)such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...‎ They are ________________ we all enjoy reading them.‎ 这些书很有趣，我们都喜欢看。‎ ‎(6)such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that...‎ He made __________________ he got ahead of many students in the mid－term exam.‎ 他进步很快，期中考试超过了许多同学。‎ 答案：(2)so difficult a question that ‎(5)such interesting books that ‎(6)such rapid progress that ‎ ‎ 即学即练 单句语法填空。‎ ‎(1)The story was ________ interesting that everyone laughed.‎ ‎(2)It is ________ an interesting book that everyone laughs.‎ ‎(3)She was so careful ________ she didn't make any mistake.‎ ‎(4)She was very careful ________ that she didn't make any mistake.‎ 答案：(1)so　(2)such　(3)that　(4)so 应用落实 Ⅰ.单句改错 每句中有1处错误，找出并加以改正。‎ ‎1．It was not until fish died that the villagers realized the important of protecting the river.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．The country is prosperous and the people live in a peace.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Willie glared at her for a moment，and then he burst out laughter.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．By the end of this century，China will have become a more powerfully country in the world.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．She deeply affected by the sad story.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎6．Please pay more attention to pronounce this word.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎7．I really appreciate your come back to help me this afternoon.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎8．I am confident you would succeed the play.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎9．Drinking too much does a harm to our health but people don't care.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎10．This is the office which he worked.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.important改为importance　2.去掉冠词a　3.out改为into　4.powerfully改为powerful　5.She后加was　6.pronounce改为pronouncing　7.come改为coming ‎8．the前加in　9.去掉冠词a　10.which改为where或者which前加介词at Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Because local colleges start to play a larger role，the________(protect) of the artistic works is stepping forward.‎ ‎2．Many young people risk hearing________(lose) as a result of loud music on portable devices.‎ ‎3．Last year，the girl________(response) to the question by fighting for the education of girls.‎ ‎4．Sending humans to Mars is still in the________(distance) future and NASA is aiming for the 2030s.‎ ‎5．To his great________(relieve)，his son has recovered from his illness.‎ ‎6．Baker believes in the________ (important) of teaching healthy eating at schools.‎ ‎7．Lots of houses were destroyed by the________(power) earthquake.‎ ‎8．The two high school students came to national _______(attend) for their brave actions.‎ ‎9．Most of his stories have unexpected________(end)，so the readers like to read them.‎ ‎10．Elephants became________(danger) as a result of overhunting.‎ 答案：1.protection　2.loss　3.responded　4.distant ‎5．relief　6.importance　7.powerful　8.attention ‎9．endings　10.endangered Ⅲ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子 die out；in peace；in danger of；in relief；burst into laughter；protect...from；pay attention to；come into being；according to；so that ‎1．From this documentary we can learn when and how the universe ________．‎ ‎2．Knowing the operation of the poor girl's legs was performed successfully，all the people smiled________．‎ ‎3．Don't ask me any questions again，please.Just let me work________，will you?‎ ‎4．The little baby was carried in his mum's arms tightly to be________being hurt in the earthquake.‎ ‎5．The old man writes everything important down________he can remember them clearly.‎ ‎6．The police told the villagers a thief might hide in the village ‎ and asked them to______________those strangers.‎ ‎7．________the expert，teenagers should spend less than two hours a day on the Internet and computer games.‎ ‎8．All the people________________after seeing the funny actions of the little dog.‎ ‎9．The polar bears are now________________disappearing because of global warming.‎ ‎10. Believe it or not，there are several species that________every day on the earth.‎ 答案：1.came into being　2.in relief　3.in peace ‎4．protected from　5.so that　6.pay attention to ‎7．According to 　8.burst into laughter　9.in danger of ‎10．die out 语法突破 触类旁通 语法精讲 现在进行时的被动语态 ‎[例句观察]‎ ‎①Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present.‎ ‎②The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.‎ ‎③Are the walls being painted now?‎ ‎④What is being done to the machine?‎ ‎[我的发现]　‎ ‎(1)以上几句用的时态、语态是______________，其谓语构成是：______________。‎ ‎(2)以上几句中第①句是________句式；第②句是________句式；第③句是________句式；第④句是________句式。‎ 答案：(1)现在进行时的被动语态　am/is/are＋being＋done　(2)肯定　否定　一般疑问　特殊疑问 一、结构 形式,结构 肯定形式,主语＋be(am，is，are)＋being＋done 否定形式,主语＋be(am，is，are)＋not＋being＋done 一般疑问式,be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done 特殊疑问式,特殊疑问词＋be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋done①The film is being shown in the small villages these days.‎ 最近，这部影片正在这几个小村子里放映。‎ ‎②My bike is not being repaired now.‎ 现在我的自行车没有被修。‎ ‎③Are these flowers being watered now?‎ 现在有人在给这些花浇水吗？‎ ‎④Which hotel are you being served now?‎ 现在，哪个宾馆招待你们？‎ 二、用法 ‎1．表示说话时刻正在进行或发生的被动动作。‎ ‎①He is being interviewed by our headmaster now.‎ 他正在接受我们校长的采访。‎ ‎②The case is being looked into now.‎ 现在这个案子正在被调查。‎ ‎2．表示现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作。‎ ‎①The disease is being studied by scientists.‎ 科学家们正在研究这种疾病。‎ ‎②These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.‎ 以如此速度捕杀动物，它们很快就会消失。‎ ‎3．表示习惯性的被动行为，常用always，often等修饰，多带有赞扬、羡慕、责备或埋怨等感情色彩。‎ ‎①Tom is always being praised by the teacher.‎ 汤姆总是被老师表扬。‎ ‎②I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being forgotten to close.‎ 我感到很吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被忘记关上。‎ ‎4．表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。‎ A folk song is being sung next.‎ 接下来要演唱一首民歌。‎ ‎5．与情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。‎ ‎—Do you know what Smith is doing?‎ ‎—He is ill.He may be being examined by the doctor.‎ ‎——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗？‎ ‎——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。‎ 三、注意事项 ‎1．不可漏掉being，若漏掉，则成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。‎ ‎2．有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。‎ A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.‎ 这个周末将为他的成功举办庆祝会。‎ ‎3．某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词，如have，want，need，love，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎①With the population increasing，more land is needed.‎ 随着人口的增长，需要更多的土地。‎ ‎②Bruce Li is still loved by many young people.‎ 李小龙仍然受到很多青年人的喜爱。‎ ‎4．