四川省高考英语试题及答案解析

四川省高考英语试题及答案解析

‎2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）‎ 英 语 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共100分）‎ 第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ ‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1. —Excuse me. How much is the shirt?‎ ‎— _______.‎ A. Extra Large B. 50 each C. It sells well D. Altogether there are 5 ‎ ‎2. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.‎ A. that B. this C. one D. it ‎ ‎3.—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.‎ ‎—Sure. ______.‎ A. I did B. I do C. I shall D. I will ‎4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.‎ A. while B. although C. so D. as ‎5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.‎ A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is ‎ ‎6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.‎ A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found ‎7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _____ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.‎ A. only B. also C. even D. still ‎8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.‎ A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound ‎9.—Did you catch what I said?‎ ‎—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.‎ A. had answering B. have answered C. would answer D. was answering ‎10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait for help.‎ A. why B. where C. who D. what ‎11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.‎ A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt ‎12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.‎ A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash ‎13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.‎ A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them ‎14. This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.‎ A. as well as B. so long as C. so much as D. as soon as ‎15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.‎ A. luck B. value C. time D. fact ‎16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.‎ A. that a big B. a that big C. big a that D. that big a ‎ ‎17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.‎ A. when B. how C. that D. whether ‎18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.‎ A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a ‎ ‎19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.‎ A. must B. might C. can D. should ‎ ‎20. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.‎ A. picked up B. looked up C. put up D. made up ‎ ‎1.【答案与解析】 B 本题考查交际用语。句意为“打扰一下，这衬衫多少钱？”“______。”A意为“超大号”，B意为“每件50”C意为“它很畅销”，D意为“总共有5（件）”。根据语境，故选B。‎ ‎2.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查代词。题干为固定句型：make + it + adj. + to do。其中it作形式宾语，替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意为：新兴科技已经使得更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。‎ ‎3.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查交际用语。根据上句“再见，约翰。（欢迎）找个时间再来。”而选D，意为：我会的，我愿意。‎ ‎4.【答案与解析】 A 本题考查并列连词。题干句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。‎ ‎5.【答案与解析】 C 本题考查倒装句。nor位于句首引起部分倒装，排除B、D；再根据句意“这并不是（关于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局不同。”选代词it。故答案选C。‎ ‎6.【答案与解析】 B 本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：汤姆乘的士赶到机场，结果只发现他要乘坐的飞机已经飞入高空了。此处only后接动词不定式to do表示意想不到的结果。故选B。‎ ‎7.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查副词用法。根据句意“这个旅馆差不多竣工了，但仍还要一两周才可以接待客人。”选still（仍然，还）。‎ ‎8.【答案与解析】 C 本题考查非谓语动词。此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。‎ ‎9.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查动词时态。句意为：“你听懂我所说的了吗？”“对不起。我刚刚在回短信。”根据句意及时间状语just now可知，回短信的动作正好是发生在问话人说话的那一时间点，即表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作，故选过去进行时态D。‎ ‎10.【答案与解析】 B 本题考查地点状语从句。where引导的地点状语表明主句动作发生的地点，即：你最好呆在你现在所在的地方。故选B。‎ ‎11.【答案与解析】 A 本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：他们现在暂时和父母一起居住，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，应使用被动语态，且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。‎ ‎12.【答案与解析】 A 本题考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。‎ ‎13.【答案与解析】 C 本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。‎ ‎14.【答案与解析】 A 本题考查介词as构成的短语用法区别。A意为“除…之外（还有）；和”；B意为“只要”；C意为“与…一样多”（不用于肯定句）；D意为“一…就”‎ ‎。此题句意为：这个培训计划除了可以提高你的收入40%之外，还能够让你在工作方面得到提升。根据句意选A。‎ ‎15.【答案与解析】 C 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选C。‎ ‎16.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查副词用法。副词that表示“那么…”修饰形容词的固定短语为：that + adj. （+ a/ an + n.），相当于so及how的用法，即that(so/ how) big a difference — 那么（如此/多么）大的一个分别（影响）。故选D。‎ ‎17.【答案与解析】 B 本题考查名词性从句。句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。‎ ‎18.【答案与解析】 D 本题考查冠词。第一空Information Age前加定冠词the为固定说法；第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。”用不定冠词。故答案选D。‎ ‎19.【答案与解析】 B 本题考查情态动词。句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。‎ ‎20.【答案与解析】 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。