2008高考英语二轮复习共20个专题

2008高考英语二轮复习共20个专题

‎ 活常识、经历体验等。‎ ‎② 连环题之间的连贯性、逻辑性强，应倍加注意[经典与原创]‎ ‎[例1]( NMET2003完形) ‎ I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most 36 and tiring games I’ve ever had.‎ ‎ 36. A. encouraging B. hopeless ‎ C. surprising D. regular ‎[互动] 本文为记叙文。全文以壁球比赛为主线，描写了作者对Ed的态度由不屑一顾——吃惊——尊敬的转变过程。内容贴近学生生活，语言通俗易懂。本题四个选项的形容词填入空白处都可以作定语修饰games， 但从下文叙述的在与表弟打壁球的比赛中，作者没有估计到情况的变化，险些输给对手的球赛经历可以判断出，这次球赛是出人意料的，故C项是最佳答案。‎ ‎[答案] C ‎[小结]遵循完形填空的解题步骤的第一步：通读全文，力争了解整篇含义，抓住主题思想，切忌边读边做，肢解全文的整体结构，冲散了信息之间的逻辑联系，欲速则不达。‎ ‎[例2] Each 38 at twelve o’clock, he opened the bag and ‎39 a Tomorrow, just one, with its wings of 40 , and its shining feathers rose with hope.‎ ‎38. A. dawn B. morning C. night D. afternoon ‎39. A. got B. fetched C. took D. flew ‎40. A. blue B. pink C. black D. white ‎[互动] 本文是小品文，用拟人的手法描述时间老人袋子里的“Tomorrows”。根据常识，午夜十二点以后是新的一天，即一个“Tomorrow”，故38题选night；本文把明天比作是有羽毛的小鸟，因此午夜十二点时间老人放飞一只“Tomorrow”，39题只有flew与题意相符，其他都表示相反的意思；40题根据下文的its blue wings可见“Tomorrow”的翅膀是蓝色的。‎ ‎[答案] 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎[小结] 同一句子中挖空两个甚至更多，难度增大，根据常识，结合上下文线索，注意合理性和连贯性。‎ ‎[高考面对面]‎ ‎ （A）‎ If you think you sick, you are 1 no matter what anyone else says .On the other hand. If you believe in your 2 ,and if he tells that you are going to feel better, you probably will. The effect of the mind upon the body 3 and sometimes can be powerful. It exits 4 one is aware of it or not.‎ Take the case of Mrs. Green, for example. She 5 get to sleep at night and was too tired during the day to do some 6 things that she used to enjoy doing. She had headaches more often which prevented her from reading or watching TV. The more she thought about conditions , 7 she felt , At last she went to see her doctor, whom she had known 8 .The doctor listened to her and gave her a very 9 .Then he said to her. “There is 10 wrong with you physically. 11 I accept the fact that you don’t feel well. I’m going to give you some 12 that should help. I want you to 13 one after dinner and one half an hour 14 going to bed tonight .Call me tomorrow and tell me 15 you feel.‎ The next day Mrs. Green 16, “Doctor, I had the first 17 night’s sleep in two months night. 18 is in this pills?” The doctor said, “It’s an old formula I have 19 for years, Just keep on taking them for a week.” Turning to the nurse, he said. It’s 20 what a little baking soda can do!”‎ ‎1. A. healthy B. well C. sick D. pleasant ‎ ‎2. A. doctor B. physician C. surgeon D. nurse ‎3. A. exit B. doesn’t exist ‎ ‎ C. never exist D. does exist ‎4. A. whether B. neither C. no matter D. either ‎5. A. was uncapable B. was able to ‎ ‎ C. was unable to D. could ‎6. A. uneasy B. unsuccessful ‎ ‎ C. simple D. trouble ‎7. A. the worse B. the more ‎ ‎ C. the better D. the less ‎8. A. before long B. since years ‎ ‎ C. for years D. years ago ‎ ‎9. A. thorough study B. careful examination ‎ C. general examination D. clear check ‎10. A. nothing serious B. serious nothing ‎ ‎ C. nothing seriously D. seriously nothing ‎11. A. or B. instead C. but D. and ‎12. A. pills B. advice C. drinks D. suggestions ‎13. A. eat B . take C. drink D. use ‎ ‎14. A. when B. since C. after D. before ‎15. A. what B. whether C. how D. why ‎16. A. telephoned B. wrote ‎ ‎ C. complained D. said ‎17. A. bad B. terrible C. good D. right ‎18. A. whoever B. whichever ‎ ‎ C. however D. Whatever ‎19. A. sold B. written C. read D. used ‎20. A. curious B. terrible ‎ ‎ C. wonderful D. serious ‎ (B)‎ ‎ As we walked out of the office and into the lift, no words were spoken. We couldn’t even look at each other. We were both just stunned（愣住）and did not 1 what to say to one another.‎ ‎ We got into the sky 2 car, and left the parking lot. Mum wasn’t paying much attention to her 3 , but all of a sudden she 4 hard on the brakes（刹车）and we both went 5 . Outside of the car we saw a 6 , half on and half off his bike. “Where did you get your license, woman?” he shouted, “You almost 7 me!”‎ ‎ The biker got back on his bike and rode off, 8 shaking his head. It was then that mum and I looked at each other. We cried, 9 we came to realize that I had a(n) 10 . We talked about it for hours, and I knew I had so 11 support and that I was going to be 12 .‎ ‎ Twelve years later, at age 31, cancer has now been put 13 me. I had major surgery（手术）and 4 months of radiation treatment. Thank God, it was caught at a(n) 14 stage, and I was able to make a full recovery.‎ ‎ Cancer 15 me so much —— so much for the better. It 16 me to appreciated life and those in my life, and to never 17 anything for granted. Life is too short and you have to live each moment to the very 18 .‎ ‎ To this day, I wish I could 19 that man on the bike. I’d like to tell him that he was not the only survivor（幸存者）to come 20 that day, as I am living proof.‎ ‎1. A. know B. understand C. learn D. realize ‎2. A. blue B. green C. yellow D. red ‎3. A. condition B. surroundings ‎ ‎ C. car D. road sign ‎4. A. worked B. drove C. pushed D. stepped ‎5. A. upward B. downward ‎ ‎ C. forward D. backward ‎6. A. bike B. car C. driver D. cyclist ‎7. A. killed B. beat C. knocked D. caught ‎8. A. happily B. luckily C. just D. right ‎9. A. before B. as if C. as D. though ‎10. A. cancer B. cold C. headache D. stomachache ‎11. A. many B. little C. much D. few ‎12. A. right B. all right C. weak D. all over ‎13. A. on B. down C. off D. behind ‎14. A. early B. late C. fast D. slow ‎15. A. frightened B. changed ‎ ‎ C. terrified D. caught ‎16. A. made B. caused C. taught D. advised ‎17. A. pay B. search C. care D. take ‎18. A. least B. worst C. fullest D. emptiest ‎19. A. find B. catch C. study D. strike ‎20. A. up to B. out of C. by D. off ‎(C)‎ ‎ Surfing: It’s Not Just for Boys Anymore ‎ If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would 1 : surfing. But isn’t that a boy thing? Some people 2 . Most certainly not.‎ ‎ I started surfing about five years ago and ‎3 in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first 4 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.‎ ‎ When I try to 5 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 6 , there’s nothing like it. It involves body, 7 , and soul. There’s sand between my toes and cool, salt water all 8 us. The feeling I get when I’m surfing across that 9 , becoming one with the 10 , is like I’m weightless.‎ ‎ The one thing I can 11 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenges. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 12 an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活跃有力的）and 13 . All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 14 from any other sport.‎ ‎ I’ve 15 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don’t think girls can do. It’s part of being human to advance to new 16 , so shouldn’t it be expected that girls should step up and start 17 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate（主宰）?‎ ‎ There’re women 18 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 19 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 20 , and they will.‎ ‎1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize ‎2. A. wonder B. understand ‎ C. reply D. believe ‎3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell ‎4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat ‎5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie ‎6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life ‎7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time ‎8. A. along B. above C. around D. by ‎9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake ‎10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean ‎11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep ‎12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects ‎13. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm ‎14. A. known B. right C. far D. different ‎15. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised ‎16. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts ‎17. A. reaching B. accepting ‎ ‎ C. pushing D. setting ‎18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working ‎19. A. of B. from C. on D. with ‎20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel ‎(D)‎ ‎ Do you remember last summer, when angry travelers were urging the government to do something about airline customer service? Airlines 1 to improve, and they adopted（采用）new standards just before Christmas. 2 as another summer nears, plenty of 3 travelers don’t see much improvement in customer 4 overall.‎ ‎ This month, the Department of Transportation’s (DOT) office will publish its first critical 5 on whether airlines are 6 their promises. One survey（调查）suggests problems: the number of 7 to the DOT about the top 10 airlines in the first 8 rose 89% from a year ago.‎ ‎ Hit last summer by passenger complaints and the threat（威慑）of consumer-protection laws by the 9 , 14 airlines 10 to adopt a set of basic customer-service standards called Customers First. The “12 promises” to passengers were introduced ‎11 a major effort to improve service. Since then, airlines have been redesigning websites, retraining employees and upgrading technology.‎ ‎ Recently, DOT inspector general Kenneth Mead, at McCain’s request, sent 20 examiners to airports to 12 whether each airline is doing what it promised. Mead warns travelers shouldn’t 13 too much. Most of the promises are 14 better communication with customers, not problems with flights.‎ ‎ “Passengers should show more understanding to airlines about their 15 to better air service.” Spokeswoman Shelly Sasson says. “And when 16 are made, it takes a long time for them to be noticed,” she says.‎ ‎ Now, the efforts may be working. During the first quarter, Delta had the second-lowest rate of complaints among the 17 10 carriers. 18 , its rate, along with other carriers’, is up from last year. McCain and other lawmakers say there may be a 19 to pass new consumer-protection 20 .‎ ‎1. A. promised B. managed ‎ ‎ C. hoped D. refused ‎2. A. So B. But C. Merely D. Even ‎3. A. skilled B. experienced C. tired D. puzzled ‎4. A. flight B. opinion C. service D. travel ‎5. A. news B. information ‎ C. doubt D. article ‎ ‎6. A. honoring B. making ‎ ‎ C. giving D. improving ‎7. A. problems B. travelers ‎ ‎ C. passengers D. complaints ‎8. A. quarter B. year C. month D. summer ‎9. A. customer B. company ‎ ‎ C. government D. public ‎10. A. wished B. agreed C. remembered D. failed ‎11. A. to B. for C. as D. by ‎12. A. explain B. discuss C. discover D. check ‎13. A. travel B. expect C. complain D. suggest ‎14. A. aimed at B. considered as ‎ C. joined to D. made from ‎[高考猜想]‎ ‎15. A. difficulty B. situation C. reality D. efforts ‎16. A. suggestions B. rules ‎ ‎ C. decisions D. improvements ‎17. A. large B. first C. top D. bad ‎18. A. Still B. Therefore C. Instead D. Meanwhile ‎19. A. possibility B. need C. chance D. use ‎20. A. examinations B. service C. laws D. reports ‎(E)‎ ‎ From Monday until Friday, most people are busy working or studying. But in the evening and on weekends they are free to relax and 1 themselves. Some watch television 2 go to the cinema, others take part in sports. It 3 on individual（个人的） interests. There are many different 4 to spend our 5 time.‎ ‎ Almost everyone 6 some kind of hobby . It may be 7 from collecting stamps to 8 model airplanes. Some hobbies are very expensive. But others are valuable 9 to their owners.‎ ‎ I know a man who has a 10 collection 11 several thousand dollars. A short time ago, he bought a 12 fifty cent piece worth 250! He was very 13 about his purchase（购买物）and thought the price was reasonable. On the other hand, My youngest brother 14 match boxes. He has almost 600 of them but I doubt if they are worth 15 money. However, to 16 they are extremely valuable . Nothing 17 him happier than to find a new match box for his collection.‎ ‎ That’s what a hobby 18 , I guess. It is something we like to do 19 our spare time simply for the 20 of it . The value in dollars is not important, but the pleasure it gives is.‎ ‎1. A. enjoy B. like C. help D. sleep ‎2. A. and B. but C. so D. or ‎3. A. lies B. works C. depends D. waits ‎4. A. ideas B. ways C. places D. periods ‎5. A. full B. work C. spare D. busy ‎6. A. likes B. has C. finds D. develops ‎7. A. nothing B. everything ‎ ‎ C. something D. anything ‎8. A. making B. buying C. selling D. inventing ‎ ‎9. A. only B. especially C. fully D. simply ‎10. A. stamp B. coin C. money D. ring ‎11. A. with B. including C. worth D. of ‎12. A. common B. usual C. rare D. new ‎13. A. happy B. careful C. worried D. anxious ‎14. A. gathers B. picks out ‎ ‎ C. chooses D. collects ‎15. A. some B. any C. no D. much ‎16. A. me B. others ‎ ‎ C. my brother D. my family ‎17. A. makes B. lets C. keeps D. helps ‎18. A. is B. means C. includes D. remains ‎19. A. for B. to C. on D. in ‎ ‎20. A. benefit B. good C. fun D. money ‎(F)‎ ‎ New York —— a team of engineers with expertise in high-rise design, collapse and blasts prevention will 1 why the damaged World Trade Center (WTC) buildings and part of the Pentagon broke into pieces after September ‎11’‎s 2 attack, they will determine 3 future buildings can be designed to protect more lives 4 disasters.‎ ‎ A 5 of well-known engineers and members of the American Society of Civil Engineers will begin analyzing videotapes and photographs of the attack and the 6 collapse of the two 7 towers as soon as the rescue efforts come to an end, W.Gene Corly, senior vice president of Construction Technologies Laboratories Ince, said.‎ ‎ In addition to studying the crashes, the 8 and the collapses, the team will analyze modifications made at both sites —— the World‎ Trade ‎Center’s repair after the 1993 basement bombing there and the Pentagon’s 9 renovation.‎ ‎ The team also will analyze the size, speed and fuel load of the speeding jets and their 10 as they cut through the buildings.‎ ‎ “From this, we 11 we will be able to determine some things that might be done differently if the building were designed to resist this type of attack and make some 12 related to 13 construction of buildings that might be subjected to this sort of attack.” Corely said.‎ ‎ The WTC towers built in the late 1960s and early 1970s, were designed to withstand the impact of a Boeing 707 jetliner. But those plans did not ‎14 in the effect of the fuel explosion 15 created fireballs at the giant towers.‎ Based ‎16 a preliminary review of the events, Corely said the WTC steel-framed towers collapsed not so much because of the impact but 17 the fire that followed, As the 18 from the fire rose, the steel weakened.‎ Although the towers once were the tallest buildings 19 , their height was not a factor in their collapse, but the fire, Corely said. A shorter building, 20 ,would likely have resulted in fewer deaths.‎ ‎1. A. look into B. look after ‎ ‎ C. look for D. look up ‎2. A. dead B. deadly C. badly D. dying ‎3. A. whether B. why C. how D. that ‎4. A. against B. with C. in D. during ‎5. A. large amount B. number ‎ ‎ C. plenty D. good deal ‎ ‎6. A. following B. followed ‎ ‎ C. follows D. follow ‎7. A. 110 storey B. 110 stories ‎ ‎ C. 110-story D. 110 story ‎8. A. attacks B. constitutions ‎ ‎ C. repairs D. fires ‎ ‎9. A later B. on going C. former D. frequent ‎10. A distance B. time C. positions D. height ‎11. A. expect B. suggest C. think D. consider ‎12. A. advices B. use ‎ ‎ C. promises D. suggestions ‎13. A. change B. worse C. better D. protect ‎14. A. work B. take part C. result D. bring ‎15. A. what B. which C. one D. it ‎16. A in B. on C. for D. at ‎17. A. because of B. also ‎ ‎ C. as well D. because ‎18. A. ruins B. air C. heat D. temperature ‎19. A. in earth B. on the earth ‎ ‎ C. after all D. on the world ‎20. A. yet B. but C. however D. otherwise ‎(G)‎ ‎ Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to 1 with a chocolate ice-cream. It was a very 2 store with little round tables and chairs.