2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：选修8Unit22　EnvironmentalProtection作业

2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：选修8Unit22　EnvironmentalProtection作业

选修8　Unit 22　Environmental Protection 能力提升题组训练(A)‎ Ⅰ.阅读(2019湖南三湘名校教育联盟高三联考)‎ Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet,it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water.Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.Recently,Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.‎ It is a convenient,clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten.To drink it,you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth.To eat it,you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth.One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck.However,they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane.It is targeting large outdoor events,such as marathons,music festivals,and sporting events,where tons of plastic bottles are used,and frequently left behind as litter.And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment,which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.‎ The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied a patent for their new advancements.The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet,but they cost about two cents to create a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles.It has appeared at events in London,San Francisco,Boston,at conferences,festivals,and so on.‎ Ooho is catching many people’s attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days.It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer’s interest while the production machine is getting up and running.It is quickly making a rise,so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.‎ ‎1.How is most plastic dealt with in America?‎ A.It’s sold. B.It’s recycled. C.It’s buried. D.It’s wasted.‎ ‎2.Why did the team invent Ooho?‎ A.To make a profit for a company. B.To protect the environment.‎ C.To make people eat as they drink. D.To reduce the cost of plastic bottle.‎ ‎3.What can we infer about Ooho from the text?‎ A.It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.‎ B.It has become popular since it began to be sold.‎ C.It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.‎ D.It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.‎ ‎4.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?‎ A.Ooho is to be a success in the future. B.Ooho is being supported by smart people.‎ C.Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now. D.Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.‎ 语篇解读:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Skipping Rocks Lab发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho,它是一个能携带液体资源的球面薄膜,它的制作成本很低,强韧且环保、可生物降解而且可食用。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段的Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.可知,在美国,只有23%的塑料资源被回收利用,大部分的塑料都被当作垃圾扔掉了,故选D。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water和第二段And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment,which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.可知,Skipping Rocks Lab发明新型环保的储水容器Ooho,它是一个能携带液体资源的球面薄膜,它的制作成本很低,强韧且环保、可生物降解而且可食用。因此可知其目的是保护环境,故选B。‎ ‎3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段的The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet,but they cost about two cents to create ‎ a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles可知,制造储水容器Ooho的成本比塑料矿泉水瓶低得多,因此可以推断出其市场售价可能会比塑料瓶低,故选C。‎ ‎4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是It is quickly making a rise,so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.这一句话可知,许多投资商看好储水容器Ooho的市场前景,作者也相信它一定会成功的,故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五(2019山东实验中学高三模拟)‎ Every minute,every single day,about a truckload of plastic enters our oceans.1.　　　 And to date,only 9%of that has been recycled. ‎ We buy a bottle of water,drink it for a few minutes,and toss its permanent packaging “away”.We eat potato chips,finish them,then throw their permanent packaging“away”.We buy produce,take it out of the unnecessary plastic wrap,then throw its permanent packaging “away”.‎ The cycle is endless,and it happens countless times every single day.2.　　　 As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear.Chances are,it ends up polluting our communities,oceans or waterways in some form. ‎ For years,we’ve been told the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through batter individual action.3.　　　 