pick up意为“（无意之间、偶然地）学会”；look up意为“（在书籍中）查找”；put up意为“张贴；搭建”；make up意为“构成；编造”。此句句意为：令人惊奇的是，你的弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder ____21___ he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly _____22____ his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.‎ ‎ Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explains.‎ ‎ But the phone didn’t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.‎ ‎ Sibson’s house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden ‎ by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .‎ ‎ Up a hill nearby lived Sibson’s neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.‎ ‎ Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.”‎ ‎ “Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I’m trapped!” coming from the second floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 .‎ ‎ After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back.‎ ‎ The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.‎ ‎ Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. “ I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”‎ ‎21. A. before B. while C. since D. until ‎22. A. on B. in C. through D. over ‎23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape ‎24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded ‎25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired ‎26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered ‎27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along ‎28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful ‎29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed ‎30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone ‎31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger ‎32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage ‎33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh ‎34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight ‎35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt ‎36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped ‎37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit ‎38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone ‎39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced ‎40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【本文要点】本文为记叙文，叙述了在一场雷雨引发房屋火灾之后，Sibson如何自救，以及他的邻居Huggons如何帮他脱离险境的惊心动魄的故事。‎ ‎21. A 此句句意为：在Sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示“还来不及…就…”。‎ ‎22. D “暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。‎ ‎23. C 根据后文“他打开通向地下室的门”可以判断Sibson冲下楼梯的目的是“查看一下”到底发生了什么事情。‎ ‎24. D 他打开地下室的门，火焰从里面喷发出来。此处explode out意为break out（突然爆发）。‎ ‎25. A 根据此句中“因为这个房间有一个通向屋外的独立的楼梯”，因此他当时感觉应该是“安全的”。‎ ‎26. B 当他正想通过那个楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给阻拦（stop），故用B。‎ ‎27. B 根据前面“three kilometres”及后文“so well hidden by trees”可知他的房子应该是离开主干道有3公里。故用介词off。‎ ‎28. C 由于离开主干道3公里且被树所遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的（fruitless），故选C。‎ ‎29. A 突然他听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。strike one’s ears“传进某人的耳朵；突然听到”。‎ ‎30. D 根据后文Huggons拨打911可知，他是带上了他的电话。故选D。‎ ‎31. A Huggons应该是朝着他所听到的声音方向而去。故选A。‎ ‎32. B 警察应该是警告Huggons不要进入Sibson的房子。故选enter。‎ ‎33. C Huggons说他不能听到Sibson的拼命叫喊。应使用scream。‎ ‎34. A Huggons进入房子，但由于烟雾很大，他很快不得不跑回来“喘口气”。此处catch one’s breath意为“喘口气”，故答案选A。‎ ‎35. D 在又一次打算进入房子的尝试之后，Huggons最后还是放弃了，绕着圈子回来了。此处应使用attempt（尝试）。‎ ‎36. B 由于烟雾很大，Huggons应该是摸索着绕着从房子里面出来的，故选B。‎ ‎37. C 当风将烟雾吹得足够的分散，以致他能够看到Sibson。此处part表示将…分开，因此不能用open，因此答案选C。‎ ‎38. D 他用电筒往丛林中照。此处shine the flashlight为固定说法，意为“用电筒照”。故选D。‎ ‎39. C Huggons将梯子搭在房子上，将Sibson从二楼拽下来。此时二楼房子就要倒了，为了形容动作之快，故用pull。‎ ‎40. D 根据后文Sibson自己所说的话“我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我生命中最美丽的声音，是Huggons。”可知，他对Huggons心存感激。故选D。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题；每小题3分，满分40分）‎ A ‎ On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.‎ ‎ Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.‎ ‎ There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.‎ ‎ Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.‎ ‎ The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.‎ ‎ The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars’（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.‎ ‎41. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?‎ A. The scenes are colorful and changeable.‎ B. There are many windows in the wooden house.‎ C. The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.‎ D. The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.‎ ‎42. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that ______ .‎ A. the kids like playing in trees ‎ B. the kids are very familiar with trees ‎ C. the kids have learned much knowledge D. the kids find trees useful learning tools ‎43. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. The change of seasons is easily felt.‎ B. The seasons make the scenes change.