‎ ‎ As I entered, I found a very old woman bent ‎3 a table near the door. Her 4 was so badly bent by some sadness that her face nearly 5 the table top. I sat down facing her a couple of 6 away.‎ ‎ “Poor woman, I thought . What does she get 7 life? Why does God let people live so long past their youth?”‎ ‎ As I thought, another aged lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were 8 childhood days. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years… In minutes, the two of them were shaking with laughter.‎ ‎ I looked 9 at the first woman. Then in the 10 on a nearby wall, catching a picture of myself. I was ‎11 a dirty shirt. She was well dressed in white, her 12 shining with a gold ring. I was 13 . She was laughing, smiling. I was putting the 14 of my life together. She had millions of 15 memories to recall. I sat alone. She was 16 the day with a good friend. I was 17 worried about getting old. She was old, but it wasn’t 18 her.‎ ‎ As I left the shop, I 19 my foolish question about God letting people live past their youth. 20 , that woman was more alive. More sensitive to life, than I was. Age has not bent her spirit.‎ ‎1. A. warm up B. cool off ‎ ‎ C. freeze myself D. enjoy myself ‎2. A. old B. modern C. pretty D. ugly ‎3. A. under B. below C. over D. above ‎4. A. head B. chest C. neck D. back ‎5. A. connected B. touched C. hit D. joined ‎6. A. tables B. miles C. kilometers D. inches ‎7. A. for B. off C. away from D. out of ‎ ‎8. A. speaking B. talking about ‎ ‎ C. discussing D. debating ‎9. A. sadly B. happily C. up D. again ‎10. A. newspaper B. window ‎ ‎ C. mirror D.TV ‎11. A. dressing B. wearing ‎ ‎ C. putting on D. having on ‎ ‎12. A. hands B. neck C. arms D. head ‎13. A. happy B. surprised C. poor D. sad ‎14. A. periods B. pieces C. points D. masses ‎15. A. unhappy B. old C. wonderful D. fresh ‎16. A. sharing B. spending ‎ ‎ C. killing D. sparing ‎17. A. really B. mostly C. publicly D. secretly ‎18. A. pleasing B. hurting ‎ ‎ C. leaving D. punishing ‎19. A. realized B. wondered ‎ ‎ C. gave up D. thought of ‎ ‎20. A. When B. How C. Why D. Whether ‎(H)‎ ‎ The western world has always been divided into two types of people —— the cool and the uncool. It is a division that ‎1 in school. The cool kids are good at 2 . They are 3 with the opposite sex. They are good-looking and people want to 4 their style. They can do their homework but they don’t make a big effort. That ‎ would 5 be cool.‎ ‎ The uncool kids are in the other corner of the playground. They are very bright, but they don’t have great 6 skills and they are 7 at sports. When they are not programming computers or doing calculus（微积分）in their heads, they are reading comic books and watching shows like the “X Files”. They are 8 as the geeks.‎ ‎ Here’s the news. The geeks are 9 . Make friends with them now or they will put virus in your computer and 10 your maths homework to ruin. Geeks might not be popular at school, yet they do pass their examinations, and they might not be too popular at university, but 11 good degrees.‎ ‎ The most important 12 of the 21st century, computers and IT, has been at least partly created by geeks. Geek heroes like Bill Gates 13 others to follow their example. Being a geek is a way of earning good money. And the creation of the Internet gave them a 14 of their own to work and play in, making them a global 15 . Besides, the effect of the geeks 16 popular culture has started a new trend（趋势）. It is now cool to be 17 . Geek culture is becoming an important part of general popular culture, in which what you know is more important than 18 you look like.‎ ‎ But there are also 19 . Geeks were often bullied or laughed at in school. Now a geek may be your boss. Perhaps it is time for 20 .‎ ‎1. A. continues B. makes C. remains D. starts ‎2. A. computers B. studies C. sports D. maths ‎3. A. pleasant B. popular C. crazy D. average ‎4. A. copy B. advance C. take D. act ‎5. A. not B. indeed C. perhaps D. actually ‎6. A. speaking B. operating ‎ ‎ C. social D. experimental ‎7. A. speechless B. sharp C. active D. hopeless ‎8. A. known B. referred C. thought D. admired ‎9. A. taking on B. taking up ‎ ‎ C. taking over D. taking in ‎10. A. put B. cause C. bring D. serve ‎11. A. win B. take C. wish D. finish ‎12. A. industry B. discovery ‎ ‎ C. progress D. development ‎13. A. promise B. discourage ‎ ‎ C. demand D. excite ‎14. A. chance B. space C. world D. career ‎15. A. force B. company ‎ ‎ C. organization D. department ‎16. A. of B. on C. in D. for ‎17. A. rich B. attractive C. handsome D. uncool ‎18. A. how B. that C. what D. how much ‎19. A. opportunities B. dangers ‎ C. possibility D. question ‎20. A. punishment B. argument ‎ C. competition D. employment ‎( I )‎ ‎ Once the King of India was ill and sent for his doctor. The doctor came, 1 him and said, “You will be well soon in a few days if you take bull’s milk.” The king was 2 , for he had never heard of a bull that gave milk, “How is it 3 ?” he asked.‎ ‎ “Order Gulbo to get it for you,” answered the doctor, “He can do anything.” Gulbo was a person with great knowledge and was 4 to the doctor. So the doctor thought this would be a way of making him 5 . When the King told Gulbo what the doctor said and 6 him to get bull’s milk, Gulbo 7 understood what the doctor was trying to do.‎ ‎ When he got home, he sat thinking how to get out of the 8 . His daughter, seeing him worried, asked what was the 9 . On hearing what the King had asked for, she said, “Don’t 10 , Father, I will help you.”‎ ‎ The next day she took some old clothes, went to the bank of the river near the palace, and chose a place 11 the King’s bedroom window. In the middle of the night, she started to do her washing. She made so much noise 12 the King could not sleep. The King got very angry and sent a guard to 13 what was the matter. The soldier found the girl, and led her to the King. “Why do you wash your clothes here at night?” said the King.‎ ‎ The girl 14 to be afraid and said, “ I had to wash clothes at night. This afternoon my father had a baby, I was 15 all day because of that. Then I found there were no clean 16 for the baby, so I had to come and wash them now.”‎ ‎ “What!” cried the King. “Are you trying to make a 17 of me? I have never heard of a man having a baby.”‎ ‎ “Well, if the King himself orders someone to get bull’s milk for him, 18 can’t a man have a baby?”‎ ‎ The King smiled and said, “You must be Gulbo’s 19 . Go and tell your father that he may keep the bull’s milk for his 20 .”