【英语】东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）2020届高三第二次联考试题（解析版）

【英语】东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）2020届高三第二次联考试题（解析版）

东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）2020届高三第二次联考英语试题 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）‎ A Moringa Farm Internship Program DATE： 5 May〜30 November 2019‎ LOCATION: Jaipur India EVENT TYPE： Twining EVENT INDUSTRY/TOPIC: Clean Energy, Climate & Environment, Food & Agriculture and Quality/Process Managem Moringa (辣木), a kind of miracle tree, has come a long way today to become a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency (营养不足) across the globe. It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition content literally from top to bottom.‎ Supporting learning：‎ The Moringa Farm Internship Program is sort of like a live, interactive slideshow of agriculture making of Moringa from “Soil to Super food” that touches all the participant’s senses.‎ The Program’s Objectives：‎ The Moringa Farm Internship Program is devoted to enriching the knowledge and lives of young people by providing them with a unique educational experience on an organic Moringa Farm in rural Jaipur, India. Program participants can learn about conservation, maintenance (维护), care, and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands-on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff.‎ Participants will be able to interact with Moringa specialists and educators, on all issues that may affect their operations. Experts will let you know management strategies and equipment operation up close on hand to answer your specific questions.‎ The Moringa Farm Internship will provide an excellent opportunity to learn about sustainable tools, techniques, and approaches that can be used in Moringa Production and value-added production systems, righting (突出) pest and disease management, leaf/seed production, and tools ‎ and equipment for commercial production.‎ If you’re trying to learn about Moringa, there’s nothing like going to a farm and getting your hands dirty. So click here to register now!‎ ‎1. Why is Moringa specifically described in the text?‎ A. To stress the importance of the crop.‎ B. To encourage people to plant Moringa.‎ C. To show the significance of the program.‎ D. To draw attention to nutrition deficiency.‎ ‎2. What can we know about the Moringa Farm Internship Program?‎ A. It is intended for farmers. B. It lasts more than half a year.‎ C. It provides vocational training. D. It is available on the Internet.‎ ‎3. How do the program’s participants learn about Moringa?‎ A. By attending various courses about it.‎ B. By involving themselves in farming it.‎ C. By observing specialists and educators.‎ D. By watching slideshows about the crop.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍辣木农场实习计划的主题、目的、实习内容等相关事项。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段Moringa (辣木), a kind of miracle treebecome a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency (营养不足) across the globe. It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition content literally from top to bottom.（辣木是一种神奇的树，成为对抗全球营养缺乏的象征。它也是一种适合该地区气候条件的作物，其营养成分从叶到根都非常丰富）可知，这部分对辣木的非凡作用进行了专门的介绍，而该计划又是针对辣木的。由此可推断，此处介绍的目的是为了体现计划的意义和重要性，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句So click here to register now!（点击这里注册吧！）可知，在网上可以找到该计划，故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据 Program participants can learn about conservation，maintenance (维护)，care，and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands-on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff.（参与者可以与当地辣木农场员工一起实际体验工作，了解辣木种植的养护、维护、护理和管理）可知，参与人员通过亲自参加辣木种植来了解辣木，故选B。‎ B We had two dogs, Lucky and Lily Bit. Lucky loved to find ways to leave the confines (束 缚) of her indoor living routine, which made her a masterful escape artist. Lily Bit, on the other hand, did exactly as she was told, never straying, always staying close to home except when she came under the influence of Lucky.