‎ C. The weather often changes in the forest.‎ D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.‎ ‎44. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?‎ A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.‎ B. To introduce her children’s happy life in the forest.‎ C. To show that living in the forest is healthful.‎ D. To share the joy of living in the nature.‎ ‎【本文要点】本文描述了作者与家人身居大自然怀抱中切身的美丽感受。文章主要展示了作者居住环境的大自然的美景和在此美景怀抱中生活的惬意之情。‎ ‎41. A 推理判断题。本段中提到，每个窗户都会有一个不同的风景，森林和湖泊与一小时之前所见到的都不一样。据此可知，作者身居的环境是多彩和变换的。故选A。‎ ‎42. C 推理判断题。根据第四段话中“Our kids have learned the names of the trees…”“As they tell all…white pines are the best climbing trees”可知孩子们已经了解了关于周围环境包括树在内的很多知识。故答案选C。‎ ‎43. A 推理判断题。划线部分的字面意思为：季节就在门外变化着。再根据本段对于周围大自然的变化的描述可知，作者身处此地，能够很容易地感觉到季节的变换。故答案为A。‎ ‎44. D 推理判断题。此题推测文章写作目的。通读全文，不难了解，作者是与我们读者分享他身居大自然的快乐生活。故答案为D。‎ B Here is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2012: More than 200 B&Bs（bed & breakfast）across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don’t miss it. Just collect the vouchers（活动券）in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below:‎ ● The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.‎ ● The offer is of two kinds: ￡20 per room, valid（有效的）during stay period of ‎ 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012；￡35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/06/2012—31/08/2012.‎ ● The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.‎ ● The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/04/2012.‎ ● Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night.‎ ● If voucher holders book either the ￡20 or ￡35 per room per night, any additional services such as lunch, evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.‎ ● Vouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve（保留）the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.‎ ● Vouchers may not be used together with any other offer.‎ ● The voucher holders must pay for the stay in full at the time of booking. Additional ￡10 may be paid to confirm（确认）the booking and will be returned on arrival.‎ ● The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18.‎ ‎45. The voucher can be used for a stay at the chosen B&B on ______.‎ A. 09/01/2012 B. 04/02/2012 C. 01/03/2012 D. 28/04/2012‎ ‎46. How much should be paid for a two-night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B?‎ A. ￡70 B. ￡40 C. ￡35 D. ￡30‎ ‎47. What right do the B&Bs reserve?‎ A. To charge extra ￡10 for bookings with no vouchers.‎ B. To refuse bookings for guest under the age of 18.‎ C. To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.‎ D. To request extra charges as tips.‎ ‎48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to ______ .‎ A. book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&Bs B. have lunch or evening meal without paying extra money C. use the B&B offer together with other offers D. book the stays though B&B Daily ‎ ‎【本文要点】本文介绍了英国的B&Bs旅行食宿优惠活动。文章主要谈到了此次活动的具体操作注意事项。‎ ‎45. D 细节理解题。根据文中所提到的时间：02/04/2012—31/05/2012；01/09/2012—31/10/2012；01/06/2012—31/08/2012可知，四到十月活动券有效。故答案为D。‎ ‎46. B 细节理解题。根据文中“￡20 per room, valid（有效的）during stay period of 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012”可知，在十月住两天晚上需￡40。‎ ‎47.B 细节理解题。根据最后一条规定“The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18”可知答案为B。‎ ‎48. A 细节理解题。根据第三条规定“The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only”可知答案为A。‎ C I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.‎ ‎ I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words. ‎ ‎ It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.‎ ‎ Then I met an agent（代理商）who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.‎ ‎ The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.‎ ‎ It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do ‎ something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.‎ ‎49. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. I was waiting for good fortune.‎ B. I was trying to find an admirable job.‎ C. I was being aimless about a suitable job.‎ D. I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.‎ ‎50. The author decided to write a novel ______ .‎ A. to finish the writing course B. to realize her own dream C. to satisfy readers’ wish ‎ D. to earn more money ‎51. How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?‎ A. Disturbed. B. Ashamed. C. Confident. D. Uncertain.‎ ‎52. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?‎ A. It pays to stick to one’s goal.‎ B. Hard work can lead to success.‎ C. She feels like being unexpectedly lucky.‎ D. There is no end in sight when starting to do something.‎ ‎【本文要点】文章叙述了作者从英语文学专业毕业之后，几经周折，最终幸运地找到自己喜爱的写书这门职业的事情。‎ ‎49. C 推理判断题。根据前后文“but no sense of what I wanted to do”“just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, …then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job…”可知作者对于找怎样的一份适合自己的工作这件事漫无目的。