‎ ‎1. A. checked B. tested C. judged D. examined ‎2. A. pleased B. surprised C. touched D. moved ‎3. A. possible B. impossible C. usual D. unusual ‎4. A. a friend B. an enemy ‎ ‎ C. a neighbor D. a patient ‎5. A. suffer B. happy C. angry D. laugh ‎6. A. begged B. ordered C. decided D. demanded ‎7. A. suddenly B. certainly ‎ C. immediately D. directly ‎8. A. chance B. situation C. position D. difficulty ‎9. A. matter B. wrong C. thing D. problem ‎10. A. frighten B. worry C. doubt D. fear ‎11. A. above B. on C. below D. under ‎12. A. but B. when C. as D. that ‎13. A. find out B. get out ‎ C. take out D. bring out ‎14. A. began B. looked C. became D. pretended ‎15. A. busy B. free C. surprised D. anxious ‎16. A. food B. clothes C. bowls D. bottles ‎17. A. trick B. joke C. friend D. fool ‎18. A. why B. how C. who D. what ‎19. A. girl B. daughter C. wife D. friend ‎20. A. daughter B. son C. girl D. baby ‎[高考猜想]‎ ‎( J )‎ ‎ In Renee Smith’s classroom, attendance is up, trips to the headmaster’s office are down and students are handing in assignments on time. The Springfield High School teacher says she has seen great 1 since adding a few new students to her class — five Labrador puppies and their father.‎ ‎ The seven 2 students in Smith’s class have a history of discipline 3 . But since they’ve started teaching the dogs obedience（顺从）, their own 4 has improved.‎ ‎1. A. promotion B. progress ‎ C. disturbance D. disappointment ‎2. A. human B. dog C. new D. Labrador ‎3. A. problems B. questions C. issues D. troubles ‎4. A. habit B. attitude C. action D. behavior ‎ 专题 18 阅读理解 ‎[直击考纲] ‎ ‎1、试题不超越中学生语言水平，阅读量不少于1000个单词，篇数不少于5篇。‎ ‎2、题材包括政治、经济、文化、社会、科学、生活等方面。‎ ‎3、体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等。‎ ‎[热点综观]‎ ‎1、知识图谱 材料的主旨和大意 → 说明主旨大意的事实和细节 具体事实 → 抽象概念 字面意思 → 深层含义 → 作者的态度、意图等 →‎ 某句、某段的逻辑 → 全篇文脉 ‎ 材料提供的信息 → 判断生词和短语的含义 ‎2、重点难点 ‎① 考查文章的主旨、大意、最佳标题等。‎ ‎② 捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物等细节性问题。‎ ‎③ 命题者还往往要求考生对具体的词汇做出词义上的判断；如果是生词，命题者往往还要考查考生根据上下文的猜词能力。‎ ‎④ 从常识角度、跨文化差异角度来考查考生有关方面的知识和判断能力。‎ ‎⑤ 要求考生根据信息材料的表述推断作者的倾向和态度。‎ ‎⑥ 考查考生对短文深层含义的理解能力。‎ ‎⑦ 考查考生在审视整个信息材料的基础上解决实际生活中问题的能力。‎ ‎3、热点冷点 ‎① 考查考生根据材料中提供的信息对某一说法的正确或错误进行判断。‎ ‎② 行文跳跃程度大、叙述次序富于变化、隐含信息较多、考生往往读懂了文字也不一定立刻领悟语篇意思的材料。‎ ‎③ 应用类阅读材料，如广告、时刻表、菜单、图表等，因其与人们的日常生活密切相关，应用性强而可以更好地考查考生提取信息、处理信息的能力，是近年来考查的热点。‎ ‎[经典与原创](NMET 2003)‎ ‎[例1] Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor, St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral （葡萄牙海军上将） of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.‎ ‎1. It can be learned from the text that the island‎ of ‎Tristan da Cunha ______.‎ A. was named after its discoverer B. got its name from Holland settlers C. was named by the British government D. got its name from the Guinness Book of Records ‎[互动] 这是一道事实细节题。我们再从该段中所提供的信息：Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506 得知，该岛是于己于1506年依照葡萄牙海军上将的名字命名的。‎ ‎[答案] A ‎[小结]细节类理解题一般只针对某个特定细节，需抓住提问的内容，找到文中的相关句子，结合句中出现的一些有意义的介副词、形容词、连词等对句子作整体理解。‎ ‎[例2]The secret to attracting good boys or girls is to become your own independent person who feels good about who she is and what she’s about.‎ ‎4. If you want to find a true friend, ______.‎ ‎ A. go to take part in all kinds of activities ‎ B. date a boy secretly C. don’t trust others ‎ D. try to be a true “yourself” when you get along with another ‎[互动]文中的secret就是讲如何交友的秘诀。‎ ‎[答案]D ‎[小结]要注意题干和文章中的句子对于同一含义的不同表达方式，以便抓住关键词，减少干扰性。‎ ‎[高考面对面]‎ ‎ （人物故事篇） ( A )‎ ‎ American magician David Blaine left the glass box in which he has lived for 44 days without food on October 19. Hundreds of people came to watch the end of his starvation experiment, which has become one of London’s main tourist attractions.‎ ‎ Looking thinner and darker, 30 year-old Blaine was taken out of his box over the River Thames and immediately went to hospital. He was then slowly reintroduced to food, a process doctors say could be life threatening. He had been drinking only water since September 5.‎ ‎ A native of Brooklyn, New York, Blaine first became known as a street magician in the early 1990s. He soon found himself doing magic tricks in bars for the likes of American actor Leonardo DiCaprio and his super model friends.‎ ‎ Over the last decade Blaine has become famous with a combination of breathtaking magic and clever tricks aimed at getting a lot of attention.‎ ‎ In 1999, he was buried in a coffin for one week and, in 2000, he spent 62 hours in a giant block of ice. Last year he stood on top of a 25-meter pillar in the center of New York for 35 hours before jumping into a pile of boxes.‎ ‎ “I think a lot of people are unable to accept that they’re able to do what they can do,” he said. “They don’t realize we can survive. The human being is an amazing creation.”‎ ‎ But he seems to have suffered from spending so long in the glass box. He said that at times he was unable to see. Had serious back pains and lost his sense of taste.‎ ‎1. It is for David Blaine to eat food after such a long starvation.‎ ‎ A. pleasant B. delicious ‎ ‎ C. dangerous D. important ‎2. Having spent such a long time in the glass box, he suffered the following EXCEPT that .‎ ‎ A. he had become blind ‎ B. he had serious back pains ‎ C. he lost his sense of taste ‎ D. he was in weak health ‎3. Which of the following can best describe David Blaine?‎ ‎ A. Serious B. Adventurous ‎ ‎ C. Mad D. Crazy ‎ ‎4. Which of the following is not true of David Blaine?‎ ‎ A. Blaine immediately went to hospital after he was taken out of his box because he was in dangerous condition.‎ ‎ B. Blaine was born and brought up in England.‎ ‎ C. In Blaine’s opinion, people can create a wonder.‎ ‎ D. Blaine didn’t have any food for 44 days.‎ ‎ ( B )‎ ‎ A lot of us lose life’s tougher battles by starting a frontal（正面的）attack — when a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum（最后通牒）about being late on the job. Although there was a good reason for Sam’s being late — serious illness at home — he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer. His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech.‎ ‎ Yes, the boss was, as Sam entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room（更衣室）; everyone was hard at work. Sam’s supervisor came up to him. Suddenly, Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand. “How do you do!”he said. “I’m Sam Maynard. I’m applying for a job. Which, I understand, became available just 35 minutes ago. Does the early bird get the worm?”‎ ‎ The room exploded in laughter. The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office. Sam Maynard had saved his job — with the only tool that could win, a laugh.‎ ‎ Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected（忽视的）means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying “no”, criticizing, getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it’s the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialogue may start a quarrel. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance（忍受力）than people in any other forum.‎ ‎1. Why was Sam late for his job?‎ ‎ A. Because he was ill.‎ ‎ B. Because he got up late.‎ ‎ C. Because he was caught in a traffic jam.‎ ‎ D. He was busy applying for a new job.‎ ‎2. The main idea of this passage is ______.‎ ‎ A. Sam Maynard saved his job with humor ‎ B. Humor is important in our lives ‎ C. Early bird gets the worm ‎ D. Humor can solve racial discriminations ‎3. The phrase clamped off in paragraph 3 means______.]‎ ‎ A. tried to hold back B. tried to ‎ ‎ C. set charged D. gave out ‎4. Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage?‎ ‎ A. Many lose life’s battles because they are lacking in a sense of humor.‎ ‎ B. It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for work ‎ ‎ C. Sam was supposed to arrive at his office at 8:30.‎ ‎ D. Humor is the most effective way of solving problems.‎ ‎（议论文） ( C )‎ ‎ Transportation and communication networks bring people together. Yet sometimes people themselves create barriers（障碍）to transportation and communication. In some countries, laws stop people from moving freely from place to place. Over the centuries, many groups of people have been denied the freedom to travel because of their race, religion, or nationality. In the Middle Ages, for example, Jews were often forbidden to move about freely within certain cities. South Africa’s government used to require black Africans to carry passes when they travel within the country. Some governments require all citizens to carry identification papers and to report to government officials whenever they move.