话题03+人际关系-备战2018年高考英语书面表达常考素材速用

话题03+人际关系-备战2018年高考英语书面表达常考素材速用

人际关系指人与人之间的交往与友谊，与家人、朋友、邻居、亲戚或他人之间的情感交流或沟通，如师生关系、父子关系、同学之间的友情等；对他人的感谢、感恩、宽容、道歉、赞扬、微笑等，请求他人同意和帮助、解决问题、处理矛盾冲突、和解，等等。 ‎ 针对个人感情话题，高考命题人可能会要求考生叙述发生在身边的一件事，并表达自己的情感；描述考生在学校所参加的一次活动，并谈谈自己的体会。人际关系方面，高考命题人可能会选择上述“课标解读”中的某一个话题，如宽容、赞扬等，要求考生通过自己或他人的一次经历来发表看法。‎ 以下几个具体话题值得关注： ‎ ‎(1)有的同学抱怨父母的期望高、作业多、压力太大，或对生活中的其他方面感到不满，请写一篇短文，准备在“我们应该抱怨生活吗”的主题班会上发表你的看法。‎ ‎(2)假如你是李华，一年前你随父母迁移到某地并进入一所当地高中就读，由于不懂当地的话，学习、生活很不顺心，请你向某中学英文报写一封求助信。 ‎ ‎(3)写一篇短文，参加“增进父母与孩子之间的理解，构建和谐家庭”的演讲比赛。 ‎ ‎(4)就“如何构建和谐班集体”谈谈你的看法。 ‎ ‎(5)描写你和你的同学是怎样建立起友好关系的。‎ 一.话题常用单词 ‎1. acquaintance熟人 ‎2.admiration敬佩 ‎3. candidate候选人 ‎4. communicate交流 ‎5. face to face面对面 ‎6. contact联系 ‎7. relationship关系 ‎8. interact互动 ‎9.privacy隐私 ‎10.mutual相互的 二.话题常用短语 ‎1. learn from each other 互相学习 ‎ ‎2. promote the friendship 增进友谊 ‎ ‎3. improve the relationship改善关系 ‎ ‎4. show love and concern for sb. 爱护和关心某人 ‎ ‎5. with the booming of the economy随着经济的繁荣 ‎6. with the remarkable improvement of people's living standard随着人民生活水平的显著提高 ‎ ‎7. advanced science and technology 先进的科学技术 ‎8. add much spice / flavor to our daily life为我们的日常生活增添了情趣 ‎9. It is commonly believed that …人们普遍认为 ‎ ‎10. I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.我同意前者(后者)的观点 ‎ ‎11. exchange ideas/emotions/information交流思想/情感/信息 ‎12. Undoubtedly/There is no doubt that毫无疑问 ‎ ‎13. relieve stress/burden解压减负 ‎14. financial burden经济负担 ‎15. widen one's horizen/broaden one's vision开阔眼界 ‎16. It is undeniable that./There is no denying that. 不可否认 ‎17. take effective measures to do sth./something effective must be done to. 采取措施 ‎18. make full use of/take advantage of充分利用 ‎19. do good to/be beneficial to大有裨益 ‎20. lead to/give rise to/contribute to导致、引起 ‎21. do harm to/be harmful to对…..有害 ‎22. make contributions to society奉献社会 三、参考语句 话题常用句型 ‎1. Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. ‎ 善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。 ‎ ‎2. A good relationship between teachers and students is of great importance for our studies.‎ 良好的师生关系对我们的学习很重要。 ‎ ‎3. To build a good relationship, we should trust in each other. 要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。 ‎ ‎4. Only in this way can we enjoy an equal relationship. 只有这样我们才能享有平等的关系。 ‎ ‎5. They find it easy to communicate with their teachers. ‎ 他们发觉很容易和老师沟通。 ‎ ‎6. With their help, I tried my best to study hard and succeeded in entering a key university. ‎ 在他们的帮助下，我努力学习，成功地被一所重点大学录取。 ‎ ‎7. We should value this harmonious relationship between teachers and students. ‎ 我们应该珍惜师生之间这种和谐的关系。‎ ‎8. With the encouragement and support of my father, I have overcome many difficulties in our life. ‎ 在父亲的鼓励和支持下，我克服了生活中的许多困难。‎ ‎9. There’ll be a football game in our school this week.本周我们学校有一场足球比赛。‎ ‎10. Think twice before you do. 三思而后行。 ‎ ‎11. Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人。‎ ‎12. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。‎ ‎13. Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. 当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。‎ ‎14. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。‎ ‎15. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。‎ ‎16. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.‎ 人们普遍认为现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。‎ ‎17. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。‎ ‎【典例01】‎ ‎（2016新课标I卷）假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（ resume ）。给外教MS Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式 （format）。 ‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1. 词数 100 左右; ‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。 ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 和词汇以提高作文档次。