2014高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练25

2014高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练25

‎2019高考英语一轮复习综合解析训练25‎ Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1.Scientists have created _______ intelligent food wrapping material that changes color if _______ contents are going bad. ‎ A. an; 不填 B. 不填; the C. an; the D. the; 不填 ‎2. —I have decided to spend my summer holidays in France. ‎ ‎—_______ I’m sure you’ll have a good time. ‎ A. How are you? B. Let me see. ‎ C. Sounds wonderful. D. Well done! ‎ ‎3. —I’m exhausted. I _______ on a design day and night. ‎ ‎—You’d better have several days off after finishing it. Otherwise you might break down.‎ A. have been working B. have worked C. work D. worked ‎4. Living in a highly _______ society，you definitely have to arm yourself with modern technology and skills. ‎ A. competitive B. fierce C. attractive D. sensitive ‎5. In order to remove poverty, the World Bank has switched its _______ to providing assistance to developing countries. ‎ A. concern B. process C. focus D. struggle ‎6.—If you are unable to attend the interview, for _______ reason, you should inform us immediately. ‎ ‎—Got it. ‎ A. that B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever ‎7. I have sent several e-mails to the company for the advertised job, none of _______ has been answered. ‎ A. whom B. that C. which D. whose ‎8.—Everyone will make a mistake. ‎ ‎—Yeah, but we should correct it _______ it gets worse. ‎ A. when B. before C. after D. while ‎9. When choosing a university, don’t just think about its reputation; _______ for the most suitable one for your goals. ‎ A. to look B. looking C. looked D. look ‎10.—What happened to the young trees we planted last week? ‎ ‎—The trees _______ well, but I didn’t water them. ‎ A. might grow B. needn’t have grown ‎ C. would have grown D. would grow ‎ ‎11.We should consider the students’ request _______ the school library provide more books on popular science. ‎ A. that B. when C. which D. where ‎12.—Have you received your new shoes? ‎ ‎—Yes. And at the same time I got the jacket I _______. ‎ A. had ordered B. ordered C. have ordered D. order ‎13. After several rounds of competition, the little girl _______ because of her excellent spoken English and quick response. ‎ A. put out B. picked out C. broke out D. stood out ‎14. _______ your ability to adapt to the new work, you are no worse than the others; you are just much too careless. ‎ A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In memory of D. In search of ‎ ‎15. —Would you mind if I took my pet dog to your birthday party? ‎ ‎—_______. It’s OK with me. ‎ A. I hate dogs B. By all means ‎ C. With pleasure D. You’re welcome Ⅱ. 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A new study suggests that early exposure to germs(细菌) strengthens the immune(免疫的)system. That means letting children get a little dirty might be good for their health later in life. ‎ The study involved laboratory mice. It found that adult mice raised in a germ-free environment were more likely to develop allergies, asthma and other autoimmune disorders. There are more than eighty disorders where cells that normally defend the body instead attack tissues and organs. ‎ Richard Blumberg，who led the study, is a professor at Harvard Medical School in Boston，Massachusetts. He says, in 1989, medical researchers who sought to explain these diseases, first discovered that the increasing use of antibacterial soaps and other products, especially early in life, could weaken immune systems. ‎ Now, Dr. Blumberg and his team have what is the first biological evidence to link early exposure to germs to stronger adult immune systems. They say this exposure could prevent the development of some autoimmune diseases. ‎ In the adult germ-free mice, they found that inflammation(发炎)in the lungs and colon was caused by so-called killer T cells. These normally fight infection. But they became overactive and