‎ Whenever the two got out together, they could be seen out of sights often staying away for hours. More often than not, they’d arrive home near suppertime, covered in mud and leaves and smelling to high heaven from their afternoon outing in the woods.‎ I remember one such occasion when they’d once again mysteriously escaped, except this time, they returned clean and no worse for wear. It wasn’t until a few days later that we learned why. My wife ran into our neighbor Carl who lived a few houses down from us.‎ ‎“I saw your two dogs the other day,” Carl said with a smile,‎ ‎“Oh, yes? I’m so sorry. They’d been so good lately, so it was such a surprise when they got out. I sure hope they didn’t cause any trouble.” my wife replied,‎ ‎“Oh, no, no trouble at all. Did you have any idea where they went?”‎ ‎“No,” my wife answered.‎ ‎“They attended my dog’s funeral (葬礼)” Carl said sadly.‎ ‎“What?” Ann exclaimed, “Oh, no. I didn’t know Toby had died.‎ ‎“Yep, it died a couple days ago. I was burying him in the back lot when your two dogs came running up. They sat down not far from me while. I finished burying him, then they left.”‎ ‎“Wow that’s amazing! ” my wife replied. “Toby was Lily Bit’s father, you know. ”‎ ‎“No, I didn’t know that,” Carl replied, “but I guess that explains why she felt like she needed to be there. She had to say her final goodbye.”‎ ‎4. What words can best explain the meaning of the word “straying” underlined in Para. 1?‎ A. Wandering away. B. Staying still C. Shouting loudly. D. Disobeying impolitely.‎ ‎5. What difference between Lucky and Lily Bit is suggested in the first paragraph?‎ A. Their abilities were different. B. Their hobbies were different.‎ C. Their personalities were different D. Their physical features were different.‎ ‎6. What would generally happen to the two dogs after they got home from outside?‎ A. They got more united. B. They looked in a mess.‎ C. They smelled nice as usual. D. They got willing to do as told to.‎ ‎7. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?‎ A. To show his respect for dogs. B. To be in memory of his dogs.‎ C. To suggest learning from dogs, D. To think highly of his two dogs.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者家两只狗的故事。两只狗很淘气，经常在外面玩耍,回来时浑身是泥土和草叶。但有一次例外，两只狗回家还是干干净净的，后来作者从邻居那里获知其原因，它们去参加一只狗父亲的葬礼了。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据always staying close to home（总是呆在离家近的地方）可知，never straying是指从不乱走开，所以straying意为“走开、走失”，故选A项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段“Lucky loved to find ways to leave the confines (束缚) of her indoor living RoutineLily Bit, on the other hand, did exactly as she was told, never straying, always staying close to home.（Lucky喜欢找方法摆脱室内生活的限制……另一方面，Lily Bit却完全按照她被告知的去做，从不乱跑，总是呆在离家很近的地方）可知，一个想办法摆脱束缚，而另一个服从，这说明它们的性格不一样，故选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句More often than not, they’d arrive home near suppertime, covered in mud and leaves . （通常，它们在晚饭前回到家，浑身是泥和树叶……）可推断，它们回来时浑身是脏的，故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后的对话“Wow that’s amazing! ” my wife replied. “Toby was Lily ‎ Bit’s father, you know. ”“No, I didn’t know that,” Carl replied, “but I guess that explains why she felt like she needed to be there. She had to say her final goodbye.”（ “哇，太神奇了！”我妻子回答说，“你知道，Toby是Lily Bit的父亲。”“不，我不知道，”卡尔回答，“但我想这就是为什么她认为她需要在那里。她必须作最后的告别。”）可知，这些说明狗也重感情。由此可推断，作者的写作目的是为了称赞自己的狗，故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】词句猜测题中的词义猜测在文章中可以找到对应句子解释，所以要认真阅读前后文来理解。例如第1小题，问下划线“straying”意思，根据always staying close to home（总是呆在离家近的地方）可知，never straying是指从不乱走开，所以straying意为“走开、走失”，故选A项。‎ C Two years ago， Kiirsat Ceylan was in New York to give a talk about disability rights at the U． N． Blind since birth， the Turkish man was struggling to find his hotel， holding a cane in one hand and pulling his luggage with the other．‎ ‎"Not surprisingly， suddenly I bumped into a pole, and he says, "It was a bit bloody．"