But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess. ‎ Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our ‎ oceans;we have to get to the source of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste.Think about it:if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on,your first step wouldn’t be to start mopping.You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap.4.　　 ‎ We need corporations—those like Coca-Cola,Unilever,Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to produce throwaway plastic bottles—to step up and take their responsibility for the mess they’ve created.5.　　　.We will continue to do our part,but it’s time for the world’s largest corporations to do theirs. ‎ A.This is their problem to deal with.‎ B.Plastic pollution is becoming very serious.‎ C.But here is the problem—there is no “away”.‎ D.In many ways,our plastic problem is no different.‎ E.We think that if we simply recycle we’re doing our part.‎ F.It’s impossible for us to get rid of plastic pollution completely.‎ G.Since the 1950s,some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide.‎ 答案:1-5　GCEDA Ⅲ.完形填空 One evening,Catherine was at home as usual.As her 　1　 swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for ‎ the evening,she was unexpectedly 　2　 by an urgent call from her sister “Get over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you...” One Facebook message and a phone interview later,Catherine 　3　 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah,picking up trash and 　4　 awareness about zero-waste and climate change. ‎ With a deep love of the environment and a desire to make a 　5　,Catherine,Davey,and a group of self 　6　“environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up.As they walked,sometimes only covering 0.9 miles in an entire day,they 　7　 and steadily made their way across the United States for three years,picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash. ‎ Catherine and Davey 　8　 with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their efforts to continue their journey.After spending weeks silently 　9　 how she would have enough money to fly home for their two-week spring break,Catherine found a blank,unidentified envelope 　10　 with $850 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.After their bus 　11　outside of Denver,they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later,just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where 　12　 from all over the state came together with a 　13　of cleaning up trash all over the park. ‎ Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal,and they realized that much of what they 　14　 was more than just a coincidence.Together,their team learned to simply 　15　 themselves to their task,and surrender to the journey. ‎ ‎1.A.hands B.balance C.thoughts D.position ‎2.A.blamed B.interrupted C.moved D.frightened ‎3.A.dropped B.cheered C.found D.taught ‎4.A.abandoning B.shaking C.raising D.hiding ‎5.A.difference B.promise C.mistake D.plan ‎6.A.corrected B.described C.repeated D.discovered ‎7.A.slowly B.secretly C.helplessly D.frequently ‎8.A.heard B.shared C.wrote D.read ‎9.A.worrying about B.replying to C.depending on D.meeting with ‎10.A.equipped B.supplied C.decorated D.filled ‎11.A.set off B.broke down C.headed for D.held on ‎12.A.members B.volunteers C.tourists D.reporters ‎13.A.purpose B.question C.decision D.lesson ‎14.A.introduced B.expected C.experienced D.examined ‎15.A.turn B.limit C.compare D.devote 语篇解读:‎ 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了凯瑟琳、戴维和一群自命为“环保拾荒艺术家”的人带着对环境的热爱和想要有所作为的愿望,沿着海岸公路边的垃圾拾荒的故事。她们的故事也激励了更多的志愿者加入了这样的行动中来。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.C　hands手;balance平衡;thoughts想法;position位置。根据between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening可知,此处指她的想法。故C项正确。‎ ‎2.B　blamed责备;interrupted打断;moved移动;frightened使害怕。她正在想事情,这时来了电话,当然是“打断”了她的思考。故B项正确。‎ ‎3.C　dropped滴落;cheered欢呼,愉快;found发现;taught教。一条Facebook信息和一次电话采访之后,凯瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上……。故C项正确。‎ ‎4.C　abandoning抛弃,遗弃;shaking摇动;raising提高;hiding藏。根据下文的描述可知,此处意为:通过捡垃圾来提高意识。故C项正确。‎ ‎5.A　此处表示他们这种行为的目的:带着对环境的热爱和想要有所作为的愿望。make a difference“有影响,有作用”。故A项正确。‎ ‎6.B　corrected改正;described描述;repeated重复;discovered发现。他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”。