“be＋under/in＋n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。‎ ‎①The problem is under discussion at the meeting.‎ ‎＝The problem is being discussed at the meeting.‎ 这个问题正在会议上讨论。‎ ‎②This lift is in use.‎ ‎＝This lift is being used.‎ 这部电梯正在使用中。‎ ‎③My computer is under repair.‎ ‎＝My computer is being repaired.‎ 我的电脑正在维修中。‎ 语法冲关 Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空 ‎1．The milu deer________________(study) at the research centre at present.‎ ‎2．Look! The roads__________________(widen) now.‎ ‎3．Is the accident now__________________(look) into?‎ ‎4．Since your car__________________(repair), you may use mine.‎ ‎5．The new plan__________________(discuss) now.‎ ‎6．Look! The ship__________________(unload)．‎ ‎7．The plan that he made a few days ago____________(carry) out now.‎ ‎8．This boy____________(treat) for a heart condition now.‎ ‎9．Their own car____________(mend), and this one is hired.‎ ‎10．—Why don't we choose that road to save time?‎ ‎—The bridge to it________________(repair)．‎ 答案：1.is being studied　2.are being widened　3.being looked　4.is being repaired　5.is being discussed　6.is being unloaded　7.is being carried　8.is being treated ‎9．is being mended　10.is being repaired Ⅱ.单句改错 每句中有1处错误，找出并加以改正。‎ ‎1．Look！Visitors are shown around our school.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎2．How is your computer repaired now?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Are the wounded being taken good care?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Don't put your hands into the washing machine when it is been operated.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．The laws being improved to protect the rights of women and children.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎6．The book being belonged to him.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.are后加being　2.repaired前加being　3.care后加of　4.been改为being　5.being前加are　6.去掉being Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I have a 12－year－old son who is kind and helpful.And he is showing great interest 1.________growing plants.At the present time he 2.________(teach) how to plant flowers and vegetables，for spring has already arrived.‎ One Saturday afternoon 3.________we were planting some flowers，I found that there were still two flowers left in the basket.He decided 4.________(take) them to the little house next door in which an elderly woman lived by 5.________(she) and didn't seem to have any friends.I felt 6.________(pride) of him.He went up to her door，rather hesitantly (犹豫地) because he didn't know her，7.________he left the flowers very 8.________(quiet) on her doorstep so that she would get them the next time she went outside.‎ The next morning we walked past her house，we were quite 9.________(please) to find that she had planted the flowers by the door.Although it was 10.________small thing for my son，he learnt to do something for others.He said to me.“It feels really good to do ‎ things for other people”．‎ 答案：1.in　2.is being taught　3.when　4.to take ‎5．herself　6.proud　7.and　8.quietly　9.pleased　10.a 泛读提效 视野延伸 语篇理解 阅读Reading 2，完成下列问题 ‎1．What's the main idea of the passage?‎ It's about______________such as dinosaurs and other kinds of wildlife.‎ ‎2．Fill in the blank with only two words from the second paragraph.‎ Actually, no one can say________why and how dinosaurs died out from the earth quickly.‎ ‎3．List two possible reasons for the disappearance of dinosaurs.‎ ‎①____________________________________________________‎ ‎②____________________________________________________‎ ‎4．What does the word “this” in the last sentence in the first paragraph refer to?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎5．What do you think the author will tell us in the following passage?‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：1.the extinction of rare animals ‎2．for sure ‎3．①A huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.‎ ‎②The earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.‎ ‎4．The bird－like dinosaurs not only run like the other dinosaurs but also climb trees.‎ ‎5．How the animal dodo disappeared from the earth/became extinct.‎ 要点直击 ‎1．(教材原句P28)After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.‎ 过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 句中“with black and white...stomachs”部分是with的复合结构。该结构在句中作定语修饰some zebra。另外，它还可以在句中作状语。‎ with的复合结构如下：‎ ‎(1)He was so tired that he fell asleep with the radio on.‎ 他太累了，以至于收音机开着就睡着了。‎ ‎(2)Our teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.‎ 我们的老师进到教室，手里拿着一本书。‎ ‎(3)They couldn't reach an agreement ______________________.‎ 时间在消耗着，他们却无法达成共识。‎ ‎(4)With all the housework ________，mum sighed in relief.‎ 所有家务都做完了，妈妈轻松地舒了口气。‎ ‎(5)With so many friends ________，I made up my mind to have a try.‎ 这么多朋友要帮助我，我决定试一试。‎ 答案：(3)with time running out　(4)completed ‎(5)to help me ‎ 即学即练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎(1)With so much work ________ (do)，I have no time for a holiday with you next week.‎ ‎(2)With the key ________ (lose)，he had to wait outside the door.‎ ‎(3)With water ________ (run)，the boy left the room.‎ 答案：(1)to do　(2)lost　(3)running ‎2．(教材原句P30)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.‎ 千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ 句中long before意为“早在……之前；很早；很久以前”，该短语后可以接句子、名词、代词，也可以单独使用，在句中作状语。‎ ‎(1)I knew Smith long before I knew you.‎ 我在认识你之前很久就认识史密斯了。‎ ‎(2)I've seen that film ________ and you will see it before long.‎ 我早就看过那部电影了，你很快也会看的。‎ 注意：long before容易与before long混淆，后者意为“不久以后”，常与一般过去时或一般将来时连用。‎ ‎(3)It happened________________________．‎ 不久它就发生了。‎ ‎(4)It looks as though it will snow before long.‎ 看上去好像不久以后就要下雪了。‎ 答案：(2)long before　(3)before long ‎ 即学即练 用long before，before long，long ago填空。‎ ‎(1)He had worked in this school ________ the war broke out，but ________ he had to leave the school.‎ ‎(2)It won't be ________ we see each other.‎ ‎(3)________ I returned to the mountain village where I once lived ________．‎ ‎(4)________ enormous animals lived on the earth.‎ 答案：(1)long before　before long　(2)long before ‎(3)Before long　long before　(4)Long ago ‎3．(教材原句P30)When scientists inspected the bones，they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.‎ 当科学家们检查这些骨头的时候，他们惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅能像其他恐龙一样跑，而且能爬树。‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎(1)句中they were surprised to find属于“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”结构。该结构的用法：‎ a．形容词往往是表示心理活动的词，如：surprised，moved，disappointed，pleased，happy，sad，delighted，sorry，interested，glad，worried，eager，anxious，angry等；‎ b．不定式作原因状语，表示产生这种心理活动的原因。‎ ‎①I'm glad ________．‎ 我很高兴在这儿遇见你。‎ ‎②John was pretty surprised to have received such an invitation.‎ 收到这样一份请柬，约翰感到十分惊奇。‎ ‎(2)not only...but (also)．..