‎ The problem with a cane is that， while it can tell you what's on the grounds it doesn't help with objects at the body or head level． It wasn't the first time Ceylan had run into something， injuring himself．‎ ‎"" I have no problem with my scars， which make me more handsome I guess，" Ceylan says， laughing． "But I don't need hew ones．"‎ With WeWalk， a new smart cane， Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.The cane uses an ultrasonic（超声波）sensor which detects objects at body or head level and gives a warning vibration． WeWalk users pair the cane with their smartphones and then use the cane's touchpad to access features like voice assistant or navigation*Before leaving home， they can plug their destination into Google Maps and get spoken directions as they walk In the future， Ceylan hopes to connect WeWalk with public transportation and ridesharing services．‎ Assistive technology is often expensive for blind people， says Eelke Folmer， a computer science professor at the University of Nevada! Reno． "But developers fail to realize their devices are out of reach for many blind people， To Folmer， the price point-﹩ 500-- sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies．‎ Ceylan sees WeWalk as part of an attempt to help blind people achieve greater freedom of movement， which he believes will give them greater access to education and jobs． The canes are already having an impact on users， Ceylan says． He recently received an email from a teacher in Ireland who had become blind as an adult． He'd been depressed and housebound． But since getting a WeWalk cane， your device forced me to go out． It became my anti- depressant． " he wrote．‎ ‎8. Why is a story about Kursat Ceylan given at the beginning of the text？ ______‎ A. To stress the difficulty caused by blindness．‎ B. To show his reason for developing his cane．‎ C. To indicate the problems with present canes．‎ D. To show his positive and humorous character．‎ ‎9. What can WeWalk do at present according to the text？ ______‎ A. Provide fast Internet access．‎ B. Start conversations with users．‎ C. Tell users what is around them．‎ D. Connect with ridesharing services．‎ ‎10. What does Folmer think is the advantage of WeWalk over other assistive technologies？ ______‎ A. It is easily affordable， B. It is easily controllable．‎ C. It works better for users. D. It looks more attractive．‎ ‎11. What is the text mainly about？ ______‎ A. The increasing demand for smart canes．‎ B. A blind man’s devotion to smart canes．‎ C. A smart cane's effects on blind people.‎ D. An assistive technology for the blind．‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了盲人Kursat Ceylan 致力于研发智能拐杖以帮助盲人自由地行走。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.”可知，有了新的智能手杖WeWalk，Ceylan希望能帮助其他盲人更容易地导航周围环境．由此可知，文章开头提到Kursat Ceylan 的故事是为了说明他研发这种拐杖的原因，故B项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中“With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.”可知，智能拐杖WeWalk能够更容易地为盲人们导航周围环境．由此可知，WeWalk可以告诉使用者周围的情况．故C项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“To Folmer, the price point-﹩ 500-- sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies.”可知，Folmer认为，500英镑的价格使WeWalk在其他辅助技术中脱颖而出，也就是说这种拐杖优势是使用者能负担得起。故A项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第五段中的“With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.”可知，文章主要讲述了盲人Kursat Ceylan致力于研发一种智能拐杖以帮助盲人自由地行走，故B项正确。‎ D When you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called "the Tube" to your definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first "National Park City."‎ London was established by the Romans around 2,000 years ago and has been continually inhabited (居住于) since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density (密度)than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space,‎ In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the world’s first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through.