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear Ms Jenkins, ‎ I'm Li Hua from your English writing class last term. I'm writing to ask for your help. I'm applying for a part-time job at a foreign company in my city during the summer vacation, and I have just completed my application letter and resume. However, I am not quite sure of the language and the format I've used. I know you have a very busy schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could take some time to go through them and make necessary changes. Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment. Thank you for your kindness! Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎【典例02】‎ ‎（2016新课标II卷）假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部 （photography club） 将举办国际中学摄影展。‎ ‎ 请给你的英国朋友 Peter 写封信。请他提供作品。信的内容包括： ‎ ‎1．主题：环境保护； ‎ ‎2．展览时间； ‎ ‎3．投稿邮箱：intlphotoshowgmschool.com. ‎ 注意： 1．词数 100 左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 作文档次。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear Peter, ‎ Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection. It will start from June 15th and last three weeks. Any students who is interested in welcome to participate. I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection. I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. This is surely a good chance for more people to see them. If you want to join, you can send your photos to intlphotoshowgm.school.com. Hope to hear from you soon. ‎ Yours ‎ Lihua ‎ ‎【典例03】‎ ‎（2016新课标Ⅲ卷） 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： ‎ ‎1.表示歉意；‎ ‎2.说明原因；‎ ‎3.另约时间。‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1.词数 100 左右； ‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 文档次。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear Bob, ‎ I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble. Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week. ‎ Looking forward to your early reply. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua  ‎ ‎【典例04】‎ ‎（2016天津卷）假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。‎ ‎1．回顾双方的交流活动（如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面）； ‎ ‎2．谈谈收获或感想； ‎ ‎3．表达祝愿与期望。 ‎ 注意： 1．词数不少于 100； ‎ ‎2．可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； ‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 ‎ Dear friends, ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Thank you. ‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear friends, ‎ How time flies! It’s getting close to the end of the communication activities which proved to be great and enjoyable. It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program, which has benefited all of us. During the past two weeks, we have studied in the same classroom and lived in the same dormitory, which has enabled us to know each other better. Doing the same sports on the playground give us the opportunity to promote our friendship. What impress us most is your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent. We believe that the students in our school have learned a lot from the exchange program.‎ ‎ At last, on behalf of all the students in our school, I wish you have a safe and happy journey home and that there will be more programs like this in the future. ‎ Thank you. ‎ ‎（1）‎ 假定你是李华，亚洲冬季运动会将在你居住的地方举办，现在正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员。‎ 请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容应包括： ‎ ‎1. 个人情况：年龄、性别、学历；‎ ‎2. 个人条件：英语好、爱好体育、善于交往、乐于助人、熟悉本地情况；‎ ‎3. 承诺：提供最佳服务。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 开头语已为你写好;可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 生词：申请 apply（v.）,application (n.);志愿者 volunteer Dear Sir /Madam,‎ My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ Dear Sir /Madam,‎ My name is Li Hua .I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games.