故B项正确。‎ ‎7.A　slowly慢地;secretly秘密地;helplessly无助地;frequently频繁地。有时他们一整天才走了0.9里路,所以比较缓慢。故A选项正确。‎ ‎8.B　heard听到;shared分享;wrote写;read读。根据with us wonderful stories of hope可知,此处意为:凯瑟琳和戴维与我们分享了关于希望和灵感的精彩故事。故B项正确。‎ ‎9.A　worrying about担心;replying to答复;depending on依靠;meeting ‎ with遇见,碰到。根据how she would have enough money to fly home for their two-week spring break可知,凯瑟琳一直在默默地担心……。故A项正确。‎ ‎10.D　equipped装备;supplied提供;decorated装饰;filled装。她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的信封,里面装着850美元现金。故D项正确。‎ ‎11.B　set off出发;broke down坏掉;headed for朝……出发;held on坚持,继续。根据下文的描述可知“他们的车坏掉了”。故B项正确。‎ ‎12.B　members成员;volunteers志愿者;tourists游客;reporters记者。根据语境可知,此处指“来自全国各地的志愿者们聚集到一起参加活动”。故B项正确。‎ ‎13.A　purpose目的;question问题;decision决定;lesson课程。根据下文的cleaning up trash all over the park 可知,此处意为:带着……目的。故A项正确。‎ ‎14.C　introduced介绍;expected期望,预料;experienced经历;examined检查。他们所经历的很多事情都不仅仅是个巧合。故C项正确。‎ ‎15.D　turn转向;limit限制;compare相比;devote奉献。devote...to...“把……奉献给……;致力于……”。他们的团队在一起学会了只献身于任务,屈服于旅途。故D项正确。‎ 能力提升题组训练(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 A Cuyahoga‎ Valley ‎National Park‎ Volunteer Program Building a Community of Park Stewards Position Title:Wildlife Volunteer—Butterfly Monitors (2 positions )‎ Dates:Mid May to September,2020‎ Hours:8—16 hours/week Location:‎Cuyahoga‎ Valley ‎National Park Duties:Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monitoring areas.Butterfly monitoring areas are 1—2 miles in length and are walked one time per week.There are a total of three butterfly monitoring areas within the park.Butterflies are identified by using binoculars (望远镜) or by netting and releasing.Data is recorded on data sheets.‎ Skills Required:Applicants must have self motivation and desire to work with others.Volunteers will work during days when temperature is 70 degrees or more,between 10:‎30 a.m.and 5 p.m.Ability to walk a long distance in hot and humid conditions is needed.Skills with basic butterfly identification are not a must but helpful.‎ Requirements:Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into.U.S.citizenship is required.Applicants must be current Kent‎ State ‎University students.‎ How to Apply:Please request an application from Mike Johnson at ‎ gkovach @ kent.edu and send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovach@ kent.edu,with the above position title as the subject,by February 15,2020.If offered an interview,please come to Cuyahoga Valley National Park with your personal resume introducing your education and your previous work experience.‎ For further information,please call Jamie Walters at (330)657-2142 or send an e-mail to jwalters@forcvnp,org.‎ ‎1.What will a volunteer do in this program?‎ A.Help make a data record. B.Walk 1—2 miles every day.‎ C.Work at least 16 hours per week. D.Identify butterfly monitoring areas.‎ ‎2.Applicants for the job must 　　　. ‎ A.have the skills of butterfly identification B.have their backgrounds checked C.be university graduates D.design a program ‎3.To apply for the position,one needs to 　　　. ‎ A.call (330) 657-2142 ‎ B.visit Jamie Walters at the office C.hand in a resume before February 15 ‎ D.send the application to gkovach@ kent.edu 语篇解读:‎ 本文为招聘广告。凯霍加谷国家公园志愿者项目发布招聘广告,对职位服务日期、每周工作时长、具体地点、基本要求等进行了简单介绍。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.A　细节理解题。从Duties一段的最后两句可以看出,志愿者需要用望远镜对蝴蝶进行识别,数据要记录在数据表上。因此A项正确。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。由Requirements一段中的Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into.可知,应聘者的背景需要被调查一下。‎ ‎3.D　细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知,申请者需要将工作申请表发到gkovach @ kent.edu这个邮箱。因此选D项。‎ B Campbell Remess taught himself how to sew when he was only 9 years old.It all started three years ago,when Campbell asked his parents if they could buy Christmas presents for kids in hospital.They were touched by his kindness,but told him that buying so many toys would be too costly.He is one of nine children,and buying presents for all of them was already a pretty expensive affair for the parents.‎ Campbell didn’t let a simple “no” discourage him from bringing a bit of joy to kids going through tough times,so he decided to make the presents himself.It took the 9-year-old boy five hours to create his first stuffed (填充的) toy.However after three years of practice,he is now able to put one together in just an hour.