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人教版四年级数学下册第1单元四则运算加、减法的意义和各部分间的关系教学课件
加、减法的意义和各部分间的关系四则运算人教版四年级数学下册 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com已知西宁到格尔木的路程和格尔木到拉萨的路程,要求西宁到拉萨的路程。一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?问题:1.读题,你知道了什么?新课导入一1 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题:2.用线段图表示题目中的数量关系。新课导入一一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?1 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com理解题意问题:1.说一说你是怎样画线段图的。探索新知二一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米? www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题:2.“西宁到拉萨的铁路长”在图上怎样表示?探索新知二理解题意一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米? www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题:3.求西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米,用什么方法?你是怎么想的?探索新知二理解题意一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米? www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com把两个数合并成一个数的运算,叫做加法。相加的两个数叫做加数。814+1142=1956加得的数叫做和。加数+加数=和探索新知二一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米? www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义问题:①读题,你知道了什么?西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km,其中西宁到格尔木长814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?(已知西宁到拉萨的路程和西宁到格尔木的路程,要求格尔木到拉萨的路程。)探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km814km?km ②求格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米,用什么方法?你是怎么想的?www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义1956-814=1142探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km,其中西宁到格尔木长814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km814km?km 问题:求西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米,用什么方法?你是怎么想的?www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义1956-1142=814探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km,其中格尔木到拉萨长1142km。西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米?西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km1142km?km www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com(1)一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km,格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?814+1142=1956探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com(2)西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km,其中西宁到格尔木814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米?1956-814=1142探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题:与第(1)题相比,第(2)、(3)题分别是已知什么?求什么?怎样算?(3)西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km,其中格尔木到拉萨长1142km。西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米?1956-1142=814探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题:用你自己的话说一说,你认为什么是减法?已知两个数的和与其中的一个加数,求另一个加数的运算,叫做减法。在减法中,已知的和叫做被减数。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com1.加法各部分间的关系和=加数+加数问题:如果知道和与一个加数,能求出另一个加数吗?加数=和-另一个加数加、减法各部分间的关系探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com2.减法各部分间的关系差=被减数-减数问题:如果知道被减数和差,能求出减数吗?减数=被减数-差问题:如果知道减数和差,能求出被减数吗?被减数=减数+差探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com3.加法与减法间的关系问题:你认为加法与减法间有什么关系?减法是加法的逆运算。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com3043-2468=3043-575=问题:说一说你是根据什么得出结果的。24681.根据2468+575=3043,直接写出下面两道题的得数。575巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com201+=300+193=258860-=237-587=1212.说说下面算式中方框里的数怎么求,依据是什么?并计算出结果。9965623708巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com和=加数+加数加数=和-另一个加数差=被减数-减数减数=被减数-差被减数=减数+差课堂小结四 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com加法减法课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com加法减法课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com203+147=350850-239=6112.根据加、减法各部分间的关系,写出另外两个等式。350-147=203350-203=147239+611=850850-611=239课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com56+120=176792-483=309课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com500200328651154357511273课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com340+190=254+297=586-98=712-455=530488257551课后练习五查看更多