‎ ‎"Inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks, the London National ‎ Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking," Daniel Raven-Ellison, who began the campaign to make London a National Park City six years ago said in a press release. "We've been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green and diverse. "‎ London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% greenspace, respectively. But that doesn't mean it's not possible——the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.‎ ‎12. What makes London more likely to become a national park city than other cities?‎ A. Its smaller population. B. The government’s efforts.‎ C. Its less dense urbanization. D. Its citizens’ great support.‎ ‎13. Where can we find the data on London’s measures to achieve its goal?‎ A. In Paragraph 1. B. In Paragraph 2.‎ C. In Paragraph 3. D. In Paragraph 4.‎ ‎14. What is Daniel Raven-Ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph?‎ A. London’s long-term strategic thinking.‎ B. The significance of London’s campaign.‎ C. The effects of national parks on London.‎ D. The resources of London’s green space.‎ ‎15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Trying to be a national park city is turning new trend.‎ B. National park cities are springing up around the world.‎ C. It is so easy for London to become a national park city.‎ D. National park cities are making improvements to our life.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章就英国伦敦已经签约成为第一个“国家公园城市”为话题，介绍伦敦市民为实现这一目标而努力，同时其他城市也考虑成为国家公园城市。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density (密度)than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space（没有人想到要把所有的公园都换成大型商店或高楼大厦，这意味着伦敦的城市密度比世界上大多数城市低得多，如今城市的三分之一是绿地）和最后一段London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% greenspace, respectively.（与巴黎和纽约等人口密度更高的城市相比，伦敦实现这种绿色转型要容易得多，巴黎和纽约的绿化面积分别为10%和27%），可判断出，伦敦的低密度城市化是其优势。故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through.（通过连接和扩展公共公园，绿化未使用的停车场和现有和新建房屋的私人庭院，在现有建筑上固定一些绿色屋顶，甚至在栅栏上开洞让野生动物通过）可知，第三段列出伦敦为实现目标采取了很多措施。故选 C 项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital（伦敦国家公园城的基本宗旨是让首都的生活更美好）可判断出，第四段旨在说明项目的意义。故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.（国家公园城市基金会希望，到2025年，除了伦敦之外，还能再入选25个城市。苏格兰的格拉斯哥和英格兰东北部泰恩河畔的纽卡斯尔都正在考虑成为国家公园城市）可推断出，越来越多城市想成为国家公园城市，这将成为一种趋势。故选A项。‎ 二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）‎ Continuous learning benefits us in many ways. First of all, it allows the increase in ‎ knowledge and ability in our career. For example, watching someone work can make us a better worker. ____16____ For example, we can learn about the general workforce and how the application process works to better prepare us for job searching. This can help if for some reason you lose your job and need to find other work.‎ What’s more, continuous learning can open our mind. Having an open mind and willingness to take on new ideas can do wonders. First of all it builds your attitude towards change. ____17____ Second, when you take continuous learning into account, you can begin to understand how others feel about a particular issue.‎ ‎____18____ They are always looking for new experiences and do different things. Moreover, they not only have knowledge on various topics that aren’t always related to present roles but also know about the latest trends and technologies in the industry.‎ To develop continuous learning, you have to begin with setting a clear and specific goal. ____19____ Once your goal is set, build a system to help support your strategy. You want to be looking for different sources of information, but also to be picky about it, In other words, try to learn within your specific field but ensure the information is coming from a trustworthy source- At the same time, do use tools to help improve your learning system. ____20____ Seminars (研讨会) workshops, and live classes are the tools that modern learners need as they make learning effective.