在句中连接两个并列谓语。not only...but (also)．..的常见用法：‎ a．用于连接两个并列成分；‎ b．连接的两个名词/代词作主语时，谓语动词与but(also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致；‎ c．not only位于句首时，其后的分句要倒装。‎ ‎③Not only were the crops damaged，but also many people died.‎ 不仅庄稼受到了损害，而且许多人都死了。‎ ‎④Not only I but also Tom and Mary ________ watching TV.‎ 我、汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。‎ 答案：①to meet you here　④are fond of ‎[重点提示]‎ not only...but also...，either...or....，neither...nor...在用法上有很多相同之处：‎ a．都连接两个并列成分；‎ b．连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数采用“就近原则”。但not only位于句首时，其后的分句要采用倒装结构。它们各自的用法及辨析是高考考查的重点。‎ ‎ 即学即练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎(1)I feel happy ________ (invite) to take part in the ceremony.‎ ‎(2)They were surprised ________ (find) that nobody was in the room.‎ ‎(3)He not only read the book，but also ____________ (remember) the content.‎ ‎(4)Not only his students but also he __________ (like) playing basketball.‎ 答案：(1)to be invited　(2)to find　(3)remembered　(4)likes 阅读技能 推理判断题解题技法 ‎——借助关键句、段进行推断 推理判断题中有些题目是要求读者对文中某一事件的因果关系、处理方式或对文中某一人物的性格特征做出判断。‎ 此类试题的解答需要对较多信息进行把握和推理，因此，解题时应认真阅读试题题干，根据关键词回到原文找到与题目有逻辑关系的关键句或关键段，并借助其进行推理判断，看与哪一个备选项的内容在意义与逻辑上吻合。‎ 如“阅读Reading 2”中的判断正误中的第4题。根据原文中“There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.”可推知本题错误。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ 阅读下面短文，选择正确选项 Sky raised money to help care for the animals he wanted to adopt.He promised to raise $75 for his rhino and $25 for Alexander's zebra.To earn the money，Sky and his grandfather planted a vegetable garden.Sky planted seeds(种子)，watered，and weeded(除草)．When the time came，he harvested the vegetables and sold them at a stand in front of his parents' store.‎ When Sky's friends heard about the stand，they brought vegetables from their parent's garden to sell，too.With the help of his friends，he earned enough money to honour his promises.‎ According to the passage，Sky raised money by ________．‎ A．selling vegetables he planted B．working in his parents' store C．working in other people's gardens D．helping grandpa plant a garden 解析：根据题干中的关键词raised money定位第一段第三句和第四句，即Sky是通过卖自己种的蔬菜来筹钱的。‎ 答案：A 规范写作 技法指导 方法技巧 建议信 本单元的写作任务是建议信，它属于应用文。建议信的目的是向有关组织或个人提出建议，所提建议旨在就某种事物或现象，提出一些改进的措施，这种建议带有劝说性。建议信现在多数都写成电子邮件的格式，它一般有称呼、正文、结尾和署名四个部分。‎ 一、基本框架 ‎1．开头——提出写建议信的缘由。‎ ‎2．主体——写出建议的具体内容，并指出你所提建议可能会带来的好处。‎ ‎3．结尾——提出希望自己的建议被采纳的想法。‎ 二、注意事项 ‎ ‎1．注意人称和时态的合理使用。‎ ‎2．注意语言要委婉、中肯，建议要合理，表达要清楚。‎ ‎3．注意写作要点不能遗漏，表达方式要多样，行文须连贯，过渡要自然。‎ 三、典型句式 ‎1．反映现象的常用开头句式。‎ I'm writing to tell you that...‎ Recently we have made a survey that...‎ Many people are worried about...‎ ‎2．提出措施的常用句式。‎ We intend to...to help/save/protect...‎ We are ready to call on people to...‎ We feel like doing...to teach the illegal hunters a lesson...‎ We'd rather not...but do...‎ ‎3．征求对方支持的常用表达。‎ We need your support to make more and more people...‎ Would you please help us to...by...?‎ We'll appreciate it if you can...‎ In order to...we need...‎ I hope that I can get help from...‎ 精品展示 众所周知，野生动植物的数目已经减少，一些动物也已经灭绝了。我们怎样阻止濒危的动物灭绝呢？‎ 请根据以下提纲写一篇100词左右的文章，呼吁人们行动起来。‎ ‎1．我们应该保护它们免遭捕杀。‎ ‎2．应该设立一些自然保护区和保护带，目的是使动物能够平静地生活。‎ ‎3．政府应该制定更强有力的法律来保护动物。‎ ‎[写作提示]‎ 本文为一篇提纲挈领式作文，这类题型的主要特点是：要点明确，范围具体，贴近生活，易于动笔。此类试题中有较多的文字说明，实际上规定了考生表述的思路，对考生的写作范围做了较为明确的限定，试题中规定的要点一个也不能回避。考生既不能随意发挥也不能逐条翻译。写作前应注意：审题、围绕主题提炼要点，做到要点全面；最 好是分几大层次，忌一揽子式的表达，缺乏层次与条理，忌“挤牙膏”式，想到哪儿写到哪儿，想到什么就写什么，缺乏全局观念；根据不同的文体来确定写作时采用的相应格式；要弄清表达时具体需要用什么人称。‎ 可能用到的表达方式：die out灭绝；pay/attract/draw one's attention to吸引某人的注意力；protect...from...保护……以防……；in peace和平地，平静地；at the mercy of...任由……摆布；it is certain that...……是确定的；come into being形成。[范文点评]‎ 范文 点评 ‎　　As we all know，①the__number__of wild plants and animals has already ②decreased and some animals have ③died__out．It is high time to ④prevent endangered animals from extinction.‎ Firstly，it's of great importance to regard animals as our friends，so we should not hunt.Secondly，some natural reserves and zones should be set up.⑤Only in this way will animals not be hurt more often.Last but not least, our government should make more powerful law to protect the animals.‎ ‎　　这篇文章要点齐全、结构完整、层次分明、用词准确生动，是一篇难得的佳作。其中比较好的一些单词、短语和句式有：①the number of；②decrease；③die out；④prevent...from...；⑤“only＋状语”引导倒装句表示强调；⑥it is certain that...‎ If everyone has the sense of protecting wildlife，⑥it__is__certain__that an atmosphere of protecting wildlife will come into being.‎ 作文仿写 请根据下列提示，以“What will life be like without animals？”为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍保护珍稀动物的意义及必要性。‎ 要点提示：‎ ‎1．保护动物的重要性。‎ ‎2．目前动物保护的现状。‎ ‎3．你的建议。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ What will life be like without animals?‎ Animals are close friends of human beings.Their existence makes the whole world lively and colourful.It's quite important for ‎ all of us to get along well with them.Unfortunately，we heard such news recently that rare animals，even kept in the zoo，couldn't escape being hurt or killed，at which we can feel nothing but shocked.The reason why it happened is that some people lack understanding about these animals and care for them.‎ Therefore，we should study the information about rare animals and keep it in mind that protecting animals is the duty of everyone.At the same time，we should take active and effective measures.After all，protecting animals is protecting ourselves.‎ 课后演练 强基提能 A级　基础过关 Ⅰ.语法填空 在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．He felt nervous with the whole class ________ (look) at him.‎ ‎2．You must understand ________ important it is for us to learn English well.‎ ‎3．It is very important to keep children ________ (safety) when we are away on holiday.‎ ‎4．The woman tried her best to protect the chimps in their ________ (nature) habitat.‎ ‎5．We take this chance to express our sincere ________ ‎ ‎(appreciate) of your help.‎ ‎6．The little girl ________ (bite) badly by mosquitoes last night.‎ ‎7．After ________ while，I began to get bored with my job.‎ ‎8．The thieves dropped the things and ran away as ________ (quick) as they could.‎ ‎9．One of the ________ (amaze) things about life，for me，is that we have a choice in everything we do.‎ ‎10．The TV set ________ (repair) by a friend of my father's now.‎ 答案：1.looking　2.how　3.safe　4.natural ‎5．appreciation　6.was bitten　7.a　8.quickly ‎9．amazing　10.is being repaired Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子 ‎1．The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring，________________________________(阳光照耀，鸟儿歌唱)．‎ ‎2．________________________________(在学年远未结束之前)，students begin their search for job during vacation.‎ ‎3．Too much stress not only makes us lose our motivation to study______________________________(而且毁了我们的健康)．‎ ‎4．Everyone wants to visit the place ____________________(他曾工作过的)．‎ ‎5．