故选C。‎ ‎50. B 细节理解题。根据第二段话“I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel”可知作者决定写小说的目的只是满足自己内心深处的愿望，实现自己的梦想。故答案为B。‎ ‎51. D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段话“It takes confidence to make a new start”“ My confidence dived”“ Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside”‎ 及本段叙述了作者回答别人问题时提到“I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there”可知，此时他的感觉应该是还不完全确定他现在是否还要继续写他的小说。故答案选D。‎ ‎52. A 推理判断题。本段作者表达他刚刚开始时“there’s no end in sight”到后来的“an unbelievable stroke of luck” “to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）”是想要告诉读者，坚持自己的目标是值得的，总会碰到运气的降临。B项“刻苦努力是成功之路”，不符合文章意思。C、D项停留于文章表面意思。故答案为A。‎ D In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.‎ ‎ Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.‎ ‎ MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.‎ ‎ The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.‎ ‎ MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.‎ ‎“Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.‎ Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.‎ The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how ‎ students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.‎ ‎53. According to this text, edX is _______.‎ A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses D. a free program online for universities worldwide ‎54. What is said about online education in the text?‎ A. Universities have been trying online courses.‎ B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.‎ C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.‎ D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.‎ ‎55. The underlined part in the text probably means “ ”.‎ A. Get ready for the difficulties B. Get ready for this educational change C. Get prepared to complete the online courses D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses ‎56. What can be said about MITx according to the text?‎ A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.‎ B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.‎ C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.‎ D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.‎ ‎【本文要点】本文为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了Harvard和MIT联手向全球免费提供网上课程的事情。‎ ‎53. C 细节理解题。根据第一段话说Harvard和MIT联手向全球免费提供网上课程及第二段话“a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX”可知edX是这两所大学联手打造的一个网上免费授课的平台。故答案选C。‎ ‎54. A 细节判断题。B项应是2,000 classes；C项，应是100多万人使用，而不是完成了课程；D项文中没有谈到它们的课程是否相似。根据倒数第二段话“Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global ‎ population online”可知答案选A。‎ ‎55. B 词义推断题。此句的字面意思为“系好安全带”。结合文章的意思便是为这些大学在网上开设免费课程这一教育的变革做好准备。故答案为B。‎ ‎56. C 细节理解题。根据第三段“In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses”可知MITx是承认修完课程的证书。故答案选C。‎ E Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted（预测）in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.‎ ‎ Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.‎ ‎ Increased carbon dioxide（CO2）in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.‎ ‎ “Predicting species’ reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researches of several U.S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.‎ ‎ The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated（低估）the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.‎ ‎ “Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance — for both leafing and flowering — that results from temperature increases,” the study said.‎ ‎ The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.‎ ‎ Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis（光合作用）to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.‎ ‎ Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979.‎ ‎ So far, efforts to cut emissions（排放）of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as ‎ enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century — a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.‎ ‎57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?‎ A. Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem.‎ B. The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’ expectation.‎ C. Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.‎ D. Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.‎ ‎58. We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that ______.‎ A. plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafing B. there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents C. scientists should improve the design of the experiments D. the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change ‎59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _______.‎ A. they can prove the climate change clearly B. they are very important in the food chains C. they play a leading role in reducing global warming D. they are growing and flowering much faster than before ‎60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world’s temperature?