高考英语新课标 核对和答案详解

高考英语新课标 核对和答案详解

‎2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一卷 英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.‎ Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.‎ When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.‎ 21. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?‎ A. He got an older model than he had expected.‎ B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.‎ C. He could have bought it at a lower price.‎ D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.‎ ‎22. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?‎ A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies 23. How did the author finally get his TV set working again?‎ ‎ A. By shaking and hitting it.‎ B. By turning it on and off.‎ C. By switching channels.‎ D. By having it repaired.‎ ‎24. How does the author sound when telling the story?‎ ‎ A. Curious ‎ B. Anxious ‎ C. Cautious ‎ D. Humorous B ‎ Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.‎ ‎ Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , for people are often less self-conscious（难为情）when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food . If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.‎ ‎ Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.‎ Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories（卡路里） per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.‎ Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake（摄入） jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.‎ ‎25. The text is especially helpful for those who care about_______.‎ A. their home comforts B. their body shape C. house buying D. healthy diets ‎26. A home environment in blue can help people_________.‎ A. digest food better B. reduce food intake C. burn more calories D. regain their appetites ‎27. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?‎ A. Eat quickly.‎ B. Play fast music.‎ C. Use smaller spoons.‎ D. Turn down the lights.‎ ‎28. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Is Your House Making You Fat?‎ B. Ways‎ of Serving Dinner C. Effects of Self-Consciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?‎ C More student than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university. It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year. This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).‎ That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.‎ But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hadrship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡‎15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said.‎ ‎29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?‎ ‎ A. It is flexible in length.‎ ‎ B. It is a time for relaxation.‎ ‎ C. It is increasingly popular.‎ ‎ D. It is required by universities.‎ ‎30. According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year______.‎ ‎ A. are better prepared for college studies ‎ B. know a lot more about their future jobs ‎ C. are more likely to leave university in debt ‎ D. have a better chance to enter top universities ‎31. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?‎ ‎ A. He's puzzled.‎ ‎ B. He's worried.‎ ‎ C. He's surprised.‎ ‎ D. He's annoyed.‎ ‎32. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?‎ ‎ A. Attend additional courses.‎ ‎ B. Make plans for the new term.‎ ‎ C. Earn money for their education.‎ ‎ D. Prepare for their graduate studies.‎ D Choose Your One-Day ‎Tours Tour A-Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge-£37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter.‎ Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume‎ ‎Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.‎ Tour B-Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house一£32until 12 March and £36 thereafter.‎ Oxford‎: Includes a guided of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)”form St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.‎ Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton‎ Court ‎Palace--‎£34 until March and £37 thereafter.‎ Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Mill’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle（entrance fees not included）. With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!‎ Tour DCambridge including entrance fees to the Tower‎ of ‎Saint Mary the Great £33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.‎ ‎33. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city? A. Tour A  B. Tour B  C. Tour C  D. Tour D  ‎ ‎34. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? A. Windsor‎ ‎Castle & Hampton Court. B. Oxford & Stratford C. Bath &Stonehenge. D.Cambridge.‎ ‎35. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A. It used to be the home of royal families. B. It used to be a well-known maze C. It is the oldest palace in Britain D. It is a world-famous castle. ‎ 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.36_____, buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.37_____.As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.‎ During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.38____, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.39_____. After two weeks, start timing yourself.40______. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.‎ A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Where do you go when you want to learn something? A friend? A tutor? These are all___41_ places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want___42__ somewhere else instead. I had the____43__of seeing this first hand on a___44___.