‎ ‎“I was blown away by the first bear,” his mother said,“Overly ‎ impressed but not surprised at his determination to teach himself.” The successful experiment only inspired Campbell Remess to become better at sewing,and challenged himself to create one stuffed toy per day and donate them to sick children struggling in the hospital.Project 365 by Campbell was born.Over the last three years,Campbell Remess has created over 800 stuffed toys for sick children.‎ Campbell sends his toys to children all over the world,and still visits the Royal Hobart Hospital in his home city of Hobart,Tasmania,to personally gift toy animals to sick kids there and loves to see the reaction on their faces.“They smile and some hug me.It makes their whole day better,” he says.‎ ‎“Campbell is just wired really differently.He looks at sadness and tries to turn it upside down,” his mother says.“He’s not a quitter—I only see bigger and brighter things from him.”‎ ‎4.Why did Campbell’s parents refuse his request?‎ A.They thought that was ridiculous. B.They wished him to depend on himself.‎ C.They were on a tight budget. D.They hoped he could share his things with others.‎ ‎5.What desire drove Campbell to make toys for sick children?‎ A.Bringing happiness to them. B.Showing kindness to them.‎ C.Encouraging them to treasure health. D.Proving to them everyone has ‎ creativity.‎ ‎6.What can we learn about Campbell from the text?‎ A.He is planning to set up Project 365. B.He sends toys to those who can’t afford one.‎ C.He made the first toy with his mother’s help. D.He is determined and refuses to give up.‎ 语篇解读:本文介绍了年仅9岁的孩子Campbell Remess自学缝纫,自制玩具给生病的孩子带来快乐。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句He is one of nine children,and buying presents for all of them was already a pretty expensive affair for the parents.可知Campbell父母的预算很紧。故选C。‎ ‎5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Campbell didn’t let a simple “no” discourage him from bringing a bit of joy to kids going through tough times,so he decided to make the presents himself.可知为了给生病的孩子们带来快乐,Campbell为生病的孩子制作玩具。故选A。‎ ‎6.D　推理判断题。纵观全文,特别是Campbell didn’t let a simple “no” discourage him from bringing a bit of joy to kids going through tough times,so he decided to make the presents himself.及Overly impressed but not surprised at his determination to teach himself.可知,他下定决心不肯放弃。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 A museum has managed to draw lots of visitors to learn about 1.　　　　 century-old duck recipe and sample the dish.The museum,2.　　　　(locate) next to the Wuzhen scenic spot,covers an area of 5,000 square meters.It 3.　　　　(build) for the public to understand the brand’s culture.“We want to ride on the wave of Wuzhen’s 4.　　　　(increase) hot tourism and improve our brand’s fame and sales,”says Lu Fengxue.The brand was born in Wuzhen in 1848 and has been popular 5.　　　　 the distinctive taste of its duck products.Now,Sanzhenzhai has approximately 100 6.　　　　(outlet) across the country.The museum 7.　　　　(become) a hit since it opened at the end of October.Approximately 70 buses drop by the museum on a daily basis,8.　　　　 translates to roughly 7,000 tourists.Tourists 9.　　　　(typical) choose three ducks at 100 yuan,according to Lu.“10.　　　　(we) products are especially popular with the middle-aged and seniors,”says Lu. ‎ 语篇解读:位于乌镇的三珍斋酱鸭博物馆吸引了大量的游客来参观酱鸭的制作工艺,并品尝美食,这提升了品牌效应,也增加了销售量。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.a　句意为:一所博物馆成功吸引了很多游客来了解有百年历史的酱鸭制作工艺并进行品尝。设空后的recipe为可数名词且为单数形式,表示泛指,故填a。‎ ‎2.located　句意为:这座5‎ ‎ 000平方米的博物馆坐落在乌镇景点的旁边。分析句子结构可知,主语为museum,谓语动词为covers,设空处应为非谓语动词作museum的后置定语,且主语museum和locate为逻辑上的被动关系,故填located。‎ ‎3.was built　句意为:它的建造旨在让公众了解其品牌文化。主语It和谓语动词build之间为被动关系,故填was built。‎ ‎4.increasingly　句意为:我们想赶上乌镇日益升温的旅游热潮,提升品牌的知名度和提高销售量。设空后的hot为形容词,应用副词修饰,故填increasingly。‎ ‎5.for　句意为:这个品牌于1848年在乌镇诞生,因其酱鸭的独特味道而受欢迎。be popular for为固定词组,意为“因为……而受欢迎”,故填for。‎ ‎6.outlets　句意为:现在三珍斋在全国大约有一百家专卖店。根据设空前的数词100可知设空处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填outlets。‎ ‎7.has become 　句意为:这个博物馆自从十月底开门迎客以来一直非常受欢迎。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知,主句谓语动作一直持续到现在,应用现在完成时,故填has become。‎ ‎8.which　句意为:每天大约有70辆大巴车停在博物馆外,这相当于大约有7 000名游客。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中充当主语,修饰前面整句话。故填which。‎ ‎9.typically　此处是说游客通常会花100元人民币买三只鸭子。设空后为动词choose,应用副词修饰,故填typically。‎ ‎10.Our　根据句意可知,设空处指“我们的产品”,应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词products,故填Our。‎