‎ I am a girl of 18.As a college student, I have a keen interest in sports and I have always been looking forward to the games to be held here.‎ With the great fluency in English and the passion for sports, I suppose I am qualified to be a volunteer for the Games. Besides, I have a good communicative competence and I am considered to be an outgoing, reliable and helpful person at college. What’s more,, I am familiar with the local conditions. I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the games.zx&xk Now I formally apply for the job and I sincerely hope I can be accepted.‎ Yours faithfully,‎ Li Hua ‎【写作指导】‎ 写作过程中注意使用起承转合的连词和高级词汇，这样作文就能得到比较高的分数。‎ ‎【素材积累】‎ 此文语言流畅，言简意赅，要点齐全。关联词语运用得恰到好处，使整个语篇衔接紧密,逻辑清楚。而短文中较多高级词语和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分档次。‎ 关联词语： besides, what’s more等。‎ 亮点词汇：fluency, qualified, volunteer, reliable, be familiar with, communicative competence等。‎ 高级句式：whoever引导的宾语从句(I promise I will offer the best service to whoever participates in the games.)等。‎ ‎（2）‎ 假如你是某英文杂志负责“与读者对话”栏目的编辑。请根据下面这封读者来信写一封回信，帮助解决读者来信中提出的问题。‎ 注意：1. 词数120左右；‎ ‎2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数；‎ ‎ 3. 可根据要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ Dear Editor,‎ I am going to take the college entrance examination soon. I have to work harder and harder to prepare for it so that I could enter a good college. However, it’s hard for me to understand what my teachers say in class. Though I tell myself again and again I should hold on, I have little confidence in myself. What should I do now?‎ Best wishes,‎ ‎ Li Hua Dear Li Hua,‎ Thank you for your letter. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes.‎ ‎ Editor ‎【范文】‎ Dear Li Hua,‎ Thank you for your letter. As for the entrance exams, you have come too far and worked too hard to quit now. There are only a few months left until the exams so you can make a final push to get the best result you can. I have some tips for you and I hope they are helpful.‎ The first thing you should do is to make a good study plan. If you follow the plan and concentrate on what you’re doing, it helps you study effectively. ‎ Besides, don’t forget to include at least three hours of exercise each week to keep your mind sharp.‎ What’s more, make the most out of class. Preview lessons before the class and it helps you follow the teachers in class and have a good knowledge of what is important but difficult. Do review what is done wrong and learn lessons from mistakes.‎ Above all, building up confidence is essential to success. Only when you believe in yourself, can you keep up your spirits and be successful.‎ Now, take some time to be with your family and enjoy yourself for Spring Festival, then get to work.‎ Best wishes,‎ ‎ Editor ‎【写作指导】‎ 用上也要注意，使用相对高级的词汇提升文章的档次。‎ ‎【亮点说明】所给范文语言简洁，运用了一些词组：make the most out of充分利用， have a good ‎ knowledge of 很好了解，Above all最重要的是, building up增强，范文中的句式多变，运用不同的语法知识：The first thing you should do is to make a good study plan. 这句话用了定语从句和不定式，If you follow the plan and concentrate on what you’re doing, it helps you study effectively. 这句话用了宾语从句， Do review what is done wrong and learn lessons from mistakes.这句话用个强调句， Only when you believe in yourself, can you keep up your spirits and be successful. 这句话用了倒装句，还有文章还使用了Besides, What’s more,这样的关联词，使文章更加通顺。‎ ‎ （3）‎ 假如你是新华中学的学生李华，上周在外教Mr. Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现,手机被收走。请用英语给Mr. Jackson写一封道歉信，内容应包括以下要点:‎ ‎1.表示歉意；‎ ‎2.解释上课使用手机的原因;3.提出自己的请求并适当表态。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数:120左右；‎ ‎2. 信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。‎ ‎3. 可适当添加细节以使文章连贯。‎ Dear Mr. Jackson,‎ I am really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your class last week.