targeted healthy tissue—an autoimmune condition seen in asthma and a disease called ulcerative colitis. ‎ Dr. Blumberg says the mice raised in a normal environment did not have the same reaction. He says their immune systems had been “educated” by early exposure to germs. ‎ Rates of autoimmune disorders are rising worldwide, but mostly in wealthier, industrialized countries. According to Dr. Blumberg, it might be high time that people were warned to be more careful with the early use of antibiotics (抗生素) and the prescription from their doctors. ‎ Rob Dunn is a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at North Carolina State University in Raleigh. He says the new study does not mean people should stop washing. “Wash your hands, but don’t do it with antibacterial soap. Let your kids ‎ play in a reasonable amount of dirt and get outside and get exposed to a diversity of things”, says Rob Dunn. ‎ ‎16. Who first found immune systems might get harmed by overly using antibacterial products? ‎ A. A professor of ecology and evolutionary biology. ‎ B. A professor at Harvard Medical School in Boston. ‎ C. Medical researchers who tried to explain autoimmune disorders. ‎ D. Medical researchers who tried to treat autoimmune disorders. ‎ ‎17. To keep healthy in the future, children had better _______. ‎ A. play in a dirty environment once in a while B. live in a germ-free environment C. use plenty of antibacterial soaps D. stay in developed countries ‎18. Why are germ-free mice easy to develop lung inflammation? ‎ A. Because their T cells fight bacteria effectively. ‎ B. Because their T cells attack the healthy tissues. ‎ C. Because their lungs become abnormally active. ‎ D. Because their lungs have weaker tissues. ‎ ‎19. It can be inferred from the text that _______. ‎ A. washing hands is no longer a good habit for children B. antibiotics will be forbidden in children’s hospitals C. exposure to dirt helps build children’s characters D. the abuse of antibiotics may be condemned 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎●Hi, Carolyn: It’s been a bad time for my husband and me. I haven’t been able to get pregnant since a miscarriage about a year ago, and many people around me have had babies or are getting pregnant. 20 I have been looking for another job for months and have been on more interviews than I ever thought I would get. But I still don’t have a new position. ‎ ‎21 I know everyone has ups and downs, but I feel like I’ve been down so long, with nothing changing. How do you continue feeling hopeful when so many things go wrong? I’ve seen a doctor. She did help, but it still hurts when another friend is pregnant or wait another week with no job offer. ‎ ‎—Feeling Down ‎●Dear, Feeling down: It will hurt, yes. And if you’ve lost hope, then analyzing the depression is a must. It’s so personal that it’s hard to make suggestions, but what are you reliably good at, what gives you great pleasure, and what puts smiles on your face? 22 For many it’s just getting to the other side, knowing you have a favorite book or the person you love waiting for you at the end of the day. ‎ Personally, being a mom also comes with difficult lows, since all kids struggle with the world and with their parents. It’s their job. While you say “so many things go wrong, ” I actually count two in your letter—losing your baby and your job. 23 But you do have your general health, your talents, your marriage, your friends, your family, and other abilities and interests to move you forward. 24 ‎ ‎—Carolyn A. I don’t mean to minimize either; they’re life’s challenges, and you’re facing both. ‎ B. I’m beginning to feel like I can’t have things go right. ‎ C. Would you be so kind as to help me with my problems? ‎ D. My job is probably not going to last beyond spring. ‎ E. Whenever you need them, they are proof of your strength. ‎ F. For some people it’s exercise; for some it’s giving their time to a goal. ‎ G. Take a deep breath and just take it easy. ‎ 答案解析 ‎1.