If visitors to the place do _______________________(‎ 像那对夫妻一样)，it will be polluted soon.‎ ‎6．My uncle is ________________________________(如此和善以至于)all of us like him.‎ 答案：1.with the sun shining and birds singing　2.Long before the end of the school year　3.but also ruins our health　4.where he once worked　5.as the couple did ‎6．so kind that B级　能力提升 Ⅲ.阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。‎ A primary school is grading parents on how much they support their children.Parents of pupils at Greasley Beauvale primary school，in Newthorpe，Notts，are marked from A to D based on their involvement (参与) with their children's education.‎ The system is planned to improve the children's performance at school by encouraging their mothers and fathers to attend events，such as parents' evenings and plays，and help in learning at home.It has been in place since 2011 and has become public knowledge thanks to an Ofsted report which praised the school for its surprising results.‎ ‎“For many children at this school，it is making a huge ‎ difference，” wrote Sir Michael Wilshaw，head of Ofsted，assessing (评价) Nottinghamshire schools in his final yearly report.He said that children of parents in groups A and B make greatly better progress than those whose parents are in groups C and D，but that the system promises less－engaged (参与度较低的) parents are supported by the school.“Telling a parent what the influence their lack of involvement is having on the life chances of their child is not easy，” wrote Sir Michael.‎ Pat Walker，63，whose eight－year－old granddaughter studies in the school，said: “I think it's very good for the pupils and the parents and the grandparents as well.” But those parents who work nine to five won't have enough time as stay－at－home mums to go to more school events.“They'll have us all wearing poor students' hats next，” said a mother，who did not wish to be named.“It's really silly.” She said that “it's one thing when your child gets a bad grade，but now they openly embarrass his parents too.” Another mother，who argued that the system had unfairly turned over responsibility from teachers to parents，said：“I thought I have escaped the scary school report，but the system will bring it back.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　一所小学根据家长对孩子学习的支持度对他们进行打分分级。‎ ‎1．What's the purpose of the grading parents?‎ A．To build up close relationships with teachers.‎ B．To encourage parents to play more with kids.‎ C．To raise students' performance at school.‎ D．To encourage parents to learn more knowledge.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The system is planned to improve the children's performance at school by encouraging their mothers and fathers to attend events”可知，这一制度旨在通过鼓励家长参与到孩子的学习活动中来，从而提高孩子在学校的表现。‎ 答案：C ‎2．What can we learn about the system?‎ A．It became well－known because of a report.‎ B．It was built by the local government in 2011.‎ C．It is popular among primary schools.‎ D．It helps increase the number of students.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“It has been in place since 2011 and has become public knowledge thanks to an Ofsted report...”可知，这一制度设立于2011年，因一份报告才被公众了解。‎ 答案：A ‎3．Which statement on Pat Walker is TRUE?‎ A．He still works nine to five.‎ B．He thinks that the system is helpful.‎ C．He is a stay－at－home grandfather.‎ D．He refuses to join in school events.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Pat Walker，63，whose eight－year－old granddaughter studies in the school，said: ‘I think it's very good for the pupils and the parents and the grandparents as well’”可知，63岁的帕特·沃克有一个八岁的孙女在这所学校上学。他说：“我认为这样对孩子、父母以及祖父母都有好处。”故他认为这个制度是很有用的。‎ 答案：B ‎4．What can we know from the passage?‎ A．Parents pay little attention to school reports.‎ B．Not all parents support the system.‎ C．Parents believe that they know how to educate kids.‎ D．Working－class families should spend more time with children.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，一位不愿意透露姓名的家长认为这会给一部分人扣上差生的帽子，她认为这很荒谬。她说“你的孩子成绩差是一回事，而今学校却公然令父母也下不来台。”；另一位妈妈则认为这种做法是把老师的责任转嫁到了家长头上。这是不公平的。由此可知，不是所有的家长都支持这项制度。‎ 答案：B Ⅳ.七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Are you spending your holidays sitting around bored with nothing to do? You can find many ways to fill your days.‎ Step out into the fresh air.__1__．Not only is a quick trip out of the house interesting and mood－lifting，but also a great opportunity for exercise.If you have been thinking of losing weight，then go out.You can walk，ride your bike，play your favourite sport or even try a new one.Any of these kinds of activities is a good way to get healthy.‎ ‎__2__．If you have been thinking of doing something new and never have the time to do it，then do it.Do not waste your time sitting in front of the TV and watching films over and over.You could be broadening your horizons (拓展视野) with a totally－new experience.‎ ‎__3__：‎ ‎·Trying a new kind of food ‎·Joining a new club ‎·Playing a new sport Making money. If you're saving up for something，try to set up an outdoor sale outside your house.It's the easiest thing to do—get some old toys and make some food，and you're done.If it doesn't go that well，at least you had fun trying.__4__．Check with your community to make sure you are allowed to do this.You can also do ‎ housework for money.Try babysitting，car washing，garden tidying，house－sitting，pet－sitting，dog walking，etc.‎ Relax.__5__Just do whatever you want or do nothing at all.Have a day in and relax，or go kite－flying.It's up to you! Try cloud－watching.It's a good excuse for lying on the ground and just watch the sky fly by.‎ A．Below are just a few ideas B．If the weather is bad，then go to the gym C．Simple outdoor activities should be valued D．Do something you have never done before E．If none of these ideas can attract you，perhaps it's a rest day F．Remember to practice good safety habits when going to a new area G．And you've tidied out the old things to make way for the new 答案：1.C　2.D　3.A　4.G　5.E Ⅴ.完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Last week，I stepped out during the lunchtime and on my way back to the office，I stopped to get a salad from Potbelly Sandwich Shop.I __1__the salad，made it back to my desk and hung up my coat there.That's when it __2__me that my wallet was missing.‎ I told myself I should remain__3__．But unfortunately，I got into a panic.I __4__ everywhere for it，even in the bag the salad came in，__5__it was nowhere to be found.I thought of my beautiful pink wallet，which was new.I'd__6__dropped it at Potbelly.What were the__7__that it was still there? The answer might be “No”．This is a place where__8__usually warn you to watch your wallet if you ride the subway.I made a__9__to Potbelly and a man answered.“Hello，” I said.“I think I left my wallet...” “Is it__10__？” The man said before I could finish.