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【范文】‎ was doing when you caught me.‎ Anyway, using a mobile phone in class was not acceptable to any teacher. I swear it will not happen again. But I do need my phone back to keep in touch with others.‎ Will you be so kind as to give it back to me? Thanks a million!‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【写作指导】‎ 本文对考生的要求较高，要求考生首先读懂原文，再根据文字提示写作。原文是一位高三的学生学习上遇见困难在寻求帮助。回信的要点都隐含在信中，再读懂文章的基础上，要考生自己归纳出来，再一一进行解决，考生需要使用合适的连接词把这些要点连接成文，如to begin with首先；besides而且；what’s more等。也要注意运用适当的高级句型如定语从句，强调句等让文章不显得那么平淡，而有文采。在词汇的运用上也要注意，使用相对高级的词汇提升文章的档次。‎ ‎【亮点说明】所给范文语言简洁，运用了一些词组：accept my heart-felt apology， for no reason，Above all最重要的是, further information，范文中的句式多变，运用不同的语法知识：I got no choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you caught me.这句话用了表语从句和时间状语从句，I swear it will not happen again.这句话使用了宾语从句。还有文章还使用了therefore, anyway这样的关联词，使文章更加通顺。‎ ‎（4）‎ 假定你是李华，刚刚以优异成绩从美国某大学毕业。你的美国朋友Tony邀请你去他的公司工作，但是你想回国工作。请给Tony写一封邮件婉拒他的邀请。 ‎ 内容要点包括： 1.报效祖国； 2.照顾父母； ‎ ‎3.发展空间大。 注意： 1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tony Thanks for offering me a job in your company, but I have decided to go back to work in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours truly,‎ Li Hua ‎【范文】‎ Dear Tony,‎ Thanks for offering me a job in your company, but I have decided to go back to work in China. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, I’m a Chinese and I love my country. I feel it my duty to devote all I have learned in America to my motherland to make it stronger. Secondly, my parents are aging, so, as their only son, I need to be with them and take good care of them. Besides, China is developing very fast, which offers more opportunities for me to build my career. Lastly, most of my friends and classmates work in China, that is, it is easier for me to live and work in a familiar environment. I would appreciate it if you can understand my choice. Wish you a splendid future.‎ Yours truly,‎ Li Hua ‎【写作指导】‎ 级词汇，这样作文就能得到比较高的分数。‎ ‎【素材积累】‎ 此文语言流畅，言简意赅，要点齐全。关联词语运用得恰到好处，使整个语篇衔接紧密,逻辑清楚。而短文中较多高级词语和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分档次。‎ 关联词语：Firstly, Secondly, besides, lastly等。‎ 亮点词汇：as follows, devote, take good care of, offers more opportunities, familiar environment等。‎ 高级句式：it作形式主语（I feel it my duty to devote all I have learned in America to my motherland to make it stronger. ）； which引导的定语从句(China is developing very fast, which offers more opportunities for me to build my career.)等。‎ ‎（5）‎ 假定你是李华，你的外教Mr. Pick回国前向你推荐了American School Life网站，希望你借此提高英语水平。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，告诉他你的收获，要点如下： 1.表达思念； 2.上网收获； 3.表示感激。 注意：1. 词数100词左右； 2.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Pick, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours, Li Hua ‎【范文】‎ Dear Mr. Pick,‎ It's a fairly long time since you left our school. I miss you very much. Is everything going well?‎ The website you’ve recommended to me is very beneficial to my English study. It has abundant reading materials that I need most, greatly broadening my horizon. Now I have become more interested in English. Besides, I’ve made many new friends and we communicate a lot about school life, cultures, science, and so on. Now I can express myself much better than ever.‎ Thanks to your kindness and consideration, I’ve made rapid progress in English study. I owe all my achievements to you. I’m looking forward to more advice from you!‎ Yours, Li Hua ‎【写作指导】‎ ‎【素材积累】‎ 此文语言流畅，言简意赅，要点齐全。关联词语运用得恰到好处，使整个语篇衔接紧密,逻辑清楚。而短文中较多高级词语和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分档次。‎ 关联词：besides 亮点词汇：recommend to sb；be beneficial to，make rapid progress等。‎ 高级句式： 定语从句(The website you’ve recommended to me is very beneficial to my English study.)等。‎