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六年级英语下册Unit 3单元知识梳理(1)
六年级下册单元知识点 第三单元 四会单词:watch—watched 看 wash—washed 洗 clean—cleaned打扫 play—played玩 visit—visited 看望 do—did last weekend上一个周末 go—went去 go to a park—went to a park 去公园 go swimming—went swimming去游泳 go fishing—went fishing去钓鱼 read—read 读 go hiking—went hiking 去郊游 四会句型:What did you do last weekend? 你上个周末干什么了? I played football. 我踢足球了。 Did you read books? 你读书了吗? Yes, I did.是的,我读了。 No, I didn’t. 不,我没有。 应该掌握的知识点: 1、关于一般过去时 一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。 如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。 7 When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。 I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园) 在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。 (1)Be 动词的一般过去时态 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were. 构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语 如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。) 否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语 如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语 如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?) 肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。) 否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。) 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语 如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? (2)实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句为:主语+动词过去式+宾语 如: I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九点钟回的家。) 7 否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语 如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。) 疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+宾语 如: Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗?) 肯定回答: Yes, I did. (是的,我回了。) 否定回答:No, I didn't. (不,我没回家。) (3)助动词和情态动词过去式如下: shall― should(将要)用于第一人称单数 will― would(将要)用于所有人称 can ?could(能,会) may― might(可以) must― must (必须) have to― had to(不得不) 助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词还使用原形。 如: I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) (4)一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。 1) 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如:play― played work― worked 2) 以e结尾的动词只加d. 如:like--- liked love― loved 3) 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词,变Y为I,再加ed. 如:study― studied carry― carried 4) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写最后这个辅音字母,再加ed. 如:stop― stopped 7 (5)--ed的读音规则如下: 1) 在清辅音后面读[t]. 2) 在浊辅音或元音后读[d]. 3) 在[t] 和[d] 后读[id]. (6)不以ed 结尾的过去式,称为不规则动词。 一般过去时态的“三变”技巧 一变:肯定句变为否定句 【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如: I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket. 【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如: I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me. 【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如: The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs. 二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句 【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was,were, 7 could,would,should等移到句首。例如: He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself? 【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如: Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old? 三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句 【技巧1】确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如: They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert? 【技巧2】辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如: The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen? 2、关于名词所有格:(仅限于小学阶段 's所有格的用法) (1)表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加's。例如: Jim's bed 吉米的床 the man's wife 那个男人的妻子 children's toys 孩子们的玩具 the fox's tail 狐狸的尾巴 (2)以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'s"。例如: the students' books 学生们的书 7 Teachers' Day 教师节 my boss' office 我老板的办公室 a girls' dormitory 女生宿舍 (3)表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时,只需要后一个名词加's(或')即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个名词词尾都加上's(或')。例如: Joan and Jane's room(房间属二人共同所有) Joan's and Jane's room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间) (4)'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如: I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。 He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服装店去了。 She went to Mr. Black's (house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如: Whose pen is this? It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。 The bike is not mine, but Wang Pinpin's.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。 3、them与their: them表示“他们” 是人称代词宾格,放在及物动词和介词后面做宾语。如I want to help them. 我想帮助他们。 7 their“他们的”是形容词性物主代词,放在名词前面。These are their books.这是他们的书。 7查看更多