‎ ‎ Countries set up customs posts at their borders. Foreign travelers must go through a customs inspection before they are allowed to travel in the country. Usually travelers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas（签证）. Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year. Others allow tourists to visit only certain areas of the country, or they may require that travelers be with an official guide at all times during their stay.‎ ‎ Many of those barriers to travel also act as barriers to communication. When two governments disagree with each other on important matters, they usually do not want their citizens to exchange news or ideas freely. Countries often try to keep military or industrial information secret.‎ ‎ Today, people have the ability to travel, to communicate, and to transport goods more quickly and easily than ever before. Natural barriers that were difficult or dangerous to cross a hundred years ago can now be crossed easily. The barriers that people themselves make are not so easy to overcome. But in spite of all the different kinds of barriers, people continue to enjoy travel and the exchange of goods and ideas.‎ ‎1. The examples in paragraph 2 are used to tell the readers that _______.‎ ‎ A. people have been allowed to travel freely within the country ‎ B. people have not been permitted to travel freely for various reasons ‎ C. travelers have to carry special papers such as passports and visas ‎ D. customs posts are necessary at the borders of the countries ‎2. Some governments limit the freedom of communication because _______.‎ ‎ A. they intend to keep their national secrets unknown to others ‎ B. they think such freedom will lead to wars ‎ C. they often disagree with each other on important matters ‎ D. they want to show their authority over communication ‎3. We may learn from the passage that _______.‎ ‎ A. people do not care about the removal of barriers between countries ‎ B. people can not remove the obstacles made by themselves ‎ C. man-made barriers are sometimes harder to overcome than natural ones ‎ D. barriers should be taken for granted as they always exist ‎4. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?‎ ‎ A. Barriers Made by People ‎ B. Functions of Communication ‎ C. Restrictions on Transportation ‎ D. Progress of Human Society ‎（科普篇） ( D)‎ ‎ In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas‎ ‎Homes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They found out that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not show how you deal with stress — it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you deal with these events has a great effect on your chances of staying healthy.‎ ‎ By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many — like the death of a loved one — are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription（处方）for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.‎ ‎ The idea that all stress makes you sick also takes no notice of what we know about people. It is supposed that we’re all weak and passive in the face of difficulty. But many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental strength than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental damage.‎ ‎1. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us ______.‎ ‎ A. the way of dealing with major events may cause stress ‎ B. what should be done to avoid stress ‎ C. what kind of event would causes stress ‎ D. how to deal with sudden changes in life ‎2. The studies on stress in the early ‎1970’‎s led to ______.‎ ‎ A. widespread worry over its harmful effects ‎ B. great fear about the mental problems it could cause ‎ C. a deep research into illnesses connected with stress ‎ D. popular avoidance of stressful jobs ‎3. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ______.‎ ‎ A. discouraged when faced with difficulty ‎ B. physically and mentally weak ‎ C. more experienced in the face of difficulty ‎ D. uninterested in what happens to them ‎4. What’s the purpose of writing the text?‎ ‎ A. To tell people the discoveries about stress.‎ ‎ B. To tell people how to keep healthy.‎ ‎ C. To help people avoid stressful events.‎ ‎ D. To help people view stress properly.‎ ‎ （时事类） （ E ）‎ ‎ If you can’t catch the bad guy, it’s game over — this is the rule of life for computer game players in cyber-world（网络世界）. But similar thoughts might be worrying US President George W. Bush as he prepares for election year with the world’s most wanted man still out of his reach.‎ ‎ The hunter for Osama bin Laden, leader of the al-Qaida group, has been going on since the attack on New York’s World‎ Trade ‎Center on September 11, 2001. Progress has been slow and, with Democrat Senator John Kerry winning the race last Tuesday to challenge Bush in November’s presidential elections, the president needs results. If Osama bin Laden can be caught before the presidential election, Bush will gain an obvious advantage.‎ ‎ The American public’s support for the war in Iraq has been falling, especially as the Bush government cannot find the banned weapons（武器）that it said were in the country. But the way the president’s popularity rose following the capture（捕获）of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in December shows how useful it would be if bin Laden could be caught.‎ ‎ The latest polls suggest the election will be close, with 48 per cent of Americans saying they will vote for Bush and 46 per cent backing Kerry.‎ ‎ In order to capture the Saudi Arabia-born al-Qaida leader, thousands of US soldiers were moved from Iraq to Afghanistan earlier this week. Further efforts have been made to strengthen Afghanistan’s border（边境） area with Pakistan, with soldiers inspecting nearby villages more frequently than before. However, Pakistan has denied（否认）reports that US soldiers will be allowed to search for bin Laden on its land. Bush’s battles, both at home and abroad, will not be won easily.‎ ‎1. Why does the writer mention the rule of life for computer game players in cyber-world?‎ ‎ A. Because catching Osama bin Laden is another game.‎ ‎ B. Because real life can be similar to life in cyber-world.‎ ‎ C. Because this is also one of the rules in the American presidential election.‎ ‎ D. Because a game like this has become a real life situation for Bush.‎ ‎2. We can learn from the passage that Osama bin Laden _______.‎ ‎ A. was born in Afghanistan and lives in ‎Saudi Arabia ‎ B. is sure to be captured since Saddam Hussein has been caught.‎ ‎ C. must be found so that 48% of the Americans will back Bush ‎ D. is probably hidden in the border area of Afghanistan and ‎Pakistan ‎3. The underlined word “inspecting” (paragraph 6) can be replaced by _______.‎ ‎ A. seeking B. searching ‎ ‎ C. bombing D. visiting ‎4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.‎ ‎ A. the Bush government has great difficulty in seizing bin Laden ‎ B. Kerry is more likely than Bush to win the coming presidential election ‎ C. more and more people are supporting the war in ‎Iraq ‎ D. Pakistan will allow US soldiers to search for bin Laden on its land ‎ （社会文化篇） ( F )‎ ‎ Thousands of people began pouring into Pennsylvania from other states. They wanted to buy lottery tickets. The tickets cost only $ 0.9 each. But that small spending could bring them a reward of $ 90 million. That was the second largest lottery jackpot（累积奖金）in history.