‎ A. Learning can improve other areas in our lives.‎ B. Besides, learning can prepare us for the unexpected.‎ C. If always learning, you are always improving.‎ D. Excellent continuous learners behave in a specific manner.‎ E. Being excited about change can affect others around you positively.‎ F. There’re various tools to help you present information and learning.‎ G. Knowing what you want to achieve can encourage you to keep learnings.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. F ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍持续性学习的好处和培养持续性学习的方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据空格下文“For example, we can learn about the general workforce and how the ‎ application process works to better prepare us for job searching. This can help if for some reason you lose your job and need to find other work.”例如，我们可以了解一般的劳动力，以及申请过程是什么样的，以便更好地为求职做准备。如果你因为某种原因丢了工作，需要另找工作的话，这可能会有所帮助，由此可判断，学习可以让我们为意外做准备，故选B项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据空格前文“it builds your attitude towards change”持续性学习让你建立应对改变的态度，E 项“Being excited about change can affect others around you positively.”对改变感到兴奋会对你周围的人产生积极的影响，这句的“change”和前文相呼应，故选E项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据空格后文“They are always looking for new experiences and do different things. Moreover, they not only have knowledge on various topics that aren’t always related to present roles but also know about the latest trends and technologies in the industry.” 他们总是在寻找新的体验，做不同的事情。此外，他们不仅了解与当前职责不相关的各种主题，还了解行业的最新趋势和技术，可推断这句呼应了D项中“Excellent continuous learners behave in a specific manner.” 优秀的持续学习者以具体的方式来表现， “They”指代D项中的“Excellent continuous learners” 优秀的持续学习者，故选D项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空格前一句“To develop continuous learning, you have to begin with setting a clear and specific goal”为了培养持续学习，你必须从设定一个明确而具体的目标开始，可知，知道自己想要达到什么目标，可以促动你不断学习，故选G项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据空格后一句“Seminars (研讨会) workshops, and live classes are the tools that modern learners need as they make learning effective.” 研讨会和现场课程是现代学习者需要的工具，因为他们使学习变得有效， 可知呼应F选项“There’re various tools to help you present information and learning.” 有各种各样的工具可以帮助你展示信息和学习，故选F 项。‎ 三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）‎ When I was growing up, there was a pizza shop right down the street from me, The pizza shop was ____21____ by a Chinese woman who opened the place around 11:00 a. m. and closed it around midnight every day. The food was good, and its ____22____ were a right size. As far as I knew, the menu never ____23____. The woman would take a（n） ____24____ and then ‎ return to the kitchen and make it while the customer stood ____25____ at the counter.‎ One day the woman ____26____ the pizza shop to a man. The man ____27____ on running the pizza shop with his wife. I was around fifteen and one day I went inside the pizza shop and began talking with the new owners. Within minutes of my starting the ____28____ , the man and his wife offered me a(n) ____29____ They’d printed many paper menus and they wanted me to hang them on the doors in the area.‎ I enjoyed the work as it was fun. As I did this with them one Sunday afternoon, they told me about how _____30_____ the Chinese woman had been. They told me she used too expensive cheese. They were planning to stop _____31_____ chicken because chicken was expensive and pizza was really _____32_____ to make. They were _____33_____ the business was going to be a cash cow for them.‎ As I listened to all this, I decided these people must be very smart. _____34_____ , within several months, they were out of _____35_____ completely, and the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year _____36_____ it was turned into flooring store. The new owners thought only about how the business could _____37_____ them, and how they could reduce _____38_____ to fatten their own wallets. This is why they ended up _____39_____ . After all, everyone loves people and businesses that are more _____40_____ with serving others than themselves.