“I keep it for you.” I __11__ over to Potbelly and met the waiter who'd kept it__12__for me.I thanked the man who treated me and my__13__kindly.‎ And then I remembered this wasn't the first time__14__had helped me.Back in June，I visited a museum；afterward I stopped at Cosi for lunch.I__15__into my bag for my wallet...but found__16__．It turned out that I'd left my wallet at home! I explained to the waiter what had happened and said “Sorry”．I__17__him to take the food I had ordered away.But the waiter just__18__me the food and said，“Don't worry about it，and come back tomorrow.” She had no way of knowing whether I'd__19__or not.But she decided to help me out.‎ The kindness from strangers impressed me a lot.And a__20__act of kindness can make a big difference.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了作者在一家三明治店里买了色拉，将它拿回到办公室时发现她的钱包掉了。她给店里打电话，店里回答有人拾到，已为她保管的故事，说明陌生人的善意行动会让人感动，即使是小小的善意也可以意义重大。‎ ‎1．A.ate up　　　　　 B．waited for C．threw away D．paid for 解析：根据上文“I stopped to get a salad”以及“made it back to my desk”可知，作者在一家三明治店里买了沙拉，付款之后，将它放在她办公室的桌子上。‎ 答案：D ‎2．A.hit B．annoyed C．changed D．attracted 解析：根据下文“my wallet was missing”可知，作者挂衣服的时候突然意识到自己的钱包不见了。hit在此处是“使突然想起”之意。‎ 答案：A ‎3．A.young B．calm C．happy D．active 解析：根据下文“But unfortunately，I got into a panic.”可知，发现钱包丢了之后，作者告诫自己要保持冷静，但是不幸的是，她变得惊慌失措。‎ 答案：B ‎4．A.noticed B．put C．searched D．carried 解析：根据上文第一段“my wallet was missing”可知，发现钱包丢了之后，作者开始到处寻找。‎ 答案：C ‎5．A.or B．so C．and D．but 解析：根据下文“it was nowhere to be found”可知，但是作者到处都没找着。‎ 答案：D ‎6．A.mainly B．probably C．suddenly D．finally 解析：根据下文“dropped it at Potbelly”可知，作者推断她很可能将钱包遗失在那家三明治店里了。‎ 答案：B ‎7．A.ideas B．times C．chances D．reasons 解析：根据下文“The answer might be ‘No’”可知，作者在反问，钱包有没有可能性仍然在三明治店里呢？答案可能是“No”。‎ 答案：C ‎8．A.policemen B．teachers C．drivers D．scientists 解析：根据下文“to watch your wallet if you ride the subway”‎ 可知，作者所处的城市是一个警察要经常提醒地铁乘客注意自己钱包的地方。即这个城市很容易丢东西。‎ 答案：A ‎9．A.decision B．mistake C．wish D．call 解析：根据下文“a man answered”以及“Hello”可知，作者给三明治店打了电话。‎ 答案：D ‎10．A.dark B．full C．pink D．dirty 解析：根据上文“I thought of my beautiful pink wallet”可知，作者的钱包是粉红色的，所以接电话的人问“钱包是粉红色吗？”‎ 答案：C ‎11．A.jumped B．rushed C．flew D．moved 解析：根据上文“I keep it for you”可知，接电话的人说在替作者保管钱包，作者急忙跑过去领取。‎ 答案：B ‎12．A.safe B．free C．open D．clean 解析：根据上文“I keep it for you”可知，作者见到了帮自己保管钱包的人。‎ 答案：A ‎13．A.phone B．food C．wallet D．watch 解析：作者向那个友善地对待她和她钱包的人表示感谢。‎ 答案：C ‎14．A.writers B．visitors C．managers D．strangers 解析：根据下文最后一段“The kindness from strangers impressed me a lot.”可知，作者想起这不是第一次得到陌生人的帮助。‎ 答案：D ‎15．A.knocked B．reached C．walked D．fell 解析：根据下文“my bag for my wallet”可知，作者将手伸进包里去拿钱包。‎ 答案：B ‎16．A.nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 解析：根据上文“but”以及下文“It turned out that I'd left my wallet at home！”可知，后来证明作者把钱包忘在了家里。故当作者把手伸进包里拿钱包时，她什么也没找到。‎ 答案：A ‎17．A.warned B．forced C．ordered D．expected 解析：根据上文“I explained to the waiter what had happened and said ‘sorry’．”可知，作者向服务员解释了自己没有带钱并且向收银员表示歉意。因为没有钱，作者预料服务员会把作者点的食物带走。‎ 答案：D ‎18．A.sold B．handed C．cooked D．prepared 解析：根据下文“Don't worry about it，and come back tomorrow”可知，服务员对作者说不用担心，明天再来(付款)。由此可知，这位服务员把东西递给了作者。‎ 答案：B ‎19．A.pay B．eat C．return D．buy 解析：根据上文“come back tomorrow”可知，服务员对作者说让她第二天再来，作者说那位服务员不知道作者明天是否会回到那个店里，但仍将东西给她，服务员是想帮助作者。‎ 答案：C ‎20．A.small B．funny C．normal D．special 解析：根据上文“The kindness from strangers impressed me a lot”可知，作者说陌生人们的善意行为使她很感动。作者认为，‎ 一个小小的善意行为可以意义重大。‎ 答案：A 单元质量评估(四)‎ ‎(时间：100分钟　满分：120分)‎ 第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Animal conservation Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger.Finding ways to protect the earth's wildlife and conserve the natural world they inhabit(居住)is now more important than ever.‎ Dodos The Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth's biology.The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.It lived off fruit fallen from the ‎ island's trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 1505.The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the Island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats.The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.‎ Rhinos The Rhino(犀牛)horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicine.This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat.Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia，most Rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves(保护区)．Their number has rapidly decreased in the last 50 years，and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers(偷袭者)．‎ The Giant Panda The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain.As few as 1，600 pandas remain in the wild.The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in ‎ prison.However，the panda's distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determines poachers still pose(造成)one of the most serious threats to the animal's continued existence.‎ Whales The International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species.Despite the fact that one－third of the world's oceans have been declared the whale sanctuaries(保护区)，7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered.Whales being hunted for their rich supply of oil，their number has decreased to just 300.Collisions with ships，poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.‎ Tigers The last 100 years have seen a 95% reduction in the number of remaining tigers to between 5，000 and 7，000 and the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers are already extinct.The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing，with only 20 to 30 still alive.Like ‎ the Rhino horn，tigers' bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines.These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章介绍了已经灭绝了的和现在生存环境并不理想的一些濒危动物，旨在引起人们对动物保护的重视。‎ ‎1．It implies that ________．‎ A．the Dodo lacked the ability to protect itself from other animals B．sailors to the Island of Mauritius lived mainly on the Dodo C．the Dodo used to be a strong animal that liked fighting D．the Dodo，pigs，monkeys and rats were the natives to the Island of Mauritius 解析：推理判断题。从文章中的“flightless，lived off fruit fallen from the island's trees...easily controlled”等词可推测出Dodo鸟缺少保护自己的能力。‎ 答案：A ‎2．Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text?‎ A．The Dodo，Rhinos and Giant Pandas.‎ B．The Rhino，Whales and South China tigers.‎ C．The Rhino，Pandas，Whales and Tigers.‎ D．The Dodo and the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.”可判断Dodo鸟是灭绝的动物之一，再根据最后一段中的“the Bali，Javan，and Caspian tigers are already extinct.”可得知灭绝的动物还有这几种。‎ 答案：D ‎3．Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A．The number of South China tigers has reached a crisis point.‎ B．Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activities.‎ C．People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.‎ D．The whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund.‎ 解析：推理判断题。从第四段中的“The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain.”一句可知选D。‎ 答案：D ‎4．Which of the following is mentioned in all the descriptions of those wild animals?‎ A．The way of their life.‎ B．The reason for their extinction or being in danger.‎ C．Why they are hunted.‎ D．Punishment for hunting wild animals.‎ 解析：推理判断题。针对五种野生动物进行介绍，内容不尽相同，‎ 有的介绍了人们为什么猎取它们；有的介绍了这些野生动物剩存的数量；有的介绍了对于猎取野生动物的惩罚手段，但有一点是相同的，即：Dodo鸟灭绝的原因以及其他四类野生动物濒临灭绝的原因。‎ 答案：B B Selfie sticks (自拍杆) are now often used，as are selfie cameras on phones，and the word “selfie” was even added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013.The results of a recent research have showed that about 93 million selfies were taken per day in 2014，counting only those taken on Android phones.‎ While selfies are extremely common，opinions__on__selfies__are__divided，with some seeing them as a creative idea and a way to connect other people and others seeing them as narcissistic(自恋的) and unreal.‎ As a new cultural pattern，selfies are of interest to psychologists，in terms of how people think and feel when taking and viewing both their own selfies and those posted by others.In a recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology，Sarah Diefenbach，a scientist at Ludwig－Maximilians－University Munich，carried out an online survey to study people's motivation (动机) for posting selfies and comments when taking and viewing selfies.‎ A total of 238 people living in Austria，Germany and ‎ Switzerland completed the survey.The researchers found that 77% of the volunteers regularly took selfies.Interestingly，as 77% of the volunteers taking selfies regularly，62－67% agreed on the likely negative influences of selfies.82% of the volunteers explained that they would rather see other types of photos instead of selfies on social media.This behaviour，that many people regularly take selfies but most people don't appear to like them has been called the “selfie paradox(自拍悖论)” by Diefenbach.‎ The key to the paradox may lie in the way the volunteers view their own selfies，compared with those of others.The volunteers explained that their own selfies have greater self－exhibition and are more believable when compared with selfies taken by others.“This may explain how everybody can take selfies without feeling narcissistic.If most people think like this，then it is no wonder that the world is full of selfies，”Diefenbach explains.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　自拍在社交媒体上极为流行，但你知道为什么人们爱自拍却不爱看自拍吗？‎ ‎5．What can we know about the recent research?‎ A．Selfies make people close to each other.‎ B．People want to show the world their happiness.‎ C．Selfies are quite common and very popular.‎ D．Most selfies in the research are taken on Android phones.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“the word ‘selfie’ was even added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013...The results of a recent research have showed that about 93 million selfies were taken per day in 2014”可知，根据一项研究结果显示，2014年每天大约产生九千三百万张自拍照，2013年“selfie”一词甚至收入了牛津英语词典。由此可知，自拍非常常见，而且极为流行。‎ 答案：C ‎6．What can we learn from the underlined sentence?‎ A．The author has a different opinion about selfies.‎ B．Different people have different ideas about selfies.‎ C．The volunteers were divided into two different teams.‎ D．There were two different patterns of selfies.‎ 解析：句意理解题。根据第二段“some seeing them as a creative idea and a way to connect other people and others seeing them as narcissistic and unreal”可知，有的人将自拍看作一种创意想法，认为这是与他人互动的方式，然而其他人却认为自拍意味着自恋，而且是不真实的。由此可知，不同的人对自拍有不同的看法。‎ 答案：B ‎7．Which statement about the research of 238 volunteers is TRUE?‎ A．The Germans took up a half amount.‎ B．All the volunteers are from the same country.‎ C．The men studied spent less time taking selfies.‎ D．More than half of the volunteers prefer to see other types of photos.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“82% of the volunteers explained that they would rather see other types of photos instead of selfies on social media”可知，82%的志愿者表示他们更愿意在社交媒体上看其他类型的照片，而不是自拍的照片。‎ 答案：D ‎8．According to Diefenbach，the reason why the world is full of selfies is that________．‎ A．selfies on social media should be changed regularly B．few people realize that they take selfies too often C．the volunteers believe their own selfies are more believale D．people who like to take selfies don't consider they are narcissistic 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容以及最后一段“This may explain how everybody can take selfies without feeling narcissistic.If most people think like this，then it is no wonder that the world is full of selfies”可知，迪芬巴赫把这种现象——许多人定期自拍但大多数人好像不喜欢看别人的自拍——称作“自拍悖论”。他认为“这可能就解释了为什么每个自拍的人都不感觉自己是自恋的。如果大多数人都这么想，这个世界上充满自拍就不足为奇了。”由此可知答案。‎ 答案：D C I was accepted for the International Summer School at Oslo University，Norway.It was midnight when I received the news.I woke up my parents to tell them I would be one of the 500 students visiting this beautiful country on a full scholarship (奖学金)．My parents were delighted.But they were anxious about how I'd manage on my own in a foreign land for the first time.‎ I left home with excitement and nervousness.I slept through the long flight and woke up to the announcement that we had come to Oslo airport.Now，if I were in India I would have taken a taxi to Oslo University，but my online research had taught me that in Oslo，taking a taxi would be thought of as spendthrift．So I took the low－priced public transportation to the university instead.‎ Upon reaching there，I was told that my room had been arranged and my roommate had checked in.My roommate was a Chinese boy，who became my first friend.I was to study a course on international development and the class had students from 20 different countries.I worked with my classmates on group projects.Team work brought us closer.We realized that we shared similar dreams about our future.‎ Oslo is the city that has an excellent public transport system ‎ which impressed me most.One can get to a beach or forest within minutes.In our free time，we went hiking and I realized how much I loved being outdoors.I learnt to read maps，and picked up Norwegian.The hardest part，though，was getting used to eating dinner at 5：00 pm.‎ I came back to India with a lot of happy memories，which of course，include my new friends who helped me and walked with me in this beautiful country.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者在挪威奥斯陆大学的海外学习经历。‎ ‎9．Hearing what the author told them，the author's parents were________．‎ A．surprised and delighted B．very happy but worried C．tired but very happy D．excited and very shocked 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents were delighted.But they were anxious about how I'd manage on my own in a foreign land for the first time.”