‎ ‎ More than 87 million tickets were bought for the Pennsylvania lottery drawing. Those who bought tickets had to choose seven numbers from 1 to 80. The chance of winning was one in 9.6 million. But that little chance certainly didn’t affect ticket sales. In the last few days before the drawing, tickets were selling at the unbelievable rate of 500 per second.‎ ‎ Experts say many people buy lottery tickets because they just want to have a piece of the action. Others say the lottery is a stock market for poor people. It allows them to dream about wealth they’ll probably never have.‎ ‎ But many people believe lotteries are no better than legalized（合法化的）gambling. Some critics（批评家）note that most people who play are poor and may not be able to afford the tickets. There are also many addicts（成瘾者）who take the game seriously. They may pour their life saving into lottery tickets. Some clubs have been formed to help them kick the habit.‎ ‎ Politicians like lotteries because they provide money that would otherwise have to come from new taxes. The profits from lotteries are usually used to pay for education or programs for senior citizens. But critics say this arrangement just allows states to legalize vice（恶习）, under the name of social progress.‎ ‎ No matter whether you regard state lotteries right or not, you cannot refuse to accept their extreme popularity with many Americans.‎ ‎1. The main idea of the passage is that _______.‎ ‎ A. lotteries are of great benefit to everyone who buys them ‎ B. playing a lottery is just like investing in the stock market ‎ C. a lot of people buy lottery tickets, but lotteries cause disagreement ‎ D. lotteries are just legalized vice ‎2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Politicians like lotteries because they don’t have to pay extra tax.‎ ‎ B. The popularity of lotteries in American actually is social progress.‎ ‎ C. Some critics don’t like lotteries because many poor people waste their money on them.‎ ‎ D. People love the lottery because it is a stock market.‎ ‎3. In just one hour in the last few days, the Pennsylvania lottery sold tickets totaling ________.‎ ‎ A. $ 1.62 million B. $ 90 million ‎ C. $ 9.6 million D. $ 87 million ‎4. People who are addicted to playing lotteries should ________.‎ ‎ A. join a club B. kick the habit ‎ C. win the Pennsylvania D. save every cent ‎ （人生感悟篇） ( G )‎ ‎ Some people who find themselves unable to solve a problem react（反应）by just giving up. But it is not good to escape from problems by giving up or by making excuses for failures. You may be sure that all young people go through the same difficult process that you are going through: meeting new situations, developing new skills, and testing their abilities.‎ ‎ If you are unhappy about something, face it. Try to state the problem in a few words, so that you will know exactly what you are up against. Then see if you can “put your finger” on the cause of your unhappiness.‎ ‎ In many cases, we only “think” there is no solution to a particular problem. But often we can overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.‎ ‎ For example, a boy wanted to be a debater（辩论家）. When he tried out for the debating team as a freshman, the coach thought he was hopeless. He was shy; he had a high-pitched voice; and his posture（体态）was poor. Although he was given little hope of success, he took advantage of every opportunity to debate. He studied successful speakers and sized up his own weaknesses and assets. Then he spent many hours learning all the facts on the topics for debate, and worked at developing good posture and at speaking clearly. By his junior year, he made the school debating team, and in his senior year he was on the winning team in his state. He achieved his goal because he had made a direct attack upon his problem.‎ ‎ Although direct attack is often the best way to meet problems, we have to be realistic in judging situations. Sometimes it is necessary to change the tactics（策略）or the goal .‎ ‎ A girl who has plain features may decide that she cannot win popularity with her face, and so she may try to develop an interesting personality, which eventually will get her much further. In this situation, she must change her method of achieving her goal.‎ ‎ So, although direct attack is often the best way to handle problems, it is important to study the situation and make a wise decision about what to do.‎ ‎1. What is the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Giving up a puzzling problem.‎ ‎ B. Escaping from problems by making excuses for failures.‎ ‎ C. Going through the same difficult process.‎ ‎ D. Testing people’s abilities.‎ ‎2. The phrase “are up against” in the second paragraph could best be replaced by _______.‎ ‎ A. are fond of B. are faced with ‎ C. met with D. looked at ‎3. By taking example from the boy who wanted to be a debater, the author means ________.‎ ‎ A. you are going through new situations, developing new skills, and testing their abilities ‎ B. we can overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack ‎ C. it is necessary to change either the tactics or the goal ‎ D. it is important to study the situation and make a wise decision about what to do ‎4. Which of the following is the topic sentence of the text?‎ ‎ A. It is not good to escape from problems by giving up or by making excuses for failures.‎ ‎ B. If you are unhappy about something, face it, and try to state the problem in a few words.‎ ‎ C. Although direct attack is often the best way to meet problems, we have to be realistic in judging situations.‎ ‎ D. Although direct attack is often the best way to handle problems, it is important to study the situation and make a wise decision about what to do.‎ ‎ (广告类) ( H )‎ ‎ Here are some advertisements taken from a newspaper.‎ ‎ （1）‎ Dear Drew Carter, ‎ ‎ Your first letter on this earth has been a pleasure ride for all of us. We love You! Love, Dad and Mum And many friends. ‎ ‎ （2）‎ ‎ Lawlis-Clarke ‎ The Doctors Virgil and Marjorie Lawlis are pleased to announce the engagement of their daughter Diane Susan to Mr. Robert Brent Clarke, son of Mr. And Mrs. James Clarke of Herford‎, ‎Texas.‎ ‎ A spring wedding is planned in Houston. ‎ ‎ （3）‎ ‎ Isbell-Foss ‎ Mr. And Mrs. Davis K. Isbell announce the marriage of their daughter Dang to Mr. Stanley Foss, son of Mrs. John Sipe of Ada‎, ‎Minnesota.‎ The wedding will be early April at Abiding‎ Love Lutheran ‎Church.‎ ‎ （4）‎ ‎ Story-Kurio ‎ Miss Stephanie Story and Mr. Todd Warren Kurio were married February 5, at half past seven o’clock in the evening at Highland Park Presbyterian Church in Dallas‎, ‎Texas. The bride is the daughter of Mr. And Mrs. Herbert Brule Story Jr. of Dallas. The groom is the son of Mr. And Mrs. Gerald Stanley Kurio of Austin.‎ ‎1. What would be the best title for the first advertisement?‎ A. We Love You B. Happy 1st Birthday C. One Year Old D. Our One-Year-Old Son ‎2. Lawlis and Clarke are going to get married __________.‎ A. in a church ‎ B. where Clarke’s parents live C. against their parents’ will ‎ D. to Lawlis’s parents’ joy ‎3. Who are now a married couple?‎ A. Lawlis and Clarke. B. Dang Isbell and Foss.‎ C. Story and Kurio. D. The text doesn’t say.‎ ‎ ( I )‎ BDU www.chinadaily.com.cn/bdu CHINA‎ DAILY LAUNCHES B D U BUSINESS DAILY UPDATE ‎ Want to keep abreast（赶得上） of the dynamic pulse（强有力的脉搏） of China’s economy?‎ ‎ Get a glance at the most important business activities taking place here every day through Business Daily Update, a service offered by China Daily information via the World Wide Web.