‎ ‎21. A. purchased B. expanded C. operated D. frequented ‎22. A. populations B. portions C. measures D. surroundings ‎23. A. improved B. extended C. worsened D. altered ‎24. A. order B. chance C. walk D. dish ‎25. A. resting B. admiring C. waiting D. observing ‎26. A. transferred B. sold C. referred D. donated ‎27. A. focused B. went C. insisted D. planned ‎28. A. trade B. argument C. discussion D. deal ‎29. A. recommendation B. job C. assignment D. reward ‎30. A. stupid B. intelligent C. awkward D. hardworking ‎31. A. preparing B. buying C. serving D. consuming ‎32. A. swift B. cheap C. interesting D. convenient ‎33. A. worried B. lucky C. hopeful D. sure ‎34. A. Instead B. Additionally C. However D. Consequently ‎35. A. business B. sight C. place D. control ‎36. A. Unfortunately B. Instantly C. Suddenly D. Eventually ‎37. A. influence B. benefit C. promote D. involve ‎38. A. costs B. bills C. prices D. ingredients ‎39. A. declining B. quitting C. failing D. compromising ‎40. A. satisfied B. concerned C. patient D. familiar ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。本文讲述了一个中国女士经营一家披萨，之后卖给一对夫妇。这对夫妇最初嘲笑之前的店主太傻使用贵的奶酪，这对夫妇通过降低食材成本而获利，但是几个月后店铺倒闭了。通过这家披萨店的倒闭说明一个道理：做生意不要总想着赢利，也需要为客户提供优质产品和服务。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这家披萨店是由一名中国女子经营的，她在上午11点左右开张，每天午夜左右关门。A. purchased购买；B. expanded扩展；C. operated经营，操作；D. frequented常去。根据“who opened the place around 11:00 a. m. and closed it around midnight every day”每天上午11点左右开门，午夜左右关门，可判断披萨店由她经营管理，故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意:食物很好，分量也恰到好处。 A. populations人口；B. portions定额；C. measures措施；D. surroundings周围环境。根据“The food was good”，此处用并列连词and，可判断在介绍店里的食品质量好同时份量也合适，故选B项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:就我所知，菜单从未更改过。A. improved提高，改进；B. extended延长，扩大；C. worsened恶化；D. altered改变。根据前一句“The food was good，and its portions were a right size.”店里的食品质量好同时份量也合适，可知，食品没有偷工减料，可判断她家的菜单从未改变过，故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位女士会拿着一份订单，然后回到厨房，让顾客站在柜台前等着。 A. order订购；B. chance机会；C. walk散步；D. dish菜肴，餐具。根据“then return to the kitchen and make it”然后回到厨房去制作，可判断此处指顾客点的餐，故选A项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这位女士会拿着一份订单，然后回到厨房，让顾客站在柜台前等着。A. resting休息；B. admiring崇拜，欣赏；C. waiting等待；D. observing观察。根据“return to the kitchen and make it”然后回到厨房去制作，制作需要时间，可判断此处指顾客站在柜台前等着，故选C项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天，这个女人把披萨饼店卖给了一个男人。A. transferred转移，转让；B. sold售卖；C. referred涉及，查阅；D. donated捐献。根据下一句“one day I went inside the pizza shop and began talking with the new owners.”有一天，我走进披萨店，开始与新老板聊天，这句里的“the new owners”指新老板，可推断这个女士把披萨店卖给这个人，故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个人打算和他的妻子一起经营比萨饼店。A. focused集中；B. went去；C. insisted坚持；D. planned计划。根据前一句“One day the woman ____26____ the pizza shop to a man.”一天，这个女人把比萨饼店卖给了一个男人，可知下一步这个人打算和他的妻子一起经营比萨饼店，固定搭配plan on doing sth.计划做某事符合文意，故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我开始讨论的几分钟后，那对夫妇就给了我一份工作。A. trade交易；B. argument争论；C. discussion讨论；D. deal交易。根据“talking with the new owners” 与新老板交谈的，可判断是商讨，discussion商讨；讨论，故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我开始讨论的几分钟后，那对夫妇就给了我一份工作。A. recommendation建议；B. job工作；C. assignment任务；D. reward回报。‎ 根据第三段第一句“I enjoyed the work as it was fun. ”我喜欢这项工作，因为它很有趣，可判断这是一份工作，故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们告诉我那个中国女人是多么愚蠢。A. stupid愚蠢的；‎ B. intelligent智慧的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. hardworking勤奋的。根据下文“They told me she used too expensive cheese. They were planning to stop 31 chicken because chicken was expensive and pizza was really 32 to make”他们告诉我她用的奶酪太贵了。他们计划停止提供鸡肉，因为鸡肉很贵，披萨饼便宜和最后一段第一句“As I listened to all this, I decided these people must be very smart”当我听了他们说完这些，我觉得这对夫妇一定很聪明， 可知中国女士用的材料成本高，披萨饼便宜，所以赚的钱少，而这对新主人压缩成本，利润高，作者认为新店主精明，可判断新店主认为之前店主的经营方式很愚蠢，这里的“stupid”对应后文的“smart”，故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们计划停止供应鸡肉，因为鸡肉很贵，披萨很便宜。