‎ ‎ Why daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so__45___a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some__46___experiences on Saturday as they played against teams__47___trained. Through the first two games, her__48___did not get on serious shot on goal. As parents, I__49___seeing my daughter playing her best, __50___ still defeated.‎ ‎ It seemed that something clicked with the__51__between Saturday and Sunday. When they __52__for their Sunday game, they were__53__different. They had begun to integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had__54__the day before into their__55__.They played aggressively and__56__ scored a goal.‎ ‎ It __57__ me that playing against the other team was a great__58__ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. __59__ is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be__60__what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.‎ ‎41. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special ‎42. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends ‎43. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance ‎44. A trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square ‎45. A.won B. entered C. organized D. watched ‎46. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical ‎47. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better ‎48. A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team ‎49. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed ‎50. A .if B. or C. but D. as ‎51. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers ‎52. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned ‎53. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely ‎54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read ‎55. A. styles B. training C. game D. rules ‎56. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again ‎57. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned ‎58. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning ‎59. A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest ‎60. A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to 第II卷 注意：将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房）61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62. ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63. ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without 64. ________（use）electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65. ________（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66. ________ (cool) the house during the hot day: 67. ________ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle 68. ________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As 69. ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70. ________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 四、改错 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：‎ ‎ 1.出发及返回时间；‎ ‎ 2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.结语已为你写好。‎ Dear Lucy,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Looking forward to your reply!‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua 参考答案 ‎ ‎ ‎ 第一部分. 听力（略） 第二部分. 阅读理解 一、阅读理解 ‎ ‎21. C ‎ 参考解析：根据第一段第四行“when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.” 当我看到报纸上75美元比我买的价格低的时候，我感觉我上当了。故正确答案选C。‎ ‎ 22. A ‎ 参考解析：根据后一句，幸运的是，我不用整晚上看电影了，否则我不能睡觉了，故正确答案选A。‎ ‎23. D ‎ 参考解析：根据文章最后一段，可知作者修电视机花费了62美元，故正确答案选D。‎ ‎ 24. D ‎ 参考解析：根据第一段中最后一句，和最后一段最后一句，可知作者语调幽默。故正确答案选D。 ‎ ‎25. B.  ‎ 参考解析：根据全文第一段内容：房子对身体特征有影响，房子的设计一定程度上决定了你是长肉还是减肉，所以这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎外形的人有帮助。 ‎ ‎26. B.  ‎ 参考解析：根据第三段第二句话in one study,......可知答案是reduce food intake. 减少食物的摄入。 ‎ ‎27. C.  ‎ 参考解析：根据全文倒数第二句可知答案。‎ ‎ 28. A ‎ 参考解析：可以更好地概括全文。‎ ‎29. C ‎ 参考解析：由短文第二段及第三段第一句话可知间隔年越来越受到欢迎，因此选C。 ‎ ‎30. A ‎ 参考解析：由人名定位到短文第三段。根据第三段最后一句话可知选A。 ‎ ‎31. B   ‎ 参考解析： 根据文章最后一段可知越来越多的学生会在gap year期间被迫去挣钱。所以他对此是担忧的。‎ ‎ 32. C ‎ 参考解析：根据文章最后一句话可知。 ‎ ‎33. B  ‎ 参考解析：根据原文Tour B中Oxford：Included a guided tour of England’s oldest university and colleges判断出答案为B。 ‎ ‎ 34. D ‎ 参考解析：根据每一部分的价格介绍：Tour A到‎3月17日为37英镑，Tour B为36英镑，Tour C为37英镑，Tour D为33英镑，故此选D。 ‎ ‎35. A ‎ 参考解析：根据Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen判断答案为A。   ‎ 二、短文7选5 36. C 37. E 38. A 39. D 40. G ‎ 第三部分. 英语知识运用 ‎ 一、完形填空 41.B 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.B ‎ 参考解析：public公众的；traditional传统的；official官方的；special特别的；根据语境可知，这里提到的应该是传统教育方式。 ‎ ‎46.A ‎ 参考解析：由语境可知，对手比作者女儿的队better trained，可以推断这将是一场痛苦的比赛。 ‎ ‎47.D 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.B 53.D ‎ 参考解析：slightly轻微地；hardly几乎不；basically基本地；completely完全地；根据后面文章可知，这些孩子们表现和之前完全不同，completely符合语境。‎ ‎54.A 55.C 56.A 57.B 参考解析：strike sb.意思是让某人突然想到，符合语境。 ‎ ‎58.D 59.A 60.C ‎ 二、语法填空 ‎ ‎61. built 参考解析：过去分词做定语 ‎ ‎62. the 参考解析：最高级前加the ‎ ‎63. ability 参考解析：their后接名词，able名词形式ability. ‎ ‎64. using 参考解析：介词后接动名词 ‎ ‎65. slowly 参考解析：副词修饰动词give out. ‎ ‎66. to cool 参考解析：形容词加enough后接不定式。 ‎ ‎67. at 参考解析：at the same time ‎ ‎68. goes 参考解析：根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。 ‎ ‎69. natural 参考解析：形容词做定语修饰名词。 ‎ ‎70. how 参考解析：根据句意，应用how连接宾语从句。 ‎ 第四部分. 写作 一、短文改错 ‎ ‎71. parent改为parents 72. on改为in 73. very去掉 74. looks改为looking 75. where改为that 76. begun改为began 77. telling改为told 78. a改为the 79. saw后加his 80. terrible改为terribly ‎ Dear Lucy, ‎ ‎     I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning. ‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