‎ ‎ Placed under 10 categories, over 25 mews items appear each day with the top three events highlighted all in English Business Daily Update is just a few mouse clicks away.‎ ‎ Subscribe to BDU for an annual fee of US 240. E-mail and fax services are also available upon request.‎ ‎ For more information, please contact Business Daily Update:‎ ‎ Tel:(010) 64941107,(010)64924488 ext. 2000; Fax: +86-10-6491125‎ ‎ Email: bdu@chinadaily.com.cn;‎ ‎ Url:http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bdu ‎[高考猜想]‎ ‎1. If you get into BDU, you can .‎ ‎ A. find out everything in ‎China ‎ B. get the most important business information in the world ‎ C. get the information about the latest business activities taking place in ‎China ‎ D. get all the information in China Daily ‎2. This ad. will be very helpful to ________.‎ ‎ A. foreign business people ‎ B. foreign travelers ‎ C. Chinese people ‎ D. China Daily reporters ‎3. To get the information from BDU every day, you must _________.‎ ‎ A. understand Chinese ‎ B. know something about the mouse ‎ C. know how to operate a computer ‎ D. how to use a fax machine ‎4 If you have www.chinadaily.com.cn/bdu, you can get in touch with BDU by _________.‎ ‎ A. telephone B. fax C. E-mail D. internet ‎ ‎ ‎ 专题 19 短文改错 ‎[直击考纲] ‎ ‎1、考查考生对语篇的语言评价能力，即借助语境发现、判断、纠正文章中错误的能力。‎ ‎2、考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，综合性强。‎ ‎3、一般情况下题型分布是：正确的有1题，多词或少词各1～2题，其余均为错词。‎ ‎4、要求学生在大约15分钟内，阅读一篇大约120词左右的短文，辨认其中的10行中的错误。‎ ‎5、短文题材多样，取自学生习作或类似学生习作。内容多为常见话题或身边事。难度与高三学生应有程度相当。‎ ‎[热点综观]‎ ‎1、知识图谱 ‎ 测试内容：‎ ‎① 词的用法：‎ 词的惯用法、构词法知识、 冠词 的用法、介词搭配、连词的用法、形容词副词的用法非谓语动词、词义的重叠等。‎ ‎② 一致性问题：‎ 主谓一致、时态语态、名词的数和格的一致、代词中指代关系的一致、句式结构和语意的一致、行文逻辑关系的一致等。‎ ‎2、重点难点 ‎① 比较、转折、因果、对比等句子结构。‎ ‎② 复合句是否时态、语态混乱，引导词不当，成分缺失等。‎ ‎③ 查是否患有固定短语、词组结构中副词、介词或冠词使用不当。‎ ‎④ 名词和代词是否数、格、指代不一致。‎ ‎3、热点冷点 ‎① 非谓语动词作状语，查是否患有逻辑主语或逻辑宾语使用不当。‎ ‎② 比较结构中比较的对象及冠词误用。‎ ‎③ 虚拟语气使用不当。‎ ‎[经典与原创]‎ ‎[例1] (NMET 2003)‎ Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was 6________ ‎ learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote 7________‎ a little story and showed to my teacher. She liked it 8________‎ very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was 9.________‎ a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me. 10________‎ ‎[互动] 6. talking为enjoy的宾语；7. 自己作自己的宾语，用反身代词；8. show为及物动词，后面必须跟宾语；9. 由前后时态要一致而定；words和后面的were要保持主谓一致。‎ ‎[答案] 6. 改talk为talking 7. 改me为myself 8. 改showed为showed it 9. 改reads为read 10. 改word为words ‎[小结] 文中的 “错误”大多来自学生常犯的习作错误，平时把短文改错与书面表达联系起来训练不失为一个两全其美的方法。‎ ‎[例2] Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago 1. _______‎ I was used to watch it every night. I was often 2. _______‎ a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV. 3. _______‎ ‎[互动] 1. 由文章的结尾部分There was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set可以看出Now I can’t watch television，这题只有待全文读完后才可解答，体现了“突出语篇”的特点。2. used to do“过去常常”。‎ ‎[答案] 1. 去掉much，2. 去掉第一个was， 3. 改watch为watching ‎[小结] 理解短文对于正确寻找语篇错误至关重要。‎ ‎[高考面对面]‎ ‎（A）‎ Dear Abby,‎ How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you. 1. ‎ I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my 2. ‎ further education. One hundred and twenty students took exam 3. ‎ for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However, 4. ‎ my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me 5. ‎ going there. They say it is too far away that they will not see me 6. ‎ for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely. They 7. ‎ can’t imagine a girl so young live alone. They advise me to study 8. ‎ in the capital instead. Then I’ll be able to continue living with 9. ‎ them. How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up? 10. ‎ ‎ Best wishes.‎ ‎ Jane ‎ ‎ (B)‎ ‎ Michael was walking along the street other day. 1. __________‎ Then he felt someone shouting his name. 2. __________‎ He stopped and looked around. He was Jack 3. __________‎ Events who were running after him. Michael and 4. __________‎ Jack went to the same school and then to the 5. __________‎ same university. So they hadn’t met each other 6. __________‎ since then. They decided to have the lunch together. 7. ‎ They went to the nearest restaurant and sat by the 8. ‎ table near the window. Then they talked about that 9. ‎ they had done since they graduated the university. 10. ‎ ‎(C)‎ ‎ Last week I went to a movie, which was very touched. It was a sad 1. ________‎ movie about a mother and her sons. When the child was a little 2. ________‎ boy, his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich 3. ________ ‎ family who had no child. The boy received a very good education 4. ________‎ and twenty years later he became doctor. In his hospital, he had a 5. ________‎ patient, who was an old lady. He did care too much about her, 6. ________‎ for she could hardly afford for the medical care. One evening, the 7. ________‎ lady died quietly of a serious illness but on her bed the doctor found 8. ________‎ a letter, in it he discovered the truth and felt the love of a great 9. ________‎ mother. He had wanted to call her mother, but it was too late. 10. _______‎ ‎ ( D )‎ ‎ My cousin and I usually stay out late with some friends ‎ on Saturday evenings, left Grandpa alone at home. 1. ________‎ But it was so cold yesterday that none of us would like 2. ________‎ to suffer from the frozen wind outside. So after dinner we 3. ________‎ stayed home sitting around a fire and listening to Grandpa 4. ________‎ to tell his experiences in the Second World War. Though 5. ________‎ in fact it sounded familiar to us, we were still listening 6. ________‎ attentively so as to make him be happy. Now and then 7. ________‎ we asked Grandpa some questions, which he answers 8. ________‎ in humorous way. We burst out laughing from time to time and 9. ________‎ he laughed too. Full of joy, we all felt especially warm in 10. ________‎ the cold evening.‎ ‎ ( E )‎ How much times do you spend with your ‎ parents? 1. _______‎ When did you last tell them what is on your mind? 2. _______‎ Your parents are your dearest people in the world 3. _______‎ when you are young. And they always care of you 4. _______‎ deep. But even though many children still love 5. _______‎ their mum and dad, families often become more close 6. _______‎ as you get older. The end of the year is a time for families 7. _______‎ to get together. Have you ever thought what you can 8. _______‎ show your parents that you love them? Find chance 9. _______‎ and do something for them or to have a sincere talk with 10. _______‎ them. If you can do this, your parents will be very happy.‎ ‎ ( F )‎ ‎ Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday 1. _______‎ party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but 2. _______‎ I had an examination on Monday morning. It is 3. _______‎ a very important exam but I can’t afford to 4. _______‎ fail it. I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading 5. _______‎ and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that 6. _______‎ I won’t be able to come in this time. Hope you 7. _______‎ can understand. I’ll take this chance to wish 8. _______‎ you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy 9. _______‎ birthday, Peter, and much happy returns of the day! 10. _______‎ ‎ ( G )‎ ‎ Since you are very interested in Beijing Opera, I had managed 1. _______‎ to get for you a ticket for tonight’s performance. It’s worth 2. _______‎ watching because it is performed by several famous player. 