A. preparing做准备；B. buying购买；C. serving服务，提供；D. consuming消费；消耗。根据“ because chicken was expensive and pizza was really ____32____ to make.” 因为鸡肉很贵，披萨饼卖价很低，可以推断为了节约成本，新店主计划停止供应鸡肉，故选C项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他们计划停止供应鸡肉，因为鸡肉很贵，披萨很便宜。A. swift敏捷的；B. cheap便宜的；C. interesting有趣的；D. convenient方便的。根据“They were planning to stop ____31____ chicken because chicken was expensive and pizza was really ____32____ to make. They were ____33____ the business was going to be a cash cow for them.”他们计划停止供应鸡肉，因为鸡肉很贵，披萨饼很便宜。他们认为这笔生意将成为他们的摇钱树，可知，因为鸡肉贵，店主停止提供鸡肉，要压缩成本才能赚钱，说明披萨饼卖价低，故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他们确信这个店会成为他们的摇钱树。A. worried担忧的；B. lucky幸运的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. sure肯定的。根据第三段“they told me about how ___30____ the Chinese woman had been. They told me she used too expensive cheese. They were planning to stop ____31____ chicken ”他们告诉我那个中国女人有多愚蠢，她用的奶酪太贵了。他们打算停止供应鸡肉。新店主认为之前店主经营方式很愚蠢，他们的经营很精明，可判断他们非常肯定他们会成功，故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而，不出几个月，他们就彻底破产了。A. Instead相反地；‎ B. Additionally而且；C. However然而；D. Consequently因此。根据空格前一句“I decided these people must be very smart” 我觉得这些人一定很聪明和下文“within several months, they were out of ____35____ completely, and the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year” 几个月内，他们就彻底破产了，披萨饼店在那里空置了一年多，可判断有转折关系，作者猜想他们一定很会做生意，然而他们却倒闭了，故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 然而，不出几个月，他们就彻底破产了。A. business生意；B. sight景色；C. place地方；D. control控制。根据下一句“the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year” 披萨店在那里空置了一年多，可判断此处指他们生意倒闭了，固定搭配out of business生意倒闭，故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意:披萨店空置了一年多，最后变成了地板店。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Instantly立即地；C. Suddenly突然地；D. Eventually终于。根据空前“the pizza place sat there vacant for over a year”披萨店在那里空置了一年多和下一句“it was turned into flooring store”它变成地板店，根据句意可判断这里有个承接，Eventually意为最终，故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意:新店主只想着如何让自己受益。A. influence影响；B. benefit有助于；C. promote提升；D. involve包含。根据下文“fatten their own wallets ” 养肥自己的钱包，可判断新店主让自己多赚钱获利，故选 B 项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们如何降低成本来养肥自己的钱包。A. costs费用；B. bills账单；C. prices价钱； D. ingredients原料。根据第三段倒数第二句“They were planning to stop ___31____ chicken because chicken was expensive” 他们计划停止供应鸡肉，因为鸡肉很贵，可判断他们减少成本，故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 这就是他们失败的原因。A. declining下降；B. quitting放弃；C. failing失败；D. compromising妥协。根据第四段第一句 “within several months, they were out of ____35____ completely”不出几个月，他们就彻底破产了，可判断此处指他们生意失败，故选 C 项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:毕竟，每个人都喜欢那些关心为他人服务而不是为自己服务的人和企业。 A. satisfied满意的；B. concerned关心的；C. patient有耐心的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据第三段第三句“she used too expensive cheese.”中国女店主用贵的奶酪和最后一段“The new owners thought only about how the business could ____37____ them, and how they could reduce ____38____ to fatten their own wallets. This is why they ended up ____39____ .” 新店主只想着如何让自己受益，如何降低成本来养肥自己的钱包，这就是他们失败的原因，可知作者对比两个店主的经营方式来说明：更关心提供优质产品服务的店家才会得到顾客的青睐，故选B项。‎ 四、阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Plastic is a huge problem for our planet. It is really ____41____ (challenge) to get rid of and a lot of it ends up in nature or in the ocean in particular. There, it is a threat ____42____ our animals and plants.‎ Now a company from the Netherlands, a small country in western Europe, says that it will use plastic ____43____ (find) in the ocean to build roads. Volker Wessels ____44____ (turn) the plastic into building blocks for the roads. They will be like puzzle pieces ____45____ fit into each other.‎ Not only will this be good for the environment, but also it will be good for the people who look after roads. If a part of the road ____46____ (damage), it will be easy to remove it and replace it with another piece. The company says that nearly any type of plastic can be used ____47____ (make) the road pieces.