可知，作者的父母得知这个好消息后非常高兴，但是又对孩子第一次出国感到担心。‎ 答案：B ‎10．What does the underlined word “spendthrift” in ‎ Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Pitiful.　　　　　 B．Common.‎ C．Wasteful. D．Popular.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“if I were in India I would have taken a taxi to Oslo University”以及“So I took the low－priced public transportation to the university instead.”可知，如果是在印度，作者就会乘坐出租车去大学了；然而作者最后是乘坐低价的公共交通去的大学。由此可知，在奥斯陆，乘坐出租车被认为是很浪费的。‎ 答案：C ‎11．This passage mainly tells about________．‎ A．the author's first overseas study B．how to make many foreign friends C．how to get a full scholarship D．the author's summer camp travel in China 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了作者在挪威奥斯陆大学的海外学习经历。‎ 答案：A D Raising a baby takes a lot of work, especially when that baby is a king penguin. Now, it looks like climate change will make life even harder for these birds.‎ Most king penguins live on the Crozet Archipelago, a group of ‎ islands in the Indian Ocean, about 1，000 miles north of Antarctica. After the penguin chicks are born in November，which is summer in the Southern Hemisphere，both parents spend 4 months collecting fish to feed their offspring (后代)．‎ When the fish move to deeper waters in March, the adults swim hundreds of miles south. There, near the Antarctic ice, they spend the winter eating seafood to add to their own energy stores. In October, the parents return to their babies and finish raising them.‎ Scientists from France have been studying king penguins for a decade. Starting in 1998，Yvon Le Maho and his colleagues put electronic ID tags under the skin of hundreds of penguins. These are the same types of tags you might put in your dog or cat so that you can track them if they're lost. The tags have allowed researchers to get everything about penguins, such as how long they live, whether they return from their winter trips, and if their babies manage to survive the winter.‎ To see whether water temperatures affect the penguins, Le Maho compared his data with temperature records. Ocean surface temperatures vary from year to year. And previous research had shown that fewer fish and other creatures grow when the water is warmer. Le Maho suspected that this drop would make it harder for adult penguins to survive the hard times ahead. Indeed, his results ‎ showed that fewer adults survived during winters when the water was especially warm.‎ King penguins can live for up to 30 years. And for now, the population still appears healthy. But a warming trend could spell big trouble for a bird that depends on cold and ice.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　科学家们通过植入企鹅体内的电子标签了解到企鹅的各种信息，从而了解到由于全球变暖，企鹅的生存正面临着巨大威胁。‎ ‎12．What do adult penguins do in March?‎ A．They swim south to find food for their offspring.‎ B．They leave their offspring alone for months.‎ C．They take their offspring elsewhere to search for food.‎ D．They teach their offspring some living skills.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知在三月份，成年企鹅会往南游，在那里度过冬天，为自己储存能量，到10月份它们才回到孩子的身边，履行它们的养育职责，因此正确答案为B项。‎ 答案：B ‎13．In the research, electronic ID tags were used to________．‎ A．help penguins recognize each other B．help researchers tell one penguin from another C．keep track of the details of the penguins D．help researchers find the lost penguins 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“The tags have allowed researchers to get everything about penguins...”可知通过把电子标签植入企鹅体内，研究者们可以了解到有关企鹅的各种信息，故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎14．What attitude does the author hold towards the future of penguins?‎ A．Worried. B．Optimistic.‎ C．Indifferent. D．Satisfied.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中最后一句话可知作者对企鹅的命运感到担忧。‎ 答案：A ‎15．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To call on people to fight against global warming.‎ B．To call on people to protect the endangered penguins.‎ C．To tell global warming is threatening the survival of penguins.‎ D．To explain how global warming affects the life of sea animals.‎ 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现全球变暖给企鹅的生存带来了隐患。‎ 答案：C 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Holidays with friends can be great fun and a good way of getting to know each other better.Once you are on holiday，the trip can be full of fantastic memories if it's planned correctly.‎ ‎·Choose a destination ‎16____ Going abroad will cost more but be a more exciting experience.Going to a different place in your own country can also be fun and will be cheaper.‎ ‎·Collect your friends Find out how much interest there is from people to go on the trip，and work out your maximum and invite those who you get on well with.‎ ‎·Meet up Everyone will have their own idea of what the trip is to be like，so meet up at a local café or restaurant，and share your ideas and concerns.____17____ Don't try to overpower others.Once you've all shared ideas you'll have a much better idea of how to start organizing the trip.‎ ‎·Look for accommodation ‎18____ When you are searching for a place to stay in，read reviews and ratings(等级)．Book it as soon as possible because leaving ‎ it too late is going to make things harder.‎ ‎·Book transport Once you have accommodation，you'll know the dates of your stay and be able to book transport，coach，bus，airplane，etc.____19____‎ ‎·Choose things you want to do there When you are on your trip it will be more relaxing if you have a good idea of what kind of things you want to do.Research the area on the Internet and book some activities you want to join in.____20____ Don't book a load of things which you can't afford.‎ A．One person will naturally be the leader.‎ B．Check out if your idea is necessary.‎ C．The first step is to work out where you want to go.‎ D．Match the activities to your budget.‎ E．Booking transport well in advance lowers the cost greatly，so please do it soon.‎ F．Make sure that the trip to the foreign country is not too long.‎ G．Find out your hotel near the place you want to visit. ‎ 答案：16.C　17.A　18.G　19.E　20.D 第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)‎ 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I take the train to work every morning from a train station near my house.I can get to the station quite __21__ because there is a shortcut(捷径)to the station.But in the summer，it can get quite smelly because of all the __22__．So I always try to __23__ through it.Today I was trying to do so as usual __24__ something made me stop for a moment.I saw the most beautiful __25__ by an old woman walking in front of me with the help of a white __26__．‎ She was short and __27__ and had white hair.She was walking __28__ as each step took some effort.I hadn't specially noticed her __29__，until she stopped near a rubbish bin.