3. _______‎ The performance is in Lu Xun Theater. I came to give you a ticket, 4. _______‎ but you happened to out. I have to leave you a note. To get to the 5. _______‎ theatre, we can take the bus just in front of the school gate 6. _______‎ and get off at the second bus-stop. If you want to walk to there, 7. _______‎ just go westward along Beijing Road, and turn to the right 8. _______‎ while you reach Friendship Road. You will see Lu Xun Theatre 9. _______‎ on the right. It won’t spend you long. You can’t miss it. 10. _______‎ ‎ ( H )‎ ‎ An important cause of the so-called generation gap 1. _______‎ is the opportunity which young people have to choose 2. _______‎ their own life style. In more traditional societies, when 3. _______‎ children grow up, they expected to live in the same 4. _______‎ area like their parents, to marry people that their patents 5. _______‎ know, and often continue the family job. In modern 6. _______‎ societies, however, young people often go far for educations, 7. _______‎ move out of their homes at an early age, marrying 8. _______‎ people whom their parents have never met with, and 9. _______‎ choose jobs which are different from that of their parents. 10. _______‎ ‎ ( I )‎ ‎ When I was young, I didn’t know what friendship. When I 1. ________‎ stayed with my friends, a warm feeling came out of the bottom of 2. ________‎ my heart. Now I have grown up and get many friends. And I 3. ________‎ have tasted the pleased feeling of friendship. When I am happy, 4. ________‎ they are also happy and share the happy with me. When I 5. ________‎ make progress, they will be more exciting than I. Besides, when 6. ________‎ I’m in a difficult situation, they will offer help for me. But 7. ________‎ friendship is never an one-way ticket. If we want to get it, 8. ________‎ we must treat others good at first. We should always be ready to 9. ________‎ help the others, especially when they are in difficult situations. 10. ________‎ ‎ ( J )‎ ‎ Time flies as an arrow. I’m already in the second half 1. ________‎ of senior Grade 3 before I realize it. It is only a little more than 2. ________‎ three months before I graduate middle school. At 3. ________‎ the present, I’m busy reviewing my lessons in order to 4. ________‎ take the college entrance examination. I wish to go to 5. ________‎ Beijing‎ ‎University‎, that is one of the best universities not 6. ________‎ only in China but also in the world. I’ll try my best to turn 7. ________‎ my dream to reality. Most of my classmates are also studying 8. ________‎ very hard to realize our wishes. I do believe everyone will 9. ________‎ be able to enter a very good university and college. 10. ________‎ ‎[高考猜想]‎ ‎ ( K )‎ ‎ A few days ago I saw a interesting program on TV. 1. ________‎ It was about the question of traffic in our cities. It seems 2. ________‎ that a great deal of damages is done by traffic. All our 3. ________‎ cities are suffered from this. Some buildings are actually 4. ________‎ falling to pieces. It’s often fast to walk than to go by 5. ________‎ car or bus. The problem has been getting worse for long 6. ________‎ time. This is only one problem in thousands of others in 7. ________‎ our cities. ‎ ‎ 专题 20 书面表达 ‎[直击考纲] ‎ ‎1、书面表达既考查学生综合运用语言的能力，又考查学生用英语书面形式表达思想、意见与记录事实的能力，并重视对考生语言实际应用能力的考查。‎ ‎2、书面表达不是真正意思上的英语作文，而只要求学生根据所给的情景材料在规定字数（100字左右）内，用鲜明、准确无误的语言写一篇书面材料交代清楚内容。‎ ‎3、书面表达的语言一般不超出高中教学大纲所规定的词汇、句型及语法的范畴。‎ ‎4、体裁多样；题材多为学生所熟悉的生活中的人、事和物。‎ ‎5、一般包含6-10个表达要点，由10左右句子组成。‎ ‎[热点综观]‎ ‎1、知识图谱 ‎ 主要命题形式：‎ ‎① 用汉语或汉语加图示提供情景和具体写作要求，写某一形式的应用文。‎ ‎② 用汉语提供背景内容，要求用英语写一篇记叙文介绍人物、地点、事件等。‎ ‎③ 提供一副或一组图，要求根据图片内容写短文。‎ ‎④ 提供一篇英语文章，根据要求进行扩写或缩写成一篇规定字数的短文。‎ ‎2、重点难点 ‎① 克服汉语的干扰，明辨汉英基础语句的差异，运用符合英语语法规范、语言习惯的句子叙事、表意。‎ ‎② 采用同义或近义词、词组相互变换，或句型转化的方式，灵活丰富地表达内容。‎ ‎③ 应用文，如书信、通知、日记、便条的形式、风格和措词等各自的特点。‎ ‎3、热点冷点 ‎① 看图作文是高考常用的命题形式，要求学生将图画信息转化成文字信息，思维过程复杂，难度较大。‎ ‎② 应用文的格式在高考中一般都出现在题干中，但鉴于应用文应用范围广，是高考书面表达的常用文体，望考生作适当准备，防患于未然。‎ ‎[经典与原创] （2002年书面表达试题）‎ ‎[例1] 最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请根据下表所提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。（图表略）‎ 注意：1. 信的开头已为你写好。‎ ‎2. 词数：100左右 ‎3. 参考词汇：门票——entrance fee ‎[互动]以表格的形式，两种前后对比的情况来描述目前非常热点的话题。题材贴近生活立意新颖。但由于提示中有“影响城市形象、票价不宜过高、支付工资”等信息，中等以下的同学以及偏远农村的同学由于对素材有些生疏，在表述中可能感到吃力。‎ ‎[答案] （参考短文略）‎ ‎[小结] 根据所给提示及表格信息，写作时应注意：‎ ‎（1）紧扣主题，准确清楚地描述要点，忌随意发挥；‎ ‎（2）分别阐述两种不同观点，句型表达要灵活多变，避免雷同。忌把两种观点交叉表达，造成表达混乱；‎ ‎（3）语言地道，忌逐个词句翻译，避免中国式英语。‎ ‎（4）运用较多的语法结构和较高级的词汇，以表现较强的语言运用能力；‎ ‎（5）恰当使用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，增加得分因素。‎ ‎（6）注意书写工整，字迹清晰，卷面整洁。‎ ‎[例2] 假定今天是‎5月31日，是世界无烟日。请你拟一份简短的演讲稿。说明吸烟的危害，并努力劝上瘾的人戒烟。不吸烟的不要染上吸烟的坏习惯。一旦上瘾，对健康就有极大的损害。‎ ‎ 中国每年有数以百万计的人因吸烟引起的疾病而死亡。要想健康，最好的方法是戒烟。‎ 字数：80-120。‎ ‎[互动]较为熟悉的话题，联想教材上的相关词语、表达方式，及相关信息来丰富文章内容。‎ ‎[答案]（参考短文略）‎ ‎[小结] 材料内容直观，有利于考生对题目的正确理解，在正确谴词造句的同时注意适当的想象来补充信息，使文章内容丰富、有质感。‎ ‎[高考面对面]‎ ‎1、在21st Century School Edition 的Your words栏目中，某期的讲座论题是：Should teachers visit kids’ homes? 学生、家长和老师对此看法不一。‎ ‎ 假设你是李华同学，请根据下面提示写一封信给该栏目编辑，谈谈你的看法。 你可以表示赞成，可以表示反对，也可以表示其他看法，并请陈述理由。‎ 赞成 反对 其它 ‎1. 面对面的对话增进家长、学生和老师之间的了解 ‎2. 学生感觉到老师更多的关注 ‎3. 教师根据学生的个人情况提建议 ‎1. 教师告状，学生会受 到家长的惩罚 ‎2. 浪费时间和精力 ‎3. 打扰家人的生活 有利有弊 要求：1. 字数：100～120。‎ ‎2. 注意书信的格式。‎ ‎2、说明：下面是有关世界各大洲的面积及人口情况的统计图表，请你据此写一篇短文。‎ AREA ‎1. Asia 30%‎ ‎2. Africa 20%‎ ‎3. North America 16%‎ ‎4. South America 12%‎ ‎5. Antarctica 9%‎ ‎ 6. Europe 7%‎ ‎ 7. Oceania 6%‎ POPUPLATION 1. Asia 58%‎ ‎2. Europe 18%‎ ‎3. Africa 11%‎ ‎4. North America 9%‎ ‎5. South America 5%‎ ‎6. Oceania 1%‎ ‎ 7. Antarctica 0%‎ 要求：内容必须包括所有要点，但不能逐条翻译，字数约100字。‎ 建议词汇：密的：dense 密度：density ‎3、以下是某中学对该校200名同学（男女各100名）的择业理想作出调查后绘制的图表，请根据下表写则英文报道。‎ 其中应包括：1. 数据信息。‎ ‎2. 男女择业异同点。‎ ‎3. 对比最大的职业（对比：contrast）。‎ ‎4. 词数：约100词左右。‎ ‎ S M T B L 图表说明：S — Scientist M — Manager T — Teacher B — Business L — Lawyer ‎4、根据下面图表所示内容，用英语写一篇短文，比较高中生减负前后的有关情况。‎ 要求：1. 短文需包括图表内容，可以适当增加细节，使短文连贯。‎ ‎2. 词数：100字左右。‎ ‎5、假定你是李教授的女儿小丽，李教授生病住在人民医院，他的一位朋友星期日上午10：00要去看他。请根据下面的示意图，给他写封短信，告诉他到大众广场后如何去医院。‎ 注意：1. 词数：80～100词。‎ ‎ 2. 开头已为你写好。‎ Dear John,‎ I’m so grateful you’re coming to see my father at 10:‎00 a.m. on Sunday… ________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ ‎6、假定下面是你家房屋（flat）的平面图，请用英语介绍一下你家的房间布局。（词数100左右）‎ 备用句型: 1. 介词短语+there be+名词。‎ ‎ 2. “介词+which”引导定语从句。‎ ‎7、请根据以下提示写一则书面通知，词数为80-100。‎ ‎① 事宜：关于计算机的用途以及如何利用Internet网络进行学习的讲座。‎ ‎② 讲座人：武汉大学计算机系申蓝教授。‎ ‎③ 时间：‎12月26日，星期六，下午2:00。‎ ‎④ 地点：图书楼208室。‎ ‎⑤ 参加对象：电脑爱好者。‎ ‎⑥ 要求：参加者准备一些自己在学习过程中遇到的问题。‎ ‎⑦ 组织者：校学生会。‎ ‎⑧ 通知时间：‎12月26日。‎ ‎8、某照相机厂生产一种名为“丽影”的数码（digital）照相机，现准备打入国际市场，请你用英文为该产品写一份广告推荐书。‎ 相关资料如下 产地：中国湖北；‎ 生产厂家：乐达照相机厂（生产照相机史五十余年）‎ 性能特点：款式新颖，多样；体积小；重量轻；操作方便。可作多种用途。‎ 价格：是同类新产品价格的70%。‎ ‎9、请根据下列图画，以“The Way to Keep healthy”为题，用英语写一篇短文。‎ 注意：1. 短文须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯；‎ ‎2. 词数：120～140词。‎ ‎10、下列六幅画描述你在‎2003年11月10日那天的情况，用日记的方式给予表达。词数：120左右。‎ 提示：1. 准备上学。‎ ‎2. 发现一建筑物着火。‎ ‎3. 报火警。‎ ‎11、观察下列图画，根据图画的内容写一篇短文，说明你和你爸爸对暑假的不同看法。短文必须包括图画的主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯。‎ ‎12、请按照下面六幅图的提示和所提供的主题句，写一篇题为“Changes in Our Life”的英语短文。词数100左右。‎ ‎ Changes in Our Life ‎ Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life. Take my family for example. ________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎13、假设你是学校广播电台英文节目的编辑，请按照下面的图画所示内容，用英文写一篇广播稿，向同学们介绍在发生禽流感疫情的情况下应采取的一些预防措施。‎ 注意：①广播稿须包括图画的主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯；‎ ‎② 词数100左右；开头语已经为你写好；‎ ‎③ 参考词汇：禽流感bird flu ‎ It is reported that bird flu has broken out in parts of the world and therefore it is very important for us to know how to protect ourselves against it. The following are some dos and don’ts suggested by experts.___________________________________ ______________________________________________.‎ ‎[高考猜想]‎ ‎14、假设你叫李华，你家所在小区旁的“旅行家饭店”最近被某外资集团接管，并将被改建。请你用英语给该集团负责人写信，根据下图提供的信息反映饭店对小区居民生活的影响，希望他们接管后迅速解决卡拉OK厅噪音扰民、污水漫溢和停车场车辆进出引起的交通阻塞，有安全隐患等三大问题。‎ 注意：① 词数100左右 ②参考词汇：卡拉OK厅 karaoke hall 停车场 parking lot 居民区 residential area Dear Sir/Madam, ‎ ‎____________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours truly, Li Hua