‎ A. It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.‎ B. Its change will lead to weather extremes.‎ C. It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1990.‎ D. It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.‎ ‎【本文要点】本文为科普类文章。文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前生长开花，进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。‎ ‎57. B 细节理解题。第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which所引导的定语从句上。根据“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预期。故选B。A为次要信息。‎ ‎58. C 推理判断题。第五段话“It found that some experiments had underestimated（低估）the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times”暗示读者：对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。‎ ‎59. B 细节理解题。根据第四段“They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services”‎ 可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。故答案选B。‎ ‎60. D 推理判断题。从倒数第二段“…has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979”可知A、C项错误；从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过2℃，便会出现weather extremes。暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2℃的范围之内。故答案选D。‎ 第二节 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ — What seems to be the problem?‎ — ‎ 61 ‎ — How long have you been like this?‎ — Since Saturday night.‎ — ‎____ 62 ‎ — Yes, I also feel lighthearted.‎ — Can you think of anything you ate Saturday that might have caused it?‎ — All I can think of is the fish I had. It didn’t taste quite right.‎ — ‎____ 63 Now I’ll give you some medicine. Take it and you should be feeling better soon.‎ — ‎____ 64 ‎ — I also suggest that you follow a special diet.‎ — ‎____ 65 ‎ — You should stick to eating lighter foods.‎ A. What’s that?‎ B. That might be it.‎ C. Thank you, doctor.‎ D. Any other problems?‎ E. I have a running nose.‎ F. Have you seen a doctor?‎ G. I have a terrible stomachache.‎ ‎【答案与解析】此对话是医生与病人之间的对话。‎ ‎61. G 根据上句“有什么问题？”可知答案应确定在E和G。再根据后文谈到吃鱼，可知答案为G。‎ ‎62. D 根据下句的“Yes”可知，应填上一般疑问句，再根据后文“I also feel lighthearted”可知答案为D。‎ ‎63. B 根据上句“It didn’t taste quite right”及下句“I’ll give you some medicine”可知答案为B。‎ ‎64. C 在医生开处方及叮嘱之后，应使用感谢之类的语言。‎ ‎65. A 根据上句“我也建议你要有个特殊的饮食”及后句“你应该坚持吃更清淡点的食物”可知答案为A。‎ 第II卷（非选择题，共50分）‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个沟（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正；‎ 此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（／）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词。并也用斜线划掉。‎ 此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。‎ 此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。‎ 注意：原行没有错的不要改 Dear Mom, ‎ ‎ Mother’s Day is coming. I’m sorry that I am abroad 66._______‎ and can’t send your flowers, so I’m writing to you. 67._______‎ ‎ Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you 68.________‎ before. But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell 69.________‎ you loudly: I love you, Mom! Thank you so much by not 70._________‎ only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good 71._________‎ person. Thank you for all you had done for me. Mom, though 72._________‎ I may often say it, I do love you. Nobody can take your 73,_________‎ part in my heart. Whenever I am, I will always love you. 74._________‎ ‎ Hope you good health and much happiness every day! 75._________‎ ‎ Your little girl,‎ ‎ Jennifer ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎66. 正确。‎ ‎67. your改为you。考查代词。此处动词send接双宾语，应使用宾格形式，构成短语send sb. sth.。‎ ‎68. thank改为thanks。考查名词单复数。“表达感谢”应为：express one’s thanks。‎ ‎69. 去掉on。考查介词。在副词today之前不用介词，故去掉。‎ ‎70. by改为for。考查介词。Thank sb. for…为固定短语“因…而感谢”。‎ ‎71. teach改为teaching。考查非谓语动词。此处是but连接的用于介词之后的并列的动名词形式。‎ ‎72. had改为have。考查动词时态。全篇文章属于现在的时态，故将过去完成时改为现在完成时。‎ ‎73. may后加not。考查句意。句意为：妈妈，虽然我可能没有经常说，但我确实很爱你。‎ ‎74. Whenever改为Wherever。考查连词。根据句意：无论我在哪里，我总是爱你的。‎ ‎75. Hope改为Wish。考查动词辨析。动词hope后不能接双宾语，应用wish符合语境和语法规则。‎ 第一节 书面表达（满分35分）‎ ‎ 假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。‎ 1. 对英语学习的认识；‎ 2. 自己目前的英语水平；‎ 3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题；‎ 4. 对英语教学的两点建议。‎ 注意：‎ 1. 词数100左右；‎ 2. 信的开头和结尾已给出。‎ Dear Ms Li,‎ ‎ I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Thank you! ‎ ‎ Li Hua 思路点拨：‎ 这是一封英文稿件，写作内容包括五个主要要点：‎ ‎1. 对英语学习的认识；（一个要点）‎ ‎2. 自己目前的英语水平；（一个要点）‎ ‎3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题；（一个要点）‎ ‎4. 对英语教学的两点建议。（两个要点）‎ 文章应围绕这五个要点合理展开，可使用适当的词句使文章衔接自然、层次分明。考生需要 自己做合理的联想，可根据主题对要点进行适当发挥，内容要切合实际，符合逻辑。‎ One Possible Version:‎ Dear Ms Li,‎ ‎ I am very happy to have you as our English teacher.‎ ‎ As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.‎ ‎ My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. I really hope that you ‎ can give me good advice on how to memorize new words. Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practice speaking. I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.‎ ‎ Thank you! ‎ ‎ Li Hua