‎ She slowly placed her walking stick __30__ the rubbish bin.Then she leaned(倚靠)on it with her right hand.She bent down and __31__ the rubbish.She clearly found it __32__ and it took her a while.She __33__ some rubbish with her left hand and slowly straightened(挺直) herself up again.All the while she used the rubbish bin to __34__ herself.She threw the rubbish inside the bin and then __35__ walking.It all took her a great effort.‎ There's so much rubbish and no one ever does __36__ about it.I was moved to __37__ this old woman make such a great effort to keep even a small part of it __38__！I haven't been able to __39__ thinking about that all day.‎ I want to follow her example.I've decided to pick up rubbish off the __40__ if I see it from now on.I hope people will do the same as I do.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”在上班的路上看见一位老人艰难地捡起垃圾以保持地面干净，“我”被深深地感动了。‎ ‎21．A.hard B．early C．easily D．late 解析：根据下文中的“because there is a shortcut to the station”可知，“我”可以很容易地来到车站。‎ 答案：C ‎22．A.rubbish B．boxes C．bottles D．paper 解析：根据上文中的smelly(有臭味的)可知，路上有垃圾。故A项正确。‎ 答案：A ‎23．A.walk B．pass C．go D．rush 解析：根据上下文可知路上有垃圾，气味难闻，所以“我”跑着过去了。‎ 答案：D ‎24．A.so B．until C．when D．because 解析：be doing sth when...“正要做某事时，突然……”。‎ 答案：C ‎25．A.back B．act C．mark D．colour 解析：根据下文可知，那个老婆婆把垃圾捡起来了，这是一种很美的行动。act意为“行为，行动”。‎ 答案：B ‎26．A.bike B．stick C．dog D．umbrella 解析：根据下文中的“She slowly placed her walking stick”可知，那个老婆婆是用一个手杖(stick)来帮助自己走路的。‎ 答案：B ‎27．A.weak B．rich C．clever D．sad 解析：根据上文中的short可知，这里应该是一个与它同类的形容人的词。且由下文中的“She was walking __28__ as each step took some effort”可知，她很虚弱。‎ 答案：A ‎28．A.quickly B．happily C．angrily D．slowly 解析：根据空后的“as each step took some effort”和常识可知，她行走得应该是比较慢的。‎ 答案：D ‎29．A.at midnight B．at noon C．at last D．at first 解析：起初“我”并没有特别注意到她。at midnight意为“在午夜”；at noon意为“在中午”；at last意为“最后”；at first意为“起初”。故本题选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎30．A.in B．around C．against D．under 解析：against“紧靠，倚”，这里是指手杖紧靠着垃圾箱。‎ 答案：C ‎31．A.searched for B．threw away C．reached for D．looked at 解析：她弯下身去，伸手去够垃圾。search for意为“寻找”；throw away意为“扔掉”；reach for意为“伸手去拿”；look at意为“看”。故本题选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎32．A.unable B．difficult C．different D．impossible 解析：根据上下文可知她这样做很困难。‎ 答案：B ‎33．A.picked up B．dropped down C．put in D．lifted up 解析：pick up“捡起”；drop down意为“突然倒下，落下”；put in意为“插(话等)”；lift up意为“举起，提起”。根据上下文可知，这里是指她捡起了一些垃圾。‎ 答案：A ‎34．A.warm B．enjoy C．support D．hide 解析：根据本段第二句“Then she leaned on it with her right hand”可知她靠在垃圾桶边。‎ 答案：C ‎35．A.continued B．started C．enjoyed D．remembered 解析：根据上文可知，她停下来捡垃圾，现在继续向前走。‎ 答案：A ‎36．A.something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 解析：从来没有一个人对此做任何事情。否定句中一般用anything，故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎37．A.feel B．see C．have D．let 解析：根据上下文可知，这里是指“我”‎ 看到这位老人所做的巨大努力。‎ 答案：B ‎38．A.busy B．beautiful C．dirty D．clean 解析：根据上文她把垃圾捡起来扔进垃圾箱里可知，她是让这个哪怕只是很小的一块地方也保持干净。‎ 答案：D ‎39．A.keep B．stop C．mind D．regret 解析：根据上下文，尤其是本句的时间状语all day可知，“我”一整天都在思考这个问题。‎ 答案：B ‎40．A.wall B．desk C．ground D．classroom 解析：根据上下文可判断出这位老婆婆是捡起在地上的垃圾。“我”也准备像她那样做，故选C。‎ 答案：C 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I met an artist in the park today.She felt very content 41.________ her art which was created by her and the local school ‎ children together.There were happy 42.________(family) with their pets on the artwork.In addition，her next project was 43.________(astonish)．She was going to create a large painting that would cover 44.________whole wall at the Children's hospital.Again，she 45.________(plan) to do it with children from the neighbourhood.What a heartwarming idea! 46.________(health) children would be creating art for sick children.I imagined the day when the painting would be finished.The children 47.________worked so hard on it would be happy to show what they had created.And the children 48.________(wait) to see the painting would be 49.________(equal) excited to see what was behind the curtain.Children helping children were happy.The artist woke me up from my daydream and said，I could use a lot of volunteers to help with this project! I asked the artist 50.________ (count) me in! I would be happy to help make this dream come true!‎ 答案：41.with　42.families　43.astonishing　44.a ‎45．planned　46.Healthy　47.who/that　48.waiting ‎49．equally　50.to count 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10‎ 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()画掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The American TV show The Voice is one of my favourite show.On the one hand，I can listen to different styles of music.On the another hand，I can see the singers'stories，that are so inspiring.I was such impressed by a boy that I couldn't hold my tears.When the boy was very small，he loved to sing.He was used to singing while done farm work.Later，he learned to play guitar.Finally，the boy brought his guitar to the stage，and he wears a fashionable hat which made him so mysteriously.When the boy sang a song with his guitar，the judges were astonishing by his talent.They chose him immediately.It was turned out that the boy won the game.‎ 答案：‎ The American TV show The Voice is one of my favourite .On the one hand，I can listen to different styles of music.On the hand，I can see the singers' stories， are so inspiring.I was impressed by a boy that I couldn't hold my ‎ tears.When the boy was very small，he loved to sing.He was used to singing while farm work.Later，he learned to play guitar.Finally，the boy brought his guitar to the stage，and he a fashionable hat which made him so .When the boy sang a song with his guitar，the judges were by his talent.They chose him immediately.It turned out that the boy won the game.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华，随着“一带一路”的广泛宣传，你的朋友Alice想知道丝绸之路的开拓者张骞的情况，请给你的朋友写封邮件介绍一下。内容包括：‎ ‎1．基本情况。‎ ‎2．影响及贡献。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右。‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：diplomatic外交的，promote促进 ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ Dear Alice，‎ How are you these days? Through your letter，I know you want to learn something about Zhang Qian，the pioneer of the Silk Road.Now I tell you something about him.‎ Zhang Qian was an outstanding explorer in Chinese history，who was born in the Han Dynasty.When he was sent on a diplomatic task to the Western Regions，he opened up a road between ancient China and other parts of the world，which is called the Silk Road.‎ What he did promoted not only material exchanges but also cultural exchanges between the east and the west.In a word，he made great contributions to the development of China.‎ I hope the information can help you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua