2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero知能演练轻松闯关 1

2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero知能演练轻松闯关 1

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 阅读提速练 阅读理解 A From young kids to fitness lovers，to those looking for a laugh, or to families looking for a free movie night, Atlantic Station prepares some days for them to enjoy this year.‎ Tot Spot—Each Tuesday morning, Atlantic Station’s Central Park transforms into every child’s dream playground! From 10：00 a．m.to noon, kids can enjoy games, storytelling, toys, music and some very special things. This event begins on April 5 and lasts through September 27.‎ Wellness Wednesday—Each Wednesday from 6：30 p．m.to 7：30 p．m., Atlantic Station’s Central Park becomes the perfect place to find quietness of the mind and body while instructors lead guests through exercises including yoga and more. Wellness Wednesday welcomes all ages and skill levels. This event begins on April 6 and lasts through September 28.‎ Improv in the Park—Whole World Theatre, Atlanta’s premier improv group, has once again partnered with Atlantic Station to bring a familyfriendly night of comedy to the Central Park on the first Wednesday of each month until September. Bring a blanket, relax under the stars and prepare to laugh until your stomach hurts! The hourlong show begins at 8：00 p．m. This event occurs on April 5, May 4, June 1, July 6 and August 3.‎ Movies in the Central Park—Each Thursday night at dusk, guests are invited to bring chairs, blankets, togo snacks and picnics to Atlantic Station’s Central Park. All outdoor screenings are available, weather permitting, so keep your fingers crossed for no The Wizard of Oztype storms! Be sure to arrive early to find a good seat.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了大西洋站几个可以让人们放松自己、享受生活和获得乐趣的活动。‎ ‎1．Mothers can take their kids who like listening to stories to ________．‎ A．Tot Spot B．Improv in the Park C．Wellness Wednesday D．Movies in the Central Park A　解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“From 10：00 a．m.to noon, kids can enjoy games, storytelling, toys, music and some very special things.”可知，从上午10点到中午，在Tot Spot活动中孩子们可以做游戏、讲故事、玩玩具、听音乐等。结合选项可知，想听故事的孩子们可以去参加Tot Spot活动，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．When can you do yoga with an instructor in Atlantic Station’s Central Park?‎ A．On each Tuesday from 6：30 p．m.to 7：30 p．m.in August.‎ B．On each Tuesday morning from 10：00 a．m.to noon in July.‎ 10‎ C．At 8：00 p．m.on April 5, May 4, June 1, July 6 and August 3.‎ D．On each Wednesday at 7：00 p．m.in June and July.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Each Wednesday from 6：30 p．m.to 7：30 p．m...including yoga and more.”和“This event begins...September 28.”可知，4月6日到9月28日的每个星期三下午6：30到7：30，大西洋站中央公园成为人们寻求心灵宁静和身体放松的地方，有指导者带领客人做包括瑜伽和其他活动在内的练习。由此可知，D项符合题意。‎ ‎3．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Atlantic Station sets the days for guests to have fun.‎ B．Tickets for Movies in Central Park are hard to get.‎ C．Movies in the Central Park are shown only indoors.‎ D．Only teenagers are welcome to join in Wellness Wednesday.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段可知，Atlantic Station为客人安排时间和活动来让他们玩得开心，故A项符合题意。‎ B ‎(2018·台州中学高三模拟)Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.‎ ‎“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，”said McComb，a professor at the University of Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”‎ The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.‎ It’s close to but not quite like the Dr.Seuss book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others can’t hear.‎ McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.‎ As a result，the elephants reacted more defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co－author Graeme Shannon.‎ They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear elephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the women’s voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，”said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the study.‎ ‎【解题导语】　研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。‎ ‎4．Who were the people taking part in the study?‎ 10‎ A．Frans de Waal and Karen McComb.‎ B．Dr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.‎ C．Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.‎ D．Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的“study co－author Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb和Graeme Shannon都参加了研究，故选D项。‎ ‎5．Which can replace the underlined word “substituted”in the last paragraph?