‎ Scientists ____48____ (work) on the project say that they are in the final stages of testing the materials for ____49____ (safe). They say that the first road built will be ______50______ bicycle path somewhere in the Netherlands.‎ ‎【答案】41. challenging 42. to 43. found 44. will turn 45. that/which 46. is damaged 47. to make 48. working 49. safety 50. a ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍用塑料垃圾修路。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：塑料对我们的星球来说是个大问题。要想除掉塑料真的很有挑战性，很多塑料最终进入大自然，特别是进入海洋。该空作系动词is的表语，应使用形容词“‎ 有挑战的”。故填challenging。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：在那里，它对我们的动物和植物有威胁。固定搭配a threat to sb./sth.“对……的威胁”。故填to。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，一家来自西欧小国荷兰的公司表示，他们将使用在海洋中发现的塑料来修路。此处与plastic是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词做后置定语，表示被动。故填found。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：Volker Wessels会把这些塑料变成道路用的积木。根据上下文多处出现一般将来时可知，此处也是表将来的动作，应使用一般将来时。故填will turn。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：他们会像拼图一样拼凑在一起。根据句意可知，该空引导限制性定语从句并作主语，puzzle pieces是先行词，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：如果道路的一部分被破坏，很容易将其拆下并用另一块替换。if引导条件状语从句时，主句使用将来时，从句谓语动词使用一般现在时表将来；damage与a part of the road是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故填is damaged。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司表示，几乎任何类型的塑料都可以用来制作路砖。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故填to make。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：从事该项目的科学家说，他们正处于测试材料安全性的最后阶段。work与Scientists是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作后置定语，表主动。故填working。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：从事该项目的科学家说，他们正处于测试材料安全性的最后阶段。该空作介词for的宾语，故用名词形式。故填safety。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：他们说，第一条道路将是荷兰某个地方的自行车道。bicycle path为单数可数名词，此处表泛指，应使用不定冠词，因bicycle是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。‎ ‎【点睛】if引导的条件状语从句，有“主将从现”特点，即主句是将来时，从句是一般现在时。例如第6小题：If a part of the road ____6____ (damage), it will be easy to remove it and replace it with another piece.这句if引导的从句用一般现在时，道路和破坏之间应为被动，故填is damaged。‎ 五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）‎ ‎51.假定你叫李华，在你校就读的来自美国的交换生杰克很想学习中国书法（Chinese calligraphy），想找一位中国书法教师。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 已为他找了一名教师李先生；‎ ‎2. 简单介绍李先生；‎ ‎3. 询问什么时候开始学习。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jack,‎ How’s everything? Last time you told me that you are interested in Chinese calligraphy and wanted to have a Chinese calligraphy teacher. Now, good news for you. I have found an excellent one for you in our school.‎ Most importantly, he can teach you how to write beautiful Chinese characters in both ‎ Chinese and English. He has promised to teach you after work because he hopes to make an effort to spread the traditional culture. So please tell me when you can begin your learning.‎ I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你叫李华，在你校就读的来自美国的交换生杰克很想学习中国书法（Chinese calligraphy），想找一位中国书法教师。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 已为他找了一名教师李先生；‎ ‎2. 简单介绍李先生；‎ ‎3. 询问什么时候开始学习。‎ 时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第二步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be interested in对感兴趣，Chinese calligraphy中国书法，Most importantly最重要地，Chinese characters中国汉字，promise to do sth.承诺去做某事，make an effort to do sth.努力去做某事，spread传播等等。‎ 第三步：根据提示或关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致、时态等问题。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的过渡和衔接，使文章读起来自然流畅。书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和语法。例1：be interested in，Chinese calligraphy，Most importantly，Chinese characters，promise to do sth.，make an effort to do sth.，spread等；‎ 例2：Last time you told me that you are interested in Chinese calligraphy.‎ 这里用了that引导的宾语从句。‎ 例3：He has promised to teach you after work.‎ 这里用了现在完成时，和固定用法promise to do sth.。‎ 从上述例子显示出作者较好的驾驭英语的能力。‎