【解析】选C。考查冠词用法。句意：科学家们已经制造了一种智能的食品包装材料，如果里面的东西要变质，它就会变色。在第一个空中用不定冠词an表示“一种”；contents之前加定冠词the，表示特指。‎ ‎2.【解析】选C。考查情景交际。句意：——我已经决定要去法国度暑假。‎ ‎——听起来很不错。我相信你会玩得非常高兴。How are you? 你好吗？；Let me see.‎ ‎ 让我想想；Sounds wonderful. 听起来很不错；Well done! 做得好。‎ ‎3.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意：——我现在很疲惫。我一直在夜以继日地进行一项设计。——你最好完成设计后休几天假，否则你身体可能会垮掉。根据语境，“进行设计”是从过去到目前还一直在进行的动作，故要用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎4.【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：生活在一个高度竞争的社会，你肯定要用现代化的技术和技能来武装自己。competitive 竞争的；fierce 凶猛的；猛烈的；attractive 迷人的，吸引人的；sensitive 敏感的。故本题正确选项为A。‎ ‎5.【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：为了消除贫困，世界银行已经将重点转向为发展中国家提供援助。focus 重点，中心；concern 关心，关注； process 过程； struggle 努力；奋斗。 ‎ ‎6.【解析】选B。考查连接词。句意：如果你不能参加面试，不管是因为什么原因，你应该马上通知我们。whatever在句中为形容词，意为“无论什么样的”，修饰reason; whichever意为“无论哪一个”；wherever为副词，不能修饰名词。‎ ‎7.【解析】选C。考查含“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句。句意：我已经向这家公司发了几封电子邮件申请广告上的工作，这些邮件中却没有一个得到回复。句中的e-mails为先行词，none of之后的关系代词指物，故要用which。‎ ‎8.【解析】选B。考查状语从句。句意：——每个人都会犯错误。——是的，但我们应该趁着情况还没有变得更糟糕就去更正它。before在句中作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前，趁着……还没有……”。‎ ‎9.【解析】选D。考查祈使句。句意：在选择大学时，不要只考虑其声望；要寻找最适合你目标的大学。句中第二部分为祈使句，要以动词原形开头，故选D。‎ ‎10.【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意：——我们上周种的小树怎么样了？‎ ‎——这些小树本来会长得很好，但是我没有给它们浇水。答句考查虚拟语气，对过去的事实进行假设，相当于If I had watered them, they would have grown well. 故本题选C。‎ ‎【方法技巧】在对虚拟语气进行考查时，有时虚拟句的条件句并不出现，而是以其他的形式进行呈现。比如以without或but for短语引导的隐含条件句呈现或用otherwise或but前后引导两个分句的形式呈现，特别是以otherwise或but引导并列句形式出现的结构，两个分句所用的语气正好相反，即在otherwise引导并列时，其前的句子要用陈述语气，而其后的句子要用虚拟语气；而but引导并列句时，则其前为虚拟语气，其后为陈述语气。例如：‎ ‎—Did you have any trouble getting here? ‎ ‎—No. Otherwise I _______ you. ‎ A. telephoned ‎ B. should have telephoned C. would have telephoned D. had telephoned ‎【剖析】本句中otherwise之后就为虚拟部分，由语境中的第一部分可知，对话发生在过去的某个时间，因此本题是对过去语境的一个假设，故此部分的虚拟结构要选C。整个句子相当于：If I had any trouble getting here, I would have telephoned you. ‎ ‎11.【解析】选A。考查名词性从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生提出的学校图书馆应该提供更多科普图书的要求。request意为“要求，请求”，其后接that引导的同位语从句，解释说明request的内容。‎ ‎12.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意：——你是否收到了你的新鞋？——收到了。同时我也收到了我订购的夹克。根据语境，order（订购）一词表示的动作发生在got之前，故用过去完成时。‎ ‎13.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几轮的比赛，小女孩因为其出色的英语口语和快速反应脱颖而出。stand out 突出，出色；put out 扑灭，伸出；pick out 挑选出来; break out 爆发。由此可知D项正确。 ‎ ‎14.【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：就适应新工作的能力而言，你不比其他人差，你就是太粗心。in terms of 从……角度而言，依据，根据；in spite of 尽管，不管，不顾；in memory of 为纪念……；in search of 搜寻，搜索。故本题正确选项为B。‎ ‎15.【解析】选B。考查情景交际。句意：——我把我的宠物狗带到你的生日晚会你介意吗？——当然可以。我没问题。从说话人所说的It’s OK with me. 可知，说话者允许对方把宠物狗带到晚会上来，故要用by all means 意为“当然可以”；A项回答与后面的It’s OK with me相矛盾。With pleasure 我很高兴/愿意做；You’re welcome 不客气。‎ 第一节 ‎【文章大意】研究发现，孩子们在小时候适当地接触一点脏的东西会强化他们的自身免疫系统，而过度使用抗生素或抗菌产品反而对人的健康有害。‎ ‎16.【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章第三段中的. . . in 1989, medical researchers who sought to explain these diseases, first discovered that the increasing use of antibacterial soaps and other products, especially early in life, could weaken ‎ immune systems. 可知，医学研究者最早在1989年发现滥用抗菌产品会对人的免疫系统产生危害。 ‎ ‎17.【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第一段可知，小的时候接触细菌会强化人的免疫系统，因此让孩子偶尔到脏的环境中是对孩子未来的健康有好处的，文章最后一段中的Let your kids play in a reasonable amount of dirt and get outside and get exposed to a diversity of things也说明了这一观点。‎ ‎18.【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第五段中的. . . inflammation in the lungs and colon was caused by so-called killer T cells. These normally fight infection. But they became overactive and targeted healthy tissue. . . 可知答案。‎ ‎19.【解析】选D。推理判断题。由文章第三段中的the increasing use of antibacterial soaps and other products, especially early in life, could weaken immune systems. 及倒数第二段中的it might be high time that people were warned to be more careful with the early use of antibiotics and the prescription from their doctors. 可知抗生素的滥用可能是不适宜的，会削弱人体的免疫系统。‎ 第二节 答案：20～24. DBFAE