‎ A．Distinguished.　　　　　 B．Repeated.‎ C．Used. D．Compared.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选C项。‎ ‎6．What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ A．Wild elephants can distinguish human languages.‎ B．The conflict between humans and wild elephants is growing.‎ C．Wild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.‎ D．Wild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.‎ A　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。‎ C Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue.‎ Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.‎ At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.‎ After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing，and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision. It was not until 1920 that the U．S. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.‎ Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。‎ 10‎ ‎7．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?‎ A．They had low social status.‎ B．They could vote after getting married.‎ C．They managed money for their husbands.‎ D．They were responsible for decisionmaking.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。‎ ‎8．What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Susan’s teaching experiences.‎ B．Susan’s educational background.‎ C．Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery.‎ D．Susan’s fighting for women’s causes.‎ D　解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。‎ ‎9．What does the word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?‎ A．Promoting the social movement.‎ B．Changing the U．S. Constitution.‎ C．Giving women voting rights.‎ D．Uniting other areas and states.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。‎ ‎10．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins B．The Problem of Women’s Rights in the U．S.‎ C．The Most Popular Women Organizations D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women’s Rights D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。‎ 七选五 ‎(2018·温州模拟)Temper tantrums(发怒)range from crying to screaming，kicking，hitting，and breath holding.They’re equally common in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.‎ ‎1．________，and others have them rarely.Tantrums are a normal part of child development.They are the way young children show they’re upset or frustrated(沮丧的)．Tantrums may happen when kids are tired，hungry，or uncomfortable；or because they can’t get something (for example，an object or a parent) to do what they want. 2.________.　‎ 10‎ Tantrums are common during the second year of life，a time when language skills are starting to develop.Because young children at this age can’t yet say what they want，feel，or need，a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum. 3.________．‎ ‎4．________—more than they may be able to handle.This can lead to power struggles as a child thinks “I can do it myself” or “I want it，give it to me”．When kids discover that they can’t do it and can’t have everything they want，they may have a tantrum.‎ So try to prevent tantrums from happening in the first place，whenever possible.Give plenty of positive attention.Get in the habit of catching your child being good.Reward your little one with praise and attention for positive behaviors.Most importantly，keep your cool when responding to a tantrum.Don’t complicate the problem with your own frustration or anger. 5.________．So you need to be calm，too.‎ A．Some kids may smile all the day B．Some kids may have tantrums often C．You may wonder how long a tantrum will last D．As language skills improve，tantrums tend to decrease E．Kids want independence and control over their environment F．Learning to deal with frustration is a skill that children gain over time G．Remind yourself that your job is helping your child learn to calm down ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇科普类说明文。文章介绍了1岁到3岁的孩子容易发怒的原因及这种情绪得到缓解的原因，告诫家长应当遇事冷静，并帮助孩子们养成冷静的习惯。‎ ‎1．B　解析：根据上文“They’re equally common in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.”可知，1岁到3岁的孩子发怒很正常；结合该句中的“and others have them rarely”可知，一些孩子可能会经常发怒，但是另一些孩子很少发怒。故B项正确。‎ ‎2．F　解析：空格处在该段结尾，其作用是总结该段内容并引起下段内容；通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述孩子发怒是表现他们不开心或沮丧的方式，下段内容是说随着年龄的增长，孩子们的语言技能得到提升，他们也就不那么容易发怒了。F项“久而久之，孩子们就拥有处理这种沮丧的技能了”承上启下。故F项正确。‎ ‎3．D　解析：根据空格上一句可知，处在这个年龄阶段的孩子由于无法用言语表达他们的需要，所以会发怒。D项“随着语言技能的提高，发怒的行为将会减少”承接上文，符合语境。故D项正确。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据该段第二句可知，孩子们总是在想“我能自己完成”或者“我想要，给我吧”；据此可以判断，E项“孩子们总是想要独立并控制他们的环境”与该段内容相符。故E项正确。‎ ‎5．G　解析：根据空格后一句可知，该处建议遇到问题首先自己要冷静。G项“你要想着你的工作就是帮你的孩子学会冷静”与此构成因果关系，衔接紧密。故G项正确。‎ 语言运用与写作规范练 完形填空 I worried about my personal image and how I could be remembered during my boyhood.In the fifth grade，there seemed to be only one__1__—to be cool.In the sixth grade，suddenly，there were two choices：be cool，or be invisible.__2__，one day，when a teacher had us fill out a questionnaire with__3__questions，I found 10‎ ‎ the__4__option.‎ Assuming(假定) the teacher would read our answers privately，I felt it was__5__to share my privacy.To my__6__，she collected and redistributed(重新分发) them to us.We were asked to__7__the name and our three favorite answers to the whole class.My answers went to the meanest boy in class.‎ The first question was “What’s your favorite movie？” My answer was Beauty and the Beast.A laugh erupted and my cheeks__8__．The next was “Where would you like to travel？”My answer was__9__special—“Wherever a book takes me.”The__10__this time had an explosive quality.‎ I could__11__remember what happened next；all that I had in mind was the laughter.But something amazing happened.A(n)__12__came，“Guys，cut it out.”The room went__13__．It’s Michelle Siever，a popular and cool girl.Then she__14__，“Why are you laughing？What is the point of__15__if we just laugh at others？”‎ I can’t remember the teacher or other kids’ names，but I remember Michelle’s When she__16__for me that day，she__17__me we actually have three choices if we want to be remembered.‎ Be cool，and you might be remembered__18__．Stay invisible，and you won’t be remembered at all.But if you stand up__19__someone when he or she__20__you most，then you will be remembered as their hero for the rest of their life.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。在老师组织的全班问卷调查活动中，“我”的回答引起全班同学哄堂大笑，这时一个女生站起来帮助“我”走出困境。同时，“我”明白了一个道理：在别人需要你的时候站出来会被别人永远记住。‎ ‎1．A.tool　　　　　　　　 B．choice C．chance D．purpose B　解析：根据空后一句中的“In the sixth grade，suddenly，there were two choices”可知，此处表示，在五年级，似乎只有一个选择(choice)来让别人记住自己——装酷。‎ ‎2．A.However B．In addition C．Therefore D．In fact A　解析：根据下文内容可知，老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事使“我”改变了原先的看法，故前后为转折关系。所以选A。‎ ‎3．A.personal B．funny C．various D．strange A　解析：根据下文中的“share my privacy”可推知，此处表示老师要求回答的是我们的私人(personal)问题。所以选A。‎ ‎4．A.wrong B．former C．third D．latter C　解析：根据上文内容可知，到六年级，“我”突然认为被别人记住有两个选择，但是通过老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事，“我”发现了第三种选择。所以选C。‎ ‎5．A.terrible B．safe C．nervous D．interesting B　解析：根据上文内容可知，假如老师私下阅读我们的回答，“我”就感觉分享的隐私是安全的(safe)。所以选B。‎ ‎6．A.surprise B．anxiety 10‎ C．delight D．expectation A　解析：根据下文可知，老师没有私下阅读我们的回答而是重新分发，让同学之间互读(read)，这种做法让“我”感到吃惊(surprise)。所以选A。‎ ‎7．A.repeat B．remember C．compare D．read D ‎8．A.ached B．paled C．changed D．burned D　解析：根据空前的“A laugh erupted”及常识可知，“我”对第一个问题的回答引起了同学们的大笑，由此可知，“我”当时面颊发烫(burned)。选项D符合语境。‎ ‎9．A.even B．still C．never D．always B　解析：根据下文中的“this time had an explosive quality”可知，“我”对第二个问题的回答仍然(still)是特别的，因此这一次笑声(laughter)更加强烈。still“仍然，还是”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.laughter B．question C．air D．class A ‎11．A.nearly B．exactly C．hardly D．surely C　解析：根据空后的“all that I had in mind was the laughter”可知，此处指“我”几乎不能(hardly)记得后面发生了什么，所以选C。‎ ‎12．A.request B．message C．order D．voice D　解析：根据下文中的“Guys，cut it out.”可知，Michelle Siever的声音(voice)传来，所以选D。‎ ‎13．A.crazy B．silent C．angry D．empty B　解析：根据上下文可知，这个声音使整个房间安静(silent)了下来。‎ ‎14．A.announced B．smiled C．added D．stopped C　解析：根据空后的两个问句可知，Michelle Siever继续在说，即补充道(added)。‎ ‎15．A.talking B．chatting C．arguing D．sharing D　解析：根据全文的内容，尤其是老师要求我们填调查问卷然后交换并在全班朗读这一活动过程可知，这是同学们之间的一次交流分享(share)活动。所以选D。‎ ‎16．A.talked about B．calmed down C．left behind D．spoke up D　解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”对两个问题的回答引起全班的大笑，这时Michelle Siever的话使全班安静下来，据此可推断她在替“我”辩护。所以选D。speak up(for sb./sth.)“(尤指为……)说好话，辩护”。‎ ‎17．A.reminded B．promised C．showed D．persuaded C　解析：她替“我”辩护这件事向“我”展示(showed)了如果想要被人们记住，‎ 10‎ 我们有三种选择。所以选C。‎ ‎18．A.for a while B．finally C．again and again D．hopefully A　解析：通过这件事，“我”知道装酷只能被别人记住一时(for a while)。所以选A。‎ ‎19．A.before B．with C．for D．by C　解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”之所以能够摆脱困境是因为Michelle Siever为“我”辩护。所以“我”总结出想要被别人记住的第三种选择是：当人们需要(needs)你时，你站出来为(for)他们说话，这样你就会被他们当作英雄一样被铭记一生。所以选C。‎ ‎20．A.misses B．needs C．values D．loves B 语法填空 ‎(2018·杭州模拟)All the parts of the human body work together，although each one has its special part to do.The stomach must have a time 1.____________(rest) between meals.The other parts of the body require rest，too. They 2.____________(usual) get this while we are asleep.We must not fail to give them enough rest，or they will soon get 3.____________(wear) out and give us trouble.‎ Sometimes when people are not well 4.____________tired out，they find they cannot sleep well 5.____________night.A number of little things can contribute to a good sleep.A hot foot bath, 6.____________draws the blood away from the brain，frequently will be found 7.____________(benefit)．A glass of hot milk or cocoa, 8.____________(take) just before going to bed，often will have the same effect.If the sleeplessness is a result of indigestion(消化不良)，a plain diet will relieve.Sleeping upon a hard bed without any pillow sometimes 9.____________(produce) the desired effect.‎ Always have plenty of fresh air in the room.Keep the mind free from the cares of the day.Never take any 10.____________(sleep) tablets except upon the advice of a physician，for they usually contain drugs that will injure the heart.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇科普类说明文。人体的各个器官都需要良好的休息。本文详细介绍了几条提高睡眠质量的方法。‎ ‎1．to rest　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：胃必须用两餐之间的间隔时间来休息。have a time to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“有时间去做某事”。故填to rest。‎ ‎2．usually　解析：考查副词。空格处修饰动词get，故用形容词usual的副词形式usually。‎ ‎3．worn　解析：考查过去分词。该句主语they指代第一段第三句中的“The other parts of the body”，和动词短语wear out之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，wear应用过去分词形式。故填worn。‎ ‎4．or　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，该句中的not well和空格后的tired out为选择关系，表示“或者”。故填or。‎ ‎5．at　解析：考查介词。表示“在晚上”用固定短语at night。故填at。‎ ‎6．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“A hot foot bath”，并在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该定语从句。故填which。‎ 10‎ ‎7．beneficial　解析：考查形容词。该句中的found为感官动词，在该处用作系动词，后应接形容词作表语，意为“有利的，有益的”。故填beneficial。‎ ‎8．taken　解析：考查非谓语动词。该句中的主语“A glass of hot milk or cocoa”和动词take之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填taken。‎ ‎9．produces/will produce　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：在硬床上不垫任何枕头睡觉有时会达到你想要的效果。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是客观道理或预料将要发生的情况，故用一般现在时或一般将来时。故填produces/will produce。‎ ‎10．sleeping　解析：考查名词。sleeping tablet意为“安眠药片”，相当于sleeping pill，为固定用法。故填sleeping。‎ 应用文写作 ‎(2018·浙江名校联考)假设你是新华中学的学生李华，在校报英语专栏中看到了为学校“英语文化节”招募志愿者的一则启事，你很感兴趣，决定写一封应征信。‎ ‎1．表达写信意图；‎ ‎2．陈述当志愿者的目的；‎ ‎3．陈述自己的条件(性格、英语能力等)。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Sir/Madam, ‎ I’m Li Hua, a student from Xinhua High School._______________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ I’m looking forward to your early reply if possible.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear__Sir/Madam,____‎ I’m__Li__Hua,__a__student__from__Xinhua__High__School. I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer. I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I’ll be able to improve communication skills and my confidence in speaking English in public. ‎ As an outstanding boy, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I work as an assistant to my English teacher. ‎ I’m sure I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I would be grateful if you could give kind consideration. ‎ I’m__looking__forward__to__your__early__reply__if__possible.‎ Best__wishes.‎ Yours__truly，‎ Li__Hua ‎ 概要写作 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ Many couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma, that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does ‎ 10‎ not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand.‎ One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That’s why many singlechild parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child, because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations.‎ Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple had only one child, the child could not learn to share things with others and are less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters.‎ However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased selfrespect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident.‎ Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is proper for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse(配偶) feel confident about.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Nowadays, whether to have a second child is a dilemma for many couples.Some parents who support the idea believe with no one to play with, one child feels lonely and more spoiled and can’t get along well with other children.However, other parents choose not to do so for the advantages for both the child and the parents.Actually, there is no simple